Flyingfish Research Articles

Gillnet Selectivity for the Coromandel Flying Fish, Hirundichthys coromandelensis (Hornell, 1923), along the Nagapattinam Coast, Southeast Coast of India

Gillnet Selectivity for the Coromandel Flying Fish, Hirundichthys coromandelensis (Hornell, 1923), along the Nagapattinam Coast, Southeast Coast of India

Sustainable Fisheries Management of the Flying Fish (Decapterus spp.) with Rapfish Analysis in Pasongsongan Waters, East Java, Indonesia

Sustainable Fisheries Management of the Flying Fish (Decapterus spp.) with Rapfish Analysis in Pasongsongan Waters, East Java, Indonesia

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LENGTH AND WEIGHT AND CONDITION FACTORS OF SCAD FISH (Decapterus Russelli) CATCH OF PURSE SEINE IN LAMPUNG BAY AT KM.GUNUNG JATI

The rate of exploitation of scads fish has increased, giving rise to concerns that the recruitment process is overfished. Relationship between length and weight in fisheries is one of the complementary information that needs to be known in relation to fisheries resource management. The purpose of this practice are to know the composition of yield, growth pattern catch of fly fish (Decapterus russeli) in the Lampung Bay. Sampling by simple random method were conducted in December until mid-March 2020. Samples consisted of catches from Lampung bay ships landed at the Lempasing fishing port. Data analysis by Linear Allometric Models (LAM), relative condition factors and fultons. The results showed the fly fish (Decapterus russeli) had a negative allometric growth pattern in December with a value of b = 2,7244, January with a value of b = 2,7153, February with a value of b = 2,8918, and in March with a value of b = 2,7067 value of 100,82-101,16 from relatively high relative condition factor and value of 2,85-2,91 from fulton condition factor which supports abundant feed which supports the life of Deccapterus russeli fish in good condition.

Genetic Diversity of Flying Fish (Exocoetidae) in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Flying fish (Exocoetidae) is a pelagic fishery commodity that holds economic value among the people of eastern Indonesia. Flying fish are advantageous as they are abundant in Indonesian sea waters, making them an affordable source of omega-3, which is beneficial for human health. However, the high demand for flying fish has resulted in overfishing, which poses a risk of reducing their natural population. Proper management of this commodity is necessary to minimize these risks. Effective management requires adequate information, including genetic diversity data. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of flying fish in Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in the Banda Sea and Bone Bay populations. Tissue samples were collected from flying fish in the two populations during the study in March 2022. The results show that the genetic diversity values of flying fish in Bone Bay and the Banda Sea were 0.984 and 1.00, respectively, while the nucleotide diversity values were 0.021 and 0.018. High genetic diversity values and nucleotide diversity values were found between the two populations, with values of 0.990 and 0.020, respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the two populations in Southeast Sulawesi are genetically similar.

Single Bale-Bale Technology: Sustainable Utilization of Flying Fish Eggs in the Waters of the Aru Islands, Indonesia

The waters of Eastern Indonesia constitute a potential area for the utilization of flying fish eggs. The capture of fish eggs relies on the behavior of parent fish that deposit their eggs on floating objects at the sea surface. The technology is known by the name drifting FAD or its local name, “bale-bale”. However, the tendency of fishermen is to design double bale-bale for maximum utilization without considering the sustainability of the fishery resources. This research aims to develop single bale-bale technology for sustainable utilization of flying fish eggs in the waters of the Aru Islands, Indonesia. The vertical single bale-bale is an innovative system designed to enhance the efficiency of capturing flying fish eggs, reduce environmental impact, and support sustainable utilization. The research methodology involves the design and implementation of bale-bale, followed by performance evaluation and environmental impact analysis. The results of the study indicate that the vertical single bale-bale is more effective and sustainable compared to horizontal single bale-bale, mixed, or double configurations. Consequently, this research contributes to improving economic and ecological resilience while promoting environmentally friendly fishing practices.

