Attachment Formation Research Articles

‘Roots’ tourists' personal heritage experience: An extended cognitive-affective-conative model

The analytical framework of the cognitive-affective-conative (CAC) model was utilized in this study to explore the cognitive and emotional responses of tourists to the historical places they visit. This approach considers how tourists perceive their ancestral place, how much they care about it, and how likely they are to return or recommend it to others. The relationships among perceived existential authenticity, place attachment, and loyalty were empirically tested. Specifically, this study focused on how the sacredness that such tourists feel affects their behavior according to the CAC model. Roots tourists who visited the memorial garden in Shanxi Province, called Dahuaishu, answered a set of structured questions. The results revealed that the existential authenticity perceived by roots tourists significantly influenced their place attachment and loyalty. Roots tourists' sense of sacredness moderated the perceived existential authenticity of their place attachment relationship such that there was a stronger relationship for roots tourists with a higher sense of sacredness. Roots tourists’ sense of sacredness moderated place attachment in their loyalty relationship, such that there was a stronger relationship for roots tourists with a higher sense of sacredness. This study provides planning suggestions for the Dahuaishu Ancestor Memorial Garden. It is important for the marketing and development of roots tourist destinations to promote tourism by paying attention to the individual feelings of tourists, understanding the process of attachment formation of roots tourists, and enhancing their loyalty.

Artificial Intelligence in Human Growth and Development: Applications Through the Lifespan

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications influence human growth and development across the lifespan. This article provides a conceptual model that shows significant AI applications and their influence from prenatal to maturity using Erikson's psychosocial stages as a framework. AI influences development through diverse avenues, encompassing diagnosis, attachment formation, social skill acquisition, relationship dynamics, and caregiver support. The effects of AI interventions can be perceived as advantageous, contentious, and as raising a multitude of ethical considerations. Consequently, we propose avenues for future research endeavors to further investigate the intersection of AI and human growth and development within counseling contexts.

EFFECT OF KANGAROO MOTHER CARE (KMC) ON THE FORMATION OF MATERNAL-INFANT ATTACHMENT BETWEEN MOTHERS AND PREMATURE BABIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: Nursing care of premature babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) setting can inhibit the maternal-infant attachment. One of the evidence-based interventions for premature babies is Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC). KMC needs to be further studied and researched through a review of previous articles to ensure the effectiveness of that implementation. However, there is a very limited review that specifies the effect of KMC on the formation of maternal-infant attachment. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of KMC on maternal-infant attachment between mothers and premature babies. Design: The design of this study uses a literature review. Data Sources: Initial searches of journal articles were performed on the Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL search databases. The study found 676 articles but only 7 journal articles that met the search inclusion criteria. Review Methods: A literature review procedures were used to collect library data, reading and taking notes, as well as critical assessment of managing research materials. Results: The results of this review showed that KMC has been shown to have a positive impact on improving attachment status and resulting in a lower risk of bonding failure between mothers and premature babies. Conclusion: It is recommended that health workers can provide treatment using KMC as an intervention to improve the formation of maternal-infant attachment between mothers and premature babies. The policies related to the implementation of KMC as standard operating procedures are also important.

Killing off the good little boy: transition as a solution to the problems of separation from the primary object

ABSTRACT This paper explores clinical work concerning a group of gender-questioning natal males who experienced physical difficulties in childhood. The author argues that these individuals develop a transgender (trans) identity as a defence mechanism against the psychological challenges associated with development, particularly the struggles of forming a distinct mind and identity. Anxieties related to physical health may have contributed to the formation of an anxious attachment to their primary caregiver, perceived as intrusive and demanding. Moreover, these individuals struggle to identify with their fathers, often experiencing them as distant, absent, or unsupportive of their relationship with the mother or other primary caregiver, thereby hindering separation from the primary attachment figure. These early experiences may lead to difficulties in acknowledging and owning their evolving sexuality and aggression, as well as in bearing the necessary guilt associated with separating from the primary caregiver. Consequently, the individual may fantasise about relinquishing identification with an idealised version of themselves and replacing it with a liberated version capable of living autonomously. Through a composite case, the paper illustrates how these conflicts manifest in the therapeutic setting through transference dynamics. Themes explored include gender dysphoria, confusion, adolescence, and transition.

