Form Of Consolidation Research Articles

Культура музейного соучастия как форма организации социальной консолидации

The article delves into the problem of social consolidation and the search for specific forms of its organization. Based on the experience of humanitarian scientific reflection and on the results obtained by other researchers, the author points out the complex and dynamic nature of various aspects of consolidation in each specific case, including in the sphere of cultural practices, museum activities and the culture of museum complicity, which are included in the problematic circle of discussion of the scientific article. The thesis is put forward that the most important form of organizing social consolidation is the culture of museum participation, which involves the creation of a certain museum product or service based on the joint activities of visitors, various communities and partners at certain stages of project implementation. It is emphasized that the analysis of scientific humanitarian discourse allows us to formulate a theoretical approach to understanding the relevance of studying the culture of museum participation as the most important form of consolidation, contributing to the cohesion of the local community in order to create favorable conditions for consolidation processes in culture.

Long-term memory in <i>Thrips tabaci</i> (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)

Microinsects are capable of associative learning and memory retention despite significant reduction in the number and size of neurons. Previously, the capabilities of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) for associative learning and the formation of short-term memory have been demonstrated. In this study, an additional training session was added, as well as a time interval between them. Increasing the number of training sessions and spacing these out over time allowed us to demonstrate the persistence of memory traces for up to 24 hours. Thus, for the first time, the presence of consolidated forms of memory in the order Thysanoptera has been revealed.

THE GUARANTEES OF THE CONCEPT OF THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUALITY OF ALL PARTICIPANTS IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS BEFORE THE LAW AND THE COURTS IN UKRAINE

The article analyzes approaches to understanding the concept of guarantees, the essence of guarantees, general guarantees of the principle of equality of all participants in court proceedings and special guarantees of the principle of equality of all participants in the administrative process before the law and the court. The primary definitions of the concept of guarantees, the main guarantees of the general principle of equality were studied, the principle of equality of participants in court proceedings was separately studied, the classification of such guarantees was considered taking into account the specifics of the principle of administrative proceedings. This article examines the concept of guarantees of the principle of equality in the administrative process, examines the essence and types of legal guarantees and determines the place of guarantees of the principle of equality of all participants in the administrative process among them, examines the main types of guarantees of the principle of equality of all participants in the administrative process by the form of consolidation and levels of support. The article examines and classifies guarantees of the principle of equality according to various criteria, such as: by the form and level of consolidation, by the levels of provision, by the nature of the action, by subject composition, by legal nature, by the form of implementation. The classification of guarantees allows a better understanding of how the principle of equality is ensured at different levels of the legal system, and helps to identify potential guarantees and mechanisms for the implementation of the principle of equality of all participants in the administrative process. The article offers a definition of the guarantees of the principle of equality of all participants in the administrative process before the law, directly gives such guarantees and discloses their essence, including taking into account the specifics of the properties of administrative proceedings.

Mechanism of implementation of the right to health care, medical assistance and medical insurance

