Food Security Of Ukraine Research Articles

ASSESSMENT AND CURRENT TRENDS OF ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN UKRAINE

The research on Ukraine's food security is of paramount importance, as it directly impacts the national agro-food systems. The article delves into the current state of internal food self-sufficiency in the Ukrainian population, conducting an analytical assessment of export-import transactions with agricultural raw materials and food products. The findings reveal a significant trend of increasing food exports in recent years, along with an evaluation of the export-import coverage for the main types of food products. Ukraine's place in the world rating of food security based on the Global Food Security Index was studied. The fundamental problems and reasons that determined Ukraine's decrease in the rating positions and the level of food security of its population were identified. In addition to the military conflict, Ukraine has a low economic availability of food products for the population and a low level of sustainability in the domestic agro-food system. Despite the war's consequences, the agricultural business remains one of the most profitable economic activities in Ukraine. This analysis of individual indicators of the effectiveness of the country's agrarian sector as a basis for ensuring food security underscores the sector's potential. The modern production structure of the main types of agricultural products by categories of producers was studied. The key trends accompanying ensuring food security in Ukraine under modern conditions are summarized. It was revealed that food security in the crop sector is achieved at the expense of the public sector agrarian formations, mainly at the expense of households in the livestock sector. Based on the average values ​​of the actual consumption indicators, the state of providing the population with the main types of food was analyzed. The results showed problematic aspects in providing the country's population with meat and dairy products, fish, fruits, berries, and grapes. The priority directions for ensuring and strengthening food security on a national scale are substantiated. Among the main ones, the following are highlighted: the need to implement sustainable farming and animal husbandry practices, further improvement of the food quality management and control system, protection of biodiversity of ecological agrosystems, optimization and reduction of value chains, increasing the level of social responsibility of food producers and consumers.

Simulation of the impact of changes in the volume of production and export of products on the food security of the country: on the example of Ukraine

Changes in the production of agricultural products in Ukraine are analyzed. Forecasting of the volume of exports of agricultural products from Ukraine until 2027 was carried out. The following factors were taken into account: projected changes in real GDP in those countries that are the main importers of these products; reduction of cultivated agricultural land caused by military actions; forecasted changes in the population of Ukraine during the forecast period. It was concluded that there are no threats to Ukraine's food security caused by changes in the production and export of agricultural products. The research was based on a forecasting method, which made it possible to take into account retrospective information and a number of internal and external factors affecting the processes of production and export of agricultural products. The sources of information were the data of the International Monetary Fund and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The hypotheses of the study were confirmed, and the results showed that the volume of production of agricultural products will be sufficient to support the population of the country, while maintaining the previous proportion of exports. At the same time, there is a potential for growth of the share of products that Ukraine can export. The forecast volumes of export of Ukrainian agricultural products obtained can serve as a guideline for regulating exports, taking into account the issue of food security in Ukraine.

State regulation instruments for the development of the agro-industrial complex under martial law in Ukraine

Amidst the crisis in the food sector of the country caused by the Russian invasion and on the way to Ukraine's association with the European Union, the role of state regulation is growing. The study aimed to provide proposals for improving the food industry development programmes in the agro-industrial complex to improve the food supply of the population, innovative development of enterprises and ensure food security in Ukraine. General scientific methods were used in the study: dialectical, statistical, structural and functional analysis, tabular, systematic generalisation, and comparisons. The study summarises the existing programmes of support and development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine at the governmental and interstate levels. The problems of food and agricultural enterprises in the context of Russian aggression in Ukraine are identified, in particular, in terms of environmental damage and pollution, instability of energy supply, and rising logistics costs. The author notes the effectiveness but selectivity of grant support with the participation of foreign capital. The programme documents for the development of the agro-industrial complex and the food industry are systematised and their interconnection is analysed. These documents include the National Economic Strategy and the strategy for the development of its agricultural component, sectoral support programmes, sectoral strategies, and international and national programmes. The article presents proposals for the programme documents for the development of the food industry aimed at post-war recovery and further innovative development. The proposals take into account foreign experience, industry specifics and changes to the current legislation. Sectoral development programmes should be in line with the strategic guidelines until 2030 and the provisions of the Association Agreement with the European Union, contribute to solving environmental pollution and climate change, waste recycling and creating closed production cycles with high added value. The results obtained can be used in further research, programmes, recommendations and strategies of legislative and executive authorities for the effective development of the food industry as part of the agri-food complex and the improvement of food supply to the population.

STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FUNCTIONING PROCESS OF THE MECHATRONIC SYSTEM OF ENSURING THE MICROCLIMATE OF ANIMAL PREMISES

The development of the livestock industry is the basis of Ukraine's food security. One of the ways to solve this problem is to improve the conditions of keeping animals, including improving the microclimate of livestock and poultry premises. Modern animal husbandry technologies make high demands on the microclimate in livestock premises. According to scientists, animal husbandry specialists and technologists, animal productivity is determined by 50...60% feed, 15...20% by care, and 10...30% by the microclimate in the livestock premises. Deviation of the microclimate parameters from the established optimal limits leads to a decrease in milk yield by 10...20%, an increase in live weight – by 20...35%, an increase in the departure of young animals to 5...40%, and a decrease in laying hens – by 30%...35%, costs of an additional amount of feed, shortening the service life of equipment, machines and the buildings themselves, reducing the resistance of animals to diseases, negatively affecting the service personnel. The article presents a structural and technological scheme of a mechatronic system for ensuring a normative microclimate of livestock premises, which allows to increase the efficiency of ensuring a normative microclimate of livestock premises by using a mechatronic system for controlling the process of air disinfection using ultraviolet radiation of bactericidal lamps. According to the results of numerical modeling of the air heat exchanger of the indirect-evaporative type, the distribution of the temperature field, vector field of velocities and absolute air humidity in channels of different shapes (square, equilateral triangle, circle) was established. The calculated coefficient of thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger with triangular shaped channels is the whitest in contrast to square and round shapes. A comparative analysis of humidity distribution in channels of different shapes confirms that the absolute humidity of the thermal air flow decreases earlier in the indirect-evaporative type heat exchanger with triangular channels.

THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION ON THE ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRARIAN, FOOD AND PROCESSING INDUSTRY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF FOOD SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to review of the processes of European integration influence on the enterprises of the agrarian, food and processing industries in the framework of food security of Ukraine in the conditions of war Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of modern economic science. General scientific and special research methods were used in the study, namely: systematic approach – to summarise the main views of the authors on the above-mentioned issues; monographic approach – for theoretical generalisation of the essence of food security; generalisation – to formulate the author’s own vision of the European integration impact on enterprises; abstract and logical approach – to formulate conclusions. Findings. The place and role of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in the national economy are determined. The basic principles and principles of Ukraine’s entry into the European integration process are considered. Attention is focused on the possibilities of the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine after integration into the European Union. It is revealed that European integration is not only economic cooperation and trade, but also a certain worldview. It is substantiated that European integration will provide a real opportunity to create a system of customs regulation that would be effective and in line with the customs procedures and rules of the EU. It will also provide an opportunity to regulate, protect and fiscalize the products of Ukrainian producers when they are exported. The article analyses the impact of European integration on agricultural, food and processing enterprises. Their positive and negative aspects are analysed in the light of the historical realities of today. Originality. The European integration impact on the enterprises of the agrarian, food and processing industries within the framework of Ukraine's food security is highlighted. The prospects for the functioning of the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine in the context of European integration are reviewed. Practical value. The main provisions of the study allow agricultural producers to determine the vectors of European integration processes in Ukraine, taking into account the realities of today. Key words: european integration process, food safety, agricultural, food and processing industry enterprises.