Exploring emotion regulation mechanisms and attachment styles in individuals with childhood traum

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and attachment styles, as well as emotional regulation strategies. Data were collected using valid questionnaires examining Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein & Fink (2003), Attachment Style scale by Becker & Gilbert (1997) and Emotion Regulation scale by Gross and John (2003). A sample of 150 participants aged 18 to 30 years was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests. The analysis revealed a significant correlation between childhood trauma and the use of expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy. Individuals with trauma tended to rely more on suppression than cognitive reappraisal. Additionally, anxious and avoidant attachment styles were predominant among participants with childhood trauma, suggesting disruptions in attachment formation due to childhood trauma. In conclusion, childhood trauma significantly influences attachment styles and emotion regulation strategies in individuals.

Histological evaluation of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with and without the use of sodium hypochlorite / amino acids and cross-linked hyaluronic acid gels in dogs

ObjectivesTo evaluate periodontal wound healing following scaling and root planing (SRP) in conjunction with the application of sodium hypochlorite/amino acids and cross-linked hyaluronic acid (xHyA) gels in dogs.Materials and MethodsIn four beagle dogs, 2-wall intrabony defects were created and metal strips were placed around the teeth. Clinical parameters were measured 4 weeks after plaque accumulation. The experimental root surfaces were subjected to SRP with either the subgingival application of a sodium hypochlorite/amino acid gel and a xHyA gel (test group) or SRP alone (control group) using a split-mouth design. Clinical parameters were re-evaluated at 6 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks for histological analysis.ResultsThe test group showed significant improvements in all clinical parameters compared to the control group. Histologically, the test group exhibited statistically significantly greater new bone formation [i.e., length of newly formed bone, new bone area] compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, statistically significantly greater formation of new attachment [i.e., linear length of new cementum adjacently to newly formed bone with inserting collagen fibers] and new cementum was detected in the test group compared with the control group at 8 weeks (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively).ConclusionThe adjunctive subgingival application of sodium hypochlorite/amino acid and xHyA gels to SRP offers an innovative novel approach to enhance periodontal wound healing/regeneration.Clinical relevanceThe present findings have for the first-time shown histologic evidence for periodontal regeneration in support of this novel treatment modality.

The relationship between attachment representations and minimal intergroup bias in preschool-aged children.

Attachment theory proposes that young children's experiences with their caregivers has a tremendous influence on how children navigate their social relationships. By the end of early childhood, intergroup contexts play an important role in their social life and children build strong ties to their ingroups. Although both domains relate to the same psychological processes-children's affective ties to others-surprisingly very little research has addressed how children's attachment relates to their intergroup attitudes and behavior. In this study, we investigate the link. For that purpose, 5-year-old children (n=100) first underwent the German Attachment Story Completion Task (GEV-B). Then we allocated children into minimal groups based on T-Shirt color and assessed their intergroup attitudes and intergroup behavior. Results showed that while most children showed a strong and robust ingroup bias in their attitudes and behavior, children with an insecure-ambivalent attachment representation treated in- and outgroup similarly. Overall, this study provides novel perspectives on the relationship between children's attachment representation and their interactions in the social world. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: This study provides novel insights into the relationship between children's attachment security and the development of intergroup bias in a minimal group context Children with secure, insecure-avoidant and disorganized attachment representation showed a strong intergroup bias in explicit attitudes and behavior Children with insecure-ambivalent attachment representation displayed no intergroup bias Insecure-ambivalent attachment representations might be detrimental to the formation of ingroup attachment.

