Implementation Flow Chart Research Articles

Entomological surveillance of invasive Aedes mosquitoes in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran from 2014 to 2020

Mosquitoes are the most important vectors of serious infectious diseases in the world. Dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever are emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, associated with the distribution of two key vectors i.e. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus throughout the world including countries neighbouring Iran. Entomological surveillance was planned and performed monthly from May to December during 2014–2020 in selected counties of Mazandaran Province, North of Iran, by ovitrap, larval collection, hand catch and human baited trap. Overall, 4410 Aedes specimens including 2376 larvae (53.9%) and 2034 (46.1%) adults belonging to six species, namely Aedes vexans, Aedes geniculatus, Aedes caspius, Aedes echinus, Aedes pulcritarsis and Aedes flavescence were collected and morphologically identified. Over the seven years of surveillance, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were not found by any sampling method. Aedes vexans and Ae. geniculatus were the most abundant species, their populations peaked in October and November and was positively correlated with precipitation and relative humidity. Aedes flavescence was a new species record for the province. A flowchart for planning and implementation of invasive mosquito surveillance for provincial health authorities in the country is proposed. These surveillance efforts provide basic and timely information for the health system to act promptly on integrated and intensified surveillance and control programs should Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus detected in the province.

Research and Design of Java Timing Processing Method

There are differences among programming languages. In contrast to C/C++ in Linux, standard Java timer has some issues, such as uncontrollable execution order, unpredictable start moment and running duration, when it’s applied to handle dense timing tasks. So it could not be directly used by some military applications with strict requirements on time sequence. In this paper, its root cause is analyzed, and then an improved method based on queue and delay feedback is presented, as well as its implementation flow chart. The test results show that, this method is able to not only ensure the correct execution order, but also reduce the uncontrollable delay. So it could satisfy the time sequence demand of military applications.

Разработка системы управления безопасностью процесса производства макаронных изделий

Introduction. New food safety management systems (FSMS) can contribute to safe production of high quality products that meet the current legal and regulatory standards. The research objective was to develop requirements for a new FSMS, which would make it possible to produce quality pasta made from whole-grain flour and vegetable powders. Study objects and methods. The research featured a whole-grain pasta factory, a technological process of vegetable pasta production, and various elements of FSMS. Results and discussion. The article introduces product description and process flow chart for successful development, implementation, and maintenance of a new FSMS of pasta production. It describes potential physical, chemical, and biological hazards, as well as critical processes. The hazard analysis included probability level and severity of consequences. The study revealed the related unacceptable risks and critical control points, as well as their critical limits. Six critical control points were identified at the stages of kneading, pressing, drying, and stabilization. The paper contains a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) plan with a full description of the controlled parameters, their critical limits, monitoring systems, and corrective actions. Conclusion. The new HACCP-based safety management system reduces the response time and increases the responsibility of personnel. It reduces possible losses in case of failures or returns as it improves the product quality. The developed FSMS gives new market options and increases the loyalty of consumers and business partners. As a result, the company becomes more efficient in achieving its goals.

Modeling and Performance Optimization of Wireless Sensor Network Based on Markov Chain

Wireless sensor networks are usually deployed in areas with relatively harsh natural environments, and the collection node transmits data to the destination node through a multi-hop route. Therefore, how to effectively plan the transmission path is an important issue. This paper combines the unbiased gray model with the Markov chain model to establish an unbiased gray Markov chain model, and points out that the unbiased gray Markov chain model also has shortcomings in parameter selection. The particle swarm algorithm is used to improve it, and the mathematical model, calculation principle and various parameters of the particle swarm optimization algorithm are introduced, and the implementation flow chart of the particle swarm algorithm is given. Aiming at the shortcomings of the unbiased gray Markov chain model, the particle swarm algorithm and the unbiased gray Markov chain model are combined to form the particle swarm unbiased gray Markov chain model. The simulation environment and the training environment of the particle swarm unbiased grey Markov chain model were designed in the experiment. The node scheduling optimization experiment proves that the scheduling method based on the particle swarm unbiased grey Markov chain model has achieved better results in coverage and energy consumption balance than the random and shortest distance method. In the routing experiment, the experimental analysis of the node’s Q value proved the convergence of the algorithm, and compared with other protocols, it proved that the routing algorithm can effectively extend the network life cycle and achieve load balancing.

VALADATING QUALITY SYSTEM FRAMEWORK THROUGH PREIMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURES IN LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES

This paper covers in detail the validation of the designed quality culture framework, implementation flowchart and self-assessment. The validation procedures are based on the findings from literature review, questionnaire survey, and face-to-face interviews. These sources of information were the base for development of the QMS framework, implementation flow chart, and self-assessment questions. By using the self-assessment questions, Libyan companies can evaluate their QMS status, and they can decide which part of the implementation flowchart they start with. The validation of the framework is conducted with foreign manufacturing companies and Libyan quality experts. Through discussions and rework of the designed body of the quality culture framework, the implementation flowchart and the self-assessment, the involved experts agreed to start the implantation of the framework proposed. The final validation processes of the framework will be conducted through six months implementation in five Libyan manufacturing companies. Once the final validation had been conducted, it will be visible if the framework operates in improving the company's QMS status.

