Message Format Research Articles

Features of studying a communicative discourse within a competence approach

The paper is devoted to the need to include tasks aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the extra-linguistic factors of the communication situation in the teaching aids. Understanding the external context will allow us to create the conditions for effective decision making based on the use of sociocultural experience. The author demonstrates that the introduction of contextual analysis with an emphasis on socio-psychological content will make the process of teaching foreign languages practical-oriented and will contribute to the formation of competencies necessary for foreign language communication. Particular emphasis is placed on the genre filling of speech. Since genres of communication are a verbal reflection of the types of social interaction of people. The speech genre is the norm necessary for the realization of a communicative goal within the framework of the chosen message format. The specificity of communication is due to the unique combination of socio-psychological elements that determine the nature of the relationship within it. The paper describes and analyzes the thematic and genre content, taking into account the psycho-emotional characteristics of speech in the framework of professional communication between the boss (Dr. Cuddy) and his subordinate (Dr. House). The study used methods: contextual, genre, cognitive-semantic and comparative analysis. The author demonstrates that contextual analysis is an effective way of forming and implementing value-semantic, cultural, educational, cognitive and informational competence. Since knowledge and understanding of the role of extra-linguistic factors in the communication process largely determine the success of communication and the degree of effectiveness of using various language tools and speech tactics and strategies. The inclusion in the educational and methodological complexes for teaching a foreign language of tasks aimed at analyzing an external context that is close to real will contribute to the implementation of new approaches to teaching foreign languages in higher education, the further implementation of new federal state standards, and contribute to the achievement of the main goal of teaching foreign languages - the formation of a secondary linguistic personality, ready for foreign language communication in a multicultural world in a pandemic circumstances.

Analysis of GOOSE message and the engineering application for GOOSE message in the intelligent substation

Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) message reflects the transmission of information between many intelligent electronic devices, which is more reliable as original data. The communication Ethernet opaque also leads to a big problem of information extraction analysis, limiting the development of state maintenance and other techniques. This study describes the process equipment and the network transmission technology of the intelligent substation and analyses the specified message format of IEC61850. The study then compares it with the characteristics of the typical intelligent substation message and gives the analysis method and the meaning of each byte in the actual message frame, making the communication network in the process layer more transparent and giving a clear direction of information acquisitions and analysis. It also provides some reference meanings to the intelligent substation communication and the equipment status analysis.

Incorporating Message Framing into Narrative Persuasion to Curb E-Cigarette Use Among College Students.

This study examines the interaction effect of message format (narrative vs. nonnarrative) and message framing (gain vs. loss) in e-cigarette prevention targeting young adults. Results of a two-way experiment (N = 439) revealed that transportation and discrete emotions mediated message effect on risk perception and behavioral intention. Compared to the gain-framed nonnarrative, the gain-framed narrative reduced feelings of guilt, and guilt was negatively related to risk perception and positively related to behavioral intention. Thus, the gain-framed narrative achieved desirable persuasive outcome through guilt-increasing risk perception and decreasing intention to use e-cigarette. Similarly, the loss-framed narrative evoked greater sadness, which also led to increased risk perception and decreased behavioral intention. Transportation and discrete emotions mediated message effect in a serial order. This research not only contributes to the literature on narrative persuasion and emotion, but also provides insight for health communication designed for e-cigarette prevention.

Robust Communication Protocol Over Lossy Network

A computer network is the infrastructure that allows two or more computers (called hosts) to communicate with each other. The network achieves this by providing a set of rules for communication, called protocols, which should be observed by all participating hosts. The need for a protocol should be obvious: it allows different computers from different vendors and with different operating characteristics to ‘speak the same language’. Communication protocols are formal descriptions of digital message formats and rules. They are required to exchange messages in or between computing systems and are required in telecommunications When two computer system (server and client) communicate with each other they may encounter data loss due to many obstructions like thick walls,jammers etc. these may cause the data packets to be lost while transmission. We used a protocol to minimize or avoid this loss. This can be done by intelligently routing the data packets via paths that are not jammed and time effective as well.If the messages or data packets are not delivered to the receiver the protocol will resend the data packet. If there is traffic means data packets are delayed due to some obstacles then the server will choose feasible route to deliver the data packets. We use random linear network coding (RLNC) based scheme for multipath communication in the presence of lossy links with different delay characteristics to obtain ultra-reliability and low latency. A sliding window version of RLNC is proposed where the coded packets are generated using packets in a window size and are inserted among systematic packets in different paths. The packets are scheduled in the paths in a round robin fashion proportional to the data rates. We use finite encoding and decoding window size and do not rely on feedback for closing the sliding window. Our implementation of two paths with LTE and WiFi characteristics shows that the proposed sliding window scheme achieves better latency compared to the block RLNC code. It is also shown that the proposed scheme achieves low latency communication through multiple paths compared to the individual paths for bursty traffic by translating the throughput on both the paths into latency gain.

