Flipped Teaching Method Research Articles

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of MOOC-based Flipped Learning in College Mental Health Curriculum

Background and Aim: The flipped classroom redefines psychological health education by using technology for independent study before class and engaging in interactive and applied learning activities in class. Thus, two research objectives were proposed: (1) To compare the difference in the effectiveness of the new MOOC-based flipped learning on students' learning outcomes compared to traditional teaching in undergraduates’ mental health curriculum. (2) To explore students' attitudes to new MOOC-based flipped teaching methods. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a pretest and posttest trial. The sample was 60 freshmen from two Sichuan University classes allocated to two groups using purposive samplings: group 1 for traditional learning, and group 2 for flipped learning. The performance test and semi-structured interview were employed in this study as research instruments. Both groups' pretest and posttest scores were obtained for learning outcome comparison. The students' attitudes to the new teaching methods were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Results: The mean pretest and posttest scores in group 1 were 58.87 and 82.17 respectively, while in group 2, they were 58.67 and 86.53 respectively. The mean improvement in knowledge score was significantly higher in group 2 (M=27.87, SD=3.14) compared to group 1 (M=23.30, SD=1.69). The level of statistical significance was P < .001. The results of the semi-structured interviews indicated that almost all participants had very positive opinions regarding flipped learning based on MOOCs. Conclusion: The research demonstrates that MOOC-based flipped learning increases the student learning effectiveness to obtain better score performance and make it worth promoting.

Exploring educational transformations through the Innovative Flipped Learning Instruction Project Symposium.

The flipped classroom is an innovative pedagogy that shifts content delivery outside the classroom, utilizing in-class time for interactive learning. The preclass and in-class activities in this framework encourage individualized learning and collaborative problem-solving among students, fostering engagement. The Innovative Flipped Learning Instruction Project (IFLIP) conducted faculty development workshops over 4 years, guiding science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) faculty in integrating flipped teaching (FT) into their courses. The research aimed to assess its impact on pedagogical practices, explore its effectiveness, and provide a framework to implement FT across multiple institutions. It sought to evaluate the experiences of these educators throughout the transitional period of instructional change. In the fourth year of this project, a symposium was organized for IFLIP participants to share their experiences and findings concerning FT. This symposium helped promote collaboration among IFLIP participants and faculty interested in FT to disseminate participants' knowledge and experiences in implementing FT strategies. A survey conducted at the end of the symposium indicated that faculty participants with FT experience continued to embrace this pedagogy, and the new adopters expressed intentions to incorporate it into their courses. The survey revealed positive responses: 93% of respondents plan to integrate FT methods in future classes, 90% gained new information from the symposium and intend to implement it, and 91% are likely to recommend FT to colleagues. Ultimately, the symposium underscored the transformative impact of FT in empowering educators to deepen students' conceptual understanding, emphasizing the significance of this pedagogical approach in advancing the quality of education.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Flipped pedagogy shifts content delivery outside the classroom, emphasizing interactive learning during in-class time. The Innovative Flipped Learning Instruction Project (IFLIP) guided science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) faculty in integrating flipped teaching (FT), tracked experiences during this transition, and provided a framework for FT implementation. A fourth-year symposium fostered collaboration, revealing sustained enthusiasm for FT. The symposium underscored its transformative impact on deepening students' understanding, highlighting its significance in enhancing education quality.

Research on applying flipped classroom and digital learning to high school programming courses

The objective of this study is to investigate how flipped classrooms affect education in high school programs. Although many studies have pointed out that flipped teaching can improve the learning experience and can evaluate learning effectiveness through classroom activities, it may also make it difficult for teachers to grasp students' learning status and behavior, and flipped teaching is used in high school programming course recognition and satisfaction Empirical research is somewhat lacking. Accordingly, this research applies the flipped teaching method to high school programming courses and gathers data on students who watch instructional videos. Through research data analysis, it is found that 51% to 93% of students will actively watch the designated instructional videos before class, and some students will repeat Watch the video (1.3 to 1.8 times), and most students will watch it again during the group project design. In addition, most students have the habit of adjusting the video speed to self-regulate their learning (1.4 to 1.5 times). The questionnaire results indicate that most students prefer the flipped classroom learning method (3.48 to 4.01 points). Through this study, we understand the students' mode of digital learning in programming courses, and we know that flipped classrooms can improve the learning satisfaction of programming courses.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of the Flipped Teaching Method on Students' Physical Education Learning

