Temperament significantly influences the productivity, welfare, and handling of cattle. This study investigates the relationship between temperament and hair whorl characteristics in Gir calves, focusing on sex-specific behavioral differences. A total of 14 Gir calves (7 males, 7 females) were monitored over 90 days. Temperament was assessed using chute score and flight speed, and hair whorl position and direction were recorded. Results indicated that male calves exhibited lower chute and flight scores, reflecting calmer behavior. In contrast, most female calves showed higher temperament scores. Hair whorl analysis revealed a strong association: male calves predominantly had high and clockwise whorls indicators of agitation while female calves had middle and anti-clockwise whorls associated with calmer temperaments. These findings support the use of hair whorl patterns as early indicators of temperament in Gir calves and suggest that sex plays a significant role in behavioral responses but it’s direction on fore head alone may not reliably predict temperament in Gir calves and therefore need to include flight speed and crush or chute score for assessment of temperament and behavior of calf.

A rare stop-gain SNP mutation in BrGL2 confers short hair phenotype of Chinese cabbage via bulked-segregant analysis sequencing, fine-mapping and gene silencing analysis. Trichomes negatively affect the quality of Chinese cabbage, a leafy vegetable crop in the family Brassicaceae. The short hair trait is caused by abnormal trichome development. In this study, the BraA07g025490.3C gene was identified as a candidate gene for the short hair trait in Chinese cabbage by BSA-seq and fine-mapping analyses. It was subsequently named BrGL2 because of its strong homology to AtGL2 (At1g79840). Sequence analysis indicated that a C to G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation in the sixth exon of BrGL2 produced a premature stop codon in the HCW (short hair) line, resulting in a loss-of-function mutation of BrGL2. This stop-gain SNP mutation was found exclusively in the HCW line, and not in 524 diverse B. rapa accessions. Further analysis by virus-induced gene silencing showed that the knock-down of BrGL2 in HN19-G lines (wild-type hair) reduced the size of leaf trichomes. BrGL2 affected trichome development probably by impacting the expression of downstream transcription factor genes and cell wall-related genes, as determined by comparative transcriptome analyses of wild type and short hair lines. On the basis of the identification and verification of the key stop-gain SNP mutation in BrGL2 resulting in aborted trichome development in Chinese cabbage, we propose a model for trichome development.

Abstract Objectives Penile girth enhancement using hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is a sought-after procedure for men aiming to improve penile aesthetics and self-confidence. Despite its growing popularity, there is limited comprehensive data on patient outcomes and safety profiles. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous HA injections for penile girth enhancement. Methods A retrospective audit of patient outcomes after penile girth enhancement with subcutaneous HA filler injections conducted at one Center between January 2022 and August 2024. The following data was collected: - Pre and post-operative flaccid penile girth. - Patient reported satisfaction rates. - Complications. The procedure was conducted under local anaesthesia and aseptic conditions. A puncture was made in the pubic hair line with an 18G spinal needle followed by the introduction of a 17G injection cannula. The HA filler was then injected dorso-laterally in a fan shapped manner in the areolar space between the dartos and Buck’s facia. The puncture site was sealed with tissue glue and a water proof dressing. Patients were instructed to massage the filler in order to maintain symmetry and to avoid intercourse for 3 weeks. Results 324 patients were included in this study, the mean patient age was 35 (22–65). The Mean follow up duration was 9 (2-24) months. The mean HA filler injected per patient was 15 (10-30) ml. The mean increase in flaccid girth was 2.5 (1.5-4) cm. The mean HA filler longevity was 12 (9-24) months. The patient reported satisfaction rates were 89%. No serious adverse events were encountered; the following complications were recorded: asymmetry; 20 patients (6.1%), managed by HA filler top up. Migration of HA filler in the foreskin; 25 patients (7.7%), managed by hylase injection. HA filler lumps; 15 patients (4.6%), managed by hylase injections. Infection; 5 patients (1.5%), managed with oral antibiotics. Four patients (1.2%) did not like the filler and wanted it removed which was done by hylase injections. Conclusions Penile girth enhancement by subcutaneous Hyaluronic acid injection is a safe and effective procedure which is associated with high patient-satisfaction rates. Conflicts of Interest None.