A Road Monitoring Approach with Real-Time Capturing of Events for Efficient Vehicles Safety in Smart City

Nowadays, Internet-of-things (IoT) provides various services to the users by equipped with the smart devices. In this regard, the next generation of vehicles collaborates with the features of IoT to provide the safety and security on the roads. To achieve this, it equipped with short-range communication advances and establishes Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) connectivity. The standardized V2V connectivity and communication are termed as IEEE 802.11p. Later, an alternative named as (LTE-V2V) has been introduced. However, both the technologies are only concerned with the continuous broadcast of information and cooperative awareness. It only takes information from one vehicle in the format of text message and sends to another. In this regard, an efficient and satisfactory safety is not provided by these technologies for analysis of real-time road traffic monitoring. A clear observation of road conditions and awareness of event triggering is a necessary task rather than broadcasting of information provided by the vehicles. Therefore in this paper, we proposed a solution by providing the real-time information about road conditions and traffic scenarios to the users. We utilized the capturing images of road conditions by the positioned cameras and Global Positioning System in order to extract the information regarding vehicle and camera position. The proposed work provides a better security rather than message passing system in V2V communication. The users in our anticipated scenarios can extract and see a clear view of road conditions by use of captured videos/images. We offered an approach named as Smart Road Monitoring for IoT based smart cities to provide an effective solution for the real-time analysis of traffic road conditions. The proposed approach gives a clear view of conditions of the road to the users such that they can make a decision according to their suitability Our proposed solution well copes with the moderate traffic conditions and provides high satisfaction score. The performance analysis is done in a comparison of V2V and LTE-V2V in terms of various metrics. The simulation results show that our proposed work can achieve high performance in the provision of providing safety compared to other scheme introduced in this field.

Design of a Compact, Multifrequency, Multiconstellation GNSS Precise Point Positioning Correction Format

High-accuracy, high-precision global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been utilized by specialized user markets for over two decades. Traditional high-accuracy GNSS systems are not scalable as they require local infrastructure. Precise point positioning (PPP) is a GNSS position estimation technique that allows positioning and navigation with centimetre-level accuracy without local infrastructure. The caveat of PPP is the timely transmission of corrections to errors in the GNSS signals. Next-generation GNSS satellites such as Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS, and other local systems have plans to broadcast corrections for PPP services broadcast corrections for PPP services. However, since these services are expected to have limited channel capacity, the development of efficient formats for PPP corrections is needed. In this article, a messaging strategy for PPP corrections and testing its performance, in terms of data rate and obtained positioning accuracy, is proposed. Message formats in the literature require 522 bps or more to transmit corrections for 70 satellites. By contrast, the message format proposed in this article can transmit information corrections for more than 70 satellites using 52% of the standard satellite-based augmentation system channel's 212 bps capacity, while incurring less than 1 cm of positioning accuracy degradation.

기업 프레젠테이션의 순차통역 상황에서 연사와 통역사의 손짓의 사용 양상에 대한 비교 고찰

With the development of machine translation technology, the competitiveness of human interpreter needs to be further strengthened. In light of this, translating nonverbal message is more important than ever. Just like the speakers who make full use of nonverbal communication, interpreter also needs to pay attention to the importance of nonverbal communication. Of all the kinesics, the most frequently used is the hand gesture. The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the hand gesture of the speaker and that of the interpreter. For this reason, this paper set two questions. First, what hand the speaker and the interpreter use during consecutive interpreting for business presentation? Second, is the interpreter influenced by the speaker’s hand gesture? What is the difference or similarity between the hand gesture of the speaker and the interpreter? This paper attempts to analyze the hand gestures of both the speaker and the interpreter. The theoretical background for this analysis consists in the types of hand gesture invented by Morris. On the basis of hand gesture, three hand signals are described—deictic signals, baton signals, symbolic signals. The results are as follow: When the speaker and the interpreter explain the content of PowerPoint, they both use deictic signals or baton signals, and when describing specific words, they use similar symbolic signals. It is worth noting that if the speaker’s message is accompanied with hand gesture, the interpreter is ready to interpret the message with the same hand gesture. This means that the speaker's hand gesture influences the hand gesture of the interpreter, thus affecting the formation of message. This paper is limited to one case, so the scope of its research objects needs to be expanded. This paper demonstrates that interpreter uses the similar or different hand gesture as the speaker does and interpreter’s hand gesture would play an active role in the process of interpreting.