STOCK STRUCTURE OF FLYING FISH (CYPSELURUS POECILOPTERUS) IN THE EASTERN INDONESIA WATER BASED ON MORPHOMETRIC AND MERISTIC VARIATION

Flying fish Cypselurus poecilopterus is a small pelagic fish resource that plays an important ecological and economic role. However, information regarding the structure of its stock in East Indonesian waters is still limited. This study aims to identify stock structure based on morphometric, meristic approaches, and associated with environmental factors. Fish samples were taken during one fishing season (June-September) in 2015 and 2021 in the waters of West Papua and East Seram where the Lydakker line passes, using the method of observation and purposive sampling, then the data were analyzed descriptively and t-test. The results of observations on 23 morphometric characters and 5 meristic features showed a significant difference, so it is estimated that flying fish stocks are composed of 2 sub-populations. Differences in morphometric and meristic parameters are affected by different environmental conditions in the two waters. This information is expected to be useful for the management and sustainable use of flying fish resources.

Assessment of Defatted Protein Concentrate from Flying Fish Roe Filament and Its Amino Acid Profile

Flying fish roe filament has a high protein content that can be explored as an alternative nutrition food. Unfortunately, those roe filaments still have a fishy odor caused by volatile compounds and fatty acid derivatives. This study aims to eliminate the fishy odor by removing the fat content using the defatting method. The research design used in this study was a simple Randomized Block Design (RDB) consisting of four treatments (control, 1 h, 3 h, and 5 h). The method used in this study for determining amino acids is a descriptive method using HPLC (HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography). The best treatment for extraction time was 5 h with the results of moisture content 10.5 %, ash content 7.5 %, protein content 47.925 %, fat content 8.65 %, total volatile base (TVB) 4.939 %, and yield 86.63 %. TVB value proved that the treatment could reduce the fatty acid content, so the protein concentrate becomes not fishy (from 9.64 to 4.939 %). The best treatment showed the highest content of lysine (149.75 mg 100 g-1) than another essential amino acid.

LITERATURE REVIEW OF FLYING FISH: BIOLOGY, DISTRIBUTION, FLYING FISH FISHERIES, AND CURRENT RESEARCH

This article presents various literature related to flying fish from 1930 to the present, which are shown in the form of aspects of biology, distribution, fisheries, and utilization of Current Technology in Flying Fish Research. This study was conducted through a systematic search and review of various articles, books, dissertations, and theses that discuss flying fish. Literature studies related to flying fish are important to provide more complete information required to maintain the sustainability of their resources. This study shows the classification, type, spawning process, body shape, ability to glide in the waters, distribution, fishing technology, and current technology in various researches.
 Keywords: biology, distribution, flying fish, fisheries

Aedes albopictus microbiota: Differences between wild and mass-reared immatures do not suggest negative impacts from a diet based on black soldier fly larvae and fish food.

The "Sterile Insect Technique" (SIT), a promising method to control Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, is gaining increasing interest. Recently, the role of microbiota in mosquito fitness received attention, but the link between microbiota and larval diet in mass rearing programs for SIT remains largely unexplored. We characterized the microbiota of four larval instars, pupae and eggs of non-wild (NW) lab-reared Ae. albopictus fed with a diet based on Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae powder and fish food KOI pellets. We compared it with wild (W) field-collected individuals and the bacterial community occurring in rearing water-diet (DIET). A total of 18 bacterial classes with > 0.10% abundance were found overall in the samples, with seven classes being especially abundant. Overall, the microbiota profile significantly differed among NW, W and DIET. Verrucomicrobiae were significantly more abundant in W and DIET, Bacteroidia were more abundant in NW and DIET, and Gammaproteobacteria were only more abundant in W than in DIET. W-eggs microbiota differed from all the other groups. Large differences also appeared at the bacterial genus-level, with the abundance of 14 genera differing among groups. Three ASVs of Acinetobacter, known to have positive effects on tiger mosquitoes, were more abundant in NW than in W, while Serratia, known to have negative or neutral effects on another Aedes species, was less abundant in NW than in W. The bacterial community of W-eggs was the richest in species, while dominance and diversity did not differ among groups. Our data show that the diet based on Black soldier fly powder and fish food KOI influences the microbiota of NW tiger mosquito immature stages, but not in a way that may suggest a negative impact on their quality in SIT programs.

