Form Of Knowledge Organization Research Articles

К ВОПРОСУ О НЕЯВНОМ ЗНАНИИ: КАНТИАНСКИЕ ИДЕИ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ КОНТЕКСТА ПРОБЛЕМЫ

The article traces a line in the development of epistemology, which led to the formation of the concept of tacit knowledge. The author demonstrates that the formation of this area of research is based on the solution to the problem of prerequisite knowledge found by I. Kant: a priori foundations of knowledge are such prerequisites for knowledge that are not the meaningful ideas but the forms of knowledge organization. The tacit knowledge as non-reflexive, non-explicit knowledge that exists on the periphery of cognitive activity functionally corresponds to just such a component of cognition; its significant part is made up of ontogenetically a priori prerequisites for cognition. The tacit knowledge is irreducible to the personal knowledge; on the contrary, the category of collective tacit knowledge exists. The article provides an overview of the possible sources of tacit knowledge identified in various areas of the study of the problem.

The concept of social and legal responsibility of business: methodological discourse

The article examines problematic issues related to the social and legal responsibility of business. In particular, the author argues that the concept of social responsibility of business is an ideological construct filled with meanings formed over almost two centuries as a result of scientific reflection on the relationship between business, state and society. An attempt has been made to present this concept as a relatively independent form of knowledge organization. It is emphasized that the trajectories of legal research must meet the needs of not only the state, but also society, the individual, one of which is the need to establish fair principles not only in respect of rights, but also obligations, responsibility to the individual and the state. The desire of law to streamline social relations by means of standardizing the behavior of not only individuals, but also legal entities, demonstrates movement and appeal to the highest moral and ethical categories, one of which is «responsibility».

Gnoseology of the Kyiv Philosophical School: the Establishment and Approval of the Worldview-Rationalist Paradigm of Scientific Knowledge

The study is devoted to the analysis of the origins, essence, scholarly, and cultural significance of the phenomenon of the Kyiv philosophical school. In the late 1950s – during the 1960s, Ukraine formed relatively favorable conditions for the development of the original direction of the philosophical research studying the logic of scientific knowledge, which resulted in the formulation of a worldview-rationalist concept of constructing scientific theories and obtaining reliable verified knowledge. Considering the impact of this school’s achievements on educational and research practice, we can talk about the paradigmatic status of this generalization due to its acquisition of a strong sociocultural sounding. Thus, Ukrainian science has received logical and methodological guidelines for the stages and processes of scientific research, the importance of various forms of knowledge organization, including ideas, problems, hypotheses, concepts, theories, and, ultimately, systematic knowledge about a particular object in the form of the normative science. The Kyiv philosophical school’s achievements significantly contributed to the formation of the style of scholarly thinking, refuting the incapability of the methodology of science declared by the official Marxist philosophy with its dogmatic regulators of the learning process as a party affiliation principle. The main centers for producing the worldview-rationalist philosophical ideas were Taras Shevchenko State University of Kyiv and the Institute of Philosophy of the UkrSSR Academy of Sciences. Its most famous representatives were P. Kopnin, V. Shynkaruk, M. Popovych, S. Krymskyi, and I. Bychko.

A Semantic Collaboration Method Based on Uniform Knowledge Graph

The Semantic Internet of Things (SIoT) is the extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Semantic Web, which aims to build an interoperable collaborative system to solve the heterogeneous problems in the IoT. However, the SIoT has the characteristics of both the IoT and the Semantic Web environment, and the corresponding semantic data present many new data features. In this article, we analyze the characteristics of semantic data and propose the concept of a uniform knowledge graph (UKG), allowing us to be applied to the environment of the SIoT better. Here, we design a semantic collaboration method based on a UKG. It can take the UKG as the form of knowledge organization and representation, and provide a useful data basis for semantic collaboration by constructing the semantic links to complete semantic relation between different data sets, to achieve the semantic collaboration in the SIoT. Our experiments show that the proposed method can analyze and understand the semantics of user requirements better and provide more satisfactory outcomes.

Prototypical Models of the Terms Interaction in the Terminological Network

The research is devoted to the current cross-disciplinary problem of the knowledge organization for information search intellectualization and knowledge extraction acceleration by means of the specialized software - the expert system. The paper shows that an effective form of knowledge organization in the expert system is the terminological network of subject domain; the network can be structured on the basis of prototypical semantic models of terms interaction which reflect the relations of the concepts designated by terms. The authors reconstruct the fragment of the terminological network of nanotechnologies with the top-term nanoliquid and present it in the article. While analyzing definitions of the terms included into the network and the fragments of scientific publications with terminological units of the analyzed subject domain, the authors define the following semantic categories: Material, Substance, Natural object, Tool, Characteristic, Process. The paper reveals the prototypical models of the terms interaction reflecting the systemic relations between the term "nanoliquid" and its adjacent terms: generic, partitive, attributive, the relations between targeted object and result, between material and process. The article shows that the term "nanoliquid" is introduced in hierarchical classification of the nanostructured materials and has various semantic relations both with terms of one category and with terms of all other semantic categories.

