Flora Of Vietnam Research Articles

Aspidistra pentagona (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae), a new species from northern Vietnam

This paper continues the publication of Aspidistra species newly discovered in the flora of Vietnam. It includes an illustrated description of A. pentagona, found in the northern part of the country. Detailed analytical color illustrations, data on morphology and ecology, phenology, tentative relationships, distribution and expected conservation status are provided for the discovered species.

Novelties in Aspidistra (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) with erect stems in the flora of Vietnam: A. quanii, a new species, and A. erecta, a new national record

The paper reports two species of Aspidistra newly discovered in the flora of Vietnam. It includes a description of A. quanii, a species new to science found in the central part of the country and information on four locations of A. erecta in northern Vietnam, a species known earlier only in southern China. The studied species are remarkable for having elongate, more or less erect stems. For both species, detailed analytical colour illustrations, data on morphology, ecology, phenology, tentative relationships, distribution, and provisional conservation status are provided. Additionally, we provide new data on shoot system of A. globosa, a species morphologically close to A. quanii.

Checklist of the genus Ridsdalea (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae) in Vietnam with description of the new species R.backanensis.

The paper provides an identification key and an annotated list of all six species of the genus Ridsdalea J.T.Pereira & K.M.Wong (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae) recorded in the flora of Vietnam, along with data on their valid names, synonyms, types, and distribution. A new species, R.backanensis, discovered in the limestone area of Bac Kan Province (northern Vietnam), is described and illustrated. Detailed data on its characters, ecology, distribution, phenology, preliminary IUCN conservation status, and taxonomical notes are given. The newly discovered species is potentially interesting for cultivation as an ornamental tree that may be effectively used in garden and urban green architecture.

NEW RECORD OF <i>CAMELLIA</i> SECT. <i>CAMELLIA</i> (THEACEAE) FOR THE FLORA OF VIETNAM

This study provides color illustrations and describes the morphological characteristics and distribution of Camellia pitardii and Camellia mairei var. lapidea, species formerly considered endemic to China but recently discovered and recorded in the flora of Vietnam.

The checklist of Raphiocarpus species (Gesneriaceae, Didymocarpinae) in the flora of Vietnam with the description of a new species, R. bicallosus

The paper presents an annotated checklist of the genus Raphiocarpus (Gesneriaceae) in the flora of Vietnam with a key for identification of all 13 species hitherto recorded in the country, including newly described species. The data for each species include the accepted name, synonyms, citations of relevant regional literature, typification, information on distribution, ecology, and phenology, conservation status, as well as a list of studied specimens and taxonomic notes. Lectotypes for Raphiocarpus asper and R. evrardii are designated. A new species, Raphiocarpus bicallosus, is described here from Xuan Lien Nature Reserve, Thanh Hoa Province, N Vietnam. It is most similar to R. tamdaoensis, but differs in having distinct prophylls, a 3–5-flowered inflorescence, a dark purple-brown corolla limb, the presence of 1 staminode and 2 hairy bosses inside the tube, as well as a glabrous ovary and capsule 5–6 cm long.

The review of Bulbophyllum section Tripudianthes (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam with the description of new species, B. viridipallidum

The paper provides a short annotated taxonomic review of Bulbopyllum sect. Tripudianthes from the flora of Vietnam along with a species-level key for identification. The section in Vietnam includes five species, one of which is a new species for science and described under the name, B. viridipallidum. The new species was found recently from Kon Tum Province of southern Vietnam. It is similar to B. kanburiense, B. khaoyaiense, and B. wallichii, but clearly differs by having pale greenish lateral sepals and two rounded calli at the lip base fused distally into a single prominent longitudinal keel; this is inflated at the lip apex into prominent half ovoid callus. In addition, we confirm the occurrence of B. wallichii in the flora of Vietnam. The taxonomic description, data on distribution, ecology, phenology, proposed conservation status, taxonomic notes, and the comparison of the new species with morphologically similar species are reported.

Taxonomical characteristics of Dysoxylum Blume in Vietnam

Genus Dysoxylum Blume in Vietnam, the Dysoxylum has 15 species, can be found in primary and secondary forests. All species are trees, some are large trees, with very diverse morphological characteristics; they play an important role in forest ecosystems where they are present and are used for many purposes: for timber, in medicine, 2 species are cultivated, 3 species are threatened with extinction. In this acticle, we described characteristic of genus Dysoxylum in Vietnam, added summary informations about distribution, habitat, ecology and use of genus Dysoxylum Blume in Vietnam, and propose to establish classification key to the 15 species belong to Dysoxylum in flora of Vietnam.

