Nutritional Food Intake Research Articles

Rancang Bangun Media Informasi Berbasis Multimedia Untuk Mencegah Risiko Stunting Pada Anak Balita

Stunting is a growth disorder that describes the failure to growth potential as a result of inadequate health status or nutrition. Child stunting data in 2022 has fallen to 21.6%, but according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, the percentage is still high (20%). One prevention in reducing the risk of stunting is to increase the knowledge of parents about stunting and the intake of good food to be consumed by children. The dissemination of information about stunting and nutritional food intake is often found in the media of information such as text, video, and images but the distribution of information is not organized in one medium. The development phase uses the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) methodology with five (five) stages: concept, design, material collection, assembly, and testing. The result of this study is a multimedia-based information media in dasawisma RT 05 Bumi Orange, Cimekar Village, Bandung Regency, with a selection of stunting material menus including complementary foods for breast milk (MPASI), children's weight and height standards, child nutrition, and food intake.

Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Sumber Bahan Makanan Gizi Seimbang untuk Bayi dan Balita

The nutritional status of children greatly determines the quality of human resources. The nutritional status of children can be pursued trough the provision of balanced nutritional food intake to meet the needs of children in the process of growth and development. Selection of sources of balanced nutritional food is the basis for determining children’s intake, in order to meet children’s needs in the process of maintaining and repairing children’s body cells in supporting their growth and development process. In addition, the quality of balanced nutritional food intake is also influenced by the proper and proper management of food. The high incidence of stunting in children in Lam Batee Village shows the low knowledge of parents about balanced nutritional food sources in supporting the process of child growth and development. Therefore, this community service activity aims to provide health educational to the community about balanced nutritional food sources for infants and toddlers. The method of this activity is carried out with health education, questions and answers and discussions with pre-posttest designs. Before being given health education, participants were given a pre-test which aimed to measure parents’ knowledge about balanced nutritional food sources for infants and toddlers, then given health education. Participants who attended this activity were 24 parents who had children aged 6-59 months. Based on the post-test data, it showed that most of the parents had good knowledge, as much as 58,3%, compared to the pre-test data, where most of the parents had good knowledge, only 12,5%. It can be concluded that there was an increase in parental knowledge after being given health education about balanced nutritional food sources by 58,3%.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan mengenai Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) dan Gizi pada Ibu Hamil di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

One of the nutritional problems that occur in pregnant women is chronic energy deficiency (KEK) in pregnant women. KEK is a condition caused by an imbalance between intake and energy and protein requirements. Data for Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 shows the prevalence of the risk of KEK in pregnant women (15-49 years) in Indonesia is still quite high at 17.3%. One of the causes of KEK is knowledge about low nutritional food intake. The purpose of this PkM is to increase the level of knowledge of pregnant women about nutrition and KEK. The method used in this PkM is counseling through lecture media. The results of the PkM show an increase in knowledge of pregnant women before (pre-test) and after (post-test) counseling on nutrition and KEK

Predictability of School Principals’ Leadership Orientation for Their Intentions of Implementing Nutrition Education

Healthy food behavior is closely linked with children’s physical and academic well-being. Nutrition education programs continue to be quite effective in educating students about their nutritional food intake. School principals’ leadership role in implementing nutrition education remains pivotal. This quantitative research study aimed to determine the predictive capability of school principals’ leadership orientation for their intentions toward implementing nutrition education. Data were collected from randomly selected 278 secondary school principals. The results indicated that school principals had positive intentions toward implementing nutrition education in their schools. Their leadership frame had a significant predictive capability about their intent to implement nutrition education.

Role of nutrients regulation in the immune system in preventing COVID-19 infection: A brief review

This review aimed to focus on using foods to boost immunity against COVID-19 in all age groups. In human, coronavirus causes the common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and a major threat to public health. The novel coronavirus was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization due to its rapid infectivity. COVID-19 infection is most probably reported in people with low immunity response. The nutrients, which show beneficial effects on the immune system, are called immune nutrients and diet is called immune diet. A healthy diet can reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 and can prevent disease. Nutritional food intake is also necessary for people with chronic illness, obese persons, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cognitive dysfunction like anxiety and depression. All nutrients are essential for maintaining immunity and providing appropriate amounts of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals for the surveillance mode of keeping us from getting sick. The use of plenty of water, minerals such as micronutrients, zinc, copper, selenium, iron, magnesium, food rich in vitamins, and a good lifestyle can promote health and overwhelm this coronavirus infection.

