Flush Terminal Relationship Research Articles

Primary Canine and Molar Relationships in Centric Occlusion in 3- to 6-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Survey.

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe occlusal relationship of primary dentition plays a vital role in predicting malocclusion in permanent dentition because primary dentition is the stepping stone for permanent dentition.AimThe aim of the study was to assess the occlusal relationships between the primary canine and the primary molar in the primary dentition in centric occlusion and also spacing in primary dentition among a group of 3- to 6-year-old children.Materials and methodsThe survey was based on examination of the primary dentition of 100 school children aged 3–6 years from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The examination was done using pen light and mouth mirror. The occlusal assessment was done only on children who are healthy and free from extensive caries. The primary molar relationship and the canine relationship were assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria with the teeth in centric occlusion.ResultsThe study showed that, out of 100 school children, the molar relationship 56% had mesial step followed by 36% with flush terminal relationship and 8% with distal step relationship and out of 100 children, the canine relationship 61% of children had class III relationship followed by 27% class I relationship and 12% class II relationship. And around 54% had spacing out of which, maximum spacing was found only in the upper anteriors.ConclusionThe survey concluded showing that the mesial step primary relationship was more common among 5- to 6-year-old children followed by flush terminal relationship and distal step relationship. The class III primary canine relationship was more common followed by classes I and II. Spacing was found more common in upper anteriors.How to cite this articleKumar D, Gurunathan D. Primary Canine and Molar Relationships in Centric Occlusion in 3 to 6-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(3):201–204.

Occlusal Changes from Primary to Mixed Dentitions in Nigerian Children

To evaluate longitudinally the occlusal changes between the deciduous and early mixed dentition stages in Nigerian children. The occlusion of 145 3- to 5-year-old children was initially assessed at a popular pre-primary school center in Ibadan, Nigeria in October 2002, using the Foster and Hamilton criteria. The same group of children was followed up for reexamination in October 2006 in the primary school section of the center. Of 61 students who were located and reexamined, 54 (26 male and 28 female) qualified for the study. The molar relationship was assessed using Angle classification, and other occlusal features such as spacing, crowding, overbite, and overjet were also assessed. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient, were applied as appropriate in the analysis of the data. Of 32 subjects initially having a flush terminal relationship (Class 1), 22 (68.7%) resulted in a Class I molar relationship, seven (21.9%) had Class II, and three (9.4%) had asymmetric relationships. Mesial step (Class III) was formed initially in 18 and 11 (61.1%) resulted in Class I. A Class III developed in five (27.8%). Significant positive correlations were found for molar relationship, crowding, overbite, and overjet variables (P < .01) between the two periods of assessments, but all were below 0.7 value. Angle Class I molar relationship was favored by initial flush terminal plane and mesial step relationships in the deciduous dentition.