Formation Of Various Components Research Articles

The Effectiveness of using Artificial Intelligence for Building Professional Competencies of Future Specialists in Art Majors in Higher Education Institutions

The research aims to study the impact of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in higher education institutions (HEIs) on building professional competencies of future art specialists. The research employed quantitative and qualitative methods (in particular, modeling methods, pedagogical experiments, and survey of respondents to assess the impact of AI tools on building professional competencies). The author’s definition of the concept of “professional competencies of art specialists” is proposed. Targeted tools were selected and used for building components of professional competencies. For example, VocalAnalysis AI tools were used to form the perceptual component — for students majoring in Musical Art; Art Vision AI — for students majoring in Fine Arts; ChoreoVision AI — for students majoring in Choreography. The results of the study show that students rated their level of ability to use AI as higher than medium. The questionnaire designed to study the impact of the use of AI on building professional competencies of future specialists in art majors, demonstrated a high level of agreement between the assessment of the impact of the use of AI tools on the formation of various components of professional competencies. Further research can be aimed at the development and testing of an algorithm for objective expert evaluation of specific AI tools for the implementation of art projects by students of the specified art majors.

Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic syndrome

The formation of metabolic changes is based on many factors. In particular, the infectious theory of the development of metabolic “breakdowns” has not lost its relevance. In this regard, many scientists are investigating the role of various microorganisms in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The review provides the results of current research on the role of Helicobacter pylori (as one of the most well-known and widespread bacterial pathogens) in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. However, the results of scientific work are sometimes contradictory, which dictates the need for novel further research to clarify the characteristics of the influence Helicobacter pylori on the formation of various components of the metabolic syndrome.

Seafarers’ Readiness to Communicate in Professional Environment

The topic of formation of seafarers’ foreign-language communicative competence has always been relevant. Modern changes in the organization of the educational process due to crisis events such as the pandemic and hostilities have prompted search for new ways to increase the efficiency of teaching English to future seafarers at higher education institutions. The purpose of the study was to determine the components of readiness to communicate in the professional environment. Methodological tools for diagnosing the formation of various components of students' readiness for communication in the foreign language were developed. Surveys were carried out to collect primary information as well as tests to assess the state of development of foreign language competence and to find out weaknesses and strengths in the communicative activity of students. The result of the research was the development of criteria for assessing the formation of readiness of future seafarers for foreign language communication in the professional environment. We have identified the following components in a theoretical and empirical way: motivational, cognitional, emotional, volitional, linguistic, and social. Empirical studies have shown that the active motivation of students is not sufficiently developed, while the motivation to learn the language is at a high level; thus, the development of readiness to act will become relevant for teachers. After identifying the components of communication that need to be formed, we came to the conclusion that teachers should be ready to form them, be ready for changes in approaches to teaching, have motivation and certain abilities to change and introduce innovations. Thus, we consider the process of forming readiness for communication in the relationship between the readiness of the teacher and that of the student.

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЙ МЕНТАЛИТЕТ КАК КОМПОНЕНТ РАЗВИТИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The introduction of digital technologies into the activities of modern organizations has an unprecedented impact on the sphere of work. New requirements are being imposed on the competencies and motivation of employees, as well as the development of human potential. In this connection, the research of professional mentality is becoming relevant in the digital economy. The article presents the results of a desk study of the essential understanding of professional mentality in the scientific literature. The method of bibliographic analysis was used as a research method. The article presents the results of a desk research of the essential understanding of professional mentality in the scientific literature. The method of bibliographic analysis was used as a research method. The results of the research showed that the topic of professional mentality development has been the subject of scientific discussions in various scientific fields and disciplines for several decades. However, aspects of the impact of digitalization of labor on the professional mentality are not given enough attention. In addition, the widespread introduction of digital technologies leads to the transformation of the mentality of representatives of various professions, which makes it possible to introduce the concept of "digital professional mentality" into scientific circulation. The results of the research have theoretical significance and necessitate further in-depth study of the impact of digitalization on the formation of various components of professional mentality.

