Forest Industry Sector Research Articles

Outlook on foreign economic activities in the forestry sector of Russia and China

ABSTRACT This paper examines the potential of the forest sector in China and Russiaover the past decade to identify the main trends and prospects for developinginternational timber business between the countries. The research showed thatfurther development of foreign economic cooperation between the countriesrequires reindustrialization of the Russian forest industry sector inprocessing and manufacturing wood products.

Validation of a methodology for forest industry sector sustainability assessment

The research is devoted to the development and testing of a methodology for assessing the level of sustainability of the forest industry. The work presents the general specifics of the methodology, the formula for calculating the sustainability index, the justification of the original approach, taking into account the specifics of the forest industry. The method is based on a system of economic, environmental and social indicators. The evaluation is based on the example of the forest sector logging sector. As a result of the approbation, it was determined that sustainability of forest industry development is below average in most regions of the country. The proposed methodology can be used as a justification for the necessity of transformations in the forest industry sector. This direction of industry is recognized as one of the underestimated and perspective in the sphere of modern requirements of the society to development of economy. The activity of the forest industry is associated with both timber production (deforestation) and reforestation. This makes it a unique industry. By using renewable resources in production, the industry can be seen as truly capable of adopting and implementing sustainable development. As a consequence, studies aimed at evaluating the various projects related to sustainable development in the forest industry are highly relevant.

Effects of the Forest industry on the South Korean national economy: evidence from an Input-Output analysis based on the special classification for the Forest industry

Following the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the forest industry sector now combines cutting-edge technology with other industries. Hence, the Special Classification for the Forest Industry was established to clearly define the scope of the forest industry. Therefore, we reclassify the 2018 input-output table of the Bank of Korea based on the Special Classification of the Forest Industry. Specifically, we calculate the proportion of the forest industry that contributes to the products and services of each industry and divide them into forest and non-forest industry sectors to create the input-output table of the forest industry. We find that a direct and indirect production inducement effect of KRW 193.4 million occurs when KRW 100 million is invested in the forest industry. The import inducement coefficient is 0.221 and the value-added inducement coefficient is 0.779. In the labor sector, the total workers inducement coefficient is 12.9 and the employee inducement coefficient is 8.5.

Analysis of Forest Industry Sector in South Sudan and Turkey

Analysis of Forest Industry Sector in South Sudan and Turkey

Serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus di Sumatra Utara

Tanaman eukaliptus (Eucalyptus spp.) merupakan jenis tanaman yang dibudidayakan di hutan tanaman industri (HTI), untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri pulp dan kertas. Salah satu permasalahan dalam budi daya eukaliptus adalah puru daun yang disebabkan oleh serangga dari Ordo Hymenoptera. Puru daun dapat menyebabkan kerusakan daun dan mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga kualitas kayu menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus. Sampel daun yang bergejala puru diambil di areal HTI eukaliptus sektor Tele yang berada di antara Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan dan Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatra Utara. Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi pada antena, mesosoma dorsal, sayap depan, dan tungkai belakang serangga. Hasil identifikasi mendapatkan tujuh spesies serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus, yaitu Ophelimus eucalypti (Gahan) (Eulophidae) sebagai hama puru daun eukaliptus, Eurytoma sp. Illiger (Eurytomidae), Aprostocetus sp. Westwood, Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle, Chrysonotomyia germanica (Erdös), dan Closterocerus chamaeleon (Girault) (Eulophidae) yang berperan sebagai parasitoid dan Diplesiostigma bisetosum Boucek (Tetracampidae) yang belum diketahui perannya.

Regional effects of a green steel industry – fuel substitution and feedstock competition

ABSTRACTForestry and forest industry sectors have vital roles for many regional economies. Consequently, it is important to understand how the introduction of the iron and steel industry (ISI) as a new large consumer of woody materials may affect existing feedstock markets. The use of metallurgical coal can partially or fully be substituted by refined biomass. To analyze the potential consequences of a new woody consumer on regional markets, three regions in northern Sweden and Finland are used as a case. A regional partial equilibrium model is developed, the Norrbotten County Forest Sector Model (NCFSM), and applied on three different scenarios. The purpose of the study is to analyze the intra- and inter-regional effects increased competition for woody materials may have on regional markets and on the economic well-being of the regions. The result suggest that the total welfare effect is relatively small, however, some regional welfare distributional effects are observed. Additionally, the price of roundwood will only be moderately affected if the ISI sector switch from fossil fuels to refined woody biomass. However, secondary woody materials, i.e. by-products and harvesting residues, will experience larger price shifts.

