Form Of Participant Observation Research Articles

Dynamics of collaborative governance of actors in palm oil fresh fruit bunch price setting

The second goal of Sustainable Development (SDGs) is the realization of sustainable agriculture to reducing hunger and achieve food security. One of the indicators of sustainable agriculture is social equality which includes fairness in access to information and market access. However, in practice, in realizing social justice, many smallholders cannot access information and markets, resulting in social inequality. Especially in Riau Province, which is the largest palm oil producer in Indonesia, contradictory conditions exist in the trading system for palm oil fresh fruit bunches (FFB), which still leaves independent farmers with many problems. They do not get prices according to government regulations because they have not entered into a partnership with the Palm Oil Company (POC). To overcome this problem, the Riau Provincial Government formed a partnership palm oil pricing team involving the private sector, community, academics and the press. The aim of this research is to create dynamics of collaborative governance in determining prices for palm oil FFB in Riau Province in order to achieve justice in sustainable agriculture. This research uses a postpositivist approach with descriptive qualitative methods. Using data collection techniques in the form of participant observation and indepth interviews can offer alternative solutions to the problem of inequality in justice for independent farmers. The findings reveal that the dynamics of collaboration between parties, joint motivation to collaborate and equitable pricing, and there is a capacity for joint action in the pricing of oil palm FFB in Riau Province. These three factors have proven effective in providing open access to information and markets for independent partners and nonpartner oil palm smallholders in Riau Province.

The significance of football in an urban mosaic

PurposeThis study aims to add to the understanding of the significance of football in cities, where most major football clubs are located. Specifically, this study offers a distinctive perspective on what might be regarded as “football cities” by the study's mobilisation of theories of the urban mosaic, the calculable city and identity. This study contributes to the emergent field of popular culture (Jeacle, 2012) and, within this field of popular culture, the significance of soccer. The particular setting of this study is the city. This paper is a contribution to the established accounting literature on city studies but within the neglected study of football in cities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper's focus is on the significance of football clubs in one city. The theoretical approach adopted is a blending of studies of the urban mosaic (Timms, 1975), the calculable city (Lapsley et al., 2010) and the established trend of identification studies in accounting. This investigation was undertaken in the city of Edinburgh by observation of football in city life. This research is a form of participant observation in which the author lived in the city in this study. The researcher undertook interviews with key actors in both football clubs and city management, made use of local media and scrutinised publicly available documents on both the clubs and the city administrations.FindingsThis research reveals the importance of the city mosaic in explaining the limited significance of football in this city. This approach underlines the merits of contextual studies. However, the evidence presented also reveals the presence of strong identity relationships between football clubs and the clubs' fans. These results reveal an internal perspective on city management and the activities of football clubs and the clubs' host city. The presence of multiple football clubs in a single city offers more diffuse identity relationships, with football clubs fostering stronger identification with the club than with the city. There is also evidence of single, dual and multiple identity relationships in this study which contrasts with the single identity perspectives of prior accounting research.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus of this paper is on the research question posed in the Call for Papers - Is there a Soccer Society? The findings of this study offer only limited evidence of a soccer society.Practical implicationsThere is a need to study other cities with football clubs to determine those which are mosaics and those which are dominated by football.Social implicationsThis a study which embraces the importance of social context in finding meaning in accounting research. This paper introduces the novel concept of the city mosaic which is a novel way of understanding different city contexts.Originality/valuePrior research on football has examined fans' behaviour, financial crises at football clubs and governance structures. This paper extends these earlier analyses by addressing the social context of football clubs in the city. Whilst most accounting research revealed rapid changes in identity during reforms, this study reveals a more complex relationship which aims to build continuity and commitment of fans' identity with the bigger football clubs in this city.

