Forensic Hypnosis Research Articles

Analisis Penggunaan Hipnosis Forensik Sebagai Metode Komplementer Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Pada Pemeriksaan Saksi Dalam Proses Penyidikan

To find out and analyze the use of forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in proving criminal acts in other countries. To find out and analyze the use of forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in the perspective of proof of criminal acts at the investigative level in IndonesiaThe type of research used is normative juridical. The focus of the normative approach is to find, analyze and then formulate norms for the use of hypnosis. While the focus of the juridical approach is to explain the use of forensic hypnosis in several countries by referring to legal concepts or expert opinions, legal principles or principles and legal sources that apply universally.Whereas forensic hypnosis has been used as a method of examining witnesses in the investigative process in the United States, Canada and Hong Kong where information from the results of forensic hypnosis is used by investigators to search for, collect evidence and strengthen evidence. Meanwhile, de jure court decisions in each country that recognize the use of forensic hypnosis is a source of jurisprudence and legal legitimacy for applying forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in proving criminal offenses at the investigative level in Indonesia. Whereas the use of forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in the perspective of proving a crime at the level of investigation in Indonesia is no different from the method of examining witnesses in the investigation process in general. As a complementary method, it consists of 4 (four) stages namely pre-induction, induction, suggestion and termination where implicitly the use of forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in the investigation process is a manifestation of the investigator's enthusiasm in carrying out other actions according to law.In order to further strengthen and optimize the existence of the use of forensic hypnosis as a method of examining witnesses in the investigative process in Indonesia, it is hoped that the legislature will provide confirmation on the use of forensic hypnosis which must be contained in statutory regulations or in standard procedures.

Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Using Hypnosis

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a global problem and a serious public health issue. Perpetrators often resort to threats and force to incapacitate their victims, including using hypnosis. The use of hypnosis increases the level of difficulty of clinical forensic examination by presenting a diagnostic issue and complicating the formulation of forensic medical expert opinions. This evidence-based case report (EBCR) aims at assessing the available evidence concerning the forensic examination and diagnosis of hypnosis-facilitated CSA. A comprehensive computer-based literature search was performed using several keywords related to the clinical question. The search yielded seven relevant articles. The articles were appraised using general critical appraisal questions from the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford. All articles suggest that there might be a place for hypnosis in a criminal investigation (‘forensic hypnosis’). The evidence on the correct application of forensic hypnosis and its benefits are, however, still inconclusive and conflicting. In cases of suspected sexual assault using hypnosis, forensic hypnosis could potentially help memory recall of the victim and aid forward-thinking in drawing a clear and unambiguous conclusion for the forensic medical expert opinion.

Development Of Forensic Hypnosis Assesment Instrument For PTSD Midwifery Student Of Post Practice Learning Field Maternity

Midwives are very susceptible to experiencing PTSD, but STIKES students never admit to experiencing PTSD after completing the Maternity Field Learning Practice because this is a very sensitive matter so that experience and procedures are needed in the approach. If this is allowed, the PTSD will cause the stress to continue to the level of insanity and suicide. For this reason, a Forensic Hypnosis Assessment Instrument For PTSD is needed to detect PTSD experienced by students after the Maternity Field Learning Practice. This research used R dan D research method involving 2 Expert Validator, 1 Practitioner Validator, and 5 postgraduate students who were willing to be sampled on the instrument limited test. Collecting data using interview sheets. The results of the study were a description of the development of the Forensic Hypnosis Assessment Instrument For PTSD for Midwifery Students Post Maternity Field Learning Practice. Forensic Hypnosis Assessment Instrument For PTSD has good criteria from experts and practitioners. It has a huge potential effect on the detection of PTSD after the Field Learning Practice in Maternity. Forensic Hypnosis Assesment Instrument For PTSD is one of product that could give description, knowledge, and new approach for diagnosing candidate of midwives that ever and being PTSD.

