Focused Coping Style Research Articles

유아교사의 대인관계 스트레스와 심리적 안녕감과의 관계

Objectives This study investigated the relation between interpersonal stress and psychological well-being of infant teachers in Korea, focusing on moderating effects of stress coping style.
 Methods The participants were 232 infant teachers who agreed to participate in this study. The measures included interpersonal stress questionnaires, psychological well-being questionnaires, and stress coping style questionnaires. The moderating effects were examined through hierarchical regression, after controlling the control variables.
 Results Interpersonal stress was negatively related to psychological well-being. Among stress coping styles, problem-focused coping and avoidance-focused coping were positively related to on psychological well-being, while emotion-focused coping was negatively related to psychological well-being. It was found that avoidance- focused coping style had a moderating effect on the relation between interpersonal stress and psychological well-being.
 Conclusions The results will serve as basic data for developing interventions to improve the psychological well-being of early childhood teachers in Korea, helping us understand the relation between these variables and the moderating effect of stress coping styles.

Stress and Coping Strategies among Medical Students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background:: Studies conducted worldwide have found that medical students have higher levels of stress than students in other fields. Chronic stress can result in increased rates of fatigue, depression, and impairment in function. Although this phenomenon has been studied globally, there has been limited attention in our region. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess stress levels in medical students in Dubai and evaluate their coping strategies to highlight the importance of shedding light on the psychological well-being of this population. Methods:: A cross-sectional design was utilized for this study. The target population consisted of all medical students enrolled at a local university for the 2020-2021 academic year. The participants completed a survey that collected information on stress and coping strategies. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Brief COPE inventory were utilized to gather the data. Results:: The total of 97 individuals completed the study questionnaire. The rates of high stress levels according to the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) were higher among medical students in the first to the third year (43.6%), when compared to medical students in the fourth and fifth years (7.7%). Results of the Brief COPE inventory indicated that the average score for a Problem Focused coping style among medical students fell in the medium to high range (22 out of 32). Conclusion:: Levels of stress are elevated among medical students. Coping responses reflect the individual’s psychological adjustment and well-being. Our study sample revealed a medium to high rate of engagement in healthy coping strategies. Future research that evaluates the psychological impact of stress in-depth and explores effective strategies to enhance coping is highly warranted.

Grief, Self-Compassion and Coping styles among Younger and Older Adults

Abstract: Experiencing loss of a loved one is the most painful experience that can have a long-lasting impact on individuals. Coping with such a loss could seem extremely difficult at first however with the right coping strategies. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of how grief can have an impact on two categories of group namely; Younger and Older Adults and to further assess their self-compassion and coping strategies. With the help of tools such as “adult attitude to grief scale”, “the brief cope scale” and “the self-compassion scale” the data was generated from 100 Adults (50 younger and 50 older adults). In accordance with the research findings, it was found that the grief level was higher in younger adults who sort to use problem focused coping styles and had high level of self-compassion as compared to the older adults who tend to use more of avoidant focused coping styles and their grief levels were less than younger adults this could be due to more life experience and experience of loss more than younger adults. There existed a significant relationship between the three variables.

Work coping, stress appraisal, and psychological resilience: Reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic among health care providers.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between perceived stress appraisals and coping style during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting distress reaction and effects on work engagement. Method: The sample (N = 423) was 78.6% female with average age and education of 38.5 and 18.4 years, respectively. Most respondents reported working in psychology/neuropsychology (31.7%) and rehabilitation/other therapies (29.7%). Surveys were distributed via Qualtrics among health care providers via listservs and referral emails from medical providers. Measures included: the Brief COPE Inventory, Work and Well Being Survey (UWES), Stress Appraisal Measure (SAM), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), and the Screening Tool for Psychological Distress (STOP-D). Results: Health care workers endorsing problem-focused coping styles had lower levels of perceived threat and higher levels of perceived control in their response to the pandemic. Problem-focused coping was negatively associated with anxiety and depression in reaction to the pandemic when compared with health care workers who endorsed an emotion-focused coping style. Higher stress appraisal in response to perceived threat from the pandemic was not associated with lower work engagement or enthusiasm. Conclusions: Findings support the impact of coping style on psychological distress and work engagement during pandemic, with implications that these factors may be important considerations for mitigation of distress and burnout for health care workers during times of high stress. Initiatives to improve resiliency and wellness in health care workers may examine modifiable interventions for coping style. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement This study suggests that, among health care workers, using a problem focused coping style in response to COVID-19 pandemic stress mitigates experience of psychological distress and burnout. Initiatives that focus on modifiable interventions for coping styles may improve wellness in health care workers during environments of high stress, such as a chronic pandemic state. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Perceived Vulnerability and Severity Predict Adherence to COVID-19 Protection Measures: The Mediating Role of Instrumental Coping.