Implementation of Flipped Classroom as Student-Centered Learning Implementation in Awatara Learning of 7 Grade At SMP Negeri Satap 2 Kintamani

Talking about learning and teaching certainly cannot be separated from how skilled an educator is in developing learning strategies. This also applies to all subjects taught, one of which is Hinduism. Learning Hinduism aims to build morals and virtuous behavior through the guidelines of the holy book, namely the Vedas, so this causes many educators in the field of Hinduism to only focus on conveying teachings from the Vedic scriptures, especially the story of Avatar by delivering material through the lecture method. without paying attention to the interests of their students. Even though in this era of globalization, children are often easily influenced by foreign cultures so interest in exploring their own beliefs is reduced, and each student has a variety of learning styles. The ability of educators to design learning strategies greatly influences students' interest in Hinduism lessons and students can internalize and deepen the moral values that are learned through the learning process they go through, one of which is by implementing flipped classrooms as an implementation of student-centered learning in Avatara learning for learning experiences which is more meaningful. This research is qualitative in nature with data collection methods in the form of participant observation. The results obtained are that through the flipped classroom students can train their creative thinking skills well and can create innovations based on moral values obtained from Avatara learning. The conclusion from this study is that flipped classes can be a solution to teaching strategies for learning Avatara material as the application of student learning centered for a meaningful learning process amid the demands of teachers who must understand the diverse student learning styles.

Empowering The Papring Community Through The Jemparing Wangi Program Towards Social Transformation

Community empowerment is carried out to facilitate vulnerable communities to gain access to resources. Community empowerment efforts can be carried out by the government, companies, or from the community itself. Access to capacity building, infrastructure, and regular assistance can encourage community independence. However, community empowerment efforts are not necessarily able to make the community independent. This study aims to see the best practice of community empowerment in the Jemparing Wangi Program by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Tanjung Wangi in Papring. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study explain that community empowerment activities by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Tanjung Wangi in Papring are able to encourage independent communities. This is shown by the independence of the community through the ability of community groups to manage natural resources in their area in a sustainable manner.

IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BAGI SISWA TUNARUNGGU DI SLBS B JATI WIYATA DHARMA TUBAN

Character education is the basis in forming a moral human being. Character education is very important in 21st century education so it needs to be applied to formal and non-formal institutions. This also has an impact on Special Schools (SLB) to instill character education. There are still some deaf students who have not developed daily behavior that reflects a positive character at SLBS B Jati Wiyata Dharma Tuban. This study aims to describe the implementation development and challenges faced in Character Education for the students with hearing impairment at SLBS B Jati Wiyata Dharma Tuban. The type of research used is qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of participant observation and documentation. This study uses the data analysis model proposed by Miles and Huberman which is often referred to as the interactive data analysis method. There are three activities in qualitative data analysis, namely the data reduction stage, data presentation, and conclusion or verification. The results showed 1) the development of character education through PHBI activities, competitions, clean Fridays, vocational programs, and integration in Civics subjects 2) the challenges faced during the implementation of character education were that deaf students had difficulty understanding material in the form of reading the history of Indonesian independence. 3) the solution to this problem is to use mind map media.

Гетеротопия инфраструктуры и инфраструктура гетеротопии: священник в пространстве больницы

The article is devoted to the experience of hospital priests’ serving. M. Foucault's philosophical ideas about the nature of medicine, as well as his historical works devoted to the formation of the power-disciplinary functions of medical institutions were chosen as the theoretical framework of the study. In addition, we used his theoretical reflections on heterotopia. Thus, the author focuses on issues related to the intersection of multiple spaces with their own social rituals on the territory of the hospital. The author of the article has studied, described and analyzed the experience of prayer service, as well as the experience of the presence and interaction in the hospital space of its various inhabitants, in particular priests and medical personnel. The article presents the results of a field study conducted at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute in 2018-2019. The research was carried out in the form of participant observation, later supplemented by an interview. The data obtained allows us to describe the practices of interaction between the priest, patients and the hospital's medical staff. We are making an attempt to analyze the specifics of the hospital space in which this interaction takes place. We pay special attention to the place the priest takes in this space and the significance he has: on the one hand, we strive to discover the influence which the priest has in the interaction with other inhabitants of the hospital space, and on the other hand, to show the influence that he himself experiences being in this space. These observations allow us to assert that the hospital space has the signs of heterotopy and creates opportunities for the alternative ordering of interaction. These opportunities are realized by priests and at the same time, their implementation does not depend on the level of the priest’s awareness about them. Our observations were supplemented by interviews, the analysis of which allows us to confirm our assumption about the unintended overriding of the order of interaction on the part of the priest. In addition, interviews allow us to expand our understanding of the hospital space, complementing it with details from the subjective experience of our informants.