The article examines the problematic issues of defining the concept of the mechanism of realization of the right to health care and medical assistance, as well as the components of the specified mechanism and the systemic connections between them. The author’s definition of the mechanism of the realization of the right to health care, medical assistance and medical insurance is proposed, which should be considered as a complex process, a system of interconnected components that create conditions for the legitimate exercise of the right of an individual, which includes a set of relevant legal norms regulating social relations that arise in connection with the exercise of the specified right and provide for the forms, grounds, conditions and procedures for its exercise; legal and enforcement acts; the activity of the person himself as the bearer of the subjective right in the exercise of his rights and duties; direct activity of the relevant authorities for the application of this right; legal relations through which subjects implement the researched law. It was concluded that the structure of the constitutional-legal mechanism for the realization of the right to health care and medical assistance is represented by a set of the following components: constitutional norms that establish the specified right; legal acts (normative-legal acts, which are the external form of expression and consolidation of these norms, and interpretative-legal acts, which contain an explanation of the content of legal norms; acts of application of legal norms (individual-legal); guarantees of the exercise of this right; the activity of a person from his use, which allows to distinguish the normative-legal and institutional-legal component of the mechanism. The regulatory and legal component of the implementation mechanism includes legal norms that determine the conditions, forms and procedures for the implementation of this right, the content of the right itself; economic, legal, organizational, institutional and other means and conditions for realization of the researched right, as well as guarantees of realization and protection of the right to health care, medical assistance and medical insurance. The institutional and legal component is represented by the system of authorized bodies, institutions and establishments that manage, organize activities, provide medical assistance or services. The special content of the right to health care and medical assistance allows us to distinguish the features of the mechanism of implementation of this right: a) it is carried out by bodies that provide medical assistance or contribute to the provision of medical assistance (support units); b) has a limited scope, because it is used exclusively during the implementation of the above-mentioned right; c) one of the subjects of legal relations is always the person who receives medical assistance, and the other is public health care institutions that directly provide health care(enterprises, institutions, organizations of various forms of ownership, including those created by private individuals, provided they have the necessary material and technical base and qualified specialists); d) realization of the rights and freedoms of citizens takes place in three forms - compliance, implementation and application of legal norms; e) realization of the researched right is carried out according to a certain procedure, which is established by national legislation.

Four Years of Anti-COVID-19 Regulations in Greece: Overview of the Legislative and Regulatory Process and of an Exemplary Administrative Codification

Abstract In the 25th of February 2024, four years since the first Act of Legislative Content of the Greek Government concerning the prevention and limitation of the spreading of coronavirus COVID-19 were completed. The regulatory production of this period is huge and has a series of unique characteristics with prevailing one the use of means of extraordinary legislation as foreseen in the Greek Constitution. All these measures are presented in a consolidated form in the “Special Administrative Codification of urgent regulatory measures to prevent and limit the spreading of coronavirus COVID-19 and to deal with relevant problems” under the short name of PANDEKTIS, conducted by the Department of Administrative Codifications – Raptarchis of the Secretariat General for Legal and Parliamentary Affairs of the Presidency of the Greek Government. The study of this monumental work gives rise to very interesting findings, about the way Hellenic Government handled the Pandemic crisis. This article presents the law-making process and the process of issuing secondary legislation during the Pandemic, its quantitative and qualitative characteristics with special comment on the fulfillment of the rules and principles of Better Regulation and discusses the use of administrative codification as a means of reflecting an holistic picture of the regulatory production during a period of crisis.

Hybrid digital authoritarianism in Turkey: the ‘Censorship Law’ and AI-generated disinformation strategy

ABSTRACT This article introduces the concept of hybrid digital authoritarianism, a model of digital governance that combines consolidated digital authoritarian practices with strategically limited digital freedoms to sustain a façade of democratic governance. The evolution of Turkey’s digital governance, marked by the enactment of the ‘censorship law/disinformation law’ in October 2022, represents a deliberate shift toward more entrenched digital authoritarianism. The dissemination of pro-government AI-generated disinformation, particularly targeting opposition during the 2023 national and presidential elections and the 2024 local elections, underscores Turkey’s progression towards a more consolidated form of digital authoritarianism. This study examines the impact of recent legislative changes, including the contentious Press Law and Internet Regulation Law, and the role of AI-generated disinformation in shaping Turkey’s digital governance.