The COVID-19 disease has caused thousands of deaths worldwide and required the rapid and drastic adoption of various protective measures as main resources in the fight to reduce the spread of the disease. In the present study we aimed to identify socio cognitive factors that may influence adherence to protective measures toward COVID-19 in a Spanish sample. This longitudinal study analyzes the predictive value of perceived severity and vulnerability of infection, self-efficacy, direct exposure to the virus, and instrumental focused coping style for adhering to infection protection behaviors during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also tests sex and age differences in these factors and changes over time. A two-wave longitudinal study (N = 757) was conducted in March and April 2020 starting the day after a strict national lockdown was decreed in Spain. A path analysis was used to test direct and indirect effects between vulnerability and the adherence to protective behaviors. Results suggest that individuals' perceived severity and vulnerability to COVID-19 and instrumental coping strategies are related to the use of more protective behaviors. This coping strategy mediates the effect of perceived vulnerability on engaging in protective behaviors, and this effect depends on direct exposure to COVID-19 and perceived self-efficacy moderators. Results suggest that recognizing one's own abilities to engage in instrumental actions may facilitate adherence to protective measures in people who had not been directly exposed to COVID-19. Therefore, adopting instrumental coping strategies to manage an individual's perceived vulnerability to infection may positively impact the adherence to protective behaviors, especially during the onset of an unexpected threat and when there is no prior direct experience with the situation.

Well-being in parents of children with cancer: The impact of parental personality, coping, and the child's quality of life.

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of parental personality, coping, and the child's quality of life on the well-being of parents of children treated for cancer. The study included 99 parents (63 mothers and 36 fathers), 41 parents during child's intensive treatment, 23 parents whose child completed intensive treatment, and 25 parents of children who completed treatment at least five years ago. The results of multivariate study have confirmed the predictive role of parental personality (especially Neuroticism); emotion-focused coping styles, and the child's quality of life (especially physical functioning) on parental well-being. About 60% of the variance in parental well-being can be attributed to the predictors. Assessing parental personality functioning and coping styles can help us identify those parents who are less emotionally stable, more prone to emotionally focused coping styles, and most likely to experience poorer well-being. Improved assessment may contribute to the development of further psychological interventions.

The relationship between coping styles and depression among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in Nigeria, West Africa

Abstract Background Caring for a child with cerebral palsy (CP) is an arduous task and the over-reliance on specific coping strategies may predispose caregivers to depression. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the different types of coping strategies and presence of depression in caregivers of children with CP. Methods One hundred and thirty two participants were recruited into the study. Their coping styles were measured using the Brief COPE inventory while depression was assessed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results The prevalence of current depressive episodes among the participants was 20.5%. Depression had a strong negative correlation with active coping (r = -0.415), planning (r = -0.432), and positive reframing (r = -0.594), and a weak negative correlation with humor (r = -0.239). But a strong positive correlation with use of instrumental support (r = 0.421) and self-blame (r = 0.448), and a moderate positive correlation with denial (r = 0.313), and behavioral disengagement (r = 0.308). Both emotion–focused (r = -0.361) and problem-focused (r = -0.576) coping style had a strong negative correlation with depression. While dysfunctional coping style had a strong positive correlation with depression (r = 0.489). Discussion Emotional and problem focused coping style were found to more protective against depression than dysfunctional coping styles among care givers of children with CP.