Modelling of Cross-Organisational Cooperation for Social Entrepreneurship

Objectives: The objective of the study is to advance the conceptualisation of social entrepreneurship and report the results of empirical research related to the identification of the architecture of the model of interorganisational collaboration for the growth of social entrepreneurship potential at the local level. Research Design and Methods: The research presented in the article is based on a case study performed on an example of the Polish institutional landscape. Multidimensional empirical research methodology was applied in the form of participant observation, analysis of focus group results and business modelling techniques. The literature review contains an analysis of reports from the area of social economy and related fields. Findings: The result of the conducted research is the discovery of primary dimensions of effective interorganisational cooperation in the form of an analogue-representational model. Implication/Recommendations: In the process of strengthening the potential of social entrepreneurship, the cooperation of actors from different organisational fields is a key factor. An appropriate level of social capital is an essential requirement for effective cooperation. Contribution/Value Added: The developed model of cooperation for social entrepreneurship is based on an initiative that is unique and innovative on a national scale and is the result of empirical research. It also seems that the approach presented may be universal and could be extrapolated to other regions and cultural contexts. Article Classification: Research article.

Ancestors Worship Based on Timorese Perspectives in Oelbubuk Village, Central Mollo Sub-District, Timor Tengah Selatan District

Purpose: In 1928, Timorese in Oelbubuk had abandoned their original beliefs and converted to Christianity. Now, belief in Uis Neno (sky god) is interpreted as God, Uis Pah (earth god) is lost in meaning, while the meaning of Pah Nitu (ancestor) is still maintained. Even though they have become Christians, the worship of Pah Nitu persisted in their lives. Why is that? What is so special about Pah Nitu for Timorese?
 Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of Participant Observation, and Indepth Interview and Literature Study to answer that question.
 Findings: Through interviews with Tua Adat, Village Heads and Timorese in Oelbubuk, it was found that even though they had become Christians, worship of Pah Nitu was maintained, because the lives of Timorese in Oelbubuk depended entirely on the role of Pah Nitu.
 Research limitations/implications: Result shows existence of original belief of the Timorese in Oelbubuk centered on the belief in the existence of a celestial deity called Uis Neno. There are also other objects of worship that are considered as a manifestation of the manifestation of Uis Neno, namely Uis Pah (earth god) and Pah Nitu (ancestral spirits)
 Practical implications: This research shows that Pah Nitu is understood as an important figure that will not be replaced by the role of any religious teachings (including Christianity).
 Originality/value: This research is conducted in Oelbubuk Village, Central Mollo Sub-District, Timor Tengah Selatan District.
 Paper type: Research paper.

“God is my bosom buddy”: experiencing faith and the role of ethnicity in Roma and Kaale missionizing among Roma in Estonia and Latvia

This article draws on ethnographic fieldwork materials in the form of participant observation and interviews and looks at the mission encounter between the Kaale (Finnish Roma) missionaries and the traditionally Lutheran, Russian Orthodox or Catholic Roma in Estonia and the Vidzeme region in Latvia. The aim of the article is to discuss the role of ethnicity in the mission work conducted by the Kaale and by the local Roma. I demonstrate how the usage of ethnic elements and a culture specific approach in mission relates to bodily and emotionally experiencing God’s presence among the born-again Roma community in this region and how it impacts the success of the mission. Pentecostalism is known for its promise of equality of all peoples before God and at the same time for accommodating its proselytizing message to different conditions, fitting its mission to the local people and situation. This becomes also apparent in the current case where in the multicultural and multilingual mission setting sensations and aesthetics take up an especially important role.