The Impact of Narrative Strategy on Promoting HPV Vaccination among College Students in Korea: The Role of Anticipated Regret.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy contributes to unsatisfactory vaccination coverage in Korea despite its high efficacy in preventing various diseases including cervical cancer. To enhance HPV vaccine uptake, effective communication with the public is key. To develop effective health promotion messages, this study examined the effects of message format on attitudes and intentions toward HPV vaccination, specifically focusing on anticipated action and inaction regrets. It employed a randomized experimental message design format (narrative versus didactic messages). A total of 222 Korean undergraduate students who had not received the HPV shot participated in the experiment. The results showed that didactic messages produce greater anticipated inaction regret, which further influences HPV vaccination attitudes and behaviors. Anticipated regret could potentially explain mixed narrative effects across health behaviors as described in existing literature.

Analisis Pesan Persuasif Kelompok Cyberprotest di Twitter

This study analysed persuasive messages by cyberprotest group on Twitter, especially in the case of Jaringan Masyarakat Peduli Pegunungan Kendeng (JMPPK) Rembang. Persuasive messages on Twitter were identified based on argument type, interaction type, and messages format. This study used elaboration likelihood model and quantitative content analysis method. The result of the study indicated that Twitter could be used as a persuasive communication space for protest groups. Central and peripheral route were facilitated by the features provided by Twitter.

A Values-Tailored Web-Based Intervention for New Mothers to Increase Infant Vaccine Uptake: Development and Qualitative Study.

BackgroundVaccine hesitancy among parents leads to childhood undervaccination and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable disease. As the reasons for vaccine hesitancy are diverse, there is often not enough time during regular clinical visits for medical providers to adequately address all the concerns that parents have. Providing individually tailored vaccine information via the internet before a clinical visit may be a good mechanism for effectively allaying parents’ vaccination concerns while also being time efficient. Including tailoring based on values is a promising, but untested, approach to message creation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the process by which we developed a Web-based intervention that is being used in an ongoing randomized controlled trial aimed at improving the timeliness of infant vaccination by reducing parental vaccine hesitancy.MethodsDevelopment of the intervention incorporated evidence-based health behavior theories. A series of interviews, surveys, and feedback sessions were used to iteratively develop the intervention in collaboration with vaccination experts and potential end users.ResultsIn all, 41 specific content areas were identified to be included in the intervention. User feedback elucidated preferences for specific design elements to be incorporated throughout the website. The tile-based architecture chosen for the website was perceived as easy to use. Creating messages that were two-sided was generally preferred over other message formats. Quantitative surveys identified associations between specific vaccine values and vaccination beliefs, suggesting that values tailoring should vary, depending on the specific belief being endorsed.ConclusionsUsing health behavior theories, qualitative and quantitative data, and significant expert and end user input, we created a novel, Web-based intervention to improve infant vaccination timeliness. The intervention is based on tailoring messages according to each individual’s values and beliefs. This intervention is currently being tested in a controlled randomized clinical trial.

Risk communication in tables versus text: a registered report randomized trial on 'fact boxes'.

Objectives: identifying effective summary formats is fundamental to multiple fields including science communication, systematic reviews, evidence-based policy and medical decision-making. This study tested whether table or text-only formats lead to better comprehension of the potential harms and benefits of different options, here in a medical context. Design: pre-registered, longitudinal experiment: between-subjects factorial 2 (message format) × 2 topic (therapeutic or preventative intervention) on comprehension and later recall (CONSORT-SPI 2018). Setting: longitudinal online survey experiment. Participants: 2305 census-matched UK residents recruited through the survey panel firm YouGov. Primary outcome measure: comprehension of harms and benefits and knowledge recall after six weeks. Results: fact boxes—simple tabular messages—led to more comprehension (d = 0.39) and slightly more knowledge recall after six weeks (d = 0.12) compared to the same information in text. These patterns of results were consistent between the two medical topics and across all levels of objective numeracy and education. Fact boxes were rated as more engaging than text, and there were no differences between formats in treatment decisions, feeling informed or trust. Conclusions: the brief table format of the fact box improved the comprehension of harms and benefits relative to the text-only control. Effective communication supports informed consent and decision-making and brings ethical and practical advantages. Fact boxes and other summary formats may be effective in a wide range of communication contexts.