Weight-Related Teasing, Coping Strategies and Self-Esteem in Obese University Students

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between weight-based teasing, coping strategies and self-esteem among obese university students. A total of 60 obese university students (Males=30, Females=30) of the age group 17 to 26 years (M= 21.52, SD= 2.24) were chosen from different universities of Lahore. The measures used in the current study were Body Mass Index (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013), Perception of Teasing Scale (Thompson, Cattarin, Fowler & Fisher, 1995), Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced Questionnaire (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). The findings revealed no significant gender differences in the use of problem focused and emotion focused coping styles. The results also revealed that 70% of the overweight/obese students were living a sedentary life style while 30% of the participants were engaged in taking a properly balanced diet along with exercise. 60% of the students were overweight due to the excessive eating, no physical activity or excessive sleeping. The results also showed that there was a significant positive relationship between perception of teasing and self-esteem and perception of teasing was a strong predictor of self-esteem among obese university students.

Coping strategy in infertile couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment

Abstract Objective The purpose of the study was to determine whether infertility is associated with coping processes and is there a difference between infertile women and men in the use of coping strategies? Material and Methods In a cross-sectional study, the study sample consisted of 400 infertile couples, age at least 18 years and could read and write in Persian were enrolled at the Royan institute, Tehran, Iran, between July and September 2014. Participants provided demographic and Ways of coping questionnaire (WOCQ). Data was analyzed by paired t-test and multivariate analysis using SPSS software. Results There was a significantly higher score for self-control in husbands compared to wives (P = 0.016). As well as wives have lower score of Confronted Coping and Distancing than their husbands however Accepting Responsibility, Positive Reappraisal were lower in wives than husbands but these differences are not significant (P > 0.05). Mean score of Seeking Social Support and escape avoidance of wives was higher and significant (P = 0.037, P = 0.022 respectively). Conclusion Our finding showed that husbands have more Problem focused coping style and wives have more Emotion focused coping style.

Gender differences in coping styles of patients with depression: A comparative study

The present study was undertaken to investigate the gender differences in coping styles of patient with depression. Three types of coping styles were measured: problem focused, emotion focused and dysfunctional copings. The sample consisted of 101 participants (Male = 61, 60.4%) and (Female = 40, 39.6%) diagnosed with depression who were selected through convenience sampling technique from different hospitals of Dhaka city. Depression scale (DS), adapted Bengali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and adapted Bengali version of COPE scale were used to assess different variables for the present study. Results of the study indicated that male patients were tending to use more problem focused coping styles than females and female patients were tending to use more dysfunctional coping style than male. There was no gender difference found in the groups on emotion focused coping style. Based on the findings developing a better therapeutic intervention to treat depression, was discussed.
 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 145-154, 2018 (July)

The Relationship Between Coping Style and School Adjustment Amongst Secondary School Students in Kisumu East Subcounty, Kenya

The objectives of the study were to: establish gender differences in coping style; to establish differences amongst high and low achievers in their use of coping style and to determine the relationship between coping style and school adjustment. The study was guided, by Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional theory, and Utretcht Work Engagement theory by Schaufeli and Bakker A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study population consisted of 4500 students. A sample size of 450 was selected using Stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaires and document analysis guide were used for data collection. Reliability was computed using Cronbach’s alpha and the results were as follows:- 0.6 for coping style 0.8 for school engagement and 0.7 for satisfaction with school. Content validity was ascertained in literature by the author. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics. It was found that there were no gender differences in coping style used. Low achievers reported more use of problem focused coping style. There were significant positive correlations between problem focused coping style and absorption as well as engagement. There were significant negative correlations between emotion focused coping and school adjustment among high achievers. The study may be useful to teachers, counselors, administrators and parents who will be able to assist students use appropriate coping styles.