A Sociocultural Perspective on Malnutrition in Children: Evidence from POSHAN Programme, Rajasthan

Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition or POSHAN Phase 2.0 was implemented in 20 districts of Rajasthan in 2018. After 12 weeks of outpatient therapeutic care of children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM), 70.4% children were cured, 12.2% defaulted and 17.4% were non-recovered and referred to Malnutrition Treatment Centres for facility treatment. The research study attempts to (a) study the sociocultural factors at the family level responsible for varying numbers of cured, defaulted and non-recovered SAM children at different localities; (b) explore the probability of the SAM children staying healthy post successful treatment at community settings without any external intervention; and (c) explore the possible approaches beyond the emergency medical response to develop a long-term strategy to address malnutrition in children. The insights and cues gained from the phenomenology of individual experiences help us understand the structural elements that undergird a healthy living. It was observed that irrespective of socio-demographic characteristics and food basket of a family, all the SAM children had a troubled medical history and/or low birth weight. The research findings also point out that a rise in income alone does not automatically lead to increased nutritional food intake. It is also important to see the issue of malnutrition in the larger context of the agrarian crisis that has cast its shadow over the rural landscape. For sustainable and lasting solutions, it is essential to shift to and promote farming practices that facilitate indigenous, locally produced and culturally acceptable nutrition from supplementary foods.

Brand website marketing strategies for foods and beverages consumed by children and adolescents in Argentina.

The Internet has allowed the expansion of food and beverage advertising in different media. The objective of this study was to identify the marketing strategies used in brand websites of foods and beverages consumed by children and adolescents, and classify them based on the Food Guidelines for the Argentinean Population. The foods and beverages most commonly consumed by the child and adolescent population as per the Survey on Nutritional Food Intake of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires were selected. Brand websites were identified; marketing strategies were analyzed and marketed foods and beverages were classified based on the Guidelines. A total of 80 websites were found; the most common strategies were brand identity, benefits and claims, and links to websites and/or social media. Also, 30 % of sites were aimed at children and adolescents, and 75 % of marketed foods and beverages corresponded to the group of sweets and fats, including those of low nutritional value.

Parametric assessment of household's food intake, agricultural practices and health in rural South West, Nigeria

Food intake and health are important component of agriculture. The contribution of these duo have a lot to say about the productivity of farmers in the nations of the world. The results presented here relied on data collected on households' food intake nutrition and health profile through multistage random sampling of 420 households selected from the Southwest, Nigeria using well-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean) and inferential statistics (Logistic regression and Negative Binomial). The result shows that the farmers were ageing, given an average of (53 ± 11.44 years). The Logistic regression model of the effect of farming households food intake on health showed that gender of the households' head, marital states of the head, household food security and knowledge of nutrition significantly reduced the probability of reporting good health while the educational year(s) of the farmers, total cost of health and consumption of fruit increased it. In addition, the Negative Binomial Regression model, employed in the assessment of the effect of farming households' nutrition on health indicated that gender, marital status, and consumption of milk and total cost of health significantly increased day(s) incapacitated while the year(s) of education reduced it. It was therefore concluded that diversity of food intake among the farmers was low. Ageing, education and large household size among others, were also identified as major problem among the rural farmers. It was however recommended that considerable investment in human capital should be encouraged since food diversity and nutrition education enhances households’ food intake and health status.

Reinforcers and Inhibitors of Family-based Stunting Children Parenting (Case Studies in Slums Area of Makassar City)

BACKGROUND: Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in toddlers (5-year-old babies) with length or height of the body under minus two standard deviations (<−2SD). This is caused by chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, especially in the first 1000 days of life.
 AIM: This study aimed to examine the parenting style of family-based stunting children seen from the reinforcers and inhibitors of stunting in Makassar City Slums.
 METHODS: This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Informants, in this study, were 26 people, consisting of families with stunting children aged 0–59 months in 2019 as many as 14 people, families who have stunting children aged 0–59 months in 2018 and are free from stunting as many as four people, one nutritionist, four Integrated Healthcare Center cadres, and three Community Leaders/Religious Leaders. Analysis of the data used is content analysis which is then interpreted and presented in the form of narratives, matrices, and schemes.
 RESULTS: The reinforcers factors consisting of adequate health service support and family members provide support in caring for children and providing nutritious food. While the inhibiting factors consist of uncertain family income for the daily needs of family members, and irregular nutritional food intake is given in a day. The need for nutrition education for community stunting management was analysed by the public health center and integrated health-care center through a program to improve the first 1000 days of life and increase family planning coverage.
 CONCLUSION: Based on the results of research and discussion of the reinforcers factor of family-based stunting children parenting in the slums of Makassar City. Hence, it can be concluded that the reinforcers factor consists of support for health services that are already quite good, and family members provide support in child care. While the inhibitors factors consist of uncertain family income for the daily needs of family members, and irregular nutritional food intake is given in a day.