Utilizing Integrated Psychological Investigation Techniques - Focused on the Integration of the Polygraph and Forensic Hypnosis -

최근, 과학수사에서는 자연과학뿐만 아니라 심리학을 기반으로 한 사회과학적 수사가 범죄해결에 있어 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이러한 사회과학적 수사기법에는 진술분석, 행동분석, 범죄분석(프로파일링), 폴리그래프(심리생리검사), 법최면 등이 있다. 이들 기법에는 각각 고유의 특징이 있으며 이들 기법을 통합하여 활용한다면 보다 높은 신뢰도를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 여겨진 다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 피의자 신문조서와 법최면수사 간 기억회상율의 양적차이율은 70.4%가 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 핵심질문과 관련질문에 의한 질적평가에서도 법최면 후 회상진술이 63%가 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 심리생리검사인 폴리그래프검사와 법최면검사의 질적 분석의 통합절차를 통해 도출된 결과가 상호 보완적인 증거자료로의 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.Recently, the social scientific investigation as well as physical science has played an important role in solving crimes. There are statement analysis, behavior analysis, criminal analysis (profiling), psychophysiological test (polygraph test), forensic hypnosis in social scientific investigation techniques. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore when we integrate these techniques in a criminal investigation, it is possible to obtain a higher level of reliability. The results from the current study confirm that there is an increasing level of memorial ability by roughly 70%. The findings from the qualitative analyses also suggest that after implementation of forensic hypnosis, there is a 30% increase in the level of recalled testimony. Thus, the current study confirms the application possibility of integrated results obtained from a qualitative analysis of the polygraph test and forensic hypnosis test as complementary evidence.

Forensic Hypnosis and the Courts

Forensic Hypnosis and the Courts

The rise and fall of forensic hypnosis

This paper examines the fortunes of the controversial use of hypnosis to ‘enhance’ autobiographical memories in postwar America. From the 1950s through the early 1980s, hypnosis became increasingly popular as a means to exhume information thought to be buried within the mind. This practice was encouraged by lay understandings of memory drawn from a material culture full of new recording devices (motion pictures, tape and then video recorders); and during the years when the practice was becoming most popular and accepted, academic psychologists developed a contrary, reconstructive, account of memory that was put to use in a series of battles meant to put an end to hypnotic recall. But popular commitment to the idea of permanent memory ‘recordings’ sustained the practice and the assumptions about memory and self that were associated with it, and in the face of a culture of academic psychology fully committed to the idea of ‘reconstructive’, malleable memory, a tidal wave of ‘enhanced’ memories swept America in the late 1980s and 1990s, in the so-called ‘memory wars’. These, in turn, provoked academic psychologists to research the claims and counter claims central to the memory wars. The paper will also make an argument about the importance of lay knowledge in the psychological sciences explored in this paper: that popular psychological beliefs played a significant, even formative role in defining the nature of forensic psychological expertise, and also the framing of elite academic psychological research.

Inadvertent Adverse Consequences of Clinical and Forensic Hypnosis: Minimizing the Risks

Hypnosis is a psychological intervention tool that can make a gamut of psychological, medical, and dental treatments work more rapidly and effectively. It can also be used profitably with some witnesses, victims, and defendants in forensic and investigative contexts as a data gathering tool. As with any other power tool, its use entails some risks. Since risks cannot be totally avoided, this article examines some ways to minimize the risks of inadvertent adverse or negative consequences as a result of the use of the hypnosis tool. Fundamentals of hypnosis risk management are covered as a foundation for beginners and as a review for experienced practitioners. Various straightforward safeguards that should be heeded by all practitioners are discussed.

How Not to Conduct a Forensic Hypnosis Interview: A Case Study

A forensic hypnosis interview played a major role in a murder conviction. Several years later, the reliability of the interview was called into question leading to a court hearing on whether the methods used by the hypnosis specialist, hired by the police, conformed to the legal guidelines established by the Wisconsin Supreme Court. This article examines the many errors committed by the hypnosis specialist, and the subsequent legal proceedings which altered the verdict.