Financial modelling of cash flow management for agribusiness security: Accounting and analytical aspect

The study related to cash flows of agricultural enterprises is relevant, since the agricultural sector is one of the key sectors of the national economy, and food security of Ukraine is becoming a strategic priority in the context of post-war reconstruction and requires effective management approaches to increase investment attractiveness and sustainable development in the field of agricultural activities. The purpose of this study was to analyse, develop, and improve the existing priority approaches to cash flow management for the financial security of agribusiness, considering the accounting and analytical aspect. Among the methods used were the statistical method, forecasting, and financial modelling methods, analytical method, and discounting method. During the study, an analytical assessment and modelling of the prospects for changes in the net cash flow of an agricultural enterprise in the medium term was carried out, the need to use actuarial accounting and reporting to attract the necessary amount of foreign investment in the development of the industry in the context of financial security of farmers was determined. The role of actuarial accounting support in managing the value of agribusiness for its financial security was investigated. The study modelled the process of cash flow management at the agricultural enterprise PJSC “Agrofirma “Provesin”. The study investigated actuarial information support from the actuarial accounting system for assessing the prospective changes in the property potential of agribusiness. It was noted that cash flow management in agriculture involves the use of innovative accounting and analytical management support, which would help to improve the image of investment attractiveness in foreign markets. The practical significance of this study lies in the development of concrete practical recommendations for the top management of agricultural enterprises to effectively attract the necessary amount of financial resources for sustainable development and post-war recovery of agribusiness

Державна політика щодо добробуту населення та продовольчої безпеки України у контексті її конкурентоспроможності: теоретичний аспект

The article is devoted to analyzing the dependence on population well-being and food security in Ukraine in the context of post-war reconstruction and state competitiveness, as well as the risks and limitations of state policy. The article combines three concepts for the first time: «well-being of the population”, «food security», «state competitiveness». The authors used various theoretical and practical approaches, criteria, indicators, and methods that reflect different aspects and problems of population well-being and state competitiveness. They also considered international standards and recommendations and the specificity of national conditions and needs. Population well-being, food security, and state competitiveness depend on each other, but they are not a linear and unambiguous dependence. Various factors, such as context, values, interests, strategies, and policies, influence this dependence. Post-war reconstruction and state competitiveness create new challenges and threats to population well-being and food security in Ukraine, such as uneven distribution of resources, goods, opportunities, and influence among different groups of the population, especially vulnerable and marginalized, negative impact on the environment, which is an essential factor of population well-being, reduction of quality of life, health, security, and happiness of the population. The author proposed a strategy that would consider the interests and needs of different population groups and the preservation and improvement of the environment. Such a strategy should be based on the guaranteed minimum level of well-being, ensuring equal opportunities, improving quality of life, strengthening social cohesion, and ensuring social security, protection, responsibility, and integration. The risks and limitations of state policy on population well-being in Ukraine can be prevented and overcome by conducting administrative, economic, demographic, social, political, defense, environmental, and cultural reforms. The results of this study can be used for planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of state policy on population well-being and state competitiveness in Ukraine, as well as for cooperation with international partners and the public. The author calls for further research on these issues, especially using new data, methods, and tools. Keywords: state policy, food security, well-being, population, Ukraine, strategy, scientific foundations, priorities, challenges, post-war reconstruction, competitiveness, state.

ENSURING FOOD SECURITY UNDER GLOBAL CHALLENGES

The article is aimed at assessing the state of food security of Ukraine. The level of food security in Ukraine is checked according to the internal system of parameters and international methodologies. Analysis of the level of food security in Ukraine by the Global Food Security Index shows that it lags far behind not only the leading countries but also from neighboring countries. The situation requires consideration of not only existing but also promising challenges and threats to the maintenance of food security. In the future, this will increase the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in the global food market. To achieve this goal, general scientific and special research methods were used, the main of which are the following: dialectics, scientific abstraction, statistical, and graphic analysis. The study substantiates the use of a methodology for assessing food security, which involves the calculation of four components and an integral index of food security of the state. As a result of the use of the proposed methodology, an assessment of the state of food security of Ukraine is implemented. The obtained results served to compare them with similar indicators of the countries of the world and Europe. The calculations show that food security, first of all, should be considered from the standpoint of ensuring economic security, taking into account the fact that the latter reveals internal opportunities and determines strategic alternatives to socio-economic growth to ensure public welfare under conditions of market relations. The article proposes tools for strengthening food security based on compliance with the requirements of the principles of ensuring food security, including self-sufficiency, multifunctionality, social justice, independence, stability, balance and rationality. To strengthen food security, it is proposed to strengthen such components as physical accessibility and economic accessibility of food, as they guarantee the quality and safety of agriculture, and it is also worth paying attention to improving natural resources and sustainability. The challenges and problems of the domestic agro-industrial complex, which plays a significant role in the world market and ensures food security, are analyzed. Measures to ensure increased food security are proposed.

