Forms Of Innovation Activities Research Articles

Attitudes of Modern Youth to the Innovative Activities: Based on the Materials of Sociological Research

Introduction. Orientation of the Russian to innovative way of development requires the provision of the state of human resources – qualified specialists with a certain set of qualities, skills and competencies. Researchers studying the matter, concluded that such a resource is the youth as the most active and creative social and demographic groups. Important components of the innovative potential of young people are the open mindedness, self-interest and involvement in innovative processes.The author carries out a case study, the aim of which is to study the attitudes and engagement of young people of the Ivanovo region in innovation activities.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of this work is the sociological researches conducted by the author. The subject of these studies were representatives of youth of the Ivanovo region in age from 14 to 30 years. During the research, several sub-groups divided the youth group: senior pupils, students and representatives of working youth. Sampling error does not exceed 5 %, for a given level of significance of 95 %.Results and discussion. The study showed that only half of the youth in the region would like to take part in innovative activities. At the same time over the past 3 years, about 44 % of young people have taken part in some form of innovation activity. Revealed that innovative practices are most common for pupils and students. Young people engaged in professional activities in more than half of the cases had no experience of participation in innovative activities.Conclusion. The results of the author of sociological studies show varying degrees of readiness of youth to innovative activities. Pupils and students largely than older youth, interested in innovative practices, due to its involvement in these processes through the use of new educational technologies. The interest of working youth is determined by the content of the profession.

Effects of innovation modes and network partners on innovation performance of young firms

PurposeWhile the importance of “science and technology-based innovation” (STI) and “doing, using and interacting-based innovation” (DUI) innovation modes in firm innovation performance has been well-established, little is known about how they affect the innovation performance of young firms. The author examines the most effective innovation mode and boundary conditions for the innovation performance of developing companies.Design/methodology/approachThe author tests the two modes of innovation using data from 159 young firms in China.FindingsThe author’s analysis indicates that a higher level of DUI innovation mode is more relevant to the innovation performance of newly established enterprises. Moreover, the effectiveness of the innovation mode is bound by the networks in which the company operates and interacts. The effectiveness of STI and DUI innovation modes is enhanced when there are high levels of innovation and business network interconnectedness from the technology network partner.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings have important implications on innovation research as they highlight the joint effects of innovation modes and quality of network ties on young firms seeking to improve their innovation performance.Practical implicationsSTI and DUI innovation modes represent different forms of innovation activities that may affect the knowledge and resources of young firms used to improve innovation performance. Knowing this can help young firms to choose effective innovation mode.Originality/valueThis study makes three contributions. The first is to pay specific attention to the neglected topic of the influence of STI and DUI innovation modes on innovation performance of young firms. Understanding that the two innovation modes offer different methods of gaining knowledge and resources can help young firms choose an effective innovation mode for their business; Second, the author examines the boundary conditions of the effectiveness of innovation modes. Specially, the author examines the moderating role of external networks, which can help clarify conflicting results in this regard. 10;The third contribution is to investigate the importance of network relationships for innovation activities moving beyond the extent of network relationships to instead consider the ability of those relationships to expose a firm to innovative techniques and methods.

Differentiation of Innovative Development Strategies of Regions for Improving the Effectiveness of Socio-Economic Policy in the Russian Federation

The study aims to develop a differentiate d approac h t o th e elaboratio n o f innovativ e developmen t strategie s o f Russian regions, which allows an effective implementation of innovative paradigms, considering the specificity of scientific and technical, innovative, and production and technological potential of regions. The analysis of international experience of innovative development illustrates the need to consider regional features when creating innovative strategies. We examined the dynamics of the innovative potential of Russian regions over the past decade. We hypothesise that an effective targeted innovative strategy of a region should be closely related to its socio-economic strategy, relying on the most relevant scientific, technological, and educational potential. We identified 4 main criteria for differentiating innovative strategies. These criteria application increases the effectiveness of innovation policies. These factors include the relationship of regional innovative strategies with relevant socio- economic strategies, the innovation and technological specialisation of the regions, regional needs for innovative transformations for the future, and forms of innovation activity. A comparative analysis of innovation and production capabilities and needs of Russian regions showed significant differences in the number of people employed in research and development, technological innovation costs, manufacturing output and other indicators. Based on the analysis, we identified top 15 regions, which are the most innovation-ready. The study used comparative analysis methods, economic and statistical methods, and forecasting methods. We proposed an algorithm for using a differentiated approach for strategizing regional innovative development. Finally, we concluded that a differentiated approach to the development and implementation of innovative development strategies allows improving the efficiency and targeting of state innovation policy through more efficient use of available resources and opportunities to strengthen the sustainability of regional communities. The article is intended for experts in the field of theory and practise of managing the innovative development of regions.