Real-time retail payments system or faster payments: Implementation considerations

Real-time retail payments systems — otherwise known as low-value real-time retail payments, faster payments or immediate payments — are gaining momentum. This paper describes a framework to help countries, particularly developing countries, decide whether or not to implement such systems, and if so, the key considerations, such as settlement options, message formats, third-party access etc, would be very helpful for these countries.

The Effects of Fear Appeals and Message Format on Promoting Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviors among College Students

This study tested the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) by examining how fear mediated the effects of threat on individuals’ assessment of risk, which was neglected in many fear appeal studies. Second, this study treated efficacy as an existing perception, and explored the effects of varying levels of threat and efficacy on individuals’ behavioral intention. Furthermore, this study examined whether message format, such as narratives, played a role on individuals’ behavioral intention. Implications for the EPPM and health message development were discussed.

How do social media users process cancer prevention messages on Facebook? An eye-tracking study

ObjectiveThe quality of cancer-related information on social media (SM) is mixed, and exposure to inaccurate information may negatively affect knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. This study examines SM users’ attention to simulated Facebook posts related to cancer and identifies message features associated with increased attention. MethodsSM users (N = 53) participated in a mixed methods experimental study using eye-tracking technology, whereby participants’ dwell time on message components was measured. Stimuli conditions included message format (narrative/non-narrative), information veracity, source (organization/individual), and cancer topic (HPV vaccine and sunscreen safety). ResultsPixel-size adjusted analyses revealed that average dwell time was longer on posts attributed to individuals and on narrative-based posts. The source of the message received nearly the same amount of dwell time as the text. Dwell time on other message components did not significantly differ by condition. ConclusionThis study found that the source of a message attracted substantial attention, whereas other features were not associated with attention. The study illustrates how communication research can help us understand the processing of ubiquitous cancer-related messages on SM. Practical ImplicationsHealth communication practitioners should consider message features that garner attention when developing efforts to facilitate the exchange of evidence-based information and to mitigate the harms of misinformation.

Communicating and disseminating research findings to study participants: Formative assessment of participant and researcher expectations and preferences.

Translating research findings into practice requires understanding how to meet communication and dissemination needs and preferences of intended audiences including past research participants (PSPs) who want, but seldom receive, information on research findings during or after participating in research studies. Most researchers want to let others, including PSP, know about their findings but lack knowledge about how to effectively communicate findings to a lay audience. We designed a two-phase, mixed methods pilot study to understand experiences, expectations, concerns, preferences, and capacities of researchers and PSP in two age groups (adolescents/young adults (AYA) or older adults) and to test communication prototypes for sharing, receiving, and using information on research study findings. PSP and researchers agreed that sharing study findings should happen and that doing so could improve participant recruitment and enrollment, use of research findings to improve health and health-care delivery, and build community support for research. Some differences and similarities in communication preferences and message format were identified between PSP groups, reinforcing the best practice of customizing communication channel and messaging. Researchers wanted specific training and/or time and resources to help them prepare messages in formats to meet PSP needs and preferences but were unaware of resources to help them do so. Our findings offer insight into how to engage both PSP and researchers in the design and use of strategies to share research findings and highlight the need to develop services and support for researchers as they aim to bridge this translational barrier.

GrAMeFFSI: Graph Analysis Based Message Format and Field Semantics Inference For Binary Protocols, Using Recorded Network Traffic

Protocol specifications describe the interaction between different entities by defining message formats and message processing rules. Having access to such protocol specifications is highly desirable for many tasks, including the analysis of botnets, building honeypots, defining network intrusion detection rules, and fuzz testing protocol implementations. Unfortunately, many protocols of interest are proprietary, and their specifications are not publicly available. Protocol reverse engineering is an approach to reconstruct the specifications of such closed protocols. Protocol reverse engineering can be tedious work if done manually, so prior research focused on automating the reverse engineering process as much as possible. Some approaches rely on access to the protocol implementation, but in many cases, the protocol implementation itself is not available or its license does not permit its use for reverse engineering purposes. Hence, in this paper, we focus on reverse engineering protocol specifications relying solely on recorded network traffic. More specifically, we propose GrAMeFFSI, a method based on graph analysis that can infer protocol message formats as well as certain field semantics for binary protocols from network traces. We demonstrate the usability of our approach by running it on packet captures of two known protocols, Modbus and MQTT, then comparing the inferred specifications to the official specifications of these protocols.