Background Age-related alterations in the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) drive skin aging and are linked to numerous dermatological conditions, including diminished wound healing and compromised skin integrity. Our study aims to quantify and compare the distribution of collagen, elastic fibers, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) across different ages and analyze their patterns in vertical sections of the facial dermis. Methods Skin samples were collected from the under-eye (UE) and forehead (FH) regions of 24 male and female human cadavers aged 59-87. Samples were processed histologically. Collagen, elastic fibers, and GAG content were stained using trichrome, van Gieson, and alcian blue stains, respectively. The data was collected using ImageJ software. Two-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test was used to analyze differences across regions and stain types. Results The FH region showed significantly higher GAGs in horizontal sections compared to vertical (p < 0.0001), with no significant differences in collagen (p = 0.9968) or elastic fibers (p = 0.8762). In the UE region, GAGs were also higher in horizontal sections (p = 0.0001), while collagen (p = 0.3954) and elastic fibers (p > 0.9999) showed no differences. Comparing FH and UE, vertical sections showed significant differences in collagen (p = 0.021) and GAGs (p = 0.0027), with higher values in FH. Horizontal sections showed significantly higher GAGs in FH (p = 0.001), with no differences in collagen (p = 0.5709) or elastic fibers (p > 0.9999). ECM changes were significant with age, but no differences were observed based on gender. Conclusions These findings offer novel insights into the structural and functional differences in the facial dermis, which can inform targeted anti-aging treatments, improve strategies for wound healing, and guide personalized dermatological interventions for skin integrity and rejuvenation.

Detection of blood vessels in retinal is a primary step for diagnose hypertension and glaucoma. Numerous techniques have been developed for detection of retinal blood vessels but lack of robustness. In this paper, a new method is presented to improve the accuracy of finding retinal blood vessels and to remove the unwanted hair line by fractional fuzzy local binary pattern (FFLBP). In FFLBP several membership functions is applied for each pixels and the membership function having maximum entropy is opted as membership function for the corresponding pixel and new weightage matrix have been introduced for find local binary pattern(LPB) code. After applying FFLBP, it gives improved results along with the removal of hair lines. The results of the presented method are compared with existing edge detection methods. Quantitative measures show that the presented work gives finer performance.

Nowadays, portrait drawing has become increasingly popular as a means of developing artistic skills and nurturing emotional expression. However, it is challenging for novices to start learning it, as they usually lack a solid grasp of proportions and structural foundations of the five senses. To address this problem, we have studied Portrait Drawing Learning Assistant System (PDLAS) for guiding novices by providing auxiliary lines of facial features, generated by utilizing OpenPose and OpenCV libraries. For PDLAS, we have also presented the exactness assessment method to evaluate drawing accuracy using the Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) algorithm. It calculates the similarity score between the drawing result and the initial portrait photo. Unfortunately, the current method does not assess the hair drawing, although it occupies a large part of a portrait and often determines its quality. In this paper, we present a hair drawing evaluation algorithm for the exactness assessment method to offer comprehensive feedback to users in PDLAS. To emphasize hair lines, this algorithm extracts the texture of the hair region by computing the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the hair image. For evaluations, we applied the proposal to drawing results by seven students from Okayama University, Japan and confirmed the validity. In addition, we observed the NCC score improvement in PDLAS by modifying the face parts with low similarity scores from the exactness assessment method.

Selenium (Se) can cause poisoning in the human body, including dry, brittle, and easy‐to‐fall‐off hair, white spots and longitudinal lines of nails, skin damage, nervous system abnormalities, and even death. In order to optimize the experimental process for the sensitive detection of Se in samples by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), an excellent experimental technique was selected to provide a reference for Se detection. In this study, the 3 soil sample preparation techniques were evaluated, i.e., the boiling water bath (BWB) method, electrothermal plate digestion (EPD) method, and microwave‐assisted digestion (MAD) method. The Se content of soil samples were analyzed AFS and compared. The precision and accuracy of the calculation of soil standard were measured in parallel, and the recovery rate of the added standard was detected. The results show that the relative standard deviation (RSD) of BWB, EPD, and MAD was 2.16%, 3.78%, and 2.05%, respectively. The recoveries of BWB, EPD, and MAD ranged from 92.82%∼95.93%, 83.59%∼88.47%, to 96.92%∼97.86%, respectively. In short, compared with EPD, BWB and MAD can fully dissolve soil samples with ease, cost‐effectiveness, reduced labor intensity, shorter experiment time, and high accuracy.

