Foreign Crime Research Articles

외국인 밀집지역의 무질서가 범죄두려움에 미치는 영향과 사회통제에 따른 조절효과

As the number of foreigners in the country increases, existing foreigner neighborhoods are spreading out. As the number of foreign residents increases, foreign crime seems to increase, but the foreign crime rate remains at a similar level. However, in areas where foreigners are concentrated, the top five violent crimes, illegal immigration, and drug-related crimes are increasing compared to those of Koreans, and it is necessary to prepare and operate security policy measures. In addition, the level of fear of crime is higher in the case of Koreans in areas with high concentration of foreigners compared to Koreans in areas with low concentration of foreigners, and it is necessary to continue research on this topic. Therefore, this study set up a research model based on disorder and social control factors, which are the main influencing factors that are related to crime fear in previous studies. This study aimed to test the moderating effects of formal social control and informal social control on the relationship between foreigners' and locals' perceptions of disorder and general crime fear in foreigner-dense areas. The results showed that the level of perceived social disorder influenced general crime fear among foreigners, and both physical disorder and social disorder influenced general crime fear among natives. Finally, the moderating effect of social control was found to be that for foreigners, formal social control moderated both social disorder and general fear of crime. Based on this, it can be seen that it is necessary to strengthen formal social control in areas where foreigners are concentrated and build a social system that allows informal social control to function properly. It is hoped that the results of this study will be used as a basis for the development of public security policies to resolve problems such as the increase in the number of foreigners in Korea and the fear of crime that may arise due to the continuous increase in the number of foreigners staying in Korea.

외국인 밀집지역 내 내국인 거주민의 외국인에 대한 편견과 범죄두려움의 관계

As of 2023, Korea is living a life where various races coexist beyond a multicultural society due to rapid globalization that has progressed from the past. Nevertheless, the increasing number of crimes against foreigners is increasing the fear of crimes among Koreans. In particular, foreign crimes have led to prejudice against foreigners, and this prejudice causes foreigners to be alienated from society and Koreans to not be able to live with foreigners. For this reason, social cohesion in areas where foreigners are concentrated decreases, and collective efficiency decreases. Collective efficiency is one of the main factors that explain crime fear, and when collective efficiency decreases, crime fear increases. Therefore, this study attempted to present an academic basis to establish a safe society by living with foreigners by identifying the relationship between crime fear, prejudice against foreigners, and collective efficiency of Koreans living in areas where foreigners are concentrated. Based on the group threat theory, the study tried to verify the mediating effect of collective efficiency in the relationship between prejudice against foreigners and fear of crime. Studies have shown that collective efficiency mediates the relationship between prejudice against foreigners and fear of crime. Based on the results, the conclusion suggested ways to reduce prejudice against foreigners by using a bias reduction strategy and to increase the collective efficiency of Koreans living in foreign-dense areas through joint foreign patrols.

사회보장적 의미에서의 범죄피해자보호

The most fundamental question in crime victim support is the basis and limitations of crime victim support. It is a question of how far the protection of crime victims will be possible in terms of practical support and intervention in addition to the guarantee of rights in criminal proceedings. If support for crime victims starts with the incomplete fulfillment of the state's crime prevention responsibilities, state intervention will be sufficient to return to the pre-crime state. However, if this is approached in terms of social security or social welfare, the living condition as a more complete and normal member of society should be guaranteed, but if it is approached in terms of crime victim relief, national intervention will always be limited to secondary intervention based on the principle of supplementation.
 In other words, depending on what ideology the state approaches crime victims with, the method or limit of national intervention in crime victims will differ in its direction. This is expected to have a great influence on the 4th Basic Plan for Crime Victims.
 Until recently, the most discussed categories are areas where it is difficult to set limits on the state's role, such as the scope of rescue for foreigners affected by crime in Korea, the possibility of rescue for domestic victims, intervention for victims of negligence, and recognition of indirect victims of non-crime victims. In this regard, the 4th Basic Plan already includes the expansion of the structure of victims of negligence resulting in death, domestic crime victims abroad, and domestic foreign crime victims. However, in that this is a basic plan, to what extent it will be realized is also a matter of future policy decisions.
 First of all, it would be liked to approach the extent to which crime victim protection will be possible from the perspective of social security and solidarity.
 It is necessary to organize the terms, and to examine specifically what the nation can help by organizing terms that are conceptualized as the basis for national intervention such as guarantee, welfare, compensation, relief and protection. And then would like to examine whether access to intervention in crime victims can be made in terms of community solidarity, and analyze the difference in crime victim protection based on existing theories and social security theories and principles of solidarity.

