Form Of Electromagnetic Energy Research Articles

Magnet design of 10MJ multiple solenoids SMES

The superconducting magnetic energy storage system uses the superconducting coil to store the energy of the grid in the form of electromagnetic energy, and then release the electromagnetic energy to the power grid or other devices when needed. Compared with other energy storage technologies, superconducting magnetic energy storage systems have the advantages of fast response, adjustable active and reactive four quadrants, it can improve the stability and quality of power system, and be used for dispersion in power systems, power system and energy management. This paper mainly introduces the magnet design of four-screw SMES in 10 MJ class, including performance analysis, modular and parallel design scheme and AC loss calculation.

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Summarize

Superconducting magnetic energy storage system using superconducting coils to store energy in the form of electromagnetic energy, Superconducting magnetic energy storage not only can reactive power compensation but also can active thought the power of mediation. It can achieve the power of the four-quadrant operation. This article outlines the advantages of the superconducting energy storage technology and development status, superconducting energy storage and how various components used. Finally describes how the four-quadrant active and power exchange. I think 21st century technology superconducting will develop far-reaching impact semiconductors as the 20th century semiconductors. So it has a great significance.

Seeing into cells. The promise of in vivo molecular imaging in oncology.

Medicine is undergoing a revolution. Disease is increasingly being redefined in terms of underlying molecular abnormalities, as opposed to the signs and symptoms of the patient. This new definition is referred to as the ‘molecular signature’ of a disease and the current developments in biomedical research are accordingly termed ‘molecular medicine’. In the case of cancer, we know that tumours result from genetic alterations of cells, which may involve overexpression or underexpression of normal genes, or mutations that generate abnormal gene products. This may affect any of the molecules within the cell, the cell membrane or the cancer‐cell milieu. In addition, the microenvironment of a tumour, including stromal and vascular endothelial cells, is important for the growth and persistence of the tumour. This entire constellation of the abnormal molecular biology of tumour cells and their microenvironment is the molecular signature of cancer (Hanahan & Weinberg, 2000). > The greatest potential value of molecular imaging is its ability to report on the molecular state of a tumour in its normal milieu One consequence of this new understanding of disease is the increased effort to develop targeted drugs that interact specifically with the altered genes or their products and either limit the progression of or kill tumour cells. The hope is that such therapeutics will selectively target tumour cells and leave normal cells untouched, thereby reducing the common side effects of current anticancer therapies such as radio‐ and chemotherapy. There is an increasing number of such targeted therapeutics being developed and made available for clinical use. For example, until about five years ago, there were few options available for treating colon cancer beyond surgically removing the affected part of the colon and using standard chemotherapy. However, since 1999, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved at least five targeted drugs …

ACUTE AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF RADIO FREQUENCY BLADDER NECK SUSPENSION

A new treatment modality for women with stress urinary incontinence secondary to urethral hypermobility is radio frequency bladder neck suspension. Radio frequency energy is a form of electromagnetic energy that is reliable and highly controllable. This thermal therapy can produce well-defined areas of tissue heating. The technology has been used extensively in dermatological and orthopedic surgery for tissue shrinkage and ablation. Radio frequency thermal therapy is now being applied to the endopelvic fascia at the bladder neck and urethra for treating hypermobility in patients with stress urinary incontinence. The purported mechanism is shrinkage of the collagenated tissue that supports the bladder neck and proximal urethra. We report our acute and long-term experience with laparoscopic radio frequency bladder neck suspension for stress urinary incontinence. Enrolled in this prospective multicenter trial were 94 women with a mean age of 48.4 +/- 7.6 years who had urethral hypermobility with an average cotton swab angle change of 41 degrees and Valsalva leak point pressures greater than 90 cm. water at 250 ml. bladder capacity. Detrusor instability was excluded by cystometry. In all cases precisely controlled radio frequency energy was applied to the endopelvic fascia to heat and shrink the tissue. The primary end points were physician assessment of continence, patient reported pad use and the number of patient reported episodes of urinary incontinence daily 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Average operative time was less than 60 minutes and 98% of the patients were discharged home from the recovery room. Treatment surface area decreased an average of 17% in length and 21% in width. Preoperatively 78% of patients had an average of 1 or more episodes of urinary incontinence daily. At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months there was an average of 1 or fewer episodes of urinary incontinence daily in 84.7%, 85.6%, 85.9% and 77.4% of patients, respectively, and at 12 months 83.5% reported being continent or improved. Preoperatively 41.2% of patients reported using 1 pad or less daily, while at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months 85.6%, 90.4%, 87.2% and 86.9%, respectively, required 1 pad or less daily. Urodynamic evaluation at 12 months showed no leakage during the Valsalva maneuver in 78% of cases. There were no major postoperative complications and the minor complication rate was 5.3%. Early results of thermal treatment of the endopelvic fascia indicate that radio frequency bladder neck suspension is safe and effective for improving stress urinary incontinence in women. The improvement in symptomatology appears to be durable in most patients at the 1-year followup. Longer followup is needed to assess the durability of results and it is currently in progress.