Role of Social Support and Coping Styles in Mental Health of Women Who Apply for Divorce

This study aimed to survey the role of social support and coping styles in mental health of women who apply for Divorce. The research method is correlation. The number of 110 women applying for divorce of Rasht city in 2013, were selected through Available sampling method and responded to social support, mental health and coping styles questionnaires. The gathered data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that there exist a positive and significant relation between social support and mental health (P>0/01). Also the results indicated that the relation between problem focused coping style with mental health is positive and significant (P>0/01). The relation between emotion focused coping style and mental health is negative and significant (P>0/01). The stepwise regression analysis showed that the predictive variables could significantly predict 29 percent of variance of mental health. The results of current research in consistent with other studies indicate that social support and coping styles have an important role in mental health of women who apply for divorce.

Predictors of Quality of Life and its Impact on Coping Styles ni Stroke Caregivers

Introduction: In developing countries, stroke rehabilitation is conducted by family caregivers. Long-term stroke rehabilitation had impact on certain life domains of caregivers. The aim of the study was to examine predictors of quality of life and impact of quality of life on adopted coping styles. Methods: A cross-sectional community based survey was conducted. 100 stroke family caregivers were purposively selected. WHOQOL –BREF scale and Coping Checklist (CCL) was used to measures quality of life and coping styles in caregivers. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Study findings revealed that there is statistical significant relationship between coping and physical quality of life (r=0.273, p<0.05). However, emotional and problem focused coping styles shows a significant positive relationship with overall quality of life (r=0.233, p<0.05) and satisfaction to health (r=0.208, p<0.05) respectively. Use of denial as a coping style found significant and negative relationship with social (r=-0.318, p<0.01) and environment (r=0.397, p<0.01) quality of life. Simple liner regression shows that availability of sub caregiver at home (p<0.05), family types (p<0.05) and caregiver as primary earning member (p<0.05) had direct relationship with satisfaction of health in caregivers. Conclusion: Caregiving task is challenging to perform and had negative impacts on different sphere of life in family caregivers. Use of appropriate coping strategies helps to improve caregiver’s welfare.

Differences Between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Coping Styles for Male and Female Patients with Major Depression

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of childhood traumas, determine their effects on coping skills, and assess gender specific differences in patients with major depression. Fifty female and fifty male patients with unipolar depression were enrolled. All patients were administered sociodemographic a data form, the Beck Depression Inventory, and subjected to a COPE Scale. Experiences of childhood abuse and neglect were assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28). First, female patients with childhood traumas were found to use emotion focused coping styles whereas, male patients used problem focused and less useful coping styles more frequently. Second, there were positive relationships between childhood trauma scores and depression severity, childhood sexual abuse, and emotion focused coping styles in both male and female groups according to correlation analyses. In addition, childhood traumas led to further modifications on coping styles in the male group. Finally, a multiple linear regression model was used to identify independent predictors of coping styles. For both men and women, it was shown that childhood sexual abuse was significantly and positively related to emotion focused coping styles. Depression severity was the other predictor for emotion focused coping styles and was less useful in only the male group. Increased information on childhood trauma history and gender specific coping strategies could help to identify individual's at risk for depression and/or predict response to treatment. Future studies should focus on the prospective investigation of potential predictors and mediators in this area.

일개 지역 대학생의 자살생각 경로모형

Purpose: In this study, the fitness of a path model on suicidal ideation in university students was examined including the relationship of the following stress perception, problem focused coping style, dysfunctional impulsivity, somatization, anger, and depression. Methods: The subjects consisted of 645 university students. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyses was performed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 and LISREL 8.30. Results: According to the modified model, depression was found to have the most significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. Stress perception and problem focused coping style were also found to have a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. On the other hand the anger, somatization, and dysfunctional impulsivity were found to have a significant indirect effect mediated by depression on suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These results suggest that university students' suicidal ideation can be decreased by managing stress perception, dysfunctional impulsivity, depression, anger, and somatization and increasing problem focused coping style. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to develop stress management methods and positive coping styles.