Lebanese food, ‘Lebaneseness’ and the Lebanese diaspora in London

Lebanese food, as a cultural tradition, and in the context of Lebanese migration, mobility and diasporic identity, is the focus of this article. We use ethnographic methods in the form of participant observation, focus groups and semi-structured interviews with restaurant owners, workers and members of the Lebanese diaspora to critically examine the connections between diasporic identity and Lebanese food in London. The analysis revealed that Lebanese migrants living in London are highly affected and influenced by their homeland and its traditions. Analysis also revealed how the Lebanese hospitality industry has grown and adapted, becoming embedded, hybridized and contested by members of the Lebanese diaspora. We argue that this contestation revolves around a mobile sense of place and belonging.

Perantau Manggarai di Kelurahan Sesetan Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan

This study aims to determine the implementation of IKMB in Sesetan Village, South Denpasar District. The theoretical frameworks and concepts used to support the theory of adaptation, assimilation theory and conceptual framework related to overseas culture for Manggarai people who live in the area or temporarily in Sesetan Village, South Denpasar Subdistrict. The method and technique of this research is divided into three, namely 1) methods and techniques in the form of participant observation and interview; 2) literature study method; And 3) data analysis techniques. The results obtained from the above research on the Manggarai family inhabiting on the island of Bali as a family existence that closely maintains each component of its own culture as well as in the Overseas lands as manifestations that mutually support each other by generating multicultural cultures and languages.

STRATEGI HUMAS DAN PROTOKOL TERHADAP PUBLIKASI KEGIATAN DPRD DIY

Abstract. Public Relations (PR) DIY DPRD plays an important role on the publication of activities DIY DPRD. Unpublished activities of DIY DPRD will raise negatives suspicions from the public. In order to suppress the bad things, Public Relations DIY DPRD needs to have a strategy in publicizing the activities of Parlement DIY. The purpose of this research is to know the strategy used by DIY Public Relations Coordinator in publicizing the activities of DPRD DIY. Some strategies and Public Relations become the researcher in researching, so that the reserch can be focused more and more. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research with data collections techniques in the form of participant observation, interview, and supported by document. The result of this study indicate Public Relations DIY DPRD or institutional data referred to as Public Relations and Protocol Parliament DIY has ten strategies in publishing the activities of DPRD DIY. These ten strategies include, legitlat Mimbar, Advertoria/ Newspapers, Mass Media Mass, Suplement (koran), Radio Interactive Diolog, Live Broadcast Radio, Television Broadcast, TV Magazine, Website, Press Conference and Media Center.

Psychoanthropology of Power Contestation: Mangunan Alternative Education “Versus” the National Curriculum of the Indonesian Government

In 2009, Nolen conducted a systematic study of 11 journals with the highest impact factor in educational psychology. One of the findings is that there are four themes which are considered to be distinctive to educational psychology, namely classroom achievement, learning and memory, affective/motivation/beliefs, and cognition/reasoning (rank 1 through 4). Meanwhile, sociocultural factors, psychosocial factors, and public policy was ranked 15, 20, and 25 out of 25 themes which had been “agreed” by the authors of the journal articles regarding the distinct content of educational psychology. The current study actually emphasizes public policy and sociocultural factors as the research focus, with the assumption that psychological processes in education are not only contributed by psychosociocultural factors, rather the process ses themselves are social processes. This research aims to present qualitative analysis regarding contestation of power between the Indonesia National Curriculum with the Mangunan Canisius Experimental Elementary School (CEES) as an experimenting society. This research belongs to the grounded theory type of research, using methods of data collection in the form of participant observation, in- depth interview, and lived in Mangunan CEES for 2.5 years. The research results indicate that there is contestation of power between Mangunan CEES (“True Learning”) and the Indonesia National Curriculum. In addition, Mangunan CEES epistemologically and psychologically has an implication on the continuous care for the poor and marginalized people to be able to support themselves in an independent and holistic manner.