Iron and folic acid: natural, enriched, fortified, and supplements. Analysis of food sources in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.

Fortification and supplementation are two strategies for micronutrient deficiency prevention. The objective of this study was to describe the source of iron and folic acid intake throughout the life cycle in the population of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Analysis of the information collected in the First Survey on Nutritional Food Intake of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (2011), which had a probability cluster sampling design. Consumption was assessed by means of a 24-hour recall. Iron and folic acid intake was estimated and categorized into natural content, enriched wheat flour, milk from the Maternal and Child Plan, fortified foods, and supplements. Out of the 5369 studied individuals, practically all got iron and folic acid from natural contents (58 % and 29 % of intake, respectively). More than 90 % consumed enriched wheat flour, which provided 28 % of iron and 54 % of folic acid. Fortified food consumption and intake varied greatly. Milk intake from the Maternal and Child Plan was small, even in specific groups. Intake from supplements was low, except in children < 2 years old (30 % consumed iron supplements, which accounted for 38 % of iron). In addition to natural intake from foods, enriched wheat flour accounted for a major source of folic acid and iron in this population; intake from fortified foods and supplements varied by age group.

PREVALENCE AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MALNOURISHED CHILD BELOW 5 YEARS OF RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF BIHAR

Status of nutrition reflects the status of health of a country. Infant and young child feeding practices are multidimensional and age specific. Inappropriate feeding practices and their consequences are major obstacles to sustainable socioeconomic development and poverty reduction. This study was a step to sort out various prevailing feeding practices and awareness status of the family of child in rural and urban areas of Bihar state among the age group of below 5 Years and their outcome. This study was a hospital based descriptive study carried out in PMCH (OPD and Indoor) Patna Bihar. Total number of participants in our study is 180 in the age group 0-5 years which was further divided into 3 groups according to their age each group (0-6, 6-24, and24-60months), had 60 participants. These groups were further equally divided on the basis of location rural and urban; these Subgroups were further divided into 2 equal subgroups according to sex. In this study variety of food given is 63% and 50% in urban and rural population respectively. It is revealed that population getting variety of food has significantly better outcome in nutritional status rather than population not getting it. This study has revealed that population getting nearly proper consistency and calories are only 53% and 41% in urban and rural areas respectively. Population getting nearly proper consistency and calories has significantly better outcome in nutritional status rather than population not getting it. Prevalent mode of feeding in children below 6 months in non exclusive BREAST feeding is bottle feeding in rural and urban areas. 42% and 50% of urban and rural population BOTTLE feed their children above 6 months respectively bottle feeding significantly affect the outcome i.e. the poor nutritional status as compared to the KATORI spoon feeding.&#x0D; Keywords: Healthy food, varieties of nutritional food intake, Breast feeding practices.

Quality of Water and the Recovery Time of Malnourished Children Enrolled In a Nutritional Feeding Programme: Lessons from Parkishon Region, Marsabit County, Kenya

Objective: Malnutrition is a problem that continues to plague children from resource scarce regions of Kenya. To address this health challenge, the government of Kenya initiated feeding programmes aimed at improving the daily nutritional food intake of underweight and sickly children from these regions. This study examined the relationship between the quality of water and the children’s recovery as measured by the Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) in Parkishon region of Kenya.

Assessing the Risk of Having Small for Gestational Age Newborns Among Lebanese Underweight and Normal Pre-pregnancy Weight Women.

Introduction It has been established that underweight women with low gestational weight gain (GWG) are at a higher risk of having Small for Gestational Age (SGA) newborns. However, the association remains poorly studied in Middle Eastern societies exhibiting different ethnic groups, genetic predisposing factors along with differences in nutritional food intake during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of having a SGA newborn among underweight and normal weight BMI women while studying the role of GWG in this association. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 62,351 singleton pregnancies from the National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network between 2001 and 2009 from 27 hospitals across Lebanon. Women who had underweight and normal pre-pregnancy BMI were included. Results A total of 8.6% newborns were SGA and 6.6% of women were underweight. Among women with normal and underweight pre-pregnancy BMI, 8.6 and 12.4% had SGA births respectively. Overall, the adjusted OR of having SGA newborns was significantly higher among underweight women (OR=1.448; 95%CI=1.287-1.630) compared to normal pre-pregnancy BMI. Below normal weight gain significantly increased the odds of SGA for both normal and underweight pre-pregnancy BMI women, with adjusted ORs of 1.535 (95% CI=1.418-1.661) and 1.970 (95%CI=1.515-2.560) respectively. Discussion Higher risks of SGA newborns in underweight and normal BMI women with low GWG were observed. In addition, normal weight gain couldn't protect underweight women of having risk for SGA newborns. Hence, all pregnant women should be encouraged to maintain healthy BMI before pregnancy and attain adequate GWG.