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of the Flipped Teaching Method on Students' Physical Education Learning

Research of Flipped Teaching to MICE Students’ Learning Interests and Learning Effectiveness

The integration of information into teaching through methods such as e-classrooms, interactive whiteboards, and the widespread adoption of “e-textbooks” provided by publishers has equipped educators with dynamic and engaging instructional models. This is progressively becoming the norm in the educational landscape. Recently, flipped teaching methods have received significant attention. By providing online resources and multimedia materials for students to review before class, teachers can allocate more classroom time to facilitating discussions about the lesson. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted using flipped teaching in an educational setting that focused on training students for exhibitions. The objective was to evaluate the influence of flipped teaching on students’ interest in learning and overall academic effectiveness. According to the experimental findings, the group taught using flipped teaching methods outperformed the traditionally taught control group in terms of learning interest. This demonstrates that flipped teaching has the potential to stimulate student interest. Furthermore, the group that was taught through flipped teaching demonstrated superior learning effectiveness compared to the traditional teaching group, indicating that flipped teaching can enhance academic outcomes. These research results can serve as a valuable reference for future enhancements in teaching. The goal is to create a more relaxed and autonomous learning environment for students by replacing traditional textbook learning with information technology-integrated teaching.

Flipped Classroom for Undergraduate Medical Students in India: Are we ready for it?

The teaching-learning environment has undergone a paradigm shift with the recent implementation of a Competency-Based Medical Curriculum in India. Despite this, the concept of flipped classrooms for medical students is still in its infancy in our country. We conducted an experimental randomized crossover study to find if a flipped teaching model improves learning for first-year medical undergraduate students. Students' perceptions of this novel method were also obtained and analyzed. In the first period (first part of the study), one group of students underwent the Flipped Model Teaching (Flipped Teaching Group), and the second group (Traditional Teaching Group) was taught by the conventional method. A crossover was done with a second topic in the second period. A written test was conducted at the end of each period. Student feedback was also obtained. There was no statistically significant difference in students' performance on comparing traditional and flipped teaching methods. Reasons for this could be the level of the learner, prior exposure to active learning strategies, learner readiness/motivation for active learning, and timing of the study. Out of the participants 80% of students preferred the flipped model classroom teaching, especially the interactive discussion, and expressed their desire for more frequent similar learning activities. We conclude that there was no difference in marks obtained by students in the two groups, yet they preferred the flipped classroom method, which indicates that it is feasible to adopt this method in the Indian medical undergraduate classroom.

Evaluation of a fully online flipped teaching course

Objectives The purposes of this study were to examine university students’ perceptions and perceived effects of online flipped teaching, and to explore the relationships between flipped classroom activities and student learning.
 Methods A total of 58 students received online flipped instruction. A questionnaire was administered measuring students’ perceptions and perceived effects of online flipped teaching method in general. In order to examine the relationships between flipped classroom activities and student learning, the correlation analysis between students’ video viewing rate, discussion board scores, and student learning outcomes were also conducted.
 Results The survey results suggest that the majority of students expressed a positive attitude towards the online flipped classroom after the course. High percentage of students reported that they enjoyed watching lessons on video and made full use of lecture videos to increase their understanding. Moreover, the online flipped model was perceived to increase communication among peers. Correlation analysis results indicate that both lecture video viewing and discussion board performance were significantly related to positive learning outcomes to some extent.
 Conclusions Overall, students appreciated the online flipped method, particularly for the increased engagement with peers and flexibility to learn at their own pace, which enriched the overall learning experience. Two instructional methods used in the online flipped classroom (having students watch pre-recorded lecture videos and participate in the discussion board) were found to be significant contributor of student learning.

