Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Research Articles

Soret and Dufour effects for unsteady flow with shapes and (Cu+Fe3O4)/(ethelene–glycol+methanol) between two stretchable rotating disks

The ongoing study looks at the multiple shapes of nanoparticles in an unsteady flow between two stretchable rotating disks. Unsteady flow of hybrid nanofluid takes place between the stretchable disks, using (ethelene–glycol+methanol) as the base fluid and (Cu+Fe3O4) as the hybrid nanofluid. This study uses three distinct forms of (Cu+Fe3O4) hybrid nanofluids: brick, blade, and cylinder. Using chosen similarity transmutations, corresponding mathematical expressions (partial differential equations) are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The whole set of equations takes the shape of an ordinary differential equation depending on the boundary conditions, and the solution is numerically computed using the bvp4c MATLAB solver. The influence of multiple factors across the velocity field is illustrated graphically. To acquire tiny quantities of the unsteady factors S, the momentum boundary layer for all types of nanofluids becomes less and more conspicuous. We compared our findings to previous findings and discovered an intriguing pattern. The main discovery of this work is Dufour and Soret effect on the heat and concentration profile. The rise in the rotation and the unsteady parameter ends up with an increase in the tangential velocity. The temperature rises as the Brinkman number and heat source factors rise, and falls as the unsteady parameter S rises. The concentration falls as the Schmidt number and unsteady factor increase, but it increases as the activation energy increases.

Hybrid Nanofluid Flow in Microchannel With Fins: Thermal-Hydraulic, Entropy Generation and Energy Management Analysis

This study aims to numerically analyze the thermal-hydraulic performances and total entropy generation of mono-nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid in microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) with fins for laminar flow regime. Besides, the performance evaluation plots (PEPs) are plotted to explore the possibilities of energy saving for mono-nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid flow in MCHS with different fin configurations. The two-phase model is adopted to model the flow of nanofluid in the MCHS. The fin height, fin number, and nanoparticles loading are varied to investigate their effect on the heat transfer, flow characteristic, and entropy generation in the MCHS. It is discovered that 1.0% Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid gives the least total entropy generation if compared to water and Al2O3 mono-nanofluid owing to the significant heat transfer enhancement it offered. The MCHS with 5 fins and a fin height of 0.8 mm configuration is found to be the optimal design for heat removal in this study. Moreover, the plotted PEPs show that the use of Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid and Al2O3 nanofluid (with the concentration range of 0.1%–1.0%) in the MCHS can save energy at either constant pressure drop or flow rate.

Impact of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on MHD heat transmission MoS2 and ZnO/engine oil hybrid nanofluid flow along a stretching porous surface

Impact of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on MHD heat transmission MoS2 and ZnO/engine oil hybrid nanofluid flow along a stretching porous surface

Nanoconfined multiscale heat transfer analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow with magnetohydrodynamic effect and porous surface interaction

Nanoconfined multiscale heat transfer analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow with magnetohydrodynamic effect and porous surface interaction

Darcy-Forchheimer magnetohydrodynamic flow of non-Newtonian Reiner-Rivlin hybrid nanofluid bounded by double-revolving disks

The applications of fluid flow and heat transfer between coaxial double-revolving disks are diverse and can be found in various engineering and scientific domains. In general, the utilization of engine oil ( EO) mixed with hybrid nanoparticles serves various purposes in engine cooling, such as maintaining viscosity-temperature properties, preventing corrosion, and achieving other cooling-related objectives. This investigation focuses on the Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a non-Newtonian Reiner-Rivlin hybrid nanofluid confined between double-revolving disks. The hybrid nanoparticles used include cadmium telluride ( CdTe) and titanium dioxide ( TiO2), combined with the base fluid engine oil. The dimensional flow equations are converted into dimensionless forms using suitable similarity transformations. Subsequently, a semi-analytical methodology known as the homotopy analysis method ( HAM) is utilized to tackle this problem. Graphs are used to determine the effects of the various flow parameters of the hybrid nanofluids on the velocities, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and the Nusselt number. After validating the findings against previous research, an attractive agreement was observed. Some major outcomes from this present problem are that axial, radial, and temperature profiles increase with the rise of the cross-viscosity parameter while the tangential velocity decreases. Radial velocity increased, and tangential velocity diminished with an enhanced magnetic field parameter. Radial velocity is increased for higher values of the dimensionless forced parameter. For higher values of the porosity parameter, the temperature profile improved. Also, the exploration of the Nusselt number and skin friction for the disks, incorporating the effects of a magnetic field and porous medium, reveals that skin friction for both disks increase with the rising Reynolds number and volume fraction of the cadmium telluride nanoparticles.

