Flow Of Second Grade Nanofluid Research Articles

Unsteady Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Second Grade Nanofluid (Ag-Cu) With CPC Fractional Derivative

Unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of fractionalized second grade nanofluid (Ag-Cu) over a vertical plate is obtained. The model is solved by using CPC fractional derivative. The novelty of present study is to generalized the model by using Fourier’s and Fick’s laws. The nanofluids are formed by dispersing two different nanoparticles, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu), into a based fluid. The governing dimensionless equations for velocity, concentration, and temperature profiles are solved using Laplace transform method and compared graphically. The effects of different parameters like fractional parameter, second grade parameter and magnetic parameter M are discussed through numerous graphs. From figures, it is observed that second grade and magnetic field have decreasing effect on velocity profile, whereas mass Grashof number have increasing effect on velocity of fluid.

An Implicit Finite Difference Analysis of Von Karman Flow of Second Grade Nanofluid with Temperature Dependent Viscosity

An Implicit Finite Difference Analysis of Von Karman Flow of Second Grade Nanofluid with Temperature Dependent Viscosity

Cattaneo-Christov double diffusions and entropy generation in MHD second grade nanofluid flow by a Riga wall

This article addresses the (MHD) magnetohydrodynamic flow of second grade nano-fluid. Stagnation point flow towards a stretched Riga wall is examined. Heat and mass transfer analyses are based upon Cattaneo-Christov (CC) theory. These considerations are entirely different than classical heat and mass fluxes by Fourier and Fick's laws. In addition, the convective condition of heat transfer is involved. Novel concept of entropy generation is highlighted. Formulation also consists of thermal radiation, heat generation and mixed convection. Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects through double diffusion concepts in energy and concentration expressions are modeled in correct manner. The resulting problems are computed by modern approach known as Optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM). This technique is frequently used for solving non-linear differential equations encountered in applied science and engineering. Total square residual error is computed. Velocity enhances for higher values of second grade and magnetic parameters. Higher estimation of thermal relaxation and solutal concentration parameter both temperature concentration are reducing. Physical arguments for important parameters of interest are organized.

Entropy Generation in MHD Second-Grade Nanofluid Thin Film Flow Containing CNTs with Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux Model Past an Unsteady Stretching Sheet

Entropy generation plays a significant role in several complex processes, extending from cosmology to biology. The entropy generation minimization procedure can be applied for the optimization of mechanical systems including heat exchangers, elements of nuclear and thermal power plants, ventilation and air-conditioning systems. In order to present our analysis, entropy generation in a thin film flow of second grade nanofluid holding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model is studied in this article. The flow is considered passing a linearly extending surface. A variable magnetic field with aligned angle ε is functioned along the extending sheet. With the aid of the homotopy analysis method (HAM), the fluid flow model is elucidated. The impressions of embedded factors on the flow are obtainable through figures and discussed in detail. It is observed that the velocity profile escalated with the increasing values of volume fraction of nanoparticles and second grade fluid parameter. The higher values of volume fraction of nanoparticles, second grade fluid parameter, non-linear heat source/sink, and thermal radiation parameter intensified the temperature profile. Surface drag force escalated with heightening values of nanoparticles volume fraction, unsteadiness, film thickness, magnetic, and second grade fluid parameters. Entropy generation increased with enhancing values of magnetic parameter, Brinkman number, and Reynolds number.

Time-dependent 3D flow of viscoelastic nanofluid over an unsteady stretching surface

This article addresses the unsteady three-dimensional flow of second grade nanofluid due to thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. The flow is generated due to unsteady stretching in two lateral directions. The zero nanoparticles mass flux boundary conditions are imposed to find the desired solutions. By introducing the dimensionless variables the governing system of partial differential equations are transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations. Series solutions of the transformed ordinary differential equations are computed. Solutions are carried out for dimensionless temperature and nanoparticles concentration. The behavior of physical parameters on the temperature and nanoparticles concentrations is examined through graphs and tabular data. The temperature and concentration distribution at the surface are also computed and analyzed. It can be noted that both the temperature and nanomaterial are reduced for higher values of unsteadiness parameter. It is also observed that the friction factor of second grade fluid parameter is less compared with viscous nanofluid.

Optimizing the theoretical analysis of entropy generation in the flow of second grade nanofluid

Here, the magnetohydrodynamic flow of second grade nanomaterials over a stretching sheet is discussed. Mathematical modeling incorporates the Buongiorno model. Significant mechanisms, i.e. Brownian movement and thermophoresis effects are retained. The further impact of Joule heating, viscous dissipation and nonlinear thermal radiation are also discussed. Physical features of the entropy generation rate in nanomaterials are the main focus of this analysis. Dimensionless variables are introduced to model the physical problem mathematically. The obtained systems are then tackled by means of an optimal homotopic algorithm. The effects of various pertinent flow variables on velocity, concentration, temperature, entropy optimization rate and Bejan number are interpreted. Our analysis indicates that entropy is enhanced via higher estimation of the Reynolds number, radiation parameter and magnetic parameter. Furthermore, the Bejan number reflects enhanced behavior against the radiation parameter. A comparative study is also provided to validate our present outcomes.

Stagnation-point flow of second grade nanofluid towards a nonlinear stretching surface with variable thickness

This paper investigates the stagnation point flow of second grade nanomaterial towards a nonlinear stretching surface subject to variable surface thickness. The process of heat transfer is examined through the melting heat and mixed convection effects. Further novel features regarding Brownian motion and thermophoresis are present. Boundary-layer approximation is employed in the problem formulation. Momentum, energy and concentration equations are converted into the non-linear ordinary differential system through the appropriate transformations. Convergent solutions for resulting problem are computed. Behaviors of various sundry variables on temperature and concentration are studied in detail. The skin friction coefficient and heat and mass transfer rates are also computed and analyzed. Our results indicate that the temperature and concentration distributions are enhanced for larger values of thermophoresis parameter. Further the present work is hoped to be useful in improving the performance of heat transfer of base fluid.