Two new species, Begonia minhaniae and B. dieuanhiae (sect. Platycentrum, Begoniaceae), from northwestern Vietnam

Two novel species in Begonia sect. Platycentrum from northwestern Vietnam, B. minhaniae and B. dieuanhiae, are described and illustrated. Both species superficially resemble B. phouchomvoyensis in their rhizomatous habit, plain green ovary and leaves, 4-tepaled staminate flowers and 3-locular ovaries, but they can be clearly distinguished from the latter by several morphological characters such as morphology of vestiture, fewer anthers (those of B. minhaniae are ca. 15 vs. ca. 45 in B. phouchomvoyensis) and more tepals of pistillate flower (5 tepals in B. dieuanhiae vs. 3 tepals in B. phouchomvoyensis). These two novel discoveries highlight the growing body of research showing the rich and varied biodiversity of Begonia in the flora of Vietnam.

HULLETTIA King ex Hook. f. (Moraceae), A newly recorded genus to the Flora of Vietnam, with its lectotypification and a revised key to Vietnamese Moraceae

Hullettia King ex Hook. f. (Moraceae) is newly recorded to the flora of Vietnam. A specimen discovered in the lowland secondary evergreen forest of Song Hinh protection forest, Phu Yen province, central Vietnam was identified as Hullettia dumosa King ex Hook. f. It was earlier known from peninsular Myanmar, peninsular Thailand, peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and Sumatra. Type material of this species is analyzed, and lectotype is designated (Scortechini s.n., K: K000898664). Photographic illustrations of studied specimens are provided. A key to the Vietnamese genera of Moraceae is presented.

Aristolochia versicolor S.M. Hwang (Aristolochiaceae), a new record for the flora of Vietnam

Aristolochia versicolor S.M. Hwang (Aristolochia subg. Siphisia), a medicinal plant, which was previously known from southern China and north-eastern Thailand, is reported herein as a new record for the flora of Vietnam. Detailed descriptions, colour illustrations, type specimen, habitat and phenology, distribution, conservation status, and morphological comparison with A. westlandii are also provided.

Novelties in Vietnamese Craibiodendron, Lyonia and Vaccinium (Ericaceae)

The paper summarizes the knowledge on three Vietnamese species of Ericaceae. Craibiodendron yunnanense is newly documented for the flora of Vietnam. The presence of Lyonia villosa in the country is confirmed by specimen citation. We publish a new combination, Vaccinium glaucorubrum, to accommodate the taxon earlier known as Vaccinium gaultheriifolium var. glaucorubrum at species rank. We provide a detailed morphological description of V. glaucorubrum and revise the geographical distribution of this species. We review type material of V. glaucorubrum and designate the specimen at KUN (1208884) as a lectotype. We illustrate all three species with analytical photographs of the plants in the living state.

Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record

The paper presents a taxonomic review of Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos for the flora of Vietnam and provides the key for its species’ identification. A new species, B. truongtamii and a new variety, B. taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum are described for science. Bulbophyllum nodosum is reported for the first time from the country. Bulbophyllum strigosum, described 20 years ago based on cultivated plant of uncertain origin was rediscovered in NE Vietnam. For this species, location and detailed description are reported. Analytical photos, data on phenology, ecology, and distribution are presented for all studied species. The morphological comparison table of the new species, new variety and newly recorded species segregating them from similar species are presented.

\(\textit{Nervilia kasiensis}\) (Orchidaceae), a new record for the flora of Vietnam

Nervilia kasiensis is reported here as a new record for the flora of Vietnam. It is illustrated with detailed photographs made in the field. A key for the identification of all species of Nervilia genus known in Vietnam is presented.

Two new species, Aspidistra liliiflora and A. sessilistigma (Asparagaceae, Convallariaceae s. str.) from Vietnam

This paper continues the publication of Aspidistra species newly discovered in the flora of Vietnam. It includes illustrated diagnosis of two species new to science, A. liliiflora and A. sessilistigma found in northern and central parts of the country. Detailed analytical color illustrations, data on morphology, ecology, phenology, tentative relationships and distribution are provided for both discovered species.

New and noteworthy species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Vietnam and Laos

The paper provides additions to the known diversity of Begonia in Vietnam and Laos. One species new to science from Lao PDR (B. vivipara) and three new species from Vietnam (B. aspersa, B. gracilifolia, B. maculifolia) are described. Three species (B. rotundilimba, B. versicolor, B. wenshanensis) are reported as new records for the flora of Vietnam. For each species, the information on ecology, phenology, estimated conservation status and distribution is presented, as well as the relevant taxonomic notes and analytical photographic illustrations.