Theoretical Aspects Of The Essence Of Bank Consolidation

The article considers theoretical aspects of the essence of bank consolidation. The author emphasises the diversity and multifaceted nature of «consolidation», which has led to its use in various activities. A detailed analysis of the literature sources made it possible to outline the essential meaning of the term «consolidation» by the most common areas and directions of its use. It is noted that consolidation can be used as a tool for stabilisation, systematisation, transformation, etc. in various fields of activity. The carried out scientific analysis of terminological definitions revealed a clear link between the concepts of «reorganisation», «restructuring», «integration» and «consolidation» in the banking sector. It is proposed to use a comprehensive approach to determine the essence of bank consolidation, which includes three levels: legal, accounting, and economic. It is proved that the processes of bank consolidation should be studied in two aspects: as a process of capital pooling and as a process of bank merger. It is emphasised that in the narrow sense, bank consolidation is a merger of banks, in which there is a legal succession in the form of transfer of all rights and obligations of several banks to one bank. In a broader sense, bank consolidation, which includes three levels: legal, accounting, and economic. It is proved that the processes of bank consolidation should be studied in two aspects: as a process of capital pooling and as a process of bank merger. It is emphasised that in the narrow sense, bank consolidation is a merger of banks, in which there is a legal succession in the form of transfer of all rights and obligations of several banks to one bank. In a broader sense, bank consolidation can be viewed as a process focused on achieving specific goals and is a series of sequential actions implemented through a set of measures of a legal and economic nature. It is substantiated that the term «consolidation» in relation to banks is a collective concept, which includes not only individual transactions or legally significant actions regarding mergers, acquisitions, or takeovers of banks but also the acquisition of corporate control by a newly formed bank. The forms of bank consolidation include mergers, acquisitions, accessions, and amalgamations. The economic basis of bank consolidation is formed by social relations that develop in the commercial activity of banks and are aimed at combining their economic and financial potential and corporate control over banking activities in the financial market.

Soviet large-scale holidays as a form of consolidation of national symbols

The socialist revolution of 1917 created favorable conditions for the development of festive culture, creating an atmosphere of uplift, mental and physical strain, charging the holiday with this energy. The revolution gave the festivities a national character; peasants, workers, sailors, and townspeople were united. The people felt the extraordinary signifi cance of the events taking place in the fate of everyone, from an adult to a child. Holidays were the same fi ghters in the proletarian ranks as the poems by D. Bedny and V. Mayakovsky, and the posters of D. Moor, enticing people to continue the feat. The author shows that the components of the national festival are universal, they are preserved up to the present day, and this is refl ected not only in the design of the holiday, but also in its symbolism. The materials of the article can be used in preparation for the disciplines “History of Art” and “Directing Theatrical Performances and Celebrations”.

Outcomes of R-MPV followed by ara-c in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A single-center retrospective analysis.

e19046 Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Currently, there is no uniform consensus in the optimal management of PCNSL. In patients that can tolerate systemic therapy, induction therapy is typically done with a high-dose methotrexate-based regimen, due to evidence of better penetration of the blood brain barrier. One such regimens is high dose methotrexate combined with rituximab, procarbazine, and vincristine (R-MPV). Options for consolidation therapy include high-dose systemic therapy with stem cell rescue (ASCT), whole brain radio therapy (WBRT) and high-dose cytarabine (ara-c) with or without etoposide (EA). At our institution we utilize an R-MPV induction approach with some form of ara-c consolidation without etoposide. We aimed to execute a retrospective cohort study to analyze outcomes of this approach. Methods: All the patients diagnosed with PCNSL who received an induction regimen of R-MPV from 10/01/2020 to 06/01/2023 were included. Data was then gathered by chart review of the electronic medical record. Treatment outcomes were evaluated based on imaging with brain MRIs and PET scans. Central findings such as complete response (CR) rate, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were ascertained. Results: 10 charts were reviewed. 9 out of the 10 patients had a histological presentation consistent with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; 1 patient had a diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. In terms of demographics, the patients ages ranged from 54 to 83 years, with a median of 74 years. Complete response was achieved in 5 out of the 10 patients (CR rate of 50%), and no relapse was noted in any of these patients. 2 out of the 10 patients progressed on treatment, with 1 dying from progression of the disease. The median follow-up for patients who were still alive was 24 months. 2-year PFS was 80%, and 2-year OS was 90%. Median PFS and OS were not reached. Mean PFS and OS were 28 months and 30.5 months respectively. Conclusions: Based on our study results, the CR rate we observed for R-MPV appears consistent with existing literature on this regimen and other methotrexate-based induction regimens. Our results for R-MPV with ara-c consolidation provides similar outcomes to existing studies on treatment with different methotrexate-based induction and consolidation with ASCT, particularly the 80% PFS we observed. This percent PFS also appears similar to studies of consolidation with ara-c and EA, and superior to PFS with WBRT. Overall, these results are reassuring as in a specific set of older patients who might not be candidates for ASCT, our specific nonmyeloablative approach could be worthwhile. However, our study does have the limitation of being a single center retrospective perspective. [Table: see text]