Effects of Bipolaris yamadae strain HXDC-1-2 as a bioherbicide against Echinochloa crus-galli in rice and dry fields.

Barnyardgrass (Weed Science Society of America recommended) or Barnyard grass (Britannica recommended) (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) is one of the most problematic and dominant weeds in world agricultural systems, especially in paddy fields, where tillering and grain yield can be reduced by 50-70% because of its competitive pressure. The frequent use of chemical herbicides to control E. crus-galli has led to the evolution of herbicide resistance. Developing bioherbicides using pathogenic fungi to control E. crus-galli could be an alternative option. In a previous study we showed that a strain of Bipolaris yamadae (HXDC-1-2) was promising in controlling gramineous weeds. Here we present a study that evaluated this fungus as a mycoherbicide against E. crus-galli in greenhouse and paddy fields, characterized mycelium growth and conidial production, and examined the infection development. The median effective dose (ED50) and 90% effective dose (ED90) values of microcapsulated B. yamadae strain HXDC-1-2 on E. crus-galli in the greenhouse were 7.17 × 102 and 9.35 × 103 conidia mL-1, respectively. Conidial germination, mycelial growth, and attachment formation occurred on E. crus-galli leaves within 1 to 6 h. The hyphae directly invaded cells and stomata, primarily from the appressorium on the epidermis, and necrotic lesions were observed on the leaf surface within 20 to 24 h. Applied to E. crus-galli plants at 1 × 105 conidia mL-1, the fungus reduced the weed's fresh weight of 75%. B. yamadae strain HXDC-1-2 has the potential to be developed as a bioherbicide against E. crus-galli plants, especially in rice fields. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cervical enamel projections from a periodontal perspective: A scoping review.

Cervical enamel projections (CEPs) represent a unique developmental and anatomical anomaly wherein the enamel structure extends apically beyond the cemento-enamel junction of the tooth. In this scoping review, the existing literature on CEPs was evaluated to delineate their characteristics, prevalence, predilection for specific teeth and surfaces, clinical significance, and management approaches. Searches were conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Embase databases using the keywords "enamel projection(s)" or "ectopic enamel." In total, 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria were included in the review. The prevalence of CEPs varied widely (8.3%-85.1%), predominantly manifesting as grade I or grade III. Mandibular first and second molars exhibited a higher incidence of CEPs, with a notable predilection for buccal surfaces. The consensus in most studies was that CEPs are associated with localized periodontal diseases. Recommendations inclined toward the removal of ectopic enamel during periodontal surgery to enhance periodontal attachment formation. However, decision-making should involve careful consideration of the benefits and drawbacks based on individual circumstances.

Reconstructive Approach in Residual Periodontal Pockets with Biofunctionalized Heterografts-A Retrospective Comparison of 12-Month Data from Three Centers.

The regenerative capacity of well-preserved blood clots may be enhanced by biologics like enamel matrix derivative (EMD). This retrospective analysis compares outcomes reported by three centers using different heterografts. Center 1 (C1) treated intrabony defects combining cross-linked high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (xHyA) with a xenograft; center 2 (C2) used EMD with an allograft combination to graft a residual pocket. Center 3 (C3) combined xHyA with the placement of a resorbable polymer membrane for defect cover. Clinical parameters, BoP reduction, and radiographically observed defect fill at 12-month examination are reported. The 12-month evaluation yielded significant improvements in PPD and CAL at each center (p < 0.001, respectively). Analyses of Covariance revealed significant improvements in all parameters, and a significantly greater CAL gain was revealed for C2 vs. C1 (p = 0.006). Radiographic defect fill presented significantly higher scores for C2 and C3 vs. C1 (p = 0.003 and = 0.014; C2 vs. C3 p = 1.00). Gingival recession increased in C1 and C3 (p = 1.00), while C2 reported no GR after 12 months (C2:C1 p = 0.002; C2:C3 p = 0.005). BoP tendency and pocket closure rate shared similar rates. Within the limitations of the study, a data comparison indicated that xHyA showed a similar capacity to enhance the regenerative response, as known for EMD. Radiographic follow-up underlined xHyA's unique role in new attachment formation.