Heat and mass transfer in electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid flow between two rotating parallel stretching surfaces: an entropy analysis

Heat and mass transfer in electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid flow between two rotating parallel stretching surfaces: an entropy analysis

Computational heat transfer analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a rotating disk using the Cattaneo-Christov model: Application of the Lobatto-III formula

This work investigated the impact of ternary nanoparticles on the flow dynamics across a revolving disk. This study examines the nanoparticles of magnesium oxide (MgO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and CoFe2O4 that were dispersed in different liquids -water and ethylene glycol (EG). This study examines the joint impacts of a varying inclined magnetic field and CattaneoChristov heat and mass flux on the flow of two ternary nanofluids across a spinning disk. Problems of this nature predominantly arise in symmetrical phenomena through the use of similarity transformations and are relevant to engineering, physics, and applied mathematics. The phenomena were expressed as partial differential equations, which were subsequently transformed into an ordinary differential equation within the existing system. Subsequently, this work is computed with the bvp4c scheme in MATLAB. Graphical results are employed to evaluate the examination of mass and heat transfer. The velocities increase with the inclined magnetic impression for both ternary nanofluids. The temperature increases and concentration declines with the increasing volume fraction of TiO2 and CoFe2O4 for both ternary nanofluid flows. The Nusselt number declines for I-ternary nanofluid flow and increases for II-ternary nanofluid flow with the thermal and solutal relaxation parameter along with the increasing volume fraction of TiO2 and MgO. In addition, the alterations in concentration, temperature, and velocity graphs for different dimensionless parameters are briefly examined through related diagrams. The Nusselt number declines with the I-ternary group and increases with the II-ternary group for the nanoparticle MgO concentration.

Heat transport analysis of three-dimensional Magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow through an extending sheet with thermal radiation and heat source/sink

Regarding heat transformation efficiency, the hybrid nanofluid performs superior to the nanofluid. The majority of hybrid nanofluid uses are in the industrial sector, producing solar energy, cooling generators, and vehicle heat transformation. Heat transfer and nanofluid velocity are the two most crucial transport properties that must be evaluated before the first and second thermodynamics equations are applied to nanoscale fluids. The objective of this work is to investigate the characteristics of transmission of heat of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid (Ag/H2O)and hybrid nanofluid (Ag+Al2O3/H2O)flow on a linear extensible sheet when magnetic forces are present. Similarity variables are applied to transform a set of nonlinear dimensionless partial-differential equations to collection of ordinary-differential equations. The non-analytical solutions of these transformed equations are found utilizing the MATLAB mathematical program's bvp4c function. The impression of various physical attributes along skin friction coefficients and properties of heat transmission are analyzed. The behavior of key parameters, including surface stretching ratio, rotational and magnetic effects, for temperature and velocity, is shown using graphs and tables. In conclusion, hybrid nanofluids, which comprise silver and aluminum oxide nanoparticles dispersed in water, outperform silver-water nanofluids by around 10-15% under magnetohydrodynamic (MHD). The higher thermal conductivity of these hybrid nanofluids allows for better heat dissipation, making them an appealing option for applications that need optimal thermal management in the presence of magnetic fields.

On multiple solutions of cubic catalysis chemically reactive flow of hybrid nanofluids

On multiple solutions of cubic catalysis chemically reactive flow of hybrid nanofluids

Optimization of thermal performance in hybrid nanofluids for parabolic trough solar collectors using Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method

Solar energy is an environment-friendly renewable energy source that fulfills the energy consumption requirements of the world economy. Concentrated solar power is the most advanced technology that efficiently absorbs concentrated solar energy. This article investigates the solar energy storage and entropy generation in concentrated parabolic trough solar collectors for hybrid nanofluid flow due to a spinning tube inserted at the receiver's center. The effect of copper nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotube mixture is studied using water-based fluid. Also, the influence of an external magnetic field is investigated with thermophoresis and Brownian motion of nanoparticles. The governing equations for the nanofluid flow are derived using the conservation principles of mass, momentum, energy, and concentration with boundary layer assumptions and no-slip boundary conditions. The governing equations are numerically solved using Adam Bashforth and Adam Moulten's fourth-order predictor-corrector numerical scheme along with the shooting approach. The numerical outcomes for the fluid velocity, temperature, Nusselt number, and entropy formation against various influential physical parameters have been discussed using graphs. It is observed that the augmenting Eckert number, thermophoretic diffusion parameter, and Brownian motion parameter escalates the thermal profiles. Also, an escalation of the radiation parameter and Lewis number enhances the Nusselt number. Thermal energy storage in solar collectors utilizing different terminologies is crucial for improving the efficiency and performance of solar thermal collectors.