Ensuring food security in Ukraine during the russian-Ukrainian war

Introduction. The article examines the problems of ensuring food security in Ukraine n the conditions of martial law. Since food security guarantees socio-political stability in society, determines the sustainable economic development of the country and the well-being of its every citizen. Goal. The purpose of the article is to examine the food security of Ukraine in modern conditions, to identify its main threats and ways to ensure it. Method (methodology). In the process of scientific research, the following methods are used: theoretical generalization, abstract-logical method, analysis, synthesis, comparison. The results. The essence of food security, the main approaches to its interpretation are determined. The main aspects and problems of food security are summarized; measures of state support for the proper level of food supply in Ukraine in the conditions of the russian-Ukrainian war. Ways to ensure food security in the post-war period are proposed.

АНАЛІЗ ДОСТУПНОСТІ ЗАПАСІВ ЗЕРНА У ДЕРЖАВНИХ РЕСУРСАХ УКРАЇНИ ЯК ІНДИКАТОРА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

The article analyses the state of one of the main indicators of food security of the state - availability of grain stocks in the state resources. The relevance of the work is due to current problems in the context of food security, which are caused, among other things, by problems related to grain stocks in state food reserves. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the availability of grain stocks in the state food reserves of Ukraine in the context of a full-scale war. The work is based on modern scientific research in the chosen field and statistical data that serve as the basis for analysing the dynamics of the main indicators of Indicator 3 of Ukraine's food security. First of all, the main indicators of food security of the state are identified and the place of Indicator 3 among the list is determined. In addition, the methodology for its calculation was determined. The next stage of the study was the analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of availability of grain stocks in the state resources of Ukraine, which was carried out on the basis of available statistical data. Calculations were made, the results of which are presented in the table. The level of availability (sufficiency) of grain stocks in Ukraine in the state food reserves is determined. The reasons for the current state of certain indicators are analysed. The role of a full-scale war and its consequences in ensuring the proper state of the state grain stocks in food reserves is determined. In addition, the role of individual factors and their impact on the state of grain reserves in the state resources of Ukraine is clarified. The results obtained indicate an adequate level of availability of grain stocks, but current problems may cause a deterioration in the indicators of Indicator 3, which may further worsen the state of food security in Ukraine. The results of the study can be used as a basis for further improvement of the current state of Indicator 3 of Ukraine's food security and for improving the country's food security in general. The availability of grain in state food resources serves as one of the main indicators of food security, as it determines the extent to which the amount of grain contained in the reserves is able to meet the food needs of the country's citizens.