Связь цифрового компонента обучения и развития детей дошкольного и школьного возраста: обзор исследований и международных образовательных практик

The relevance of the research is due to the increasing popularity of online learning and the lack of scientifically based criteria for analysing and designing new programs. The article provides an overview of international research and teaching practices on the following topics: the impact of Internet use on the mental development and academic results of children aged 5-12 years; the relationship between the use of various digital learning tools and the formation of various components of cognitive and communication development; the influence of the digital component of learning on students ' academic achievements; teaching children the basics of programming in order to form their computational thinking. In this study, the numbers of paperes related to the digital transformation of preschool and primary education were identified. The number of such articles for Scopus was 1709, and for Web of Science 984. Term maps were visualized in the period 2000–2020. The three clusters for Web of Science relate to the Internet, gaming learning applications, and computational thinking. After that, we analysed 60 sources that most fully represent these three clusters. The paper draws the following conclusions: to date, most studies are based on comparing the significance of the psychological and pedagogical effect of traditional training and education with the active use of digital technologies. There are few studies comparing different types of digital environments and online educational technologies; conflicting data on the impact of digital media and online technology on educational outcomes suggests that development of psycho-pedagogical typology of mechanisms for online learning that would take into account the peculiarities of interaction between child, teacher and digital environments, is urgently relevant; today, we have a fairly large array of data on the positive impact of digital gaming environments on the formation of creative abilities.

РОЛЬ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ ДІДЖИТАЛ-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У РОБОТІ МАРКЕТПЛЕЙСІВ

The study focuses on the importance of using digital technologies to ensure the sustainable development of marketplaces. It clarifies the definition of digital technology and establishes its essence as a socio-economic phenomenon. Highlights the importance of e-commerce, its products and players. Digital processes are analyzed and their conceptual role in sustainable development is described. The influence of different forms of digital technologies on the formation of various components of sustainable development in Ukraine is considered. The key role of sustainable development has been smart growth based on knowledge, innovation and inclusive solutions, which emphasizes the human role of digital technologies in the economies of socially oriented countries. In modern society, including Ukraine, the Internet environment is objectively becoming increasingly important for achieving marketing goals. The market model is relevant for many industries, as it is an easy way to expand your business without significantly increasing costs. World practice shows that most of the companies that become marketplaces are e-commerce players, large retailers, postal and logistics operators, financial institutions and IT companies. The relevance of the use of modern digital marketing tools, namely: marketplaces, has been studied. The concept of "marketplaces" is described, its types, main characteristics and advantages of application are highlighted. Highlight the main advantages, disadvantages and characteristics of its application in the development of e-commerce. To do this, it is recommended to assess the current state of development of Internet platforms in the domestic market and determine its future opportunities. Marketplaces is an e-commerce web platform that helps sellers and potential buyers find and interact with each other on the Internet. This model applies equally to sellers of goods and those who provide services. Of course, the e-commerce market today is one of the fastest growing. As a result, a variety of online stores and marketplaces quickly became popular, where you can find information about products and reviews from previous customers. So, in order to keep up with the times, trade organizations need to compromise, change their rules, revise the principles of doing business and learn new ways to sell goods and services.

Formation of Social and Legal Competencies of Future Social Workers in the Process of Preparation to Work with Young Families

The problem of professional training of future social workers in the context of formation of necessary knowledge, skills and abilities is actualized in the article. The views of scientists on the content of the notions of competency, competences and professional competency of social workers are considered. The author's definitions of “competency”, “competences”, “professional competency” and “social and legal competency” are also suggested. Professional competency is the formation of various components, a system of certain components and personality and psychological properties of the individual, which includes knowledge, skills, abilities, personal characteristics and organizational and pedagogical conditions for training future specialists. The main components of socio-legal competencies are identified: cognitive, activity-operative, motivational, personal and instrumental. It also identifies the types of social and legal knowledge that future social workers will receive in the course of their professional training and the skills and abilities of their professional activity. Knowledge of social and legal activity for work with young families was divided into types by the following criteria: socio-legal knowledge in the fields of law, socio-legal knowledge obtained by the degree of their hierarchy in legislation, socio-legal knowledge of the degree of formation, social and legal knowledge on the degree of use of the acquired information. In addition, the acquired knowledge and skills of social and legal activity, which is an activity-operational component of social and legal competency, are accordingly formed in relation to the acquired social and legal knowledge: individual organizational skills, skills and abilities in forecasting and design work, skills and counseling skills. An instrumental component of the formation of complex knowledge of social and legal activity is suggested where social design as a modern progressive tool for overcoming social problems in dealing with young families was highlighted. A social project called “Education for a Young Family” was developed. It is proved that without all the components, social and legal activity will not be fully implemented and social and legal competency will be impossible to develop.