Data Papers as a New Form of Knowledge Organization in the Field of Research Data

Data papers have been defined as scholarly journal publications whose primary purpose is to describe research data. Our survey provides more insights about the environment of data papers, i.e., disciplines, publishers and business models, and about their structure, length, formats, metadata, and licensing. Data papers are a product of the emerging ecosystem of data-driven open science. They contribute to the FAIR principles for research data management. However, the boundaries with other categories of academic publishing are partly blurred. Data papers are (can be) generated automatically and are potentially machine-readable. Data papers are essentially information, i.e., description of data, but also partly contribute to the generation of knowledge and data on its own. Part of the new ecosystem of open and data-driven science, data papers and data journals are an interesting and relevant object for the assessment and understanding of the transition of the former system of academic publishing.

HIPERTEKST – RÓŻNORODNOŚĆ ROZUMIENIA POJĘCIA

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czym jest hipertekst, z którym mamy do czynienia na co dzień dzięki technologiom cyfrowym. W tym celu autor dokonuje analizy wybranej literatury na temat hipertekstu i rozpatruje rozumienie pojęcia w odniesieniu do tekstu linearnego obecnego w książkach, do internetu, do cybertekstu, a także jako formę zarządzania wiedzą. Szczególne miejsce zostaje poświęcone badaniom G. Landowa, który od wielu lat zajmuje się tym zagadnieniem,opisuje je i ukazuje jego wpływ na nową jakość czytania, a co za tym idzie, na dydaktykę, która dużo miejsca poświęca na pracę z tekstem (podręczniki). Kwestia wpływu na dydaktykę pozostała jedynie zasygnalizowana i niepogłębiona.Hipertekst jest formą tekstu zapisanego w sposób nielinearny i swoją strukturą przypomina formę sieci, w której zasadniczą rolę odgrywa link, czyli łącznik pomiędzy węzłami, które stanowią bloki tekstowe, a także informacje zapisane w postaci audio-wizualnej. Przykładem hipertekstu jest internet, gdzie odnajdujemy podobną strukturę oraz wymienione elementy. Hipertekst odgrywa znaczącą rolę w organizacji wiedzy; dzięki obecności hiperłączy umożliwia szybkie wyszukanie i dotarcie do informacji, co ma szczególne znaczenie w przypadku dużej jej ilości, a co byłoby utrudnione w przypadku posługiwania się jedynie metodą linearną.Powyższe opracowanie zachęca do pogłębienia tematu w celu zrozumienia wpływu hipertekstu na kształtowanie się kultury.

Problemática psicosocial y educacional de los niños marginados

La problemática psicosocial e educacional de los niños marginados se refiere, en este trabajo, a las controversias teóricas sobre el desarrollo del conocimiento y sobre las posibles soluciones educativas para esos niños. Esa problemática será tratada a partir del análisis de las estructuras o formas de organización del conocimiento a partir de la necesaria diferenciación de los factores sociales e individuales del desarrollo cognitivo. En función de esos objetivos, analizaremos las teorías clásicas del desarrollo cognitivo de los niños marginados, discutiremos los factores individuales y sociales del desarrollo cognitivo y, teniendo como base investigaciones empíricas realizadas por nosotros, postularemos una explicación para el desarrollo cognitivo de esos niños. Finalmente, discutiremos y trataremos de proponer soluciones educacionales.

Experts vs. Novices Tagging Behavior: An Exploratory Analysis

The universe of knowledge is not exclusively put in order by professionals any more. Traditional expert-oriented approaches are supplemented by organically-evolving user-generated approaches known as folksonomies. Their potentials (and disadvantages) as a new form of knowledge organization needs to be critically evaluated and scrutinized. This paper will review the notion of organization of information in contemporary information environments and contribute to findings and research data on tagging and folksonomies. The authors present results of a study in tagging behavior of an expert and novice group of users. By conducting the research on the student population two questions are being explored: a) what are specific differences in tagging behavior between experts and novices, and b) is the expertise acquired by students through course credits enough to create a significant difference in regard to the novice group with no formal education in the area. Differences of the two user groups in tag assignment are being analyzed with regard to tag number and distribution, both by using descriptive statistic and by introducing the tag efficiency measure. The results have shown that different efficiency levels in tag assignment between the two groups indicating that users with more knowledge and expertise could create folksonomies of higher quality.

The library environment as a form of knowledge organization

KO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION , Seite 198 - 198