Development of algorithm for depreciation costs allocation in dynamic input-output industrial enterprise model

The article considers the issue of allocation of depreciation costs in the dynamic inputoutput model of an industrial enterprise. Accounting the depreciation costs in such a model improves the policy of fixed assets management. It is particularly relevant to develop the algorithm for the allocation of depreciation costs in the construction of dynamic input-output model of an industrial enterprise, since such enterprises have a significant amount of fixed assets. Implementation of terms of the adequacy of such an algorithm itself allows: evaluating the appropriateness of investments in fixed assets, studying the final financial results of an industrial enterprise, depending on management decisions in the depreciation policy. It is necessary to note that the model in question for the enterprise is always degenerate. It is caused by the presence of zero rows in the matrix of capital expenditures by lines of structural elements unable to generate fixed assets (part of the service units, households, corporate consumers). The paper presents the algorithm for the allocation of depreciation costs for the model. This algorithm was developed by the authors and served as the basis for further development of the flowchart for subsequent implementation with use of software. The construction of such algorithm and its use for dynamic input-output models of industrial enterprises is actualized by international acceptance of the effectiveness of the use of input-output models for national and regional economic systems. This is what allows us to consider that the solutions discussed in the article are of interest to economists of various industrial enterprises.

A step-by-step performance assessment and improvement method for ERP implementation: Action case studies in Chinese companies

The implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a complex process, and the failure rate remains very high. The literature has reported over 80 critical success factors for ERP implementation, but companies typically do not know to exploit them. In this article, a step-by-step assessment and improvement method for ERP implementation is proposed and applied in three companies. First, a five-stage ERP implementation model is proposed. Second, about 80 critical success factors (CSFs) from the literature are elaborated into key performance indices (KPIs), which are associated with each stage of ERP implementation by ten local ERP experts. Third, the weights of the KPIs are calculated using the Dumpster–Shafer method and the evaluation of ten experts. During the implementation process, performance is measured at each stage and remedial actions are identified if the performance is below expectation. An implementation flowchart is developed based on a five-stage model and the philosophy of continuous improvement. Three action cases in Chinese manufacturing companies are conducted to illustrate the effects of the assessment model, which is also currently being used by a consulting company specialising in ERP implementation. With further evaluation by local experts, the model has the potential to serve as a guideline for ERP implementation in other countries.

Application of adaptive client concept for the technical diagnoctics computer system

The concept of an adaptive client in the client-server architecture of an automated computer system for identifying the technical condition of industrial facilities was discussed in the paper. The existing solutions of the client-server architectures were considered, their advantages and disadvantages were given. The selection of hardware and software of a test system, meeting the set forth specifications, was justified. The task was to design an algorithm and software implementation of the concept of an adaptive client. The theoretical basis of the client was substantiated, the behavior was described and the operation algorithm flowchart for software implementation was given. The results of the adaptive client with respect to the same operation of “thin” and “thick” clients when making analytical calculations of the different levels of complexity. The conclusion about the feasibility of implementing this concept into the automated computer system of technical diagnostics was made. The advantages of this approach compared with other implementations of the client-server architecture were given.

A new process capability analysis chart approach on the chip resistor quality management

Process capability indices have been extensively used to determine whether the quality characteristics of the product meet the preset targets of the customer in manufacturing industries. However, these existing process capability indices cannot categorically determine improvement priorities for substandard quality characteristics. Besides, process capability indices also cannot effectively identify and measure deficiencies in process capability owing to accuracy, precision, or both. In this study, we combine the process capability index Cpm, minimum individual process capability C0, accuracy A, and precision P to develop a new process capability analysis chart. Managers can apply process capability analysis chart to identify the substandard quality characteristics of the product. Furthermore, if the budget for all substandard quality characteristics improvements is limited, we use the discrimination distance method to measure and determine improvement priorities for substandard quality characteristics. Moreover, we construct an implementation flowchart of the process capability analysis chart to derive the results easily. Finally, an example of a chip resistor is presented to illustrate the applicability of the process capability analysis chart for manufacturing quality management.