Analysis of Innovation Activities in Aviation Industry

Innovation activities represented by Six Sigma (6σ) led to improvements not only in manufacturing industries but also in various business fields. In the aviation industry, Six Sigma has been used as a tool of innovation since the beginning of 2000, and it has developed into a comprehensive form of innovation activity that includes various improvement tools. In this study, the innovation activities in K company that is a representative company of aviation industry are summarized in the last 10 years, and the effectiveness of the innovation tools and the performance of the tasks are also analyzed. The results of 2,091 projects over the past decade have been analyzed from various perspectives. First, we found out the tools that were used frequently at each DMAIC step, showed their frequency, and analyzed the evaluation results for the project. The project was evaluated from grade 1 (highest level) to grade 7 (lowest level) with an average grade of 4.1 for the overall project. The evaluation grades of the projects were compared and analyzed in terms of the qualifications of the leader, the roadmap for the implementation of the project, the financial effect, the size of the financial effect, the business classification, and the project execution period. These results may suggest new perspectives for companies considering or adopting innovation programs.

ДОСВІД УКРАЇНИ ТА КИТАЮ ЩОДО СТВОРЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИХ ФОРМ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

В статті розглянуто ініціативу розвитку індустріальних парків, зокрема в напрямку трансрегіонального співробітництва між КНР та Сінгапуром (індустріальний парк "м. Сучжоу – Сінгапур", а також КНР та Білорусією (індустріальний парк “GreatStone”). Здійснено моніторинг розвитку індустріальних парків на території Китаю (індустріальний парк "Lianyungang Xinpu", індустріальний парк в Ханчжоу) та України (КП "Індустріальний парк "Рогань", "Індустріальний парк "Свєма", а також індустріальні парки “Industrial Forpost”, "Славута", "Чексіл"). Визначено тенденції функціонування індустріальних парків, а також спільні та відмінні риси їх розвитку в КНР та в Україні.
 Перспективним напрямком є створення українсько-китайських індустріальних парків, тому проаналізовано особливості їх створення та функціонування, пріоритетні напрямки та ризики.
 Визначено особливості кластерних ініціатив, які розглянуто на прикладі України та КНР в аспекті галузевого розвитку. Розглянуто моделі формування державної кластерної політики. Проаналізовано особливості функціонування високотехнологічної і низькотехнологічної кластерної політики.
 В теоретико-методологічному аспекті розглянуто типологію діючих кластерів Здійснено моніторинг функціонування кластерів на території України та КНР. Визначено пріоритетні напрямки їхнього подальшого розвитку та ризики.
 Розглянуто досвід розробки спеціальних програм функціонування кластерів в КНР та Україні.
 Окрему увагу приділено питанню кооперації між Торгово-промисловою палатою (ТПП) і кластерами в КНР та в Україні.
 Визначено інституційно-правові засади функціонування організаційних форм інноваційної діяльності реального сектору економіки України та КНР, зокрема на прикладі індустріальних парків (у тому числі законодавчий пакет №№2554 а-д та 2555 а-д), а також кластерів. Розроблено пропозиції щодо особливостей подальшого їх створення, розвитку.

Diversification of innovation strategies of Polish industrial processing enterprises depending on their size after the global financial crisis

The purpose of this article is to define an innovation strategy for Polish industrial processing enterprises for 2012–2014, i.e. after a negative external shock which escalated in 2008–2010 and was associated with a global financial crisis. Various types of enterprises (small, medium, large), geographic scope of markets, forms of innovation activity of enterprises, decisions by enterprises regarding innovation implementation types, methods of product development and process innovations by enterprises, and forms of eco-innovation which are the most frequent in industrial processing, were studied as well as barriers to innovation. Overall, seven detailed research hypotheses were statistically verified using a chi-square test for independence. Subsequently, due to a high number of variables taken into account in the study as well as the necessity of providing a detailed description of the relationships between them, a correspondence analysis was employed. The analysis was aimed at reducing the multi-dimensional space where the studied phenomena occur to a space of fewer dimensions, in this case, to two dimensions. This allows for a careful examination of the co-occurrence of the phenomena using biplots. A relatively slight tendency of enterprises towards innovation was established as well as caution in its implementation, which may result from the relative persistence of the exogenous shock effects. At the same time, there is a clear tendency towards eco-innovation in a broader perspective, with a slow decrease – as presumed by enterprises – in the importance of barriers to innovation. Practical conclusions following from the study show the need to emphasize the benefits of innovation, especially eco-innovation, in pro-innovation policy, which will help to avoid the adverse effects of the external shock – psychological barriers and excessive caution in innovation planning and implementation. The article presents an original, unique, and comprehensive analysis of the relationships between sixty-three variables describing the innovation activity of enterprises. Therefore, the value of the article lies in an original and strictly empirical approach to the problems of innovation in the industrial processing sector, which means that the study presented in it might become a possible model for such analyses in the future.