Essential oils from Artemisia species inhibit biofilm formation and the virulence of Escherichia coli EPEC 2348/69

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli E2346/69 (EPEC) has caused foodborne outbreaks worldwide and the bacterium forms antimicrobial-tolerant biofilms. The anti-biofilm formation of various components of essential oils extracted from selected medicinal plants were investigated and tested on EPEC and wild strains of E. coli. Oils extracted from the family Asteraceae and their major common constituents at 0.031 and 0.062% (V/v) were found to significantly inhibit biofilm formation without affecting the growth of planktonic cells. In addition, three plants belonging to this family (Artemisia herba alba, Artemisia campestris and Artemisia absinthium) played important roles in the antimicrobial activity. Interestingly, their essential oils reduced the ability of E. coli (the EPEC and K12 strains) to form a biofilm. The crystal violet reduction assay showed that the plant extracts tested reduced biofilm formation with the inhibition of bacterial attachment up to 45% for EPEC and 70% for E. coli K-12 after 24 h treatment at 0.62 mg ml−1, demonstrating that Artemisia oils had a high anti-biofilm activity on the bacteria tested. The results indicate that the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) acquired by horizontal transfer promotes the formation of the attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion and increases the capacity of the photogen strain (EPEC) to form a biofilm. The chemical composition of the volatile compounds was obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, which showed that the essential oils consisted of thirty-four compounds. Chamazulene (39.21%), β-pinene (32.07%), and α-thujone (29.39%) were the main constituents of the essential oils of A. herba alba, A. absinthium and A. campestris, respectively.

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF FORMING MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY OF A SCHOOL GRADUATE

The article discusses the general characteristics of the concept of “media information literacy” and its components. The content of the methodological developments aimed at the formation of various components of media information literacy is analyzed, the possibility of their inclusion in the programs of classwork and extracurricular activities in informatics and mathematics is discussed. The results of the extracurricular activities aimed at the formation of one of the components of media information literacy — security in the information and media environment are presented.

IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS - PHILOLOGISTS IN THE LEXICOGRAPHICAL WORKSHOP

The article presents the concept of improving the professional competence of students-philologists within the framework of lexicographical workshop. The potential of dictionaries as a means of forming professional competence of students-philologists, in our opinion, is not fully realized in the practice of University teaching of linguistic disciplines. Dictionary materials as a linguistic and methodological resource are used mainly in the formation and improvement of "user" skills in the field of lexicography. Students are rarely involved in the compilation of vocabulary materials. The novelty of our concept is that we offer a comprehensive improvement of professional competence of the student-philologist on lexicographical material, and not only the skills of using dictionaries. The purpose of our study, implemented on the basis of Pskov University, was to substantiate this concept, to implement it in the framework of experimental training of students-philologists, to conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results of the experiment. This article presents the theoretical foundations of the concept, shows the specific methods of formation of various components of linguistic and cultural competence of students on lexicographical material. The results of experimental training, which are also given in the article, showed a significant increase in the level of professional competence of students, and thus confirmed the effectiveness of the developed model of lexicographic workshop.

A role of the LIN-12/Notch signaling pathway in diversifying the non-striated egg-laying muscles in C. elegans

The proper formation and function of an organ is dependent on the specification and integration of multiple cell types and tissues. An example of this is the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite egg-laying system, which requires coordination between the vulva, uterus, neurons, and musculature. While the genetic constituents of the first three components have been well studied, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the specification of the egg-laying musculature. The egg-laying muscles are non-striated in nature and consist of sixteen cells, four each of type I and type II vulval muscles and uterine muscles. These 16 non-striated muscles exhibit distinct morphology, location, synaptic connectivity and function. Using an RNAi screen targeting the putative transcription factors in the C. elegans genome, we identified a number of novel factors important for the diversification of these different types of egg-laying muscles. In particular, we found that RNAi knockdown of lag-1, which encodes the sole C. elegans ortholog of the transcription factor CSL (CBF1, Suppressor of Hairless, LAG-1), an effector of the LIN-12/Notch pathway, led to the production of extra type I vulval muscles. Similar phenotypes were also observed in animals with down-regulation of the Notch receptor LIN-12 and its DSL (Delta, Serrate, LAG-2) ligand LAG-2. The extra type I vulval muscles in animals with reduced LIN-12/Notch signaling resulted from a cell fate transformation of type II vulval muscles to type I vulval muscles. We showed that LIN-12/Notch was activated in the undifferentiated type II vulval muscle cells by LAG-2/DSL that is likely produced by the anchor cell (AC). Our findings provide additional evidence highlighting the roles of LIN-12/Notch signaling in coordinating the formation of various components of the functional C. elegans egg-laying system. We also identify multiple new factors that play critical roles in the proper specification of the different types of egg-laying muscles.