The study was conducted in 2020 and data was collected randomly from ten Gram panchayats spread across five blocks of Sundargarh district of Odisha, the total farmers being 96 in the tribal area who had stopped using System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in paddy cultivation. It was found that in spite of all efforts and incentives the farmers were not developing enthusiasm to continue the method. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to assess the causes of discontinuance in SRI method of rice cultivars. It revealed that poor adoption of raising nursery beds at 80-100 cm height, putting seedlings in a thin metal sheet for transplanting, applying recommended dose of manure or vermicompost and green manuring, applying nitrogen in three splits, alternate drying and wetting of the main field, light irrigation during hair line cracks and applying minimum of four weeding at 10 days interval. Path analysis revealed that the socio-economic attribute education through housing pattern, annual income, extension contact, social participation, agricultural implements use significantly influenced adoption practices.

The presence of dispersed-phase droplets can result in a notable increase in a system's drag. However, our understanding of the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains limited. In this study, we use three-dimensional direct numerical simulations with a modified multi-marker volume-of-fluid method to investigate liquid–liquid two-phase turbulence in a Taylor–Couette geometry. The dispersed phase has the same density and viscosity as the continuous phase. The Reynolds number $Re\equiv r_i\omega _i d/\nu$ is fixed at 5200, the volume fraction of the dispersed phase is up to $40\,\%$ , and the Weber number $We\equiv \rho u^2_\tau d/\sigma$ is approximately 8. It is found that the increase in the system's drag originates from the contribution of interfacial tension. Specifically, droplets experience significant deformation and stretching in the streamwise direction due to shear near the inner cylinder. Consequently, the rear end of the droplets lags behind the fore head. This causes opposing interfacial tension effects on the fore head and rear end of the droplets. For the fore head of the droplets, the effect of interfacial tension appears to act against the flow direction. For the rear end, the effect appears to act in the flow direction. The increase in the system's drag is attributed primarily to the effect of interfacial tension on the fore head of the droplets which leads to the hindering effect of the droplets on the surrounding continuous phase. This hindering effect disrupts the formation of high-speed streaks, favouring the formation of low-speed ones, which are generally associated with higher viscous stress and drag of the system. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of drag enhancement reported in our previous experiments.

Abstract Hair plays an important role in a person’s appearance. According to a survey by the World Health Organization, approximately 70% of adults have scalp and hair problems. Doctors currently make hairline recession diagnoses based on hair loss criteria, but this approach is subjective. This paper proposes a novel method for objectively assessing hairline recession grades. First, the Bilateral Segmentation Network model is utilized to obtain a facial segmentation image. Second, this paper utilizes the connected components method to improve the facial segmentation results. Next, the labeling key points method is used to extract part of the features of the eyebrow and facial region and calculate the related values. Finally, the judgment of hairline length and hairline recession grade is realized by combining these features with camera calibration. In this paper, front-face images of 50 volunteers were collected for hairline recession grade determination. The judgment results of expert doctors on hairline length and hairline recession grade were compared with the judgment results of this method. The results showed a 1.3 cm difference in the average length of the hairline and about 80% similarity in hairline recession grade judgments. In conclusion, using machine vision methods to measure the height of the hairline provides objective and repeatable results.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hydration status on the change in sweat sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), and potassium (K+) concentrations during exercise‐heat stress. Fifteen subjects (Six female, nine male; 29 ± 9 y; 71 ± 14 kg) completed 90 min of cycling (81% HRmax) in the heat (~33°C, 42% rh) with fluid replacement to maintain euhydration (EUH) or without fluid to dehydrate to 2.4 ± 0.4% body mass loss (DEH). Sweat was collected from the forehead (FH), right scapula (SCAP), and left (LVFA) and right (RVFA) ventral forearms using the absorbent pad technique at the beginning (0–30 min) and end of exercise (60–90 min). Sweat was analyzed for Na+, Cl−, and K+ concentrations using ion chromatography. Data are reported as mean ± SD or median ± IQR. There were no differences (Paired t‐tests or Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests) between EUH and DEH in the change in sweat Na+ (FH: 24.3 ± 21.5 vs. 30.8 ± 22.4 mmol/L; SCAP: 9.7 ± 6.2 vs. 9.6 ± 8.2 mmol/L; LVFA: 7.5 ± 6.0 vs. 5.6 ± 5.9 mmol/L; RVFA: 8.2 ± 8.6 vs. 7.8 ± 5.2 mmol/L), sweat Cl−, or sweat K+ at any site (p = 0.07–0.99). The change in sweat electrolyte concentrations during 90 min of exercise in the heat was not significantly influenced by mild dehydration in recreational to moderately‐trained male and female athletes.