«Людоеды, или Люди шестидесятых годов» Д. Д. Минаева, «Преступница, или нет» В. П. Буренина: как сделана пародия

Parodies and travesty texts of Russian journalism of the early 1870s (published in “Iskra” and “Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti”) are considered in the aspect of genre functions, conventions, and elements of the “contract” between the author and the reader. The paper attempts to contextualize the parodies “Cannibals, or people of the sixties” (1871) by D. D. Minaev and “She is a criminal, or not?” (1872) by V. P. Burenin following the changing field of literature and journalism, in particular, a crisis of the polemic novel, growing popularity of actionpacked fiction and mass literature, competition of “thick magazines”, weeklies, and newspapers. Special attention is paid to the editions of two parodies. Minaev’s parody “Cannibals, or people of the sixties” is an anti-nihilistic novel in the carnival space of grotesque and satire. By revealing the unsightly sides of the originals and prototypes, excessive eroticism (against V. Avenarius and V. Krestovsky) and sensational deviance (forcing one to recall A. Pisemsky, N. Leskov and F. Dostoyevsky), indicate the exhaustion of the source material. Burenin’s parody also demonstrates the exhaustion of topical themes and motives. Claiming to be a “follower” of A. Dumas-fils, E. Zola, P. A. Ponson du Terrail, Burenin skillfully parodies both a foreign crime novel (first of all, Wilkie Collins) and domestic examples of the “same” genre (Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Akhsharumov). The parodies under study combine the baroque with the postmodernist aesthetics, making these texts available for further interpretation and commentary.

Particular characteristics of recidivism of foreign criminals subjected to conviction in Russia

Russia is attractive to foreign citizens not only for its originality which lies in the beauty of people and nature or in the presence of unique attractions. They are also attracted by the possibility of doing work and business. However, not all foreign citizens are law-abiding. Some of their representatives are distinguished by illegal behavior. It happens that noncitizens of Russia commit crimes. Purpose of the research: to consider the state, structure and dynamics of crimes of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation; to work out the categories of crimes for which they are convicted; to give information about representatives of foreign countries dominating places of imprisonment; to assess the nature of the repetition of crimes committed in Russia by foreign immigrants; to reveal their age range and give information about the commission of repeated crimes in Russia by foreigners who have served their sentences in domestic correction facilities. Methods: the work based on a systematic approach widely uses general scientific and specific scientific methods. General scientific methods, such as logical, structural-functional, analysis and synthesis methods, made it possible to identify the features of the foreigners’ recidivism risk in Russia. Modern criminological concepts based on such specific scientific methods as the method of interpretation and the methods of interpreting documents have successfully fostered the development of the research problem. Main results: the research made it possible to assess the nature of “foreign crime” in the Russian Federation and the recidivism rate of foreign immigrants. Novelty: the research shows the contingent of foreign citizens serving sentences in Russian correction facilities and differentiated by categories of crimes; it also presents their criminological features, reveals the post-penitentiary recidivism of foreign immigrants, it gives a comparative assessment of foreigners’ repeated crimes in Russia and at home.

Facebook Posts : Exploration and Comprehension of Sensationalism

The research was done to explore and ratify sensationalism in Facebook posts as is present in the mass media. The question is whether the news through Facebook posts evokes sensationalism in the same way as it happens in case of mass media. To check the degree of sensationalism, 150 posts from three genres of crime, politics, and social interest were chosen as a stimulus in the form of news. Fifty respondents responded to 150 posts on a 7 - point Likert scale. The research tried to understand whether there is any difference in sensationalism towards sensational Facebook posts among people, or is it the same ; is there any difference in sensationalism towards Facebook posts from three different areas of crime, politics, and social interest; and whether people responded differently to foreign crime and Indian crime posts. The study also examined whether pro - BJP and anti - BJP posts evoked a different level of sensationalism. The research concluded that people exhibited a different degree of sensation towards sensational posts on Facebook ; while crime posts were found to be more sensational than social interest posts and political posts, the crime posts from the US scored higher than the Indian crime posts on being sensational.