Comparative investigation on radiative and heat generation effects of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a curved permeable surface: Stability analysis

Comparative investigation on radiative and heat generation effects of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a curved permeable surface: Stability analysis

Sensitivity study of heat transfer in a Jeffrey ferro-hybrid nanofluid bioconvective squeezing flow with inclined MHD and higher-order chemical reaction: entropy analysis

Abstract The present investigation concentrates on analyzing heat transfer and entropy formation in a time-reliant bioconvective flow of a blood-based Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid via a squeezing channel that is suctioned or injected at the lower plate. Cu nanoparticles and Fe3O4 ferro-nanoparticles are suspended in base-fluid blood. Adding ferro-nanoparticles to a flow process allows for better control of the external magnetic field and improved heat transmission. Noble integration of an aligned magnetic field, Joule's heating, thermal radiation, and higher-order chemical reactions is taken into account in the flow in a porous media. An appropriate choice of similarity variables leads to the non-dimensionalization of the governing equations, that are subsequently solved by the homotopy analysis method (HAM), yielding a semi-analytical solution. An innovative feature of this research is the optimization of heat transfer by the application of the response surface methodology (RSM) technique. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the most influential parameter. The study's findings indicate that increased suction reduces both velocity and temperature distributions in both the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid models. In terms of thermal performance, the Blood/Fe3O4 - Cu hybrid nanofluid surpasses the Blood/Fe3O4 nanofluid. The rate of thermal energy transfer is highly sensitive to variations in the Eckert number, while thermal radiation has a relatively lesser impact. Moreover, elevated levels of the magnetic parameter, Eckert number, and nanoparticle concentration lead to augmented entropy formation. This mathematical model is effective for analyzing drug transport mechanisms throughout the human body and presents extensive potential applications in the fields of biology and healthcare.

Heat transfer enhancement in magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluids over a Bi-directional extending sheet with slip and convective conditions

The hybrid nanofluids can enhance cooling systems in microelectronics by enhancing heat dissipation from processes which makes them vital for maintaining optimal performance. They are also beneficial in solar systems where efficient heat transfer is essential for exploiting the energy detention. Thus, this study has studied the three-dimensional flow of a water-based hybrid nanofluid comprising of Fe3O4 and CuO nanoparticles on a bi-directional extending sheet. The bi-directional extending sheet is subjected to thermal convective and velocity slip conditions. In addition, the effects of heat source, magnetic field, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating are employed. The partial differential equations (PDEs) that represent the mathematical model are subsequently converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying the appropriate similarity variables. The shooting technique is incorporated to determine the computational solution of the converted ODEs. The effectiveness of the current study is confirmed by published results, which also validate the current outcomes. Based on the results, it is concluded that CuO and Fe3O4 solid nanoparticle volume fractions improved the thermal distribution while decreasing the velocity distributions along x and y-axes. The thermal distribution is improved by the thermal heat source, thermal radiation, thermal Biot number, and thermal Eckert numbers. CuO-water nanofluid has a higher velocity panel than CuO-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid. Conversely, the CuO-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid has a higher thermal profile than the CuO-water nanofluid. CuO-water nanofluid flow has higher surface drags than CuO-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid flow. CuO-water nanofluid has a lower heat transfer rate than CuO-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid.

Thermal and hydrodynamic effects in variable geometry nanofluid transport with Thermo-Responsive liquid Composites: Dynamics of entropy generation