Effects of raw and different calcined bentonite on durability and mechanical properties of cement composite material

Bentonite is a natural pozzolanic material mostly composed of SiO2 and employed in cementing materials for the reduction of cement consumption and CO2 emission besides improving performance of cement composite material by consuming portlandite to form extra C-S-H gel. So, many researchers studied on partial replacement of bentonite to improve concrete performance. However, bentonite mostly exists as a consolidated form that needs treatment for activation of pozzolanic reactivity to improve performance of cement composite materials. However, it is not well known how different replacement of raw and calcined bentonite affects performance of cementing materials in different hazardous environment. Hence, the present study identified the most influential replacement of bentonite, evaluating different calcined and raw bentonite in environments of acids, salt, and elevated temperature in addition to assessing the mechanical and physical properties of cement composite material. So, the results indicate that the employment of raw and calcined bentonite reduces the fresh bulk density, improves compressive strength, and Vicker hardness at 28 days, reduces the mass loss due to 56 days immersion in 5% HCl, 10% NaCl, and 5% HNO3 compared to the control mixture. Moreover, the employment of calcined bentonite at 800 °C significantly improved the durability and mechanical properties of cement composite materials compared to the control mixture. Specifically, replacing bentonite calcined at 800 °C for 3hs by 20% has the highest compressive strength than all samples after 28 and 56 days. Besides these, the study reveals that the corrosion potential of steel bars embedded in the mortar is reduced as the proportion of raw and different calcined bentonite increases. Generally, the employment of calcined bentonite is very beneficial to get improved performance on mechanical and durability properties of cement composite materials.

Causes and prevalence of prenatal and neonatal mortality in the District Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Objectives: Perinatal mortality is among the key health, prosperity, and economic status indicators. This retrospective study determines the causes of prenatal (stillbirth) and neonatal mortality during July–December 2021 and their yearly prevalence during 2013–2021 in the Women and Children’s Hospital in the district Dera Ismail Khan. Materials and Methods: The data were extracted from the admission registers maintained by the said hospital and were found not in organized and consolidated form. A month-wise organized/consolidated report for each cause of mortality was prepared. Results: A total of 508 cases of both prenatal and neonatal mortality in the nursery ward indicated hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) showed overall 39.8% mortality in the study area, followed by premature (15.4%), senile prostatic enlargement (10%), low birth weight revealed (9.3%), birth asphyxia (5.3%), neonatal jaundice (4.5%), respiratory distress syndrome (4.3%), non-nutritive sucking (3.5%), congenital heart defects (2.4%), meconium aspiration syndrome (1.8%), and the remaining cases each contributed to ≤0.6% of overall mortality. The isolation ward contributed (48.5%), followed by the labor room (42.4%), the nutrition ward (6.1%), and the Gynae wards (3%) of all 33 cases. The overall highest mortality occurred in 2019 (15.4%) and lowest in 2013 (6.8%). The remaining years showed each <10% mortality. Neonatal mortality was mostly higher than prenatal mortality during 2013–2021 and highest (85.8%) in 2013 and the lowest (19%) in 2014. The highest and lowest prenatal mortality was 81% (2014) and 14.2% (2013), respectively. Conclusion: HIE caused about 40% of perinatal mortality. Neonatal mortality showed higher prevalence than prenatal mortality except in 2014.

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ON THE FORMATION
 AND EVOLUTION OF THE CONFLICT OF SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS

The article describes the formation of the conflict between social representations in the process of communication between people in the modern digital space. The change of the ways of interaction between the media and users creates a complex, stage-by-stage perception of incoming information by the subject, and its collective transformation into images, symbols and other forms of consolidation in the sociocultural field. Various consequences of the influence of this conflict both on an individual and society as a whole are considered.