Japanese Flipped Classroom Knowledge Acquisition Based on Canvas Web-Based Learning Management System

INTRODUCTION: Since 2010, flipped classrooms and Canvas-based online learning spaces have been widely recognized by colleges and universities, changing the traditional Chinese learning space.
 OBJECTIVES: To ensure that students learn effectively, learning management systems must be applied. The issue of integrating classroom space and electronic learning management systems gives students the freedom and flexibility to manage their time after school.
 METHODS: In this study, Japanese language skills were learned through questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations, and two students with similar disciplines and conditions were selected from the experimental and control categories for a learning reform experiment during the semester's learning cycle.
 RESULTS: By comparing the characteristics and effectiveness of the experimental and tutorial courses, an appropriate Japanese language course was designed and developed, and some constructive suggestions were made for the application of the Canvas network to Japanese language courses.
 CONCLUSION: The use of flipped teaching methods and structured e-learning methods in the education of basic Japanese language majors can improve students' academic performance and sense of cooperation.

The Comparison of Flipped Teaching Method Versus Teacher-Centered in Improving Students' Writing

This research aimed to investigate flipped versus teacher-centered methods to improve students' writing and to test the teaching method in ten grades of senior high school in Genggong, Indonesia. This method was quantitative, which was an experimental research design. A sample of fifty students was used to assess the effectiveness of these teaching methods for developing students' writing descriptive text. Our findings confirmed a significant difference before and after being taught using flipped versus teacher-centered methods in descriptive writing.

Online flipped learning methods for teaching hospitality skills and management practices in an epidemic situation: A study on learning attitude and effectiveness.

Starting in 2019, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has lasted 3 years and will likely continue to affect the lives of people all over the world. According to a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) survey, more than 91% of students from all over the world have been affected by the spread of COVID-19. The application of technological networks can help solve problems related to being unable to attend school in person, as online teaching can effectively help reduce learning loss in the short term. In Taiwan, the higher education system has been using online learning, but now faces a new and huge crisis, as some courses do not readily translate to this setting. In professional courses run by hospitality departments, it is essentially impossible to accurately convey the practical skills required, for example, aspects of color, aroma, and taste through online teaching. Moreover, the learning level of each student varies greatly. During the online teaching process, instructors teach professional skills and movements through a single teaching video, which may not meet the needs of all students. In response, this study explores using the flipped teaching method, to not only enable students to master and control their learning and effectively adjust their self- adaptive learning progress but also to help teachers solve problems and impart professional skills using a two-way, interactive, online teaching method. This approach, flipping a class in an online learning environment, could effectively make up for the one-way teaching sometimes created by video content, and address the problem of gaps in learning professional practical skills. It can also induce students with poor learning attitudes to actively participate in learning. This study involved 55 bachelor students from a university of science and technology in Taiwan. The research results are as follows: (1) Students who participated in the flipped teaching mode, which involved two-way interaction showed better professional understanding of the course and improved willingness to learn, thereby improving the learning effect. (2) Awareness of these poor practical catering professional skills in students, assisted in laying the professional foundation for students to gradually improve their learning attitude and their advanced skills. This indicates that students with poor academic performance in an online environment might benefit from two-way interactive teaching. Teachers should clarify detailed descriptions of professional practical actions that confuse students. (3) In flipped learning, the grouping of "game/toy-based e-learning" can not only improve the performance of students who actively study to achieve good grades but also help and motivate other students to learn together. These results indicate that in flipped classrooms that use an online learning environment, the active learning and learning attitudes of students were positive and that their interest in learning and learning efficiency was also significantly improved. At the same time, this approach stimulated the innovation, creativity, and creative development of students in using professional technology in the hospitality industry. It transformed the passive learning situation of online one-way teaching into an active two-way teaching environment.

Flipped classrooms in teaching pharmacology for medical undergraduate students – A comparative study

Background: The new competency-based medical education curriculum envisages the need to adopt newer teaching-learning methods. There is a growing concern about the effective dissemination of knowledge to a large group of students through conventional didactic lectures. Flipped classroom teaching has evolved as an innovative method and is a systematic approach to improving the student learning experience. Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken (1) to compare the effectiveness of flipped classroom methods with that of the lecture as a teaching learning method in pharmacology for undergraduate medical students and (2) evaluate the students’ perception of the flipped method. Materials and Methods: This study was done in the Department of Pharmacology in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kerala after ethics committee approval. Two groups of students enrolled using the convenient sampling method, received three flipped classes and three lectures on the topics after crossover. Feedback was collected using a validated structured questionnaire and a common evaluation after each topic was done with a pre-validated multiple choice questions questionnaire. Results: This study has examined the perceptions of students about flipped teaching method using various teaching materials on a Likert 5-point scale. The findings indicate that flipped classroom was a better teaching method. The mean scores of flipped classrooms were high and it was found to be significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that flipped classroom is more effective for students when compared to lectures. An implication of this is the possibility that it can be used as an adjunctive method in the new curriculum.