On magnetohydrodynamic flow of second grade nanofluid over a convectively heated nonlinear stretching surface

Here magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of second grade nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching surface with the convective surface boundary condition is examined. Heat and mass transfer characteristics subject to viscous dissipation, Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are examined. Second grade fluid is electrically conducted in the presence of non-uniformly applied magnetic field. Mathematical formulation for boundary layer and low magnetic Reynolds number assumptions is presented. Newly proposed condition having a zero nanoparticles mass flux at the surface is employed. The partial differential system has been converted into the nonlinear ordinary differential system by using appropriate transformations. The resulting nonlinear system has been solved via convergent approach. Graphs are sketched to analyze the impacts of various physical parameters on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticles concentration distributions. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are computed and discussed.

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) three-dimensional flow of second grade nanofluid by a convectively heated exponentially stretching surface

This article deals with the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) three-dimensional flow of second grade nanofluid in the presence of convective boundary condition. The flow is induced due to an exponentially stretching surface. An electrically conducting fluid in the presence of uniform magnetic field is taken into account. Problem formulation is developed subject to boundary layer and small magnetic Reynolds number assumptions. The systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained by using the appropriate transformations. Solutions of governing systems are first established and then convergence has been verified through plots and numerical data. A detailed parametric study is carried out to explore the effects of various physical parameters on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticles concentration profiles. Skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are tabulated and discussed. Our findings show that the temperature profile has a direct relationship with the magnetic parameter and Biot number.

Modeling and analysis for hydromagnetic three-dimensional flow of second grade nanofluid

The present research explores the hydromagnetic (MHD) three-dimensional flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid due to an exponentially stretching surface. The flow is generated due to an exponentially stretching surface. Constitutive expressions of second grade fluid are employed in the mathematical formulation. Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are considered. Fluid is electrically conducted in the presence of an applied magnetic field. The induced magnetic field is not considered subject to a low magnetic Reynolds number. Appropriate transformations yield the nonlinear ordinary differential systems. The resulting nonlinear systems are solved successfully. Impact reflecting the contributions of various interesting parameters entering into the problems is studied in detail. Skin friction coefficients and local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are also computed and analyzed. The present work is hoped to be useful in improving the performance of heat transfer of base fluid.

On magnetohydrodynamic flow of second grade nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching sheet

This research article addresses the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of second grade nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching sheet. Heat and mass transfer aspects are investigated through the thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. Second grade fluid is assumed electrically conducting through a non-uniform applied magnetic field. Mathematical formulation is developed subject to small magnetic Reynolds number and boundary layer assumptions. Newly constructed condition having zero mass flux of nanoparticles at the boundary is incorporated. Transformations have been invoked for the reduction of partial differential systems into the set of nonlinear ordinary differential systems. The governing nonlinear systems have been solved for local behavior. Graphical results of different influential parameters are studied and discussed in detail. Computations for skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number have been carried out. It is observed that the effects of thermophoresis parameter on the temperature and nanoparticles concentration distributions are qualitatively similar. The temperature and nanoparticles concentration distributions are enhanced for the larger magnetic parameter.

Impact of melting phenomenon in the Falkner–Skan wedge flow of second grade nanofluid: A revised model

This article investigates the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Falkner–Skan flow of a second grade nanofluid. The flow is caused by a stretching wedge with melting heat transfer and heat generation/absorption. A system of ordinary differential equations is obtained by using suitable transformations. Convergent series solutions are derived. The influence of various pertinent parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration is evaluated. Analysis of the obtained results shows that fluid flow enhances with the increase of wedge and second grade fluid parameters. Also thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameters have a reverse behavior on the temperature and concentration fields.

Mixed convective radiative flow of second grade nanofluid with convective boundary conditions: An optimal solution

We have studied three dimensional second grade nanofluid flow with effects of thermal radiation and mixed convection over an exponential stretched surface under the influence of convective boundary conditions. Obtained partial differential equations are transformed into coupled differential equations with the aid of apposite transformations. Newly introduced BVPh 2.0 Mathematica package is used to obtain an optimal convergent solution. This method is more efficient to provide optimal convergent value for all involved fields unlike Homotopy analysis method (HAM) which provide a rough estimate of convergence region. Impact of incipient physical parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration fields is presented in the form of graphs and debated accordingly. Numerical tabulated values of skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers with requisite discussion against numerous parameters is also added. It is noticed that temperature field is higher for larger values of radiation parameter. Moreover, increase in temperature profile and decrease in concentration field against gradually mounting values of Brownian motion parameter are experienced.

Similarity solution to three dimensional boundary layer flow of second grade nanofluid past a stretching surface with thermal radiation and heat source/sink

Development of human society greatly depends upon solar energy. Heat, electricity and water from nature can be obtained through solar power. Sustainable energy generation at present is a critical issue in human society development. Solar energy is regarded one of the best sources of renewable energy. Hence the purpose of present study is to construct a model for radiative effects in three-dimensional of nanofluid. Flow of second grade fluid by an exponentially stretching surface is considered. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects are taken into account in presence of heat source/sink and chemical reaction. Results are derived for the dimensionless velocities, temperature and concentration. Graphs are plotted to examine the impacts of physical parameters on the temperature and concentration. Numerical computations are presented to examine the values of skin-friction coefficients, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. It is observed that the values of skin-friction coefficients are more for larger values of second grade parameter. Moreover the radiative effects on the temperature and concentration are quite reverse.