ETHYLENE AND FATTY ACIDS AS MARKERS OF STRESS RESISTANCE IN WINTER WHEAT

There are a number of global problems in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, including environmental factors such as climate change, floods and droughts, which cause damage to plant tissues and significant losses of food crops. A significant obstacle to the development of agriculture and food security in Ukraine are biotic factors, in particular pathogenic bacteria, viruses and microfungi. Fusarium are the most widespread and aggressive pathogens to grain crops, especially to wheat. These obstacles can be overcome by introducing wheat varieties resistant to Fusarium into agronomic practice. However, selection of resistant wheat to fusariosis along the path of traditional centuries-old selection is a laborious and expensive road. However, selection of resistant wheat to fusariosis along the path of traditional centuries-old selection is a laborious and expensive road. Therefore, the search for new effective tools that will facilitate the selection of plants with desirable characteristics at the early stages of breeding programs is an urgent task. Methods. Wheat varieties of different resistance to abiotic and biotic factors in field conditions were used in laboratory studies: resistant, semi-resistant and non-resistant. Ethylene and fatty acids were determined by gas chromatographic methods. The results. Patterns of ethylene and fatty acid synthesis of winter wheat varieties with different resistance to biotic and abiotic factors were revealed. Resistant varieties are characterized by a significantly higher content of these compounds compared to non-resistant varieties. A similar regularity was found in relation to the lodging of plants: the higher the content of these compounds, the greater the resistance to lodging. Conclusions and perspectives. This article describes two methods of assessing the resistance of winter wheat to abiotic and biotic stresses, which can be implemented in breeding programs.

ВТРАТИ В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ ЧЕРЕЗ ВІЙНУ

Ukraine has a developed food complex, which is able not only to fully provide the country's population with food products, but also to form an active position of the country in the international markets of a number of key agro-food products. Thanks to traditionally strong food exports, Ukraine is one of the guarantors of food security in the world. Before the full-scale war, in terms of export volume, Ukraine was among the five largest grain exporters in the world, exported ¾ of what it produced, domestic consumption of grain was only 20-25%. Ukraine supplied 10% of world exports of wheat, more than 14% of corn and more than 47% of sunflower oil [1]. Currently, thanks to the help of partners, Ukraine remains a key supplier on the world markets of grain and sunflower oil, with a share of more than 10% of international trade. In 2023, 16.1 million tons of wheat were exported to 65 countries, 26.2 million tons of corn to 80 countries, and 5.7 million tons of sunflower oil to 130 countries [2]. At the same time, the military actions taking place in Ukraine as a result of the large-scale aggression of the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022, led to the deterioration of food security in Ukraine, which is caused, in particular, by broken logistics chains, destroyed infrastructure, farms and productions, a decrease in the amount of food produced at working enterprises.

Food as a weapon: legal basis for ensuring food security in Ukraine in the context of the war

Food as a weapon: legal basis for ensuring food security in Ukraine in the context of the war

LAND MARKET: REALITIES OF UKRAINE AND EXPERIENCE OF POLAND

Agricultural lands are an indispensable resource for ensuring food security in Ukraine. Ukraine is on the path of reforming land relations and forming a market for agricultural land. Since Poland is close to Ukraine in terms of climatic conditions and land use, its experience had been taken into account. The purpose of the article is to form the process of the agricultural land market in Ukraine based on the experience of Poland. To study the research problems, comparative methods of research and observation have been used, as well as methods of synthesis, analysis and abstract logical approaches to the search, justification and determination of periods of development of land relations in Ukraine and Poland. The article discusses the approaches of scientists to determining the essence of the “land market”, outlines the conditions for the development of the land market in European countries (Holland, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Scotland, Spain, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, and Estonia). The periods of development of the land market in Poland and Ukraine have been highlighted. An analytical assessment of the market for the purchase and sale of agricultural land in the regions of Ukraine has been carried out (indicating the number of transactions completed and the total area of land plots). Comparative information on the cost of land in the European Union countries has been provided. The authors’ vision of the process of forming the agricultural land market in Ukraine is summarized, highlighting: I - Legal regulation; II - The step-by-step process of implementing the reform in accordance with the legislative framework, features of the implementation of land reform under martial law; III - Implementation of the land market using a transparent system through the Application (Unified portal of public services) Action; VI – State control over available agricultural lands and their legal structure; V – Conducting an expert assessment of land plots and/or determining their regulatory assessment; VI – State control over available agricultural lands and their legal structure; VII - Constant monitoring of the functional use of agricultural land.