Cascade Citizens Wildlife Monitoring Project

Wildlife tracking can make an excellent service-learning activity for engaging anthropology, biology and environmental science/studies students in their local communities and ecosystems. This project describes an advanced project for a well-developed field school as well as possible entry-level activities that would be easier to integrate into a wide variety of courses. The Cascade Citizens Wildlife Monitoring Project (CCWMP) is a service-learning activity through which students in the Learn and Serve Environmental Anthropology Field (LEAF) School draw upon traditional ecological knowledge and observation skills to help solve a modern problem. The LEAF School employs service-learning as a form of participant observation through which students can come to better understand their own community, its subcultures and its interconnectedness within an ecosystem. In the winter students assist the I-90 Wildlife Bridges Coalition with documentation of wildlife presence and movements along the primary east-west route across the Cascade Mountains. During the spring, summer and fall students collaborate with Conservation Northwest and Wilderness Awareness School to set up remote cameras to document the presence of rare carnivores in the Cascades. The 2009 LEAF School students are helping to place, set up and check cameras targeted for documentation of reported wolf sounds and sightings in the vicinity of Manastash (south of Cle Elum, WA). The data collected by students is shared with government officials, environmental organizations and land managers to help guide the protection of wildlife corridors and the placement of freeway crossings.

"Walking Like a Crab": Analyzing Maskanda Music in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Abstract This article addresses a South African music genre: maskanda, often marketed as "Zulu blues." It describes the various ways maskanda is musically analyzed and interpreted by musicians, audiences, producers, and scholars, including myself. By treating music analysis as a form of participant observation (and indigenizing my own analytical conventions) the article aims, foremostly, to foster a cross-cultural dialogue about musical experiences (hearings) and the practices of finding words for these experiences (conceptualizations). Music analysis as participant observation also sheds light on local historiographies, critiques, and structural analyses of maskanda, and it bridges the artificial academic dichotomy of object-related observation (music analysis) and discourserelated theorization (cultural analysis) that still impairs much music research.

Teaching in the Field as Participant Observation: Anthropology and the Ethics of Education in Nickerie, Western Suriname

Teaching during fieldwork is not a common anthropological research method. In this paper, I will share my involvement with a local non-governmental initiative of setting up and teaching at the Volkshogeschool (a school for adult education) during my fieldwork in Nickerie, Western Suriname. By reflecting on some of the ethical and methodological challenges involved in teaching during anthropological fieldwork, I will show the potential of teaching in the field as a form of empowerment both in terms of responding to educational and other social needs of members of the local community and to those of the fieldworker. While being aware that education for all is not a universally held value, or good, I suggest that deliberately changing a part of the field during the research is not necessarily unethical. Indeed, to intervene more drastically in people�s lives than simply by being there, through actively stimulating education, may in some cases be a more ethical choice than not to intervene. I will argue that if we understand fieldwork to be a dialogical interaction of teaching and learning, teaching in the field can be considered a form of participant observation. In my experience with the Volkshogeschool in Nickerie, teaching in the field was an inextricable part of the fieldwork endeavour.

Shaping mega‐event flagships: a case study of Expo Center of Expo 2010 Shanghai, China

PurposeA mega‐event flagship (MEF) refers to a purpose‐built building flagship for a global mega‐event and a popular instrument to catalyze urban renewal in the host city. Despite their lasting popularity and volatile outcomes, such highly controversial developments have received little analysis. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap in the research.Design/methodology/approachTo bridge the Triple‐C Gap identified, a case study method was adopted in the form of participant observation, due to the author's special role as a key project coordinator of Expo 2010. To provide a good reference for comparable developments, it takes three steps to study the Expo Center (EC) – one of the four MEFs of Expo 2010. First, planning rationales are explained to form a holistic understanding of the Big 4 as an integrated whole. Then, a pilot questionnaire survey is reported to identify pressing issues on a broader scale. Finally, the early stages of the EC are investigated in six dimensions.FindingsThe study concludes with significant lessons in shaping the early stage of a MEF, as well as correcting a misunderstanding of such a development being an end in itself.Research limitations/implicationsCertain constraints in participant observation have been minimized since the author maintained a relatively independent role as a process facilitator, which is different from the traditional role of a design manager or a project manager.Originality/valueA timely reminder to rethink the commitment to MEFs, this explorative study offers new insights into MEF research and will be of cross‐boundary value to a wide spectrum of people and agencies.