In this communication, the authors focused on energy loss during the flow of hybrid nanofluid in expanding/contracting channels. The goal is to determine how, in real-world applications, hybrid nanofluids can maximize energy efficiency and reduce entropy production, hence assisting in the development of more effective and sustainable thermal management systems. It is well documented that heat transfer is enhanced due to the presence of nanoparticles in a base fluid and hence decreases energy loss in the system. The second law of thermodynamics defines that heat transfer is not ideal; hence, entropy in a system always rises. Suitable measures can be taken to minimize energy loss. One method is to use a nanofluid, if multiple nanosized particles are used; it is named a hybrid nanofluid. In this communication, a comparative analysis of simple and hybrid nanofluids is provided. A mathematical model outlining the dynamics of the flow is provided. The upper plate acts as a porous plate that is contracting/expanding and through which coolant hybrid nanofluids enter the channel. The lower plate remains stationary and is heated externally. The equations governing the flow are converted into ordinary differential equations by employing the similarity transformation. These ODEs are then solved analytically to get the series solution by using HAM along with the given boundary conditions. The entropy equation is modelled using the Clausius Duhem inequality. Copper and silver nanoparticles are combined with water. The impacts of different dimensionless parameters on stream function, velocity profile, Nusselt number, entropy, and Bejan number are discussed, and their results are shown graphically.

Hybrid nanofluid flow in chamber containing heated and concentrated internal source under the effectiveness of applied magnetic field

Extensive applications of buoyancy-induced flow owing to temperature and concentration gradients have been found exclusively in diversified industrial and technological processes, such as heat exchange systems, solar collectors, heat sinks, and power plants. Additionally, installation of internal sources in confined configurations is essential in operation performance of many devices relevant to transformers, radiators, air cooling engines, fuel cells, semiconductor instruments and so forth. Furthermore, in recent decades, hybridized nanoparticles have been added to different setups to increase their efficiency. Therefore, the premier motive of current work is to examine mass and heat transport mechanisms in water-based fluids encompassed in a corrugated rectangular chamber with the induction of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) in a hybrid manner. A horizontally oriented magnetic field is assumed, along with the adjustment of a uniformly heated and concentrated source. The thermal conductivity relation proposed by Maxwell is obliged to scrutinize the performance of hybridized nanoparticles in controlling heat exchange in the domain. In this study, a power-law viscosity model is manifested along with utilization of other conservation laws and model structuring in the form of dimensionless expressions is performed by accomplishsing variables. Finite element simulations are executed by utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 to solve developed governing equations system. The quantities of interest, such as average heat and mass fluxex, along with presentation of percentage change versus sundry factors, through graphical and tabular display. From a thorough examination, it is inferred that magnetic field plays an effective significance in controlling the excessive thermosolutal gradients. In addition, inudction of hybridized nanoparticles will positively affect thermal exchange in the base liquid compared to the situation when nanoparticles are not added. It is also deduced that average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers decreased up to 3 % and 2.4 % respectively for hydromagnetic situation (Ha = 0) in comparison to hydrodynamic case (Ha ≠ 0). Decrement in coefficients representing thermosolutal exchange reach up to 55 % and 66 % approximately against increment in number of corrugations. Induction of hybrid nanoparticles resulted in an increase in the coefficients of thermal and solutal transfer up to 14 % and 22 %, respectively, compared to the scenario where the base fluid contained no particles. For shear thinning aspects of non-Newtonain liquid, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers exceeds in comparison to Newtonian case and contrary aspects are observed for shear thickening materials.

Thermal and magnetic influences on the hybrid nanofluid flow over exponentially elongating/contracting curved surfaces in porous media: a comprehensive study

Thermal and magnetic influences on the hybrid nanofluid flow over exponentially elongating/contracting curved surfaces in porous media: a comprehensive study

Blood Based Magnetohydrodynamic Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Flow on Convectively Heated Bi-Directional Porous Stretching Sheet with Variable Porosity and Slip Constraints

Abstract Fluid flow through porous spaces with variable porosity has wide-range applications, notably in biomedical and thermal engineering, where it plays a vital role in comprehending blood flow dynamics within cardiovascular systems, heat transfer and thermal management systems improve efficiency using porous materials with variable porosity. Keeping these important applications in view, in current study blood based hybrid nanofluid flow has considered on a convectively heated sheet. The sheet exhibits the properties of a porous medium with variable porosity and extends in both the x and y directions. Blood has used as base fluid in which the nanoparticles of Cu and CuO have been mixed. Thermal radiation, space-dependent, and thermal-dependent heat sources have been incorporated into the energy equation, while magnetic effects have been integrated into the momentum equations. Dimensionless variables have employed to transform the modeled equations into dimensionless form and facilitating their solution using bvp4c approach. It has concluded in this study that, both the primary and secondary velocities augmented with upsurge in variable porous factor and declined with escalation in stretching ratio, Casson, magnetic and slip factors along x- and y-axes. Thermal distribution has grown up with upsurge in Casson factor, magnetic factor, thermal Biot number and thermal/space dependent heat sources while has retarded with growth in variable porous and stretching ratio factors. The findings of this investigation have been compared with the existing literature, revealing a strong agreement among present and established results that ensured the validation of the model and method used in this work.