El conocimiento tecnológico y la comunicación interempresarial como elementos del cambio en la gestión asociativa de las pymes de la foresto-industria

This article aims to analyze the behavior and actions of agents related to changes brought about by the emergence of technological knowledge and inter-communication and its effect on organizational change of the SMEs from the Forest-industry sector and related activities, in order to facilitate the association management. To do this, it conducted a qualitative research, conducted in the area of Alto Parana in the province of Misiones, in which data were collected through interviews to twelve entrepreneurs in the Forest-industry and related activities sector. Such information was analyzed using the Atlas ti program version 4.1. Once selected categories of causality effects were studied using a combined method of principal component analysis and qualitative comparative analysis. The results show which are the categories associated with inter-communication and technological knowledge which should operate for short-term organizational change impacts when it is intended to facilitate entry into a process associativity within the sector. The analysis shows that inter-communication has an impact on organizational change. However, technological knowledge is still scarce, and does not show enough evidence to affect organizational change.

Swedish Forest Harvest Level Considering Demand of Biomass for Energy Purposes

This paper presents the development and demonstration of an approach for incorporating decisionsconcerning forest management within the framework of a TIMES energy system model. The presented model explicitly incorporates a number of long-term applicable forest harvest trajectories, thereby endogenously linking decisions concerning harvest levels with the development of the energy system. The operation of the model is demonstrated by evaluating the optimal long-term harvesting level of Swedish forests for the development of the bioenergy and forest industry sectors. The experimental results suggest that in the short term (between 2010 and 2035), an increased national forest harvest level would be benecial for the joint development of the two sectors. Such a short-term increase in harvest levels of forest biomass sources would ensure an adequate and reliable supply of biomass sources for the expansion of the two sectors. However, in the long term (between 2070 and 2100),the endogenously computed forest harvest level stabilized at a reference harvest level corresponding to a continuation of the current trend in forest harvest levels. While the emphasis of this paper is on the methodological development of the model, the experimental results highlights the importance of considering cross-sectorial implications when assessing the future developments of the bioenergy and forest industrial sectors. This paper presents the development and demonstration of an approach for incorporating decisions

Perception of CSR by SME Managers: A Contextualist Analysis in the Forest Industry Sector in Cameroon

Perception of CSR by SME Managers: A Contextualist Analysis in the Forest Industry Sector in Cameroon

Re-homogenization of phase separated forest residue pyrolysis oil by blending

The forest industry sector generates a large amount of low quality wood fractions, known as forest residues, which represent a significant potential resource for cheap bioenergy production. A feasible thermochemical route for valorisation of forest residues is fast pyrolysis. Phase separation is one of the main disadvantages of fast pyrolysis liquids as compared to conventional fossil fuels.In this work it is demonstrated that it is possible to homogenize even naturally aged phase-separated forest residue pyrolysis oil by blending with alcohol (methanol or 1-butanol), obtaining a single-phase fuel suitable for heating and power applications.Differences in homogenization mechanism have been found depending on which alcohol is used. Water content analysis and light microscopy were found to be useful techniques for detailed assessment of homogeneity and storage stability of pyrolysis oil/alcohol blends. Light microscopy is a rigorous and time consuming technique but it allows detection of in-homogeneities in a sample which water content analysis may miss.

Present forest management structures and policies in temperate forests of Mexico: Challenges and prospects for unique tree species assemblages

The temperate forests of Mexico are important economically for many small communities as they provide numerous essential ecosystem services. They also contain the highest biodiversity of oak and pine species in the world. Yet they have not been discussed and investigated as much as other temperate forests. This paper presents these unique temperate forests, the particularities of Mexico's forest management and forestry policies, and some of the main challenges and opportunities forest management poses to Mexican society today. Approximately 80% of the forests are under some form of collective property called comunidades or ejidos, which means that most forest management is based on small community enterprises and small-scale management. However, all forest management activities are regulated by the federal government through the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT). Although the management of these forests shares many of the current challenges affecting all temperate forests, we discuss three challenges that appear to be unique to Mexico: (1) the difficulties in managing such a high number of pine and oak species; (2) the lack of a well-organized and integrated forest industry sector; and, (3) the high level of illegal logging thought to be responsible for almost 50% of the total harvest.