There Is No Hierarchy of Norms, There Is a Hierarchy of Instances: Normative and Subject-Political Justification of the Hierarchy of Normative Legal Acts in the Teachings of Hans Kelsen and Karl Schmitt

The problem of legal force and the hierarchy of normative legal acts must be considered at the intersection of political and legal knowledge, since such acts are not just a form of external consolidation of legal norms prescribing a certain model of behavior to the subject, but also express the state-power will, fix the institutional and political framework and the alignment of political forces in society. In the history of political and legal thought, two main ways of substantiating the legal force of normative legal acts have taken shape: normative and subject-political. The most consistently and argumentatively indicated methods are set out in the theoretical works of German lawyers of the last century, Hans Kelsen and Karl Schmitt. The article proposes to compare the views of thinkers on the nature of legal force and the hierarchy of normative legal acts. In the final part of the work, a variant of a conciliatory interpretation of competing approaches is substantiated, and conclusions are drawn about the relative practical significance of the analyzed theoretical models in the context of legal practice and the political process.

Conversation Analysis and genre theory.

Since its genesis in the 1960s, Conversation Analysis (CA) has noticeably developed further in terms of its subjects and methods. Its analyses, today, not only focus on conversations in the original sense, but also on visual elements such as gazes in interactions and the role of bodies. However, it also analyzes especially larger communicative units, e.g., in institutionalized settings and it addresses larger sequences of action. One of these approaches is the theory and analysis of communicative genres. Communicative genres are to be understood as consolidated forms of communication. The theory of communicative genres understands these forms as solutions to communicative problems. Genre analysis is methodologically grounded in CA; however, it exceeds it conceptually and theoretically, thus anchoring its questions clearly within sociology. The paper starts out by outlining the concepts and theory of communicative genres. The article discusses the empirical contribution of genre analysis using the example of three so-called "families of genres" families. The examples discussed are reconstructive genres (speaking about the past), genres of moral communication (speaking about other people's behavior), and projective genres (speaking about the future). Using examples from empirical research, it is shown which communicative problems these genres solve. The paper finally considers the insights to be gained from genre analysis for sociology and CA.

Real-World Experience with RTOG 0227 Induction for First Line Therapy of Primary CNS Lymphoma (PCNSL)