How Health Behaviour Affects Depression Across Different Age and Gender Cohorts in India?

Depression is a common mental health problem across all ages. It is a major public health concern in almost every part of the world because of its spread, prevalence and sufferings. This mental health problem can be chronic and recurrent, and may cause significant dysfunction in daily life activities, morbidity, and even mortality. Major depression may also pose serious economic burden on the society through direct and indirect costs on individuals. Although depression is treatable, but it often remains undiagnosed or untreated. According to the World Health Organisation report on India, one out of every seven Indians was depressed in 2011 and one out of every five Indians was depressed in 2015. This shows an alarming increase in the rates of depression within a span of just four years. Yet, as any other mental health problems, depression has long been ignored in the India’s health policy agenda. Studies have shown that depression rate varies by gender and age of individuals. In general, women are at higher risk of depression than men. Among several factors, individual’s health behaviour may also affect the onset and severity of depression both positively through preventive health behaviours (such as regular exercising, nutritional food intake, etc.) and negatively through risky behaviours (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, etc.). However, no empirical study has so far analysed the effect of health behaviour on depression particularly across different demographic groups in India. Therefore, this paper empirically examines the effect of health behaviour (both preventive and risky behaviours) on the prevalence and severity of depression across different age and gender cohorts using data from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Ageing and Adult Health: Wave 1 (2007-2010) for India. The results from the analysis showed that preventive health behaviour reduced depression prevalence and severity among individuals in general. In the sub-samples of females and males, although preventive behaviour reduced depression prevalence in men, but increased depression severity in females. Interestingly, risk behaviour reduced the odds of depression prevalence among females. Preventive health behaviour also decreased depression prevalence among individuals aged 18 to 30 years, 31 to 45 years, and 46 to 60 years, and depression severity among individuals aged 61 years and older. Whereas, risk behaviour reduced the odds of depression severity and prevalence among individuals in 46 to 60 years and 61 years and older age groups, respectively.

Dietary intake of energy and nutrients in relation to resting energy expenditure and anthropometric parameters of Czech pregnant women

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary intake of energy and nutrients (DIEN) of Czech pregnant women and to assess relationships with body size variables during pregnancy. One hundred and fifty-two randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women, who were normoglycemic, euthyroid, nonsmokers, not anemic, and not users of chronic medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs from countryside and city with different education, were recruited for the study. Anthropometric parameters were measured and resting energy expenditure obtained by indirect calorimetry after 12 h of fasting during four phases of pregnancy. DIEN was evaluated from self-reported dietary intake records over 7 days. Positive correlations were demonstrated between measured resting energy expenditure and intake of energy, substrates and some minerals and vitamins, and negative correlations between DIEN and anthropometric parameters. Lower dietary intake of energy and differences between dietary intake of nutrients and recommended daily allowances during pregnancy of Czech women were documented. The difference between pregnancy body weight and ideal body weight was shown to be a determinant of DIEN. From recent knowledge on prevention of various pathological states, the supplementation or modification of nutritional intake of food with folate, iron, vitamin D, zinc, iodine and fiber for Czech pregnant women is recommended.

PROMOTION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS THROUGH THE USE OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED PRODUCTS

Despite the health benefits of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables less than one fifth of children and adolescents meet recommendations. Consumers demand an increasingly varied range of high quality food together with food safety assurance, and at the same time they require food that should be quick and easy to prepare. This scenario created an opportunity for a new category of products: minimally processed fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to investigate fresh fruits and vegetables appreciation and consumption at Oporto high schools and to evaluate the reasons for their options/barriers for choosing or not choosing these products. The potential impact of increasing availability of fresh cut fruits and vegetables to the balance of the diet was also investigated. This was performed by applying a questionnaire to students, about the use of these products and the reasons for their options/barriers for choosing this kind of products. Some barriers were mentioned by responders to justify the low consumption of traditional fruits, including low availability, lack of variety available and absence of eating habit. Concerning vegetables and soup the main reasons pointed out were disliking the taste and absence of eating habits. Regarding fresh cut fruits and vegetables the referred barriers were unavailability at school and lack of confidence in this kind of products. Promotion of this new category of products is necessary among, children and adolescents, parents and school employees to show the potential role of minimal processed products in improving the nutritional food intake.