Организация динамичного социального взаимодействия в процессе инновационной деятельности

The purpose of the article is to compare the classical principles of personnel management of a multifunctional team to maintain harmonious social and labor relations in the innovation process. Studies of various models show the necessity to consider the team of innovators as the most effective form of innovation activity, and the principles of Follett M. are most suitable for organizing dynamic social interaction in a team aimed at increasing the effectiveness of an innovative project. Implementation of collective responsibility for an innovative project that is carried out by a multifunctional team strengthens group interaction and promotes interpenetration and creation of new ideas. Leadership should be based not on power, but on the interaction of the leader and partners. In order to organize and develop social partnership, it is necessary to involve workers in management and replace enforcement with integration, which allows not only to strengthen joint actions, but also to resolve group conflicts.

METHODS AND FORMS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article deals with the methods and forms of innovation activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article also suggests the formation of an innovative type of economic development. The aim of the state innovation policy is a balanced production infrastructure, ensuring the predominance of competitive, high - tech products in various areas of production and areas of public administration. The article investigates that the following activities belong to innovative activity-introduction of new ideas and scientific knowledge in the sphere of management of society and performance and service of research, design, survey, developmental and technological works.

Innovation Forms and Firm Export Performance: Empirical Evidence from ECA Countries

Objective: The main objective of this paper is to verify empirically the relationship between various forms of innovation and export performance of firms from European and Central Asian (ECA) countries. Research Design & Methods: In our empirical approach we refer to the self-selection hypothesis derived from the Melitz (2003) model which proposed the existence of a positive relationship between firm productivity and the probability of exporting. We argue that innovation activities should be regarded as a key element that can increase the level of firm productivity. We focus our analysis on four forms of innovation activities: product, process, marketing, organizational and managerial innovation. The empirical implementation of our analytical framework is based on the probit model, applied to the fifth edition of the BEEPS firm level dataset covering 2011-2014. Findings: Our empirical results indicate that the probability of exporting is positively related to both product and process innovations. The marketing and managerial innovations do not seem to affect positively export performance of firms from ECA countries. Implications & Recommendations: It is recommended to develop innovation supporting mechanisms that would target both product and process innovations rather than other forms of innovation in the ECA countries. Contribution & Value Added: The originality of this work lies in the use of the multi-country firm level dataset that allows distinguishing between various forms of innovations in the ECA countries.

Promoting technology spillovers from trade and investments

Purpose– Trade and investment flows into less-advanced economies could bring about important technological spillovers that could boost firm-level productivity and bolster their long-term economic growth. However, learning by doing and various forms of innovation activities are typically underprovided in a laissez faire policy environment. This brief paper outlines some of the motivations for public sector interventions to support learning by doing and stronger technological spillovers. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– To accomplish this, the paper provides a brief discussion of three key areas for policy attention, covering: the features that make international production networks fertile platforms for these spillovers; the opportunities for technology spillovers in the services sector; and the challenges associated with policies to link SMEs into these sectors that are fertile ground for technology spillovers and innovation.Findings– This paper concludes by presenting a few possible guidelines on innovation and technology policy based on the lessons of industrialization attempts in the last several decades. A key insight tying these strategies together is that of creating incentives to compete and innovate, and ensuring that support is outcome oriented and temporary.Originality/value– This paper contributes to the literature and practitioner-oriented scholarship by providing a clear framework for thinking about how to promote technology spillovers from trade and investments, as part of new industrial policies.

Are differing forms of innovation complements or substitutes?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical analysis of whether differing forms of innovation act as complements or substitutes in Irish firms’ production functions.Design/methodology/approach – The approach adopted by this paper is empirical in nature. Data are obtained for approximately 582 firms from the Irish Community Innovation Survey 2004‐2006. In total, four forms of innovation activity are identified: new to firm product, new to market product, process and organisational innovation. Formal tests for complementarity and substitutability are applied to these types of innovation to assess whether they have a complementary effect on firms’ turnover.Findings – The results suggest that there is a substantial degree of complementarity among different forms of innovation. Out of six possible innovation combinations, three are complementary while none exhibits signs of substitutability.Social implications – From a business perspective, the importance of organisational change to facilita...

ECONOMIC UPTURN IN THE DISCOURSE OF THE TIME-SPACE PARADIGM

The paper gives consideration to specifics of spatial arrangement of new forms of innovation activity in conjunction with economic upturn. Actual trends regarding spatial development of the country have been substantiated.