The comparing small type (T9) and big type (ICP 7035), which were extracted by hexane maceration, this study looks at the properties of pigeon pea oil in hair treatment products. It finds that the percentage yield of big seed (ICP 7035) oil is higher than that of small seed (T9) oil, at 9.64 ± 0.10 and 9.32 ± 0.08, respectively. A study on the chemical properties of the oil revealed values for saponification, acidity, iodine, and peroxide. In all trials, T9 outperformed ICP 7035 in terms of test results, demonstrating the presence of fatty acids in the molecular components of triglycerides. Compared to ICP 7035, T9 had a lower molecule weight and a lower saturation level, making it less susceptible to oxidative lipid disorder and the tendency to deplete oil. The flavonoid content of T9 is higher than that of ICP 7035, equal to 27.76 ± 0.65 mg GAE g-1 extract and 25.90 ± 0.69 mg GAE g-1 extract, respectively. The flavonoid content of T9 is higher than that of ICP 7035, equal to 20.67 ± 0.58 mg QE g-1 extract and 18.76 ± 0.65 mg QE g-1 extract, respectively. The DPPH test showed that T9 was a stronger antioxidant than ICP 7035, with amounts of 0.26 ± 0.04 mg g-1 of extract and 0.35 ± 0.05 mg g-1, respectively. The development of hair care products revealed that a mixture containing the optimal dosage of T9 effectively ensured smooth hair lines and prevented microorganism contamination in all recipes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT HIGHLIGHTS Pigeon Pea Oil in Hair Care Products Comparison of T9 and ICP 7035 oil properties. ICP 7035 yield was higher than T9 yield. Chemical properties of oil included saponification, acidity, iodine, and peroxide. T9 oil had better phenolics, flavonoids, and DPPH values than ICP 7035. T9-rich mixtures in hair care products ensure smooth hair lines and prevent microorganism contamination.

Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) applies patterned near-infrared illumination to quantify the optical properties of subsurface tissue. The periocular region is unique due to its complex ocular adnexal anatomy. Although SFDI has been successfully applied to relatively flat in vivo tissues, regions that have significant height variations and curvature may result in optical property inaccuracies. We characterize the geometric impact of the periocular region on SFDI imaging reliability. SFDI was employed to measure the reduced scattering coefficient ( ) and absorption coefficient ( ) of the periocular region in a cast facial tissue-simulating phantom by capturing images along regions of interest (ROIs): inferior temporal quadrant (ITQ), inferior nasal quadrant (INQ), superior temporal quadrant (STQ), central eyelid margin (CEM), rostral lateral nasal bridge (RLNB), and forehead (FH). The phantom was placed on a chin rest and imaged nine times from an "en face" or "side profile" position, and the flat back of the phantom was measured 15 times. The measured and of a cast facial phantom are accurate when comparing the ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH to its flat posterior surface. Paired tests of ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH and concluded that there is not enough evidence to suggest that imaging orientation impacted the measurement accuracy. Regions of extreme topographical variation, i.e., CEM and RLNB, did exhibit differences in measured optical properties. We are the first to evaluate the geometric implications of wide-field imaging along the periocular region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom. Results suggest that the ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH of a generalized face have minimal impact on the SFDI measurement accuracy. Areas with heightened topographic variation exhibit measurement variability. Device and facial positioning do not appear to bias measurements. These findings confirm the need to carefully select ROIs when measuring optical properties along the periocular region.