THE POTENTIAL FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ONGOING MILITARY CONFLICT

The subject of the research is the study of Ukraine's food security and the potential for improving it. Methodology. The article uses general scientific and specific methods of economic research: the method of content analysis (when processing scientific sources and reviewing the thematic literature, deduction and induction); abstract and logical method (when identifying problematic aspects of ensuring the country's food security, substantiating conclusions and proposals); the method of statistical calculations of regression economics (when substantiating the economic and mathematical model of food security, calculating the indicator of the actual state of self-sufficiency in food security). The purpose of the study is to assess the level of food security achieved by Ukraine and to identify the main factors that affect the potential for its possible improvement. Conclusion. Ukraine has significant potential to ensure food security at the national and European levels. However, over the past two years, Ukraine has lost its position in the global food security ranking according to the GFSI. The main problematic aspects that led to this are as follows: irrational use of land and labour resources, aging and migration of the rural population; sharp loss of agricultural biodiversity; high level of chemicalisation of agricultural production; loss of the potential for quality reproduction of agricultural land; significant inclusive gaps within rural areas; low level of funding for agricultural science and a predominantly raw material, agrarian orientation. The main reason for the downgrade of Ukraine's GFSI rating in 2022 was the ongoing military operations in the country. Despite the existing problematic aspects, the Ukrainian agricultural sector showed the highest level of sustainable development compared to other types of economic activity. The share of profitable enterprises in the sector was 79%. Ukraine is currently self-sufficient in food security for almost all types of agricultural products. The constructed economic-mathematical model showed a high degree of dependence of food security on such factors as the total value of assets of agricultural formations, the value of fixed assets and the amount of profit. It was determined that the key condition for increasing the potential for ensuring food security in Ukraine, both at the national and European level, should be the social responsibility of agribusiness and raising the level of sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas.

Інноваційні засади публічної політики у сфері продовольчої безпеки в Україні: аналіз сучасного стану та рекомендації для України

The article is devoted to studying innovative principles of public policy in Ukraine's food security sphere. The author analyzed the current state and challenges of food security in Ukraine due to globalization, military conflict, the COVID-19 pandemic, and other threats. The author also considered the main directions and tools of public policy aimed at ensuring food security at the national and regional levels, as well as Ukraine's contribution to global food security. The research used comparative analysis, statistical analysis, case study, and SWOT analysis methods. Food security affects the development of countries and the world. Ukraine has the potential to improve it but faces challenges such as a low level of the economy, corruption, underfunding of education and science, weak state policy, and military aggression of Russia. A comprehensive and innovative strategy is needed to improve food security in Ukraine, which would consider all aspects of the food system. Ukraine can benefit from the experience of other countries that have successfully implemented innovative principles of public policy, such as Estonia, Israel, Singapore, and South Korea. Food security of Ukraine and the world in the conditions of war and pandemic is a dangerous scenario that requires an immediate and joint response from the international community. Based on the obtained results, the author developed recommendations and proposals for improving public policy in the sphere of food security in Ukraine, in particular regarding the creation of a national system of monitoring and early warning of food threats, development of sustainable agricultural production, diversification of production and markets, increasing competitiveness and innovativeness of cultural and creative industries, strengthening participation and accountability in the cultural sphere, as well as using the experience and best practices of other countries. It is necessary to show political will and leadership of the authorities and interested parties to improve the situation, introduce an effective system of monitoring and evaluation of food security using modern technologies, and implement innovative principles of public policy, which would contribute to the development of the agricultural sector, standards and safety of food products, information culture and awareness of the population. The article has theoretical and practical significance for researchers, practitioners, authorities, public organizations, and other interested parties who deal with food security issues in Ukraine and the world. Keywords: innovative principles, public policy, food security, Ukraine, competitiveness, analysis, current state, rec-ommendations, indicators, modeling, improvement.