Gaining Competitive Advantage in the New Normal

ABSTRACT The financial crisis that started in mid-2008 has led to a subsequent economic recession. Although officially declared over, global financial degradation may result in a “double-dip” recession with no substantive relief in the near future. Consequently, fundamental shifts within global forestry and the forest industry sectors have taken place with disruptions, dislocations, and uncertainties felt through the entire chain from the forest to markets. This is the worst downturn for forest products markets since the first oil crisis in the 1970s. Manifestations have included decreased demand, fluctuating prices and changed exchange rates, increased competition, overcapacity, low profitability, wood supply problems, and competition for raw materials exacerbated by the emerging bio-based energy sector. Although the ability of the forest sector as a whole to experience strong growth during the recession and when recovery begins is doubtful, there are many actions that individual companies can take to create competitive opportunities during the crisis and solidify position when markets strengthen. This article presents specific actions that can be taken to create or maintain competitive advantage across the forest sector supply chain in this time of crisis.

Understanding communities’ views of nature in rural industry renewal: the transition from forestry to nature-based tourism in Eden, Australia

This scoping paper examines the complex issue of assessing and understanding community views about the restructuring towards nature-based rural tourism of traditional agriculture and forestry rural economies and their activities that had hitherto shaped local identities. It shows how individual resident perceptions can be included within social impact assessment through the use of psychological methods and discusses the relative merits of using personal construct theory -based repertory grids. Ten repertory grid interviews were completed in Eden, New South Wales, Australia. The findings present both the resulting repertory grids and a more detailed discussion of the interpretation of the grids through two narratives that focus on residents considering what, in their opinion, constitutes a sustainable utilisation of local forest land. The discussion examines how the results of this type of analysis can be used to understand individual residents’ decisions to support or reject nature-based tourism proposals in favour of traditional extractive forest-industry sectors. It shows how this assessment system could aid planners in reconciling stakeholder conflict over the ideal usage of public forest land by offering a structured means of giving heterogeneous rural communities a formal voice in tourism-planning processes.

An economic analysis of the potential contribution of forest biomass to the EU RES target and its implications for the EU forest industries

Abstract This study addresses the effects of increasing energy wood prices on the EU forest sector and on the use of wood biomass for energy. We examine different energy wood price levels under two contrasting scenarios of future global development, defined by the A1 and B2 storylines of IPCC. A1 depicts increased globalization and rapid economic growth. In B2, the economic growth is more modest, and the world is more environmentally conscious and regionally oriented. The analysis carried out using the global forest sector model EFI-GTM shows that as energy wood prices increase, the wood imports and reallocation of wood from competing industrial users such as board manufacturers or the pulp and paper industry also increase strongly. The quantity of wood directed from the forest industry to the energy sector would at most be around 20 Mtoe (million tons of oil equivalent) in terms of energy, given a price of 100 €/m 3 of energy wood. Still, this would cover only around 8% of the European Union's RES target for 2020, and an even lower share for 2030. For some forest industry sectors like production of pulp and panels that would mean an important output reduction, around 20–25%. Additional felling could be an important source of wood for bioenergy in the near future, when utilization of the forest resource potential is still not very high. However, toward 2030, forest resource utilization is projected to increase and might become a limiting factor for additional biomass potentials. Given the relatively high economic growth assumed in the scenarios and the rather strong development in the demand for forest industry products, there is a considerable chance that the supply of wood biomass for energy will be largely limited to logging residues in the long run.

Estimating future development of the Turkish plywood sector by the use of models affecting this forest industry sector

In order to benefit more rationally from the wood raw material, a very important natural source today, we should especially deal with the industrial branch processing it. Change and development in the production, import and export quantity and values of Turkish forestry and forest industrial sector has eventually required planning both national forest resources and the sector using these resources on scientific criteria. In this study, based on the last 25 years data, production, import and export potentials of plywood and blockboard in Turkey were analyzed using regression analysis. Consequently, it was estimated that the plywood and blockboard production in 2021 will be 60,000 m3, the export will be 30,000 m3 and import will be 115, 000 m3. Key words: Plywood-block board trade, production, import, export, regression analysis.

