Floor Of Mouth Mucosa Research Articles

Modified Marionette Technique for Unassisted In-Office Access to the Submandibular Duct.

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Ultrastructural Changes in Oral Mucosa After Topical Application of Nicotine

The potential health risks involved with the use of smokeless tobacco have been well documented. This habit involves the placement of tobacco containing 0.2-8.0% nicotine directly on the oral mucosa. It is possible that such levels of nicotine may have a directly injurious effect; we have examined this using pig oral mucosa, which has a similar oral mucosa to that of man.Biopsies of porcine attached gingiva, buccal (B) and floor of mouth mucosa (FM) were incubated with either 2% or 6% nicotine in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) placed on the epithelial surface at 37°C for 1 or 2 hours. Controls were incubated with PBS at the same pH (7.5%) and osmolarity (450 milliosmoles) as the nicotine solution. The biopsies were prefixed in 2% paraformaldehyde, 2.5% glutaraldehyde, washed with cacodylate buffer, post fixed with 1% solution of osmium tetroxide in cacodylate buffer, dehydrated in graded alcohols, infiltrated, embedded and polymerized in Spurrs epoxy resin. Thin sections were prepared from all specimens and examined in the transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Enhanced penetration of nitrosonornicotine across oral mucosa in the presence of ethanol.

There is evidence for synergy between tobacco and alcohol in the etiology of oral cancer but the reason for such an effect is unclear. One possible explanation is that alcohol enhances the penetration of carcinogens through the oral lining. We measured the permeability in vitro of three regions of porcine oral mucosa to the tobacco associated carcinogen, nitrosonornicotine (NNN) alone and in the presence of 5% or 50% ethanol. 50% ethanol did not significantly alter the permeability of oral mucosa to NNN except for buccal mucosa, where it was reduced. However, there was a significant increase in the permeability of gingiva and floor of mouth mucosa (but not buccal mucosa) in the presence of 5% ethanol; this increase occurred after far shorter exposures for floor of mouth than for gingiva. These results accord well with studies showing that the floor of mouth is a "high risk area" for oral carcinoma and that there is an increased relative risk of oral cancer for heavy smokers and drinkers and, in particular, for those individuals who consume beverages with a low alcohol content.

Biochemistry of glycosaminoglycans in the skin and oral mucosa of the rat

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were extracted by digestion with papain followed by ultrafiltration and separated by cellulose-acetate electrophoresis and by chromatography of their cetyl-pyridinium complexes on cellulose microcolumns. The uronic-acid content of the tissues ranged from 0.8 to 2.4 mg/g of dry defatted tissue. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulphate were found in all tissues with chondroitin-4-sulphate also in skin, palatal mucosa and gingiva. There was 3-fold more hyaluronic acid in palatal mucosa than in any other tissue; it was concentrated in the antemolar rugae. A substance of presumptive salivary origin staining with alcian blue was found in cheek and floor of mouth mucosa. It migrated differently from reference GAG by electrophoresis and was not degraded by testicular hyaluronidase.