An anthropologist among the actors

In the ethnographic literature of performance, anthropologist musicians and dancers are far more commonly encountered than actors. While few anthropologists can be considered successful performers in the art forms they study, the scarcity of accounts of participant observation in the mounting of drama suggests that other factors may be at work to dissuade anthropologists from acting pursuits. In spite of some recent work that uses acting as one among several ethnographic strategies, anthropological reserve towards the participatory study of theatrical and film performance persists. This article argues that there are ample reasons for why acting as a form of participant observation should be taken more seriously and engaged in more often by anthropologists. Committed anthropological participation in theatrical, televisual and film performances may be very useful for exploring characterization in narrative, intersubjective understandings of ‘reality’, and the culture of media production.

When does an academic information need stimulate a school-inspired information want?

This paper explores the nature of school-inspired information wants. It considers how such wants arise and actions taken by youngsters to meet them. The methodology within the study reported was one of interpretivist ethnography, with data collected from two classes of 7- to 8-year-olds in an English primary school via a form of participant observation that incorporated dialogues with pupils and staff. Children were seen to follow up on topics taught in the classroom with their own questions when one or more of seven situations arose. These included instances in which they developed an empathic interest in the protagonists being studied and when they noted inconsistencies in their own understanding. The findings have a range of implications, notably for practices in both education and LIS.

Teaching Moral Education In Secondary Schools Using Real-Life Dilemmas

The purpose of this study is to contribute to contemporary debates about alternative ways of teaching Moral Education (ME) in Malaysia by including the voice of students. ME in the Malaysian setting is both complex and compulsory. This study explores alternatives to the current somewhat dated approach. It seeks to discover what young adolescents describe as moral dilemmas, how they approach them and what they find useful in resolving these moral problems. The research is founded on a modified version of Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), extended to suit the multicultural, multiethnic Malaysian setting, and here called the Zone of Collaborative Development (ZCD). This study uses qualitative research methodology consisting of a modified framework of participatory action research (PAR) as the methodological framework. Data was gathered for textual analysis through a modified form of participant observation, focus group transcripts, interviews, and student journals. The research trials a process of resolving reallife moral dilemmas in the ME classroom. It critically analyses the types of reallife moral dilemmas that a selected group of secondary students face. It also indicates the moral choices they make and the moral orientations they use. Participants in this study were 22 16-17 year old adolescents from three different types of secondary schools in a Form Four ME classroom in Malaysia. They were from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, but within a nonMuslim community of students. ME in Malaysia (MEM) is designed to cater for this group while Muslim students study Islamic Studies. Findings show that students were concerned about moral issues and values not covered in the current ME curriculum. The moral dilemmas that they identified were relational and context dependent. Multiple factors contributed to the problems they described. These factors included national legislation, Malaysian culture, ethnicity, and religion as well as the effects of history, in particular the Japanese occupation. Students named autonomy, self and mutual respect, trust, freedom, and tolerance as main conflicting themes in their reallife moral dilemmas. They found their peers helpful in providing support, advice, and direction. Students also appear to find the process trialled in the research interesting, interactive/collaborative, meaningful, and reflective. The analysis also shows that the respondents' moral choices were influenced by parents, culture, religion, utilitarianism, collaboration, and friendship, within a strong carebased approach. However, moral pluralism was also evident in the findings in cases where participants made decisions based on care and justice interchangeably. The study suggests that including students' voices in MEM in this way might better engage students' interest, whilst at the same time contributing to intercultural tolerance and understanding.