Studies of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) in eastern Indochina Ⅳ. New species in the flora of Laos and Vietnam

The paper provides a short review of Bulbophyllum species recorded in Laos and Vietnam during the two last decades and continues the publication of results of our successive studies of the genus in this area. It presents data on two new species for science discovered in Laos (Bulbophyllum pachypodum) and Vietnam (B. neglectipetalum), one lesser known species for the flora of Laos (B. microtepalum), two new records for the flora of Vietnam (B. echinulus, B. setilabium), and new illustrated data on B. secundum insufficiently known in the flora of Vietnam. Bulbophyllum fascinator earlier accepted in specific rank reduced into the synonymy of B. putidum on the base of studies of newly obtained materials. Taking into consideration the new data presented in this paper, the flora of Laos presently includes 85, and flora of Vietnam 151 Bulbophyllum species, excluding Monomeria, Trias, and Sunipia. It is the largest genus in the orchid floras of both countries.

Spatholobus discolor, a new synonym of Craspedolobium unijugum (Fabaceae)

Craspedolobium schochii Harms was described in 1921 and has thin woody, flat, dehiscent pods with a narrow wing on the upper suture, which are quite different from those of other genera within the same tribe Millettieae (Fabaeceae), but its flowering materials from Laos and Thailand were described respectively as Millettia unijuga Gagnep. in 1913 and as Pueraria rigens Craib in 1927. Due to the priority of the Shenzhen Code, its correct name was accepted as Craspedolobium unijugum (Gagnep.) Z. Wei & Pedley as recently as 2010. The results of critical examination of specimens, literature and living plants in the wild showed that Spatholobus discolor C. F. Wei, a species described on the basis of one flowering collection from China, is also conspecific with C. unijugum. We therefore reduce S. discolor to the synonymy of C. unijugum herein. Additionally, we designated the second-step lectotype of the name C. schochii, and further found that Craspedolobium is a new genus record for the flora of Vietnam.

Habenaria diphylla (Nimmo) Dalzell (Orchidaceae), new record for the flora of Vietnam

Habenaria diphylla (Nimmo) Dalzell is reported for the first time as a new discovery for the flora of Vietnam based on the specimens collected in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province. The present study provided the detailed characteristics of the species including detailed photographs of the morphological characteristics, the cross section of the leaf, inflorescence axis and root. Furthermore, the information about the species, including distribution, habitat, ecology and conservation status were also provided.

Temperature and historical land connectivity jointly shape the floristic relationship between Hainan Island and the neighbouring landmasses

Present-day biodiversity in insular biota results from the interplay among geographical barriers, environmental filtering, and historical biogeography, but how these factors interact on insular biodiversity patterns is poorly understood. Here, we analysed the geographical patterns of beta diversity of seed plants between Hainan Island and the neighbouring landmasses in relation to space and the environmental factors to assess the relative effects of historical processes and ecological gradients on community assembly. We assessed beta diversity patterns by quantifying the turnover and nestedness components and used clustering and ordination to investigate the relationships between local floras from Hainan and the neighbouring landmasses. Utilising simple linear regression and linear mixed effect models, we evaluated the importance of historical processes and environmental gradients in shaping these beta diversity patterns. Our results show that the contributions of nestedness and turnover components to the total beta diversity vary across space. The flora of Hainan predominantly nests with the flora of Vietnam but shows larger species turnover with Guangdong, Guangxi, and Taiwan. Clustering and ordination analyses indicate that Hainan is first merged with Vietnam, after which it is grouped with mainland China and finally with Taiwan and the Philippines. The results of the linear mixed effect models consistently reveal that temperature, followed by the historical land connectivity, has the most important role in shaping the floristic dissimilarity. We conclude that the flora of Hainan is of continental origin and has the highest floristic affinity with Vietnam. The periodic emergence of a land bridge during Quaternary glacial cycles determines the origin of Hainan's flora, and temperature shapes the floristic dissimilarities via environmental filtering. Our study highlights the critical roles of historical sea level change and current environmental limitation in structuring the plant communities on Southeast Asian islands.

New species of Aspidistra (Convallariaceae s.s.) in the flora of Vietnam

This paper continues the publication of Aspidistra species newly discovered and reported in the flora of Vietnam. It includes illustrated diagnosis of one species new for science, A. angustata Aver., K.S. Nguyen & Tillich and notes on two species, A. chunxiuensis C.R. Lin & Yan Liu, and A. guangxiensis S.C. Tang & Yan Liu newly recorded in the country. Color illustrations, new or updated data on morphology, ecology, phenology, tentative relationships, distribution and conservation status are provided for all three taxa.