Stress Coping Styles and Nurse-parents Partnership

The purpose of this study was to examine affecting stress coping styles on nurse-parent partnership in pediatric nurses. Data were obtained through questionnaires from 167 pediatric ward nurses in 10 hospital located in the Gyeonggi, Chungcheong and Gyeongsang province. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 18.0. As a results, nurse-parent partnership had a significant positive correlation with problem focusing coping style (r=.39, p＜.001), social support navigation coping style (r=18, p=.018), positive point of view coping style (r=.36, p＜.001), relief of tension coping style (r=.23, p=.002). The significant major predictors of nurse-parent partnership were problem focusing coping style (β=.335, p＜.001) and total work experience-less than 1 year (β=.233, p=.004), department satisfaction [dissatisfaction (β=?.164, p=.020), satisfaction (β=.151, p=.032), very satisfaction (β=.148, p=.020)]. Problem focused coping style, total work experience, department satisfaction, accounted for 36.4% of variance in nurse-parent partnership. Therefore to enhance nurse-parent partnership a follow up study on the development of a program for advanced problem focused coping style, enhanced to satisfaction of department in pediatric nurses is needed. (Korean J Str Res 2016;24:47∼56)

Defensive and Coping Styles for Residents in Psychiatry

The nature of this profession requires the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Also to have chosen this for your career might mean to have some particularities in these areas. The evaluation of coping and defense style mechanisms for residents in psychiatry that conduct clinical work. A descriptive study was developed to determine and evaluate defensive and coping styles for residents in psychiatry. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied on a 31 willing resident in psychiatry from approximate 50 residents in total from the center in which the study was conducted. The most frequent mechanisms found on the evaluated group are: “Altruism”,”Self-observation” – superior defense styles and “Positive interpretation and growth” - an emotion focused coping style and „Planning” – a problem focused coping style. The chosen profession can be a factor that underlines some inborn abilities but also a modulating factor for one's structure. The developing of adequate coping and defense styles might be a requirement for becoming a psychiatrist or it might be a gain for someone working in this field day by day.

La gestion de la souffrance par le psychologue clinicien. Étude des impacts et des stratégies de coping

We focus in this study on strategies used by clinical psychologists to cope with their own or patient psychological distress in the framework of help relationship. A self-administered form was sent to listings of professionals by e-mail. The sample is made of 187 French clinical psychologists. To cope with patients’ suffering, psychologists use mostly avoidance coping style. And the strategies they prefer are “supervision”, “personal therapy” and “speaking with colleagues” (problem focused coping strategies). To cope with their own distress, which has a lot of negative impacts on help relationship, psychologists have most frequently a problem focused coping style but their favourite strategy is to “lighten their schedules”. And almost a quarter of the sample presents a significant level of distress. In conclusion, results show that psychological distress management by psychologists is an important question with a lot of ethical questions.

SAT0283 Living with axial spondyloarthritis: Patients are using different coping strategies

BackgroundThe main symptom of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), chronic inflammatory back pain, has been traditionally evaluated from a biomedical perspective but coping strategies may also have an important role...

An investigation of the Relationship Between Personality Dimensions and Stress Coping Styles

Purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality dimensions and coping styles with stress. Method was correlation study in which 300 students (150 girls, 150 boys) were selected from Malayer University. An extensive analysis was performed to assess the kind of association exist among five personality factors personality (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness) and three coping strategies (problem-focused, positive emotional-focused and negative emotional-focused). All participants were asked to complete the NEO-FFI personality inventory and the Tehran Coping Styles Scale (TCSS). Results indicated that Neuroticism was negatively correlated with positive emotional-focused coping style and was positively correlated with negative emotional-focused coping style in female students, while it was positively correlated with negative emotional-focused coping styles in male students. Extraversion was positively correlated with problem-focused and positive emotional-focused coping style in both male and female students. Openness was positively correlated with problem- focused coping styles in female students. Agreeableness was positively correlated with problem-focused and positive emotional- focused coping styles and negatively correlated with negative emotional-focused coping style in male, while it was positively correlated with problem- focused coping style and negatively correlated with negative emotional-focused coping style in female students. Conscientiousness were positively correlated with problem-focused coping style and negatively correlated with negative emotional-focused coping style in both male and female students. Discussin: personality dimensions were associated with coping strategies.