Abstract Background Androgenetic alopecia is a genetically disorder characterized by the gradual conversion of terminal hairs into vellus hairs, called miniaturized hairs. It is an extremely common disease that affects men and women. Specifically, DP cells that are the main regulators of hair growth and are the only site of 5α-DHT action. Male-pattern hair loss; Male note gradual recession of the frontal hair line early in the process. Men present with gradual thinning in the temporal areas, producing a reshaping of the anterior part of the hair line. Aim of this Study To evaluate and compare topical minoxidil 10% versus topical minoxidil 5% in the treatment of MPHL as regards the efficacy, safety and side effects. This study included 51 patients with MPHL divided into 2 groups received topical minoxidil 5% 1ml twice daily for 6 months and the second group received topical minoxidil 10% 1ml twice daily for 6 months. Patients and Methods: Results The current study revealed that there was significant difference between the studied groups as regard the percentage of improvement in Frontal Total hair count with superiority for 10% group. But the improvement in other parameters were comparable between the studied groups. Comparison of treatment response in both groups revealed nearly the same efficacy of both concentrations of topical minoxidil 5% and 10% in MPHL, higher concentration more than 5% could decrease the compliance and the tolerance. Conclusion We found that using higher doses of topical minoxidil was associated with higher improvement in frontal total hair count and higher side effects.

Over the past few years, the healthcare industry has seen a dramatic increase in the use of intelligent automation enabled by AI technology. These developments are made to better the standard of medical decision making and the standard of treatment given to patients. Fuzzy boundaries, shifting sizes, and aberrations like hair or ruler lines all provide difficulties for automatic detection of skin lesions in dermoscopic images, slowing down the otherwise efficient process of diagnosing skin cancer. However, these difficulties may be conquered by employing image processing software. To address these issues, the authors of this paper provide a novel IMLT-DL model for intelligent dermoscopic image processing. Multi-level thresholding and deep learning are brought together in this model. Top hat filtering and inpainting have been included into IMLT-DL for use in image processing. In addition, Mayfly Optimization has been used in tandem with multilayer Kapur's thresholding to identify specific trouble spots. For further investigation, it uses an Inception v3-based feature extractor, and for data classification, it makes use of gradient boosting trees (GBTs). On the ISIC dataset, this model was shown to outperform state-of-the-art alternatives by a margin of 0.992% over the duration of trial iterations. These advances are a major step forwards in the quest for faster and more accurate skin lesion detection.

The semi-permanent makeup industry has developed according to customer needs, and these demands are an important element of the modern semi-permanent makeup trend.Semi-permanent makeup is used to pursue beauty from a cosmetic perspective and to relieve complexes,In particular, eyebrows are in an important position at the center of the face, so applying semi-permanent eyebrow makeup that reflects the consumer's preferences in accordance with trends in the selection of design, pigment color, or treatment technique is a very important factor in running a salon. It can be. In the color cosmetics or makeup market, trends by era have been analyzed from various angles, In the semi-permanent makeup market, there is no research analyzing trends by era. The purpose of this study is to find out future preferred treatment areas through analysis of consumer treatment preferences and consumer demands in late 2023, and to forecast trends in eyebrow semi-permanent makeup selection attributes. For the purpose of constructing specific data on semi-permanent makeup that will be popular after 2024, a survey was conducted on 852 people with experience in semi-permanent makeup, and the final analysis was conducted on 852 people excluding missing items. cheosjjae, 2024nyeon-e yuhaenghal geos gat-eun ban-yeong-guhwajang sisul buwineun dupi ban-yeong-gu(SMP)ga gajang nop-assgo, nunsseob, heeolain sun-eulo natanassda. First, the area for semi-permanent makeup treatment that is likely to be popular in 2024 was scalp semi-permanent (SMP), followed by eyebrows and hairline. Second, the combo technique was the most popular eyebrow treatment technique, followed by the emboss technique and feathering technique (including hair strokes). Third, 40.8% of the eyebrow designs were standard (basic), followed by semi-arched eyebrows and straight eyebrows. Fourth, the eyebrow colors were dark brown, gray brown, and black-tinged brown in that order, at 48.7%, 15.7%, and 14.7%. The conclusions based on the results of this study are as follows. While there were many demand for eyebrows, eye line, and lip areas in the past, it is expected that demand for scalp semi-permanent (SMP) and hair line will increase in the future. It was found that consumers who preferred a natural texture for their eyebrows are now hoping for a combo technique that can preserve the natural texture of their eyebrow bangs while making them look like they are wearing makeup. We found out that people surprisingly prefer plain and ordinary designs rather than the bold designs with flashy textures or arches that are often seen on social media.