Applying the Flipped Teaching Method in Group Piano Lessons to the First-Year Dance-Studies Undergraduate Students

Applying the Flipped Teaching Method in Group Piano Lessons to the First-Year Dance-Studies Undergraduate Students

The Impact of the Argumentation- Flipped Learning Model on the Achievements and Scientific Process Skills of Students

The current study determined the impact of the Argumentation-Flipped Learning (AFL) Model on the scientific process skills and academic achievement of students by performing a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest and retention control group design. The data were collected by scientific process skills test and concept test from a total of 112 5th grade students randomly selected from a public school in the 2017-2018 academic year. In the curriculum, Experimental group-I and Experimental group-II students were taught the lesson by argumentation-flipped learning model and Flipped Teaching Method (FTM), respectively. The lessons in the control group were taught by the method where the teacher was the narrator. The information and the activities in the curriculum were presented directly. The study was applied in the “Matter and Change” unit. The data of the study were collected by scientific process skills and academic achievement test. SPSS 22.0 package program was used to analyze the data obtained from the study. Shapiro-Wilk Distribution Test and descriptive statistics were used to determine whether the data showed normal distribution. Furthermore, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used. According to the study’s results, it was determined that the methods applied to the groups did not make a significant difference in the levels of scientific process or in student’s academic success.

IMPACT OF CRITICAL THINKING INSTRUCTION THROUGH FLIPPED TEACHING ON IRANIAN EFL LEARNERS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION

The present study investigated the effects of critical thinking instructions through a flipped teaching method on English Language learners’ listening comprehension. The sample consisted of 80 Iranian intermediate English language learners that were divided into two experimental and two control groups. The two experimental groups that experienced flipped classrooms were given listening materials before the start of the class. Then cooperative learning took place in a face-to-face learning environment. The two control groups were taught in conventional language classrooms. Besides, one class from each group received instructions during the treatment phase on critical thinking. The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) was used to collect listening comprehension data on pretest and posttest. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 was used to run statistical analysis and t-tests on the data. The results of the study revealed that the flipped approach was more effective when language learners were given instructions on critical thinking. Language teachers can benefit from critical thinking instruction in flipped teaching to enhance the learners’ listening comprehension ability by activating higher-order mental capacities such as critical thinking.

Trends in approaches to teaching: Flipped learning

In language learning, educational researchers often mention English skills such as speaking, reading, and writing. However, there are still barriers to learning non-native languages for students. Flipped teaching is a relatively new teaching method in English teaching that changes the order of lectures and homework in the classroom, supplementing it with additional teaching resources in addition to simple classroom instruction.Differentiated teaching in English teaching brings flexibility to the flipped classroom teaching method, which requires the teaching ability of excellent teachers and the popularization of technology to achieve. It is not easy for families with different financial conditions to have multiple learning devices. After the teaching technology is satisfied, the flipped teaching method in English teaching needs to be widely implemented. Therefore, considering the advantages and disadvantages of the flipped teaching method, teachers should integrate various teaching methods to provide different content and different types of English knowledge in a targeted manner to achieve efficient and happy learning results for students.

Virtual flipped teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced teaching to be shifted to an online platform. Since the flipped teaching (FT) model has been shown to engage students through active learning strategies and adapt both synchronous and asynchronous components, it was a convenient choice for educators familiar with this instructional method. This study tested the effectiveness of a virtual FT method during the pandemic in a graduate-level physiology course. Besides assessing knowledge gained in the virtual FT format, student surveys were used to measure student perception of their adjustment to the new FT format, their confidence in completing the course successfully, and the usefulness of assessments and assignments in the remote FT. Students reported that they adjusted well to the remote FT method (P < 0.001), and their confidence in completing the course in this