Computational outline on heat transfer analysis and entropy generation in hydromagnetic squeezing slip flow of hybrid nanofluid

PurposeThe current work investigates an unsteady squeezed flow of hybrid-nanofluid between two parallel plates in occurrence with a uniform transverse magnetic field. Water is used as base fluid mixed with Graphene Oxide (GO) and Copper (Cu) nanoparticles. The flow considered here is under slip boundary conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe governing PDEs are transmuted into ODEs by applying an appropriate similarity transformation and then solved numerically using the 4th order R-K method with shooting technique. Graphical illustrations for velocity, temperature, entropy generation (NG), Bejan number (Be), streamline etc. are presented and discussed in detail from the physical point of view. The nature of the Nusselt number is also studied numerically through contour plots for different flow parameters.FindingsThere is no funding obtained for the research work.Social implicationsThis kind of study may be used in various fields including polymer processing, lubrication apparatus, compression including hydrodynamical machines compression, food processing etc.Originality/valueIt is observed that very little investigation has yet been made about the movement of hybrid nanofluid between two analogous plates.

Thermal performance of a hybrid nanofluid flow through a stretchable stationary disk featuring the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux theory

A hybrid nanofluid is comprised of a (Ethylene glycol) base fluid component and (Copper and Aluminium oxide) nanoparticles, and the nanoparticles are scattered inside the Ethylene glycol. Integrating nanoparticles into a base fluid (Ethylene glycol) can significantly enhance its thermal conductivity, which in turn can boost the base fluid's rate of heat transfer. In addition, the dynamics of viscous fluid together with nanoparticles is quite interesting and has a large of applications in the industrial sector. The current predominately predictive modeling investigates the flow of the hybrid nanofluid via a stretchable stationary disk in the presence of heat source/sink. A progressive modification in he energy equation is done by utilizing the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux expressions. This theory provides predictions for the features of the thermal relaxation time of the liquid on the boundary layer flow. Further, the study focuses on the features of the Lorentz force resulting from the applied of a magnetic field perpendicular to the disk. The similarity approach is used to obtained the dimensionless ordinary differential equations.The bvp4c approach in Matlab is utilized as a numerical method for the solution. All the solutions are obtained through graphical form. According to the results, the thermal profile is reduced by adjusting the thermal relaxation time parameter. Motion of the hybrid nanofluid slows down by enlarging the magnetic force parameter. Additionally, the effect of the heat source significantly increases the thermal profile. It is noted that the temperature field is enhanced in the case of a larger Lorentz force. Moreover, the increase in volume fraction concentration intensifies the thermal distribution, but the velocity is diminished due to the effect of viscosity.

A comparative study of finite difference approach and bvp4c techniques for water base hybrid nanofluid containing multiple walls carbon nanotubes and magnetic oxide

This study investigates the thermal behaviour of unsteady hybrid nanofluid flow on an infinite vertical plate. The investigation takes into account parameters such as magnetohydrodynamics and radiation effects, as well as the stratified medium. The systems of equations were solved by employing the explicit finite difference approach of Dufort-Frankel method. The main motivation of the study is to compare the performance of water, magnetic oxide, and multi-wall carbon nanotubes as working fluids. Additionally, velocity, temperature, and concentration outlines are visualized through plots, elucidating the fluid behaviour. Tables are provided for the Skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number, offering comprehensive insights crucial for optimizing performance in engineering applications ranging from thermal management systems to renewable energy technologies. The main finding of this study indicates that the quantitative result reveals that the temperature outline escalates among increasing values of radiation. In contrast, the outlines of a velocity and concentration show a decrease as the values of magnetohydrodynamics increase. In addition, multi-walled carbon nanotubes consume a larger outcome on temperature. A statistical study displays that the thermal stream rate of magnetic oxide-multi-wall carbon nanotubes-water increases from 1.7615 percentages to 7.4415 percentages, respectively, when the volume fraction of nanoparticles rises from 0.01 to 0.05. Future research is important to understanding hybrid nanofluid flows and their applications in thermal engineering systems such as energy systems, nuclear reactors, biomedical applications, electronics cooling, solar thermal systems, chemical processing, and other heat transfer applications where improved thermal performance is crucial.