Comparative Messaging, Learning and Forgetting: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Drug Detailing

A firm launching a new product in an existing category can leverage comparative messages to provide information to customers and to distinguish it from others. Incumbents, on the other hand, benefit less from comparative messaging as this could be interpreted as providing legitimacy to the entrant. In our empirical context in a pharmaceutical category, we see both incumbents and entrants employing comparative messages during their detailing visits. To incorporate the effects of comparative messaging, we develop a learning model of doctor prescription behavior. The model has three distinguishing features relative to the standard Bayesian learning framework. First, the information efficiency associated with the detailing visits differ across message formats (comparative vs. non-comparative) and brands. Second, comparative messages from competing brands can “jam” or disrupt a doctor’s learning of a drug’s quality. Finally, the doctors can “forget” the quality of a drug with the time elapsed from the last prescription. We estimate the model using a physician panel in a therapeutic category with one existing and two new drugs. We estimate the proposed model in a Hierarchical Bayesian framework. Counterfactual experiment characterizes the impact of banning comparative messages, a practice followed in many countries other than the U.S.

Неконвенциональное функционирование дискурсивных слов как маркеров автореференциальной агрессии в современной поэ­зии

The article examines the specifics of speech aggression in poetic communication. Special attention is paid to the unconventional functioning of discourse markers of aggression. The aim of the study is to analyse aggressive verbal behaviour in poetic communication and iden­tify distinctive characteristics of expressing aggression in everyday discourse. The research methodology includes methods of linguopragmatic, linguopoetic and discourse analyses. The author studies discourse markers of verbal aggression in poetic speech acts, where aggression can be expressed explicitly and implicitly. The study reveals specific strategies of expressing verbal aggression in poetic communication, which can include the self-referential criticism (through verbal aggression directed at the language of the poetic utterance, the actor of utter­ance, the poetic utterance as such and also the perceptual mechanism). The author studies the formation of aggressive message in poetic discourse and its subjectification.

ADS-B Based Wind Speed Vector Inversion Algorithm

Besides collecting and broadcasting aviation surveillance parameters, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is also a novel technique to sense and share meteorological information such as wind field with high update rate and accuracy. Many ADS-B devices on aircraft can construct a real-time and dynamic sensor network. Although the ADS-B message format reserves the items especially for wind information, few aircrafts broadcast these items at present. The current solution is to use the aircraft trajectory captured by ADS-B for wind vector inversion. Nevertheless, some algorithms still have some downsides, especially the stability in small-angle turning situations. This article is committed to developing a novel algorithm capable of working in both small and large angle turning situations with high efficiency, with an emphasis on small angle situations. By virtue of the algorithm in our recent research which is derived from the Particle Filter model, this algorithm takes advantage of circle geometry property and Euclidean distance standard deviation (STD). In the simulation test, the effect of true airspeed (TAS) difference on the mean absolute error of wind estimate, the effect of true wind speed on wind estimate, the effect of maneuver turning angle on wind estimate, and the computational complexity are assessed, respectively. Moreover, for real ADS-B data, both large and small-angle turning maneuver situations are tested and compared separately. Also compared is the level of the results concentration for the wind speed and TAS along with the geometric height. Consequently, the simulation and the real data test shows that the proposed STD algorithm has performance superior to other two algorithms LS and LM especially in the small-angle turning situation such as below 40deg. STD's performance is between other two algorithms in computational complexity. This property can help improve the algorithm's stability and data utilization for small-angle turning significantly, which is very useful in real aviation surveillance operations.

Sistem informasi nilai akademik mahasiswa menggunakan teknik json dan nfc

Higher education as an institution engaged in the field of science can take advantage of technological developments. One of them is in terms of flexibility and efficiency of students in accessing the data they need related to academic activities in higher education such as student value information. This study aims to make it easy for students to be able to access value information easily. The development model used in this study is a prototype by making an application using NFC and JSON technology as a message format. This research was conducted at STIKOM Binaniaga Bogor with 60 students as samples of application trial subjects. The results of the analysis showed 85.63% of the level of appropriateness of the application, it shows with NFC technology and the application can facilitate students in getting information on student academic values.