Introduction PCNSL is an aggressive and rare subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin Lymphoma affecting the brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leptomeninges and/or vitreoretinal components. While there have been trials comparing outcomes of consolidation treatment with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) versus (vs) autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) following different induction regimens in PCNSL, the optimal induction regimen to pair with these forms of consolidation remains controversial. Our group adopted a modified version of the RTOG 0227 induction as our standard PCNSL induction in 2017. This regimen includes 5 cycles of Methotrexate (MTX) at 3.5 g/m 2 and Rituximab (R) at 375-500 mg/m 2, and Temozolomide (TMZ) on cycles 2 and 4. Based on the published phase 2 trial of 53 patients (pts), the regimen is significantly less toxic than more aggressive induction regimens such as MATRiX, especially in older pts or those with comorbidities. We evaluated our real-world outcomes in PCNSL pts treated with RTOG 0227 induction followed by consolidation with either WBRT/TMZ or auto-HCT, at a single academic university hospital. Methods We identified newly diagnosed PCNSL pts treated at a single academic university hospital between 2017 and 2023. Electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed to collect data including demographics, clinicopathological features, treatment details, response rates, long-term follow up, disease recurrence, and survival. The IELSG prognostic index tool was used for risk assessment. All pts received induction regimen consisting of R (dose between 375- 500 mg/m 2) and 3.5 g/m 2 of MTX with leucovorin on weeks 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 along with TMZ daily for 5 days on weeks 4 and 8, followed by consolidation with either WBRT/TMZ or auto-HCT. In WBRT cohort, maintenance TMZ was given at 200mg/m 2 daily for 5 days every 28 days, for total of 10 cycles, and dose was reduced if side effects developed. Objective response rate (ORR) and complete response rate (CRR) after induction chemotherapy were calculated. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) at 2 years were estimated with the Kaplan-Meir method (using GraphPad Prism 9.3.1) and compared between the WBRT and auto-HCT cohorts, using the log-rank test. Results A total of 29 PCNSL pts were included in the study. Patient and disease characteristics for the entire cohort, as well as pts treated with WBRT vs auto-HCT consolidation, are shown on the Table. On average (avg), pts received 4 cycles of MTX and 8 cycles of TMZ. Nine (31%) pts developed acute kidney injury and 1 (3.4%) developed transaminitis from MTX. The avg total cumulative TMZ dose was 5913 mg/m 2 and 8 (27.5%) pts required TMZ dose reduction. Treatment related mortality (TRM) following induction was 0%. Eight (27.5%) pts had complete response, 19 (65.5%) had partial response, 1 (3.5%) had stable disease and 1 (3.5%) had disease progression. ORR was 93.1% and CRR was 27.5%. Eighteen (62%) pts received WBRT/TMZ consolidation, while 11 (38%) received auto-HCT consolidation. Median dose of WBRT administered was 36 Gy (23.4 to 36 Gy). Thirteen (72.2%) pts received 36 Gy in 30 fractions (fx) of 1.2 Gy BID, 4 (22.2%) pts received 23.4 Gy in 13 fx of 1.8 Gy OD, and 1 (5.5%) pt received 30.6 Gy in 17 fx of 1.8 Gy OD. Most common conditioning regimen prior to auto-HCT was carmustine/thiotepa (BCNU/TT). With a median follow up of 36 months, 4 (22.2%) pts in WBRT cohort and 1 (9.1%) in auto-HCT cohort had disease recurrence. Two-year PFS was 83% overall, 81% for the WBRT pts and 87% for the auto-HCT pts, with a p value of 0.65 for log-rank comparison of PFS for the WBRT vs auto-HCT pts. Two-year OS was 96% for the entire cohort, 94% for the WBRT pts and 100% for the auto-HCT pts, with a p value of 0.27 for log-rank comparison of OS for the WBRT vs auto-HCT pts. Conclusion In this real-world cohort of PCNSL pts not treated as part of a clinical trial, we observed excellent outcomes using the modified RTOG 0227 induction regimen. PFS and OS at 2 yrs in our cohort exceeds those reported with any prospective clinical trial to date, and with zero TRM to date. This data indicates that the modified RTOG 0227 induction with either WBRT or auto-HCT consolidation represents a very tolerable and highly effective option for first line therapy of PCNSL, for both younger and older pts.

Understanding the patterns of agrarian transformation: state-mediated commercialisation and deagrarianisation in Kashmir

ABSTRACT This paper examines the significant agrarian transformations in India’s Himalayan region of Kashmir, which is witnessing a rapid transition into commercial farming and, simultaneously, an increasing trend of deagrarianisation. The study uses a mixed-method approach to investigate why farmers adopt commercial farming in this region and how the processes of deagrarianisation, reconfiguration of land use, and deepening commodification have become inevitable for many small and medium-scale farmers as a result of this process. In the analysis, our empirically tested theoretical model confirms that institutional factors in terms of state support work as a significant driver toward commercialisation. We then argue that combined with the stimulus of the state, a vigorous process of neo-extractivism is being promoted, which renders the substantive changes in agrarian transitions by displacing the subsistence sector. The study highlights that this contemporary commercialisation is altering the social and physical landscape and driving broader forms of dispossession and consolidation of farmlands at micro-levels. Furthermore, it raises questions about the fundamental role of the Indian state’s neo-extractivist policies in a politically contested region.