Manchurian Candidates: Forensic Hypnosis in the Cold War

In the winter of 1960‐1961, Los Angeles newspapers were filled with the story of a young man who had committed a series of murders—acts that were apparently set in motion each time he saw a particular series of images. This was not Richard Condon’s famous character Raymond Shaw, whose fictional story was very much in the press. The protagonist was Henry Adolph Busch, a real LA serial killer. However, his defense—that his actions had been carried out in a trance created by the images he had seen—echoed plot elements of both The Manchurian Candidate and Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho . He claimed that the shower scene in Psycho had triggered each of his several killings. 1 Altered mental states continued to figure in the story after Busch was arrested, when his lawyer hired a prominent expert in “forensic hypnosis.” This technique trawled a witness’s mind for hitherto inaccessible records of the past in order to secure information either about a witness’s behavior or state of mind. From the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, forensic hypnosis grew from a little-known oddity into a fashionable extension of police work. At its peak, many police, lawyers, psy chotherapists, witnesses, and defendants came to see hypnosis as a golden key to the past. This essay reconstructs the history of forensic hypnosis, arguing that it has surprising implications for the history of mind, memory, and behavior as scientific objects during the Cold War. The 1950s and 1960s saw intense anxieties about prac tices with immense power over human perception, motivation, memory, and behavior. Psychology occupied a central place in Cold War anxieties about scientific tech niques that could be used for political purposes, and hypnosis was often center stage in the fears people expressed. Hypnosis turned up in descriptions of Communist projects to take over American minds, in accounts of American marketing “per suaders” working their subtle influence in public spaces, and in governmentsponsored projects such as the Central Intelligence Agency’s (CIA) MK-ULTRA program. But along with worries about the dangers of mind- altering practices came

Solving Crimes with Hypnosis

Following a brief review of the literature on hypnosis and memory, this paper overviews the procedures that are used in conducting forensic hypnosis interviews. Ten forensic hypnosis cases are then described These real world cases are in stark contrast to research done in an artificial laboratory setting where the information to be recalled lacks personal relevance and was not associated with emotionally arousing situations. These cases illustrate how forensic hypnosis can result in obtaining important additional investigative leads which lead to the solving of crimes.

An evaluation of the empirical evidence for and against the validity and usefulness of forensic hypnosis

An evaluation of the empirical evidence for and against the validity and usefulness of forensic hypnosis

The Cognitive Interview: Does It Successfully Avoid the Dangers of Forensic Hypnosis?

Seventy-two undergraduates viewed a videotape of a bank robbery that culminated in the shooting of a young boy. Several days later, participants were interviewed about their recollection of events in the film through baseline oral and written narrative accounts followed by random assignment to a hypnosis (HYP) condition, the cognitive interview (CI), or a motivated, repeated recall (MRR) control interview. Participants also completed a forced interrogatory recall test, which indexed potential report criterion differences between the interview conditions. In terms of information provided for the first time during treatment interviews, HYP led to greater productivity than the CI or the MRR interview, which did not differ significantly from each other. Evidence that these differences in recall resulted primarily from report criterion differences rather than differences in accessible memory was obtained from the forced interrogatory recall test. In this test, no differences were observed between the three interview conditions. Finally, the data revealed that participants' hypnotic ability was associated with the recall of erroneous and confabulatory material for those tested in the HYP and CI conditions but not those in the MRR condition. This suggests that some CI mnemonics may invoke hypnotic-like processes in hypnotizable people.

New directions in forensic hypnosis: facilitating memory with a focused meditation technique

AbstractIn the late 1970s and early 1980s considerable publicity was given to the use of hypnosis as a technique to facilitate witness' memory in police investigations. As empirical evidence mounted, however, a number of limitations and disadvantages emerged with regard to the use of hypnosis in this role. As a consequence, hypnosis as an aid in forensic investigations is now treated with considerable caution and scepticism by many authorities, including the police. However, the present paper re‐examines some of the procedures employed in hypnotic interviewing that might still be useful in the development of brief memory facilitation procedures. In particular, a brief focused breathing meditation (FM) technique is described that uses elements common to hypnotic induction, but divorced from the context label of ‘hypnosis’. An experiment is described using this technique to aid face identification. As in other recent studies conducted by the authors, this procedure showed a memory facilitation effect, though without the increase in false positive errors familiar to more traditional hypnosis techniques; indeed, the trends were for FM to produce fewer false positive errors. Implications are discussed. Copyright © 2004 British Society of Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis

Significant Dates in the History of Forensic Hypnosis

Important dates in the history of forensic hypnosis are identified and their significance is briefly described. Trends regarding the use of forensic hypnosis are highlighted, as well as criticisms of various positions. The authors recommend that professionals who practice forensic hypnosis be thoroughly familiar with the significant precedents, problems, and pitfalls that have arisen concerning the use of hypnosis with memory in forensic settings.