Further investigations on the effect of dietary manipulation of protein, phosphorus, and calcium for reducing their daily requirement for laying hens

Experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of reducing the daily requirement of laying hens for Ca, available P (AP), and protein by providing the hens with adequate levels of these nutrients only during those hours of the day that the physiological need for these nutrients for formation of various components of the eggs are increasing. The results of the Ca experiment indicated that the daily Ca requirement cannot be reduced by providing the hens with adequate levels of Ca during the afternoon (1500 to 2100 h) and inadequate Ca level during the morning (0500 to 1500 h). Providing the hens with most of the daily Ca need during the afternoon did not have a beneficial effect on shell quality as compared to the control group that received a diet with 3.5% Ca during the morning and the afternoon. On the other hand, inadequate Ca intake during the afternoon adversely affected shell quality as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The AP experiment indicated that egg production performance and shell quality can be maintained satisfactorily as long as the daily intake of AP is adequate, regardless of whether most of the AP is consumed during the morning or the afternoon. Egg production and shell quality of hens fed a diet with 0.4% AP during the morning and 0.1% AP during the afternoon or 0.1% AP during the morning and 0.4% AP during the afternoon were not different than the control group that received a diet with 0.25% AP during the morning and the afternoon. The results of two protein experiments failed to indicate that egg production performance of laying hens can be maintained satisfactorily by providing them with an adequate level of protein (16%) only during the morning and inadequate level of protein (10%) during the afternoon or, conversely, compared to the control group that received a diet with 16% protein both during the morning and afternoon (P < 0.05). The supply of adequate protein with sufficient amino acids, during the morning and the afternoon, was required for satisfactory maintaining egg production performance. Under the conditions selected for the conduct of this study, the results of the current experiments, combined with those of a previous report, failed to support the hypothesis that satisfactory performance may be maintained by providing the hens with adequate levels of protein, AP, and Ca only during those hours of the day when the physiological need for these nutrients for formation of various components of the egg are increasing.

Investigation on the possibility of reducing protein, phosphorus, and calcium requirements of laying hens by manipulation of time of access to these nutrients

Experiments (Exp.) were conducted to determine whether the daily requirement of laying hens for protein, P, and Ca can be reduced by providing the hens with adequate levels of these nutrients only during those hours of the day that the physiological need for these nutrients for formation of various components of eggs are increasing. In Exp. 1, birds of the positive control were fed a 16% protein diet and birds of the negative control were fed a 13% protein diet continuously during the light period (0500 to 2100 h). The other groups were fed the 16% protein diet during the morning (0500 to 1300 h) and the 13% protein diet during the afternoon (1300 to 2100 h) or vice versa. The design of Exp. 2 was similar to Exp. 1. The birds of the positive control were fed a 0.4% available P (AP) and the birds of the negative control were fed a 0.2% AP diet, with other groups receiving the high-low AP or the low-high AP diets during the morning and the afternoon, respectively. The birds of the negative controls in these Exp. had almost comparable performance to those fed the other dietary treatments. As a result, these Exp. did not have negative controls for comparison of different dietary treatments. Additionally, regardless of dietary treatments, birds consumed about 40% of their daily feed intake during the morning and about 60% during the afternoon in these Exp. Due to these two shortcomings, it was not possible to reach to a decisive conclusion pertaining to the objectives of the Exp. The results of Exp. 3 indicated that the above pattern of daily feed intake was not due to an increased appetite for Ca during the afternoon hours for shell formation. Various indices of shell quality were not improved when most parts of the daily Ca need was fed during the afternoon and evening and were not reduced when most parts of the daily Ca need was fed during the morning.

Overlapping mRNA transcripts of photosynthesis gene operons in Rhodobacter capsulatus

The crtEF, bchCA, and puf operons of the facultative phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus encode gene products that are necessary for the formation of various components of the photosynthetic apparatus. The crtEF operon encodes two enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, the bchCA operon codes for two enzymes of the bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic pathway, and the puf operon encodes four pigment-binding polypeptides as well as two polypeptides with less well understood functions. These three operons are adjacent to one another on the chromosome and are transcribed in the same direction. We present the results of RNA blotting and S1 nuclease protection end-mapping experiments which provide direct evidence that the mRNA transcripts of these three operons overlap. Therefore, it is likely that the crtEF, bchCA, and puf operons can be expressed as a single transcriptional unit, although RNA polymerase may initiate transcription at any of several promoters.