Quality Changes in Intermediate Flying Fish, Cheilopogon intermedius Parin, 1961, During Ambient and Ice Storage

Intermediate flying fish, Cheilopogon intermedius, Parin, 1961, is a popular source of inexpensive animal protein in the Philippines, but it remains susceptible to deterioration during processing. The study evaluated the sensory, microbiological, and physico-chemical characteristics of flying fish, C. intermedius stored at ambient conditions (27– 29 °C) and on ice (1–2 °C) storage. The storage duration of flying fish was 8 h at ambient temperature and around 12 days in ice. A ten-member taste panel rejected raw fish due to strong fishy to sour odours and soft texture. Similarly, cooked samples were rejected based on sour and ammoniacal odours, mushy texture, and a bitter taste. Results of sensory evaluation correlated with those of microbial and chemical analyses. Bacteria multiplied rapidly at ambient temperature with values of 11.05 log CFU.g-1 and 7.55 log CFU.g-1 (P < 0.05) for total viable count (TVC), and H2Sproducers count, respectively, at the end of the 20-h storage. In comparison, bacterial counts remained below rejection limits until the end of the storage period for samples stored in ice. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) and trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) accumulated rapidly at ambient temperature, reaching 86.86 mg.100 g-1 and 35.65 mg.100 g-1, respectively, at the end of the storage period. In ice, TVB-N, TMA-N, and histamine values were slowed down, reaching rejection limits only at the end of the storage period. Moreover, the K value increased linearly at ambient storage, while a gradual increase was observed for samples stored in ice. Therefore, without the application of adequate icing, flying fish would undergo rapid decomposition at ambient temperature.

Quantitative Distribution of the Flying Fish (Exocoetidae), Marine Mammals, Birds, and Sea Turtles in the Northern Part of the Central Atlantic Ocean (Results Obtained in the Research Cruises nos. 43–45 of the R/V “Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov”)

Quantitative Distribution of the Flying Fish (Exocoetidae), Marine Mammals, Birds, and Sea Turtles in the Northern Part of the Central Atlantic Ocean (Results Obtained in the Research Cruises nos. 43–45 of the R/V “Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov”)

Quantitative Distribution of the Flying Fish (Exocoetidae), Marine Mammals, Birds, and Sea Turtles in the Northern Part of the Central Atlantic Ocean (Results Obtained in the Research Cruises nos. 43–45 of the R/V “Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov”)

The results of visual assessments of the flying fish (Exocoetidae), marine mammals, birds, and sea turtles, carried out mainly in the northern part of the Central Atlantic Ocean both during the ship was under way and at stations, are presented. Schematic maps of the quantitative distribution of the detected animals and of the specific biomass of the flying fish are provided. In terms of abundance and biomass of the flying fish, the studied region of the Atlantic south of 30° N is one of the most productive in the World Ocean, no signs of decreasing productivity have been found when compared with data obtained earlier. Tremendous abundance of gulfweed (Sargassum) in the study area is expected to have a positive effect on the abundance of birds and four-winged flying fish (subfamily Cypselurinae); at the same time, it apparently had a negative impact on the abundance of two–winged flying fish (genus Exocoetus). As a result, four-winged flying fish began to significantly predominate in the study area replacing the two-winged flying fish that dominated by abundance for almost a century. The relationships between the abundance of the flying fish and birds and some environmental parameters have been studied. An attempt has been made to assess the influence of various environmental factors on the quantitative distribution of the flying fish and birds using mathematical models.