A note on ‘experts’ in forensic hypnosis

AbstractWagstaff (1995), referring to the Expert Criterion Group that was used in Vingoe's (1995) article on the beliefs about forensic hypnosis, suggested that it would be interesting to know the views of those potential expert subjects who were not used in the Expert Criterion Group since, he argued, that a lack of practice in forensic hypnosis would not necessarily invalidate a person's opinions, especially in the area of memory. Results of comparing both groups on the 30 items of the Forensic Hypnosis Understanding and Beliefs Scale, indicated fairly close agreement on 18 items, including eight of the ten‐item Memory and Hypnosis subscale. Using an arbitrary difference in response of 30%, it was found that the groups differed in their response on six items. In conclusion, Wagstaff's suggestion was well supported. Copyright © 1997 British Society of Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis

Hypnosis, Memory, and Behavior in Criminal Investigation

Using Hypnosis in the Forensic Setting. Revelations and Practices in Hypnosis. Suggested Guidelines for Practice. Motivation and Manipulation in Hypnosis. Damage and Dreams in Hypnosis. Stress and Faking in Hypnosis. The Ethics of Hypnosis in the Forensic Setting. A Case Perspective on Hypnosis in the Forensic Setting. A Laboratory View of Issues in Forensic Hypnosis. Conclusions and Reflections.

Illusory safeguards: Legitimizing distortion in recall with guidelines for forensic hypnosis-two case reports

Two amnesic automobile accident victims remembered the information needed for their ongoing lawsuits during hypnosis. Meeting the recording requimments of the Hurd safeguards led to the admission of hypnotically influenced testimony in court in one case, whereas failure to record led to exclusion in the other. In both cases, closed-head trauma almost certainly prevented long-term memory consolidation. Thus adherence to guidelines for forensic hypnosis legitimized distortions in recall instead of preventing them. Hypnosis used to facilitate hypermnesia alters expectations about what can be remembered, makes memory more vulnerable to postevent information, and increases confidence without a corresponding increase in accuracy. Distortion of recall is an inherent problem with the use of hypnosis and hypnotic-like procedures and cannot be adequately pre vented by any set of guidelines.

Forensic hypnosis with children

Although hypnosis with children has been used for many decades as a therapeutic modality, there has been a paucity of reports of such applications utilized as an investigative tool for the retrieval of memories of child victims and witnesses. Three investigative cases are described in which forensic hypnosis was instrumental in aiding their solution. There is a discussion of the unique factors to be considered when working with children, and guidelines are offered for effective practical use.

Contemporary hypnosis research

Part I: Theoretical and Historical Perspectives. Woody, Bowers, Oakman, A Conceptual Analysis of Hypnotic Responsiveness: Experience, Individual Differences, and Context. Dixon, Laurence, Two Hundred Years of Hypnosis Research: Questions Resolved? Questions Unanswered! Part II: Current Empirically Based Theories. Hilgard, Dissociation and Theories of Hypnosis. Spanos, Coe, A Social-Psychological Approach to Hypnosis. Fromm, An Ego-Psychological Theory of Hypnosis. Nash, Hypnosis, Psychopathology, and Psychological Regression. Part III: Surveys of Broad Areas. Barabasz, Barabasz, Research Designs and Considerations. Holroyd, Hypnosis as a Methodology in Psychological Research. Crawford, Gruzelier, A Midstream View of the Neuropsychophysiology of Hypnosis. Kirsch, Council, Situational and Personality Correlates of Hypnotic Responsiveness. Lynn, Sivec, The Hypnotizable Subject as Creative Problem-Solving Agent. Shames, Bowers, Hypnosis and Creativity. Sheehan, The Phenomenology of Hypnosis and the Experiential Analysis Technique. Kahn, Fromm, Self-Hypnosis, Personality, and the Experiential Method. McConkey, The Effects of Hypnotic Procedures on Remembering: The Experimental Findings and Their Implication for Forensic Hypnosis. Brown, Clinical Hypnosis Research since 1986. Perry, Nadon, Button, The Measurement of Hypnotic Ability.

Memory and Mischief in Forensic Hypnosis

Memory and Mischief in Forensic Hypnosis