Korea male think that good looks help interpersonal relationships and have a lot of influence on their external youth and image. In addition, men with hair loss or inappropriate hair lines seek various ways to solve it for the image they pursue. The purpose of this study is to investigate, analyze, and systematize hairline designs based on the image of Korean males and to provide basic data for effective design selection for customers and workers. According to this study, it was confirmed that there is a difference in the male hairline design according to the image, and the difference also exists in the male image and hairline type according to gender, age, and occupation. This research is expected to contribute to the growth of the beauty market industry at a time when the physical hair loss cover market is developing and the importance of hairline design is steadily increasing. In follow-up studies, it is expected that there will be in-depth research on image changes and subsequent factual studies resulting from hairline correction.

Abstract: Vitreous floater is a commonly found eye condition in patients who complain of visualizing non-existing figures such as hair lines, black spots, and webs. Vitreous floaters are a sign of degeneration of vitreous gel, which if left untreated may cause severe irritation in the visual field of the patient. In modern science, floaters are treated with oral administration of antioxidants and pars plana vitrectomy surgeries. Conventional treatment options are not affordable to all patients and they may cause postoperative complications. These complications include moderate-to-severe pathophysiologies such as posterior vitreous detachment, traction retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, macular edema, and full-thickness macular holes. A 56-year-old female patient who suffered from vitreous floaters was presented to Shalakya tantra outpatient department whose condition was managed by Ayurveda treatment approaches. The Triphala-yashti yoga was selected as a plan of treatment. The principle of treatment used in this study involves Ayurvedic medicines having an activity such as Chakshushya (~beneficial for eyes) to mitigate intravitreal oxidative stress, which has been linked to vitreous degeneration and associated symptoms. Changes in the symptoms were noted and the Short Floater Questionnaire score was reduced to 3.75/13 from 07/13 after three months of treatment. The utilization of a classical literature-based approach, combined with a methodology of identifying commonly mentioned botanicals within diverse mixtures, demonstrated favorable outcomes in the current study.

A deep learning-based detection method for pig body temperature using infrared thermography

Hair dyeing is a popular practice dating back to ancient Egyptian times. Initially, hair dye use was restricted to concealing grey and white hairs of the elderly population. However, in recent times, its use is common among the younger generation as a fashion statement. Hair dye contact dermatitis is a common dermatological condition encountered by dermatologists. It is a delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction that commonly affects the scalp and the vicinity of hair line and neck. Para-phenylenediamine (PPD), a synthetic aromatic amine is the most common allergen specifically implicated in hair dye contact dermatitis. Para-phenylenediamine was announced as the allergen of the year in 2006 by the American Contact Dermatitis Society. Contact allergy to para-phenylenediamine can occur in 0.1-2.3% of the general population. Epicutaneous patch testing is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of hair dye contact dermatitis. However, para-phenylenediamine carries a risk of cross-sensitivity and co-sensitization to other allergens. Apart from contact dermatitis, hair dye use is also associated with various other cutaneous adverse effects such as pigmentary changes, hair loss, skin malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Due to the various adverse effects associated with hair dye use, it is prudent to look for safer alternatives to allergenic hair dyes. In this article, we review the epidemiology, cutaneous and systemic adverse effects associated with hair dye use, patch testing, preventive strategies to minimize the risk of hair dye contact dermatitis, and treatment aspects.