외국인 범죄 특성 분석에 관한 연구

이 연구는 최근 전체인구의 5%대에 육박할 정도로 외국인이 증가하면서 외국인 범죄 또한 증가하고 있음을 통계적으로 증명하고, 외국인 범죄의 원인 및 특징, 범죄 실태 및 증가양상, 그리고 개선방안을 제시하고자 진행하였다. 이를 위해 외국인 규모, 범죄 현황 등은 대검찰청‧경찰청 등의 범죄 통계자료 (2013-2017)를 교차 분석하였으며, 외국인 범죄의 특징은 기존 선행연구와 통계자료 분석 결과를 활용하 였다. 외국인 범죄는 개인적‧경제적‧사회문화적 요인과 함께 취업이라는 경제적 원인, 가치체계의 상이성 으로 발생한다. 이로 인해 발생한 외국인 범죄는 수사 및 증거수집의 어려움, 우리 형사절차에 대한 거부, 재판과정의 관대함 등의 특징이 있다. 이러한 착안해 다인종‧다문화 융화정책을 실시하고, 외국인 에 대한 한국어 교육 강화, 우리국민 대상 외국인에 대한 오해예방 교육이라는 외국인 범죄 예방 대책을 도출하였다. 이제 우리사회는 인구감소에 대비해 이민 확대를 심각하게 고려하고 있는 상황이다. 외국인 의 증가는 불가피하며, 외국인에 대한 혐오나 거부감은 이들에 대한 차별로 진화하고, 결국 외국인의 내국인 대상 범죄 증가로 이어짐은 사례를 통해 확인되고 있다. 이 연구가 외국인 범죄 감소를 위한 우리 입법‧사법당국의 활동에 도움이 되길 기대한다.

A Study on Foreign Crimes and Countermeasures in Korean Society

A Study on Foreign Crimes and Countermeasures in Korean Society

외국인 이주자와 범죄 : 잠재적 범죄자 인식과 다문화 수용도

외국인 이주자와 범죄 : 잠재적 범죄자 인식과 다문화 수용도

Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing as Transnational Organized Crimes

IUU Fishing (Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing) is a fishing activity conducted in territorial waters or EEZ of a country that is unlawfully or unlicensed, and it is not reported or incorrectly reported either on its operations or the data of the vessels and its catch to the authorized fisheries institution. IUU fishing criminals are often a group of foreign organized crime that may cause the implementation of legal proceedings against IUU fishing perpetrators will be more difficult due to the limitations of coastal state jurisdiction. IUU fishing has become a global threat because this crime has occurred in many countries and resulted in enormous losses to the coastal state. Therefore, IUU fishing needs to be recognized as a transnational organized crime. The classification of IUU fishing as an organized transnational crime will facilitate the process of eradicating the practice of IUU fishing because every country should cooperate in the settlement and prevention of IUU fishing crime. Thus, IUU fishing is not only the responsibility of the coastal state alone, but also the global responsibility.

국내 체류 외국인 범죄 대응 시스템 개선방안

국내 체류 외국인 범죄 대응 시스템 개선방안

Peculiarities of Reception of Foreign Crime Prevention Practices in the Russian Federation

Peculiarities of Reception of Foreign Crime Prevention Practices in the Russian Federation

Romanian Mafia in Italy

After reviewing the most recent studies on foreign crime in Italy, the article focuses especially on the six-monthly surveys of the AMID, years 2004-2013. The research reveals some characteristics of the phenomenon: 1. Its episodic nature, although recently even in judicial documents, referred to a Romanian criminal group, there may be read the typical qualification of mafia association; 2. Its limited field within the boundaries of the national community with poor episodes (except for unskilled labor) of contact with other ethnic groups or with major Italian criminal organizations ;3. Its entrenchment mainly inside the central-north regions of Italy and in Lazio, much less in southern Italy; 4. The main criminal activity fields focused on female prostitution, robberies, sometimes with peaks of violence judged by the investigators as characteristics of the Romanians, the frequency of cyber crimes, such as payment cards cloning and so on.

Mafia romena in Italia

After reviewing the most recent studies on foreign crime in Italy, the article focuses especially on the six-monthly surveys of the AMID, years 2004-2013. The research reveals some characteristics of the phenomenon: 1. Its episodic nature, although recently even in judicial documents, referred to a Romanian criminal group, there may be read the typical qualification of mafia association; 2. Its limited field within the boundaries of the national community with poor episodes (except for unskilled labor) of contact with other ethnic groups or with major Italian criminal organizations; 3. Its entrenchment mainly inside the central-north regions of Italy and in Lazio, much less in southern Italy; 4. The main criminal activity fields focused on female prostitution, robberies, sometimes with peaks of violence judged by the investigators as characteristics of the Romanians, the frequency of cyber crimes, such as payment cards cloning and so on.