Platform development and gliding optimization of a robotic flying fish with morphing pectoral fins

The aquatic-aerial robot with the free interface crossing can enhance adaptability in complex aquatic environments. However, its design is extremely challenging for the striking discrepancies in propulsion principles. The flying fish in nature exhibits remarkable multi-modal cross-domain locomotion capability, such as high-maneuvers swimming, agile water-air crossing, and long-distance gliding, providing extensive inspiration. In this paper, we present a unique aquatic-aerial robotic flying fish with powerful propulsion and a pair of morphing wing-like pectoral fins to realize cross-domain motion. Furthermore, to explore the gliding mechanism of flying fish, a dynamic model with a morphing structure of pectoral fins is established, and a double deep Q-network-based control strategy is proposed to optimize the gliding distance. Finally, experiments were conducted to analyze the locomotion of the robotic flying fish. The results suggest that the robotic flying fish can successfully perform the ‘fish leaping and wing spreading’ cross-domain locomotion with an exiting speed of 1.55 m s−1 (5.9 body lengths per second, BL/s) and a crossing time of 0.233 s indicating its great potential in cross-domain. Simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and indicated that the dynamical adjustment of morphing pectoral fins contributes to improving the gliding distance. The maximum gliding distance has increased by 7.2%. This study will offer some significant insights into the system design and performance optimization of aquatic-aerial robots.

PERUBAHAN MUTU IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus sp.) SEGAR YANG DIRENDAM DALAM LARUTAN TOMI-TOMI (Flacourtia inermis Roxb) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN

Flying fish is a type of zooplankton eater, living near the sea surface (pelagic) and forming large schools. The decline in the quality of fish can be seen from changes in mucus, eyes, gills and stomach contents which tend to rot. This study aims to determine changes in the quality of fresh flying fish soaked in tomitomi solution during storage. This study used an analysis of pH values, TPC values, and E, coli, and found the results, namely pH and TPC values which indicated that the longer the storage time, the values increased, and for the Escherichia coli values, all samples were positive. So in this study it was concluded that soaking flying fish using tomi-tomi is effective if its function is only to maintain quality, but the bacteria contained in the fish survive and increase.

Quality of Chemically Processed Flying Fish (Hyrundicthys oxycephalus) Waste Silage

Flying fish are the fish that are widely found in the waters of the Makassar Strait, especially in Majene Regency. During the harvest season, flying fish leave a lot of waste that pollutes the environment. This research aimed to evaluate flying fish waste silage's physical and chemical qualities. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications groups. To process the sample, formic acid at concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 3%, and 3.5% was used. Anova was applied for data analysis, followed by Duncan's test if the treatments differed significantly. Parameters observed were chemical quality, including crude protein and fat content, total bacteria count, and pH, while physical-chemical quality included aroma, color, and texture of flying fish waste silage. The results showed that the addition of formic acid to fly fish silage had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on protein, fat, pH, and total bacteria levels but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the aroma, color, and texture of the hay. This research concludes that chemically processing flying fish silage with the addition of 2.5% formic acid can increase the protein content to the optimum level in the P1 treatment resulting in the highest protein content of 48.81% and the fat content of 1.63%, pH 3.5, total bacteria 4 x 104, sour taste, gray color and liquid texture that can be safely used as raw feed.

An Adaptable Flying Fish Robotic Model for Aero- and Hydrodynamic Experimentation.