SYSTEM-PARAMETRIC IMPERATIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AQUACULTURE IN THE UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION

Topicality. Modern socio-economic development is characterized by a steady growth of resource-ecological, economic, political and other crisis problems. These factors create a high level of threats to food security both at the national and international levels. For Ukraine, this problem is actualized as a result of russia's military aggression. This situation determines the need for comprehensive knowledge of the specified problems in the interests of sustainable development of Ukraine.
 Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is a scientific and methodological search for promising directions and effective solutions to the problems of sustainable food security in Ukraine over a fairly long time scale. At the same time, the task of scientific substantiation of the mobilization strategy for the development of domestic (within the territory of Ukraine) natural resource potential of aquaculture is set.
 Materials and methods. Regulatory and legal materials, including the Law of Ukraine "On Aquaculture", the report of the State Fisheries Agency of Ukraine, etc., which determine state policy in the field of fisheries and aquaculture development, were used as the information base of the research. The methodology and methods of the theory of complex systems, the principles of nonlinear and synergistic interpretations, etc. are used as tools for solving the tasks in the work.
 Research results. The scientific and economic foundations of the development of the aquaculture development program based on the natural resource potential of the Ukrainian Black Sea region have been developed. The work presents the results of research related to the formation of a conceptual basis for the development of a program-oriented direction of aquaculture development in relation to the conditions of Ukraine. Based on the high level of uncertainty of the studied problems in the work, the field of aquaculture of the state (region) is considered as a complex (non-linear) socio-ecological-economic system (SEES). Particular importance in the work is given to the question of the methodology of forming a system of imperatives for the development of complex objects, which is considered according to such directions as actual, categorical, modal and hypothetical imperatives. The specified system of imperatives is considered in connection with other development factors as one of the important elements of the driving forces of the development of the SEES, in relation to the conditions of development of the Ukrainian Black Sea region.
 Conclusion. Methodological and methodological approaches to the system-parametric understanding of complex socio-ecological-economic objects discussed in the work are an important basis for substantiating effective directions of development and ways of solving problems of sustainable development of natural and economic systems. The development of aquaculture in the Ukrainian Black Sea region is considered as a problem of solving the issues of ensuring national food security, improving the quality of life of the country's population and a factor in the revival of Ukraine as a maritime state.

Global and national aspects of food security in the minds of an unstable economy

As a result of Russia's aggression and the cessation of the export of Ukrainian agricultural products by sea, 22 million tons of grain were blocked in Ukrainian ports. This has significantly limited the ability of Ukrainian farmers to sell grain for the 2021 and 2022 harvests, while at the same time increasing the threat of global hunger, since almost half of all supplies under the UN World Food Program come from Ukraine. The subject of the study is ensuring food security in Ukraine and the world as a whole. The purpose of this scientific work is the analysis of modern conditions that affect compliance with food security in the global dimension. The main scientific methods used in writing the article were: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, abstract-logical method. It has been established that the unblocking of Ukrainian ports and the resumption of grain and oilseed exports is of crucial importance both for the economy of Ukraine and for global food security. The results of the study indicate that Ukraine currently has three export routes - ports on the Danube, railways and highways. However, each of them has its own shortcomings. For example, the Danube ports have limited capacity due to the lack of barges, berths and terminals. Previously, Ukraine almost did not use this export route and therefore did not invest in it. In turn, railway and road logistics are hampered by heavy traffic jams at the borders, lack of wagons and fuel, phytosanitary procedures, as well as the difference between the European and Ukrainian (wider by 9 cm) tracks. Another significant problem is the lack of storage capacity in European ports, which are not adapted to such volumes of grain transshipment. It has been studied that almost a third of agricultural land is unsuitable for planting because it is mined. It was considered that even if the Ukrainian government manages to organize new ways of exporting food from the country, the export of the 2021/2022 marketing year was significantly smaller than last year. In 2023, due to the significant reduction in cultivated areas caused by the war, it is likely that it will not be possible to collect too large crops, and therefore, the share of Ukrainian products in the world food market will significantly decrease. Ukraine's place can be taken by other producers, in particular Brazil, Argentina, India, Canada and the USA. A significant reduction in Ukraine's exports has been established. The food security system is presented, which includes the conditions for ensuring food security and dimensions of food security. Russian aggression against Ukraine has been proven to be another economic challenge for developing countries in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which threatens their food security. A decrease in the production and export of grain from Ukraine and Russia, as well as an increase in the price of energy raw materials and fertilizers will lead to an increase in food prices in the world. Key words: food security, war in Ukraine, export, food security system.