지역사회 경찰활동 관점에서 본 현장 경찰활동

최근 치안환경의 급변에 따른 지역주민들의 경찰에 대한 기대와 범죄의 두려움에 대한 안전이 높아지고 있으며, 경찰과 지역주민들과의 상호협력적인 관계를 조성하는 전 국가적 경찰활동의 패러다임으로 지역사회 경찰활동이 대두되고 있다. 한국 경찰활동도 변화하여 지역사회 경찰활동의 일환으로 2003년부터 지역경찰제를 시행 중이며, 최근에는 정부 추진에 따른 안전도시 프로그램의 실시, 다문화 가정 보호활동, 외국인 범죄 대응, 사회적 약자 보호 활동 등과 같이 범죄예방 뿐만 아니라 국민의 생활안전을 위한 활동 중심으로 변화하고 있는 추세이다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 지역사회 경찰활동의 세 가지 구성요소인 전략지향적 경찰활동(SOP), 이웃 지향적 경찰활동(NOP), 문제 지향적 경찰활동(POP)의 현장중심활동의 실태를 살펴보고 그에 따른 정책적 제언을 제시하고자 한다. Recently, with the sudden changes in the security environment, expectations towards the police and fear towards safety are increasing. Thus, the local community police operation, which creates a mutually cooperative relationship between the police and local residents, is coming to the fore as the paradigm of the nationwide police operation. The police operation in Korea has also gone through change, and as part of the local community police operation, Korea has implemented a community police system since 2003. Recently, the system has been going through change in that the operations are centralizing around not only prevention of crime including the safe city program, protection of multicultural families, response to foreign crime, protection of the socially disadvantaged but also life security of the citizens. Along these lines, this study seeks to examine conditions of the three elements of local community police operation - Strategic Oriented Policing (SOP), Neighborhood Oriented Policing (NOP), Problem Oriented Policing (POP) - and policy suggestions accordingly.

Crime Prevention in Ethnic Areas Focusing on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design

The purpose of this study is to consider crime prevention measures in ethnic areas focusing on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) by an analysis of crime data and field survey. In this study, it was found that the main type of foreign crime that occurred in the research area was violence, and crimes committed by Koreans, which were mainly violence and crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, and sexual offences, occurred steadily. Because it was found that crimes were related to the urban planning elements comprised of land use such as traditional market, inn, pub, and complicated space structure and the architectural design for natural surveillance and security facilities such as CCTV, lighting, alarm, and target hardening device, a new strategy for crime prevention design should include street environmental management, improvement of commercial facilities, and reinforcement security device of each buildings has to be spread through support of policy. In conclusion it was thought that CPTED would be a valuable measure to prevention crime and support community activities in ethnic area as expecting an improvement of physical environment and resident participatory for safer community.

Transnational and Organized Crime in Oceania

Oceania has a relatively low level of crime prevalence yet in the smaller and under-developed PICs we have shown that transnational crime has become increasingly common. A risk contained but potentially dangerous if state failure or fragility undermines law enforcement capacities. We predict that as the pace of globalization quickens and the demand for raw materials and resources grows some parts of the Pacific will be prone to criminal enterprises run by both indigenous and foreign crime groups. Australia and New Zealand will remain attractors of illicit goods notably ATS but will in turn be source countries for diminishing fish stock such as beche de mere and abalone as well forest timber. Finally the role of states such as Australia and New Zealand in helping to maintain law enforcement capacities throughout the region will be crucial if organized crime in Oceania is to be kept in check while demand for illicit resources grow.

상가 및 쇼핑센터의 범죄예방진단 프로그램 개발

Recently, in contemporary society, because of the international economic crisis and the increase of unemployment, there are dangerous crime elements that threaten the safety of citizen. The Safety from the crime is important as much as existence of need. Therefore, in order to make the safety of community, the government needs to make the best effort. In everyday life, crime is the fear of the target. Therefore, if the government can not solve the crime problem, the quality of citizen`s life can not improve. In order to safety of community, this study is the one of the crime prevention diagnosis about shopping district and shopping mall. Also, this study can apply to the policy. If this study can apply to the policy, the safety of citizen`s life will be protecting. The content of this study consist of introduction in chapter 1, theoretical consideration in chapter 2, foreign crime prevention diagnosis evaluation in chapter 3, crime prevention diagnosis in chapter 4 and conclusion in chapter 5.