Evaluation on State of Charge Estimation of Batteries With Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter by Experiment Approach

An accurate State-of-Charge (SoC) estimation plays a significant role in battery systems used in electric vehicles due to the arduous operation environments and the requirement of ensuring safe and reliable operations of batteries. Among the conventional methods to estimate SoC, the Coulomb counting method is widely used, but its accuracy is limited due to the accumulated error. Another commonly used method is model-based online iterative estimation with the Kalman filters, which improves the estimation accuracy in some extent. To improve the performance of Kalman filters in SoC estimation, the adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF), which employs the covariance matching approach, is applied in this paper. First, we built an implementation flowchart of the AEKF for a general system. Second, we built an online open-circuit voltage (OCV) estimation approach with the AEKF algorithm so that we can then get the SoC estimate by looking up the OCV-SoC table. Third, we proposed a robust online model-based SoC estimation approach with the AEKF algorithm. Finally, an evaluation on the SoC estimation approaches is performed by the experiment approach from the aspects of SoC estimation accuracy and robustness. The results indicate that the proposed online SoC estimation with the AEKF algorithm performs optimally, and for different error initial values, the maximum SoC estimation error is less than 2% with close-loop state estimation characteristics.

Adoption of Parallel Genetic Algorithms for the Solution of System of Equations

Analysis and understanding of physical systems require modeling the system as set of simultaneous linear/non linear equations and generating solutions to satisfy the system of equations. Analytical approach towards solving the system of equations remains practical so long as considerable constraints are imposed on the modeled system to bring in significant simplicity so as to retain the system model within the scope of defined algorithms for solving system of equations. The current work adopts the concept of genetic algorithm towards evolving a solution to a system of equations. The fundamental strength of genetic algorithms lies in the fact the solution generation is practically unconstrained permitting the methodology to become the superset for all possible realizable problems. One of the oft repeated and highlighted / drawbacks of genetic algorithm i.e. requirements of huge initial population and corresponding extended number of computations and hence time is addressed by exploiting multi-processing capabilities of the current generation hardware as well as system software. Adopted strategy for selecting the best population, implementation flow chart along with a case study is presented..

A 3G Video Phone Solution for Reducing the Delay of Video Data

This paper analyzes there are some limitations of video data sending for current 3G video phone. A 3G video phone solution for reducing the delay of video data is proposed. The solution proposed in this work mainly consists of software components, according to which hardware needs to be selected. It also gives the video phone terminal structure, block diagram for H.324M video phone terminal, the main software functional blocks and the implementation flow chart of each module. The delay of video data is significantly reduced by adding video phone setting module and I/P frames sending and management module. As well as by the use of software enabling video encoder to dynamically send I frame of the algorithm according to current network status.

Study on Modeling of Digital Machining Process and its Condition Monitoring & Diagnosis Method

Based on a cutting dynamics model, a new digital machining process model that integrates workpiece quality and machining condition information is proposed, and the mapping relationship between machine tool structural dynamics and product quality information (e.g., dimension error, surface shape) is analyzed in detail. On the basis of the digital machining process model, the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis method of the machining process is investigated, and an implementation flowchart of the method is proposed with explanations of critical techniques. Finally, the proposed model is applied to the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the machining process of a CNC end milling machine. The damage of its spindle bearing is detected successfully, which provides the proof for the root cause identification of machining error in the digital machining process.

Study on sub-cycling algorithm for flexible multi-body system—integral theory and implementation flow chart

A sub-cycling integration algorithm (or named multi-time-steps integration algorithm), which has been successfully applied to FEM dynamical analysis, was firstly presented by Belytschko et al. (Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 17/18:259–275, 1979). However, the problem of how to apply this type of algorithm to flexible multi-body dynamics (FMD) problems still lacks investigation up to now. Similar to the region-partitioning method used in FEM, this paper presents a central-difference-based sub-cycling integral method by decomposing the variables of an FMD equation into several groups and adopting different integral step sizes to each group of the variables. Based on the condensed form of an FMD equation, a group of common update formulae and a sub-step update formula, which constitute the sub-cycling together, are established in the paper. Furthermore, an implementation flowchart of the sub-cycling is presented. Stability of the sub-cycling will be analyzed and numerical examples will be performed to verify availability and precision of the sub-cycling in part II of the paper.

Rheological Model for Cyclic Loading of Concrete

A rheological stochastic model to predict the cyclic stress‐strain behavior of concrete subjected to uniaxial compressive loading is proposed. The model consists of rheological elements with random state variables with exponential distributions. The model has 3 parameters and can be calibrated by experimental data from only the monotonically increasing loading. It simulates well the main known characteristics of concrete response to cyclic loading, such as strain softening, path dependency, stiffness degradation, and the concept of envelope curve. The formulation is of the total strain type and all formulas are derived in closed form. The model is computationally efficient for predicting response to any arbitrary strain history. A flow chart for computer implementation is presented.

A Cluster Based V.A.I. Method for Distribution Load Forecasting

A new method of extrapolating load growth for distribution planning is described. The method combines two previously used methods of extrapolation in a manner in which each reinforces the other. Tests reveal the new method to be more accurate and dependable than other extrapolation procedures. The technique is described, including a flowchart for computer implementation.