EP09.02-04 Operative and Mid-Term Oncologic Outcomes of the Surgery as a Form of Local Consolidation for Oncogenic-Driven Advanced NSCLC

EP09.02-04 Operative and Mid-Term Oncologic Outcomes of the Surgery as a Form of Local Consolidation for Oncogenic-Driven Advanced NSCLC

Prefrontal stimulation as a tool to disrupt hippocampal and striatal reactivations underlying fast motor memory consolidation

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that hippocampal replay in humans support rapid motor memory consolidation during epochs of wakefulness interleaved with task practice. Objectives/HypothesesThe goal of this study was to test whether such reactivation patterns can be modulated with experimental interventions and in turn influence fast consolidation. We hypothesized that non-invasive brain stimulation targeting hippocampal and striatal networks via the prefrontal cortex would influence brain reactivation and the rapid form of motor memory consolidation. MethodsTheta-burst stimulation was applied to a prefrontal cluster functionally connected to both the hippocampus and striatum of young healthy participants before they learned a motor sequence task in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. Neuroimaging data acquired during task practice and the interleaved rest epochs were analyzed to comprehensively characterize the effect of stimulation on the neural processes supporting fast motor memory consolidation. ResultsOur results collectively show that active, as compared to control, theta-burst stimulation of the prefrontal cortex hindered fast motor memory consolidation. Converging evidence from both univariate and multivariate analyses of fMRI data indicate that active stimulation disrupted hippocampal and caudate responses during inter-practice rest, presumably altering the reactivation of learning-related patterns during the micro-offline consolidation episodes. Last, stimulation altered the link between the brain and the behavioral markers of the fast consolidation process. ConclusionThese results suggest that stimulation targeting deep brain regions via the prefrontal cortex can be used to modulate hippocampal and striatal reactivations in the human brain and influence motor memory consolidation.

Role of Chemoprophylaxis in Outbreak Control of Pneumonia in an Institutional Setting

Abstract Background: The outbreak of pneumonia among young healthy recruits in military training establishments during winter months is well documented. Rapid gathering of recruits from all parts of the country in crowded living conditions exposes them to a variety of pathogens. The objective of the present investigation was to identify causes, establish diagnosis, imply control measures, and develop future strategies after the occurrence of pneumonia outbreak during winter. Methods: The outbreak was investigated using standard epidemiological methods and medical case sheets, X-ray findings, laboratory findings, etc., to describe the epidemiology and guide the control efforts. Results: Over 3 months, 67 cases of pneumonia occurred among recruits with an attack rate of 11.1/1000 recruits/month. Radiological positivity in the form of consolidation in chest X-ray was found in 100% of cases with complications like pleural effusion in seven cases, of which intercostal chest tube drainage was required in two cases. The outbreak responded rapidly following mass chemoprophylaxis with tablet azithromycin 500 mg in five doses. Conclusion: The outbreak of pneumonia occurred among young healthy recruits (age – 17–23 years) residing in an overcrowded dwelling. Mass chemoprophylaxis was a suitable strategy along with conventional remedial measures such as health advisories, health education, hand hygiene/respiratory hygiene etiquettes, and segregations of affected squads to control the outbreak.

Bumdes Governance As A Benchmarking For Village Fund Management In Alasbuluh Village, Wongsorejo District, Banyuwangi Regency

Village Owned Enterprises are business units that are profit oriented because they are not the same as village enterprises business in general, so that social considerations must be considered in implementing it. On basically BUMDes is a form of consolidation or strengthening of village economic institutions and is wrong one goal is to accelerate the advancement of the village economy. So that people can directly feel the impact. The Randu Jaya BUMDes owned by the Alasbuluh Village government currently still exists and developing, so that it can provide concrete evidence of its success in managing BUMDes, Villages Alasbuluh is used as a benchmark by other villages wishing to learn about management BUMDes.This study used a qualitative method approach with a descriptive research type, in determining the research subject to usepurposive as well as using data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study are,management of village funds and business development which was formed and managed by BUMDes Randu Jaya in Alasbuluh Village.And BUMDes Randu Jaya's efforts to design itself asbenchmark as stagesbenchmarking whell, with policy innovations that are carried out, namely partnering work, forming a standardization team and optimizing social media.