The Current Situation and the Main Contents of the domestic Reception of International Criminal Law

Due to the impact of internationalization and globalization of foreign crimes is increasing. As a result, the field of criminal law that the state is expanding the scope of cooperation. The Republic of Korea's economic growth since 1990 while human and material exchanges with foreign countries grew, the influence due to the Republic of Korea from committing a crime criminals fleeing abroad is also increasing. The phenomenon of the internationalization of crime while faster terrorism, drug trafficking, human trafficking and international organized crime has also increased. And foreign citizens from increased crime carried a sentence in a foreign country, as well as citizens serving in foreign countries was also increased, as a result, the state of criminal law the principle of substantial part of the correction was inevitable. For international crimes, International Criminal Law traditionally does not conflict with the sovereignty of foreign countries within the area of criminal law applicable to a range of prescribed laws and regulations of the Penal Code is the coverage of place. Today, however, the effect on the results of a foreign court, enforcement, transfer of foreign criminal procedure and criminal judicial cooperation, criminal jurisdiction, including information on international transport prisoners are being expanded. The international criminal court, depending on the expansion of Korea's tendency to create Law of on Extradition and Criminal justice assistance law are implemented. The current July 2009, for criminal justice cooperation treaties with 26 countries was signed, a crime that can be transported into the country and 29 countries and signed treaties. And Romes Statute of the International Criminal Court, Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced CETS No.: 112 for a concrete realization, the International Criminal Court the jurisdiction to punish for criminal law and international transport prisoners and law enforcement is to establish. South Korea and China to increase exchanges between the real human situation, in March 2009 is currently detained in prison, the Republic of Korea, China National convicts 124 people, in May 2009 drafts are currently in prison in the Republic of Korea Chinese prisoners of 622 people, Therefore, the Republic of Korea is admitted to the prison of the Chinese, the most important foreign prisoners are accounted for. South Korea and China in the lively exchanges between the crimes committed by South Korea who was also raised to increase the possibility that prisoners will continue to grow as a result is expected. Prisoners housed in prisons in China are Korean language communication problems, such as treatment issues and are experiencing many difficulties in ensuring the basic rights. So, families of prisoners and prisoners in this area needs improvement, and for transporting prisoners and the results have a high interest in the treaty is being evaluated. Mongolia, South Korea by the practical need for these (Mongolia, 2007.5.28. Signed, August 23, 2008 effective) as second only to China, May 27, 2008 Treaty between the Republic of Korea and the People's Republic of China on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons was signed. And July 6, 2009 Different countries has been confined to prison for convicts sentenced to the punishment of his country's remaining period of the certificate in their home country to send the treaty were exchanged. The treaty for the rest of the prisoners by more than 1 year if they want the rest of the nation's prison and was able to. The of August 5, 2009 Republic of Korea and China becoming effective extradition treaties, mutual legal assistance treaty criminal and civil judicial cooperation and mutual legal assistance treaties with all the major treaties have been effective. In this study, increasing phenomenon of international criminal justice cooperation in accordance with acceptable international criminal law on the domestic level and the main topics discussed extradition system, on the International Criminal Court Rome Statute, the international system and the prisoners transferred the contents of the relevant international conventions and examine the status of agreement. And Law of on Extradition, International Criminal Court jurisdiction over the crime rate on the penalty law, Convicts transported International Law look at some of the key information, and should. Language: ko

Corruption and Organized Crime in Mexico in the Post-PRI Transition

President Fox has made the improvement of public safety and reduction in corruption priorities of his government. Backed by an educated urban middle-class electorate, he faces fundamental challenges to the achievement of his goals. These include a legacy of institutionalized PRI (Institutionalized Revolutionary Party) corruption, limited respect for the rule of law, and the penetration of drug trafficking groups into the state structure. Mexico's long border with the United States has contributed to the rapid rise in organized crime and the use of Mexican territory by foreign crime groups. Mexico's past may preclude the transition to a more democratic and open society despite the best of presidential intentions and the desires of much of the Mexican population.