Flying fishes (family Exocoetidae) are known for achieving multi-modal locomotion through air and water. Previous work on understanding this animal's aerodynamic and hydrodynamic nature has been based on observations, numerical simulations, or experiments on preserved dead fish, and has focused primarily on flying pectoral fins. The first half of this paper details the design and validation of a modular flying fish inspired robotic model organism (RMO). The second half delves into a parametric aerodynamic study of flying fish pelvic fins, which to date have not been studied in-depth. Using wind tunnel experiments at a Reynolds number of 30,000, we investigated the effect of the pelvic fin geometric parameters on aerodynamic efficiency and longitudinal stability. The pelvic fin parameters investigated in this study include the pelvic fin pitch angle and its location along the body. Results show that the aerodynamic efficiency is maximized for pelvic fins located directly behind the pectoral fins and is higher for more positive pitch angles. In contrast, pitching stability is neither achievable for positive pitching angles nor pelvic fins located directly below the pectoral fin. Thus, there is a clear a trade-off between stability and lift generation, and an optimal pelvic fin configuration depends on the flying fish locomotion stage, be it gliding, taxiing, or taking off. The results garnered from the RMO experiments are insightful for understanding the physics principles governing flying fish locomotion and designing flying fish inspired aerial-aquatic vehicles.

How does tourism image affect visitor perceptions of a festival's identity? Influence analysis of three aboriginal festivals in Taiwan

This paper evaluates a theoretical model of tourism image, authentic experience, and festival identity for visitors at aboriginal festivals in Taiwan. Totally, 1315 useful responses were obtained for analysis. Cognitive image significantly impacted both object-based and existential authenticity for visitors at all three aboriginal festivals. Affective image significantly impacted both object-based and existential authenticity only for visitors at the Yami Flying Fish aboriginal festival. Conative image significantly impacted both object-based and existential authenticity for visitors at all three aboriginal festivals. Both object-based and existential authenticity significantly impacted festival identity for visitors at all three aboriginal festivals. The findings extend our knowledge of the “tourism image – authentic experience – festival identity” theoretical framework to visitors of traditional cultural festivals. Managers should design activities to provide visitors with opportunities to interact with aboriginal people to enrich visitors’ positive authentic experience. This interaction, in turn, will help visitors understand aboriginal culture and aboriginal identity.

Effects of Giving Flying Fish Biscuits and Jewawut Flour Against the Nutritional Status of Adolescents

Anthropometry is a method commonly used in assessing nutritional status, nutritional status indicators used for the adolescent age group are based on anthropometric measurements (BB) and (TB) which are presented in the form (TB/U) and (BMI/U). This study aims to determine the effect of giving biscuits with substitutes of flying fish meal and barley flour on the nutritional status of adolescent girls at SMAN 1, SMAN 2, SMAN 3 and MAN Mamuju. This research method is carried out with a Quasi Experimental study design. The population in this study were all students of class XI who were screened at SMAN 1, SMAN 2, SMAN 3 and MAN Mamuju, totaling 461 students. The results of the study on young women in high school in Mamuju district, in general, from 66 respondents from SMAN 1 Mamuju 20 people, SMAN 2 Mamuju 13 people, from SMAN 3 Mamuju 2 people and MAN Mamuju 31 people, where in the intervention and control group 100% women or teenage girl. The conclusion is that giving flying fish meal biscuits and barley flour can improve the status of weight, height, and upper arm circumference in adolescent girls.

The Hyperloop is Hyper Old: Elon Musk Merely Renamed a 200-Year-Old Dream: Numbers Don't Lie

“Lord how this world improves as we grow older,” reads the caption for a panel in the “March of Intellect,” part of a series of colored etchings published between 1825 and 1829. The artist, William Heath (1794–1840), shows many futuristic contraptions, including a four-wheeled steam-powered horse called Velocity, a suspension bridge from Cape Town to Bengal, a gun-carrying platform lifted by four balloons, and a giant winged flying fish conveying convicts from England to New South Wales, in Australia. But the main object is a massive, seamless metallic tube taking travelers from East London's Greenwich Hill to Bengal, courtesy of the Grand Vacuum Tube Company.

Evolution and development: From the pet shop to the pelagic zone

Flying fish and some of their relatives have evolved the ability to elegantly escape predators by gliding through air. A new study- involving a pet shop zebrafish mutant- offers glimpses into how fins might have been modified to enable this stunt.