Analysis of forest product trade relationships between Turkey and European Union member states

The countries have needed to strengthen their trade relationships in the face of increasing competition conditions with globalization and a lot of unions emerged all over the world. The European Union, remaining in the foreground as an economical, commercial and political factor in these unions, possesses considerable influence, which a lot of countries want to be involved in. Turkey, being in the European integration process, looks for a place in European Union (EU) with its own resources and production power. Production and foreign trade data of the forest products industry, being among Turkey’s important sectors, were compared with 25 different EU countries by using hierarchical cluster analysis, and Turkey’s trade relationship was determined. The production amounts, import and export amounts and the values, between 2002 and 2006, belonging to the EU member countries and Turkey were used. It has been found that all countries could be divided into nine different groups according to countries’ forest products industry structures. Competition advantage is experienced in the board sector but not in the paper and lumber sectors. The forest products industry sectors of Turkey have the capacity to compete with EU countries.

Zur Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der europäischen Holzwirtschaft – eine Constant-Market-Share-Analyse | Competitiveness in the European forest industry sector – a constant market share analysis

The objective of the presented study is to analyse the international competitiveness of the European forest industry sector and that of Switzerland in particular using constant market share (CMS) analysis. The analysis is conducted based on bilateral trade data in monetary terms for the years 2000 to 2005. Timber commodities are grouped into two sectors (the wood sector and the paper sector) as well as into three processing levels (raw wood, semi-finished and finished products). CMS analysis is conducted on two aggregation levels: the forest industry sector on the whole and the forest products sector as part of the semi-finished products sector. The analyses of both aggregation levels show similar results. Most of the traditionally industrialized countries show only low export growth rates. Countries with fast growing economies in general, in particular those from South East Asia and most of the Eastern European countries show high growth rates as well as high positive competitiveness effects. A positive relationship can be identified between a country's timber export growth rate and its competitiveness effect. Within Europe, Eastern European countries are gaining competitive advantage over Middle and Western European countries. CMS analysis indicates low international competitiveness for the Swiss forest industry sector, whereas Austrian and German forestry industry sectors are characterized by higher values of international competitiveness.

XIIIe congrès forestier mondial 2009 Buenos Aires, Argentine Développement forestier : un équilibre vital Résultats et actions stratégiques

The 13th World Forestry Congress met in Buenos Aires with more than 7000 participants. It remains a crossroads of ideas, a focal point for confronting the visions from all over the world of forests, their future and the products and services they can be expected to supply. A message was addressed to the heads of states who planned to attend the Copenhagen COP 15 of the UNFCCC stating that forests are more than carbon. They harbor two thirds of all land-based biodiversity, and generate critical ecosystem goods and services. They sustain the cultural and spiritual identity of billions of men and women. The three main conclusions reached in Buenos Aires promote a more open approach towards society: the forest industry sector is encouraged to gain greater recognition and so be able to impact the various policies that may affect their sector of activity. Furthermore, forests cannot be maintained if they are seen as being a hindrance to development. Their sustainability hinges on the activities they can generate including, but not only, wood production. Comprehensive utilisation of forest resources deserves through investigation, study, and implementation, often through a territorial approach. Financial transfers in favour of proper forest management are essential to win the contest against land clearing for agricultural use. Demand for forest products is expected to build up in the future and foresters speculate about the role of forests in the world economy and in society.

The potential for ecological modernisation in Russia: scenarios from the forest industry

The varying ways in which environmental politics takes place in Russia are analysed by discussing the potentiality of the processes of ecological modernisation. The focus is on the forest industry sector of the Russian economy, which has, like Russia in general, undergone considerable transformations. First, the premises of ecological modernisation theory are discussed, and four potential scenarios for ecological modernisation in Russia are discussed. The recent transformation of environmental politics and the forest industry sector of the economy are then explored. Six empirical case studies from the European part of the Russian Federation are introduced and their analysis pays attention to factors that have proven to be significant in bringing about environmental improvements: state regulation, implementation of technological solutions, pressure from the environmental movement, and enterprise ownership. Based on this framework, the different directions generating incentives, motivations and driving forces for environmental improvements in Russia are analysed, as well as the contradictions arising from these processes.

AHP-based expert analysis of forest industry strategies

This study evaluates different strategic courses of action concerning the whole forest industry sector. The assessments are based on the opinions of a group of experts in Finnish forest industries. The aim of the study is to evaluate the factors of success and their relative weights, and to evaluate the formulated strategy alternatives of the forest industries for the future (the year 2010 and beyond). The decision support method Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been utilised in the assessment of different strategies. With AHP, it is possible to evaluate several strategies and to synthesise qualitative and quantitative factors in the decision making.