Veterinary and sanitary assessment of rabbit meat according to quality and safety indicators

Food security has become especially acute for the population of Ukraine. The quality and safety of rabbit meat depends on the welfare of the animals during production, and the meat productivity is determined by genetic heredity, conditions of keeping, feeding and well-being. Rabbit meat can reduce the dose of internal radiation of the population, because it practically does not accumulate radionuclides. According to our research, the content of 137Cs and 90Sr in the meat of 4-month-old rabbits raised on the territories contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was, respectively: 8.8±0.8 Bq/kg and 3.5±0.7 Bq/kg. In older rabbits, the content of 137Cs and 90Sr, respectively, was at the level of: 12.3±1.2 Bq/kg and 8.2±1.5 Bq/kg (according to DR-2006, respectively, 200 Bq/kg and 20 Bq/kg). According to the results of our research, live weight, slaughter weight, weight of muscle tissue and bones, muscularity of carcasses depend on the season, age and breed characteristics. To increase productivity and improve the quality of rabbit meat, it is advisable to use interbreed crossing for the purpose of enriching the heredity of one of the breeds on the basis of two or more. According to the results of our research, the highest slaughter weight (P < 0.01) was found in 4-month-old crossbred rabbits of the first generation (♀ California × ♂ Flanders) and was 56.56±0.20%, while their counterparts it was at the level of 49.65±0.55% of the Californian precocious breed. According to special criteria of meat productivity, crossbred rabbits of the first generation also prevailed over the parent breeds. In particular, their confusion index was 79.82±0.23%, while it was at the level of 77.08±0.08% in Flanders. Therefore, crossbreds of the first generation received maturity from the maternal line, and greater fleshiness is from the paternal line. Rabbit meat can be considered as a highly nutritious, dietary "functional" food that provides all the necessary biologically active substances, practically does not accumulate radionuclides, and therefore has a beneficial effect on human health and is an important reserve in solving food security in Ukraine. Key words: food safety, productive qualities of rabbits, rabbit meat, nutritional properties and biological value, dietary highly nutritious product.

Winter wheat productivity under different systems of typical black soil cultivation and under climatic changes in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest Steppe

The article highlights the influence of different tillage systems and climate changes on the formation of winter wheat productivity, yield and quality indicators in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe. Taking into account the crop importance in Ukraine's food security and its place in world exports, the importance of effective methods development to improve technological performance due to the decrease in the share of high quality grain suitable for milling and baking purposes is emphasized. In particular with the climate changes it is necessary to use of moisture-saving technologies and the introduction of crop rotations with a scientifically based choice of crops with plastic properties to unstable soil and climatic conditions. In the course of the research it was determined how winter wheat productivity is affected by tillage methods – plowing, disking and no-till technology on the example of typical black soil. The analysis of weather conditions was carried out, which revealed that uneven distribution of precipitation with long periods without rain or with high rain intensity during all stages of crop ontogeny are the factors limiting yields and reducing grain quality. At the same time the importance of mineral fertilizers in regulating grain yields and quality under rapid climate changes was also determined. Increased average monthly indicators, characterizing the weather conditions during the studied periods, created risks for the full growth and development of cultivated plants, that was described in detail in the article. According to the research results it was found that the highest yield indexes of winter wheat were obtained during of N120P60K90 application, that in 2021, under traditional plowing, provided 5.2 t/ha of high quality grain with a protein content of 16.4 % and gluten content of 30.45 %. Also in terms of crop yield level and quality indicators the variant of soil protection technology no-till differed little, which produced 4.88 t/ha of grain with a protein content of 15.6 % and 28.7 % of gluten in a favorable 2021. Key words: climate changes, short-term crop rotation, tillage, no-till technology, winter wheat, crop yield, grain quality.