低出力レーザー照射療法（ＬＬＬＴ）

A laser (light amplification of stimulated emission of radiation) is the artificial ray, which is monochromatic, coherent and directional. Laser light with wavelengths of between 600 and 1, 300nm is optimized the depth of penetration in human tissue and is therefore most commonly used in the clinical setting. Low reactive level laser therapy (LLLT), outputting laser light with less than 500mW power, have been recommended for use in rehabilitation because there is some evidence that this form of electromagnetic energy may be biostimulative, facilitate healing and reduce pain. LLLT activates the electron transport chain, increases ATP synthesis, and therefore cause the macrophage, fibroblast and lymphocyte activity. Some studied that LLLT changed the nerve conduction and regeneration and induced vasodilation, particularly of the microcirculation. LLLT is clinically useful in wound healing, musculoskeletal disorders and pain management. The irradiation points are symptomatic pain area, motor points, ganglion, meridian point and so on. Especially irradiation to stellate ganglion and acupuncture points is safe and effective to reduce pain and to improve the peripheral circulation in human. It is difficult to make definitive recommendations for the clinical application of LLLT in rehabilitation, so that we have to study and reveal the mechanism of LLLT effects.

Update on the Biophysics and Thermodynamics of Radiofrequency Ablation

Radiofrequency (RF) energy is a form of electromagnetic energy that has been used for a variety of medical applications. The standard RF generator used in catheter ablation produces an unmodulated sine wave alternating current at frequencies of 500 to 1000 kHz. This frequency range is high enough to prevent induction of ventricular fibrillation when current is applied within the heart. RF energy usually is delivered in a unipolar fashion between the distal electrode of the RF ablation catheter and a dispersive electrode applied to the patient’s skin. During RF delivery, alternating current traverses from the ablation electrode through the intervening tissue to the dispersive electrode. The passage of current through the tissue causes heating of the tissue that is termed resistive or ohmic heating. Resistive heating is proportional to the power density of the electrode surface. Power density, in turn, is proportional to the square of the current density. According to Ohm’s Law, the amount of current (I) flowing in a circuit is proportional to voltage (V) and inversely proportional to the total impedance of the circuit (R): I = V/R. In addition, because current density decreases in proportion to the square of the distance from the ablation electrode, power density, and hence, the magnitude of resistive heating decreases with distance from the ablation electrode to the fourth power. This results in a very narrow rim of tissue ( 100 [2].

The management of resistant chronic recurring [non-cassfied] headache 1111 adults using the natural opiate systb1 as opposed to pharmilcologic opiates

Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic energy, like light waves or radio waves, and occupy a part of the electromagnetic spectrum of power, or energy. Microwaves are very short waves of electromagnetic energy that travel at the speed of light (186,282 miles per second). In our modern technological age, microwaves are used to relay long distance telephone signals, television programs, and computer information across the earth or to a satellite in space. But the microwave is most familiar to us as an energy source for cooking food.of this research is to measurement the radiation leak from different types of electromagnetic oven for some type oven in Erbil city can be measured, that affect to the human health.This study is performed for the first time in some houses in Erbil (the capital of Iraq Kurdistan region) using an Electromagnetic field strength meter device measuring electric field, magnetic field and radiation intensity in eight homes in Erbil.The measurements have been done at some houses in Erbil city, according to the source of background radiation exist before measuring data. Our data compared with standard safe range of radiation data. Results showed that there is radiation leak form all type of electromagnetic oven and all at the order of safety compared with standard value.