부모와의 상호작용과 또래애착에서 정신건강과 공동체의식의 매개효과

Objectives This study analyzed whether the mediating effect of mental health and sense of community was sig-nificant in the relationship between parents-children interaction and peer attachment of mid. adolescents, and whether having the multiple mediating effects of parents-children interaction on peer attachment through mental health and sense of community.&#x0D; Methods For the purposes, 6,429 cases, taken from the 7th wave data(high school 2nd year) of KELS2013 were used. A survey of parents-children interaction, mental health, sense of community, and peer attachment was conducted. Bootstrapping analysis was performed using the SPSS Macro Process to examine the mediating effects.&#x0D; Results The direct effects of parents-children interaction, mental health, and sense of community on peer at-tachment were significant. The each mediating effect of mental health and sense of community was significant in the relationship between parents-children interaction and peer attachment. As s result of analyzing the multiple mediators of mental health and sense of community in the effect of parents-children interaction on peer attach-ment, a sequential multi-mediation functions appeared between the two variables.&#x0D; Conclusions Parents-children interaction influences mid. adolescents’s peer attachment formation through bol-stering mental health and sense of community. This implies that mental health counseling and sense of commun-ity training helps the formation of the mid. adolescents’s peer attachment.

Scanning electron microscopic analysis of 5% glycolic acid as a novel alternative to 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in root biomodification: An in vitro study.

Nonsurgical periodontal therapy results in the formation of a smear layer which inhibits tissue regeneration. Root biomodification (RB) using various agents has been tried for the enhancement of new attachment formation. However, no substantial therapeutic advantages of currently available root conditioning agents have been reported emphasizing the need for additional biologically acceptable agents. Glycolic acid (GA) due to its antimicrobial nature and ability of initiation and proliferation of fibroblasts may potentially modify root surface enabling regeneration. Eighty specimens from 40 single-rooted teeth were treated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 5% GA and scanning electron microscopy analysis was done. The micrographs were examined for the evaluation of smear layer removal, total number of dentinal tubules, total number of patent dentinal tubules, mean diameter and surface area of dentinal tubules, and dentin erosion. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t-test for intergroup comparison. The efficacy of smear layer removal (P = 0.01) and dentin erosion (P = 0.042) was significantly better in the GA group. Both the groups showed no difference in dentinal tubule-related parameters. GA showed improved RB with greater smear layer removal and lesser dentin erosion, indicating its use as a potent alternative to the conventional EDTA root conditioning.

Changes in the formation of attachment of expectant mothers to infants, and the association with perinatal high-risk factors at a comprehensive perinatal and maternal health center

Changes in the formation of attachment of expectant mothers to infants, and the association with perinatal high-risk factors at a comprehensive perinatal and maternal health center

Aspects of Place Meaning in Heritage Tourism (Case Study: Rumah Balai Ujung Tanjung, Tanjungbalai City, Indonesia)

Tourism is one of the industries that can improve the welfare of the people in an area, one.of.which is heritage.tourism. Visits to heritage tourism are one of the fastest growing tourist activities, so heritage tourism is an asset that should be developed by each region. In heritage tourism, there is a place attachment. Place attachment is a bond made by humans with a place. One aspect of the formation of place attachment is the meaning of place. A historical tourist attraction that has a place attachment is the Rumah Balai Ujung Tanjung Tanjungbalai. This study aims to analyze aspects of the meaning of the place owned by Rumah Balai. The.research.method used in this.research is a concurrent mixedmethod. The results of the analysis carried out stated that the aspect of the meaning of the place owned by Rumah Balai Ujung Tanjung is still low and this can be improved by increasing aspects of physical characteristics and aspects of social interaction. So that it can increase the number of visitors who come.

Deciphering the impacts of environmental perceptions on place attachment from the perspective of place of origin: A case study of rural China

From the novel perspective of place of origin, this study theoretically addresses how environmental perceptions that vary with the means of human-place interaction affect place attachment. Focusing on China's inland villages as shared places of origin for stayers, outmigrants and returnees and using structural equation modeling, we empirically examine the impacts of perceptions of social, economic and governance environments on village attachment. We confirm that environmental perception is fundamental for place attachment formation. Specifically, the perception of an improving environment strengthens attachment, while that of a deteriorating environment weakens it, as shown by the positive impact of the perception of an increasingly better economic environment on the level of village attachment and the negative impact of a gradually loosening social environment on such attachment. The degree and significance of the impact largely depend on the closeness of people-environment interactions, which are mediated by people's satisfaction with the environment. These outcomes are evidenced by stayers' attachment level not being significantly weakened by the negative perception of the rural social environment and outmigrants' attachment level being significantly weakened by this perception. Stayers' attachment level is not significantly strengthened by the positive perception of the rural economic environment, while outmigrants' attachment level is significantly strengthened by this perception. The functionalism of environmental perception is evidenced by the greater contribution of nonagricultural development to the impact of economic environmental perception on village attachment, especially for returnees, and the greater contribution of emotional support to the impact of social environmental perception, especially for outmigrants.

아동기 학업스트레스가 학업적 실패내성에 미치는 영향

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of childhood academic stress on academic failure tolerance, and to examine the moderating effect of father-child attachment in this relationship.&#x0D; Methods: We analyzed the data of 1,145 children who participated in the 12th wave survey for the Korean Children’s Panel Study, which was established by the Childcare Policy Research Institute. Using Process macro (Hayes, 2013), multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: Childhood academic stress showed a negative impact on academic failure tolerance. In addition, the moderating effect of father-child attachment was found. The regression lines for each group classified according to the level of father-child attachment showed different slopes, indicating the higher the attachment, the smaller negative effect of academic stress. Conclusions: The results confirm a moderating effect of father-child attachment, which mitigates the negative impact of childhood academic stress on academic failure tolerance. Based on the results of this study, policy and practical implications for promoting father-child attachment formation are discussed.

Performance of an innovative personalized ventilation mode based on air attachment under non-isothermal air supply conditions

In view of the shortcomings of traditional personalized ventilation method, an innovative mode of personalized ventilation was explored in this study. To investigate the performance of the personalized ventilation mode, velocity field measurements were performed to examine the impact of the supply air temperature on the airflow distributions, and a tracer gas system was used to test the fresh-air ratio in the breathing zone. The results show that the critical supply air velocity increases as a function of the supply air temperature and that the position height of the air attachment formation is a decreasing function of the supply air temperature. The fresh-air ratio in the breathing zone was significantly correlated with the formation and height of the attachment. Furthermore, the higher the position of the air attachment formation, the greater the breathable fresh-air ratio. The breathable fresh-air ratios were 83.3 %, 82.3 % and 84.1 % at supply air velocities of 0.3 m/s, 0.4 m/s and 0.5 m/s, respectively, and a supply air temperature of 17 °C. Compared with the traditional air supply method, the ventilation effectiveness of the the air dress personalized ventilation(ADPV) method in this study is highest. Irritation in the eyes was weaker than that in other areas. Irritation in the lips and nose was an increasing function of the supply air velocity, and no obvious connection with the supply air temperature. Furthermore, the supply air velocity and temperature significantly influenced the sensation in the upper body; however, no obvious influence was observed on the sensation in the lower body. It was verified that the ADPV method was able to satisfy the requirements of human comfort and the breathable air quality simultaneously.

영유아교사의 스트레스 대처 유형에 따라 성인애착이 자기자비에 미치는 영향의 차이

The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in the adult attachment and self-compassion l evels of early childhood teachers according to their stress coping style, the effect of adult attachmen t on self-compassion, and differences in the effect of adult attachment on self-compassion in early c hildhood teachers according to their stress coping style. The survey was conducted with 490 early c hildhood teachers who had been working as homeroom teachers or assistant teachers at daycare cen ters and kindergartens in Korea. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program with descriptive s tatistics, frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé's post hoc test, and the Pearson product-mo ment correlation coefficient. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis and multiple group analysis wer e performed using the AMOS 25.0. The results of this study are as follows: First, regarding the diff erences between adult attachment and self-compassion levels in the early childhood teachers, signific ant differences were found according to their stress coping styles, including task-oriented, emotion-o riented, and avoidance-oriented styles. Adult attachment levels showed significant differences in emo tion-, task-, and avoidance-oriented styles. Self-compassion levels also showed significant difference s in all three types. Second, the adult attachment levels of the survey participants with task- and a voidance-oriented coping styles showed a significant positive effect on self-compassion. In addition, the effect of the early childhood teachers’ adult attachment on self-compassion showed a significant difference according to their stress coping style; the adult attachment of the group with a task-orien ted coping style had a greater effect on self-compassion than that with an avoidance-oriented copin g style. This implies that the formation of stable adult attachment in early childhood teachers increa ses self-compassion levels and that task-oriented coping style further enhances such an effect.

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect.

Parents' psychological stress during the perinatal and neonatal periods continues to increase in an environment of declining birthrates, aging populations, and shrinking family sizes. The increase in child abuse and neglect cases, most likely by inexperienced and insufficiently knowledgeable parents, necessitates education on childcare and intervention techniques in nursing and midwifery training. In particular, attachment formation early in life between mother and infant is crucial. To accurately teach sensitive and comprehensive information on intervention techniques for mother-child attachment formation, realistic videos, and educational materials are necessary. Although pseudoeducational materials are available, they might be limited in explaining complex realism, particularly to support breastfeeding that involves both parents and child and that encourages interaction between the two. In a previous study in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) model, we experimentally controlled infant feeding and nurturing through 24 h of constant sensing and collected 1 month of quantitative data on psychological indices that possibly translated to psychological development. Age-dependent dynamic visualization of these data by multivariate analyses inferred causal relationships between early parental feeding and psychobiological rhythm formation. In the same primate model, we identified a spontaneous case of breastfeeding failure in which the father inhibited his neonatal infant's feeding and the mother appeared to abandon nurturing, leading to clinically significant weight loss in the infant. Thus, we explored intervention techniques to promote mother-infant interaction. The mother was trained to allow the infant to spontaneously explore her breast. Initially, the mother refused to display the feeding pose potentially due to pain associated with breast engorgement. Massage was used to soften the breast and feeding was reintroduced. We hypothesize that activation of instinctive attachment formation mechanisms by encouraging spontaneity in each parent and child is the key to successful feeding intervention.

Making secret hiding places: An occupation of childhood

ABSTRACT Place-making refers to the emotional attachment people have to a place and has been adopted as a concept in occupational science. In this paper, Relph’s perspective on place-making is associated with how place-making has been discussed in occupational science. Relph’s viewpoint serves as a basis for understanding secret hiding places from children’s perspectives. During data collection for a study investigating children’s perceptions of inclusive playgrounds (Wenger et al., 2021), secret hiding places were a recurring topic. This paper aims to explore secret hiding places from the children’s perspective, with a special focus on place-making. To accomplish this, a literature review was undertaken and findings combined with data from two previously conducted studies using qualitative content analysis. From the analysis three categories were developed describing the making of secret hiding places, the purpose of secret hiding places, and play occupations that children do in secret hiding places. The findings suggest that place-making can be seen as an occupation of childhood, related to the physical construction of the secret hiding place itself and the formation of attachment to the place through occupations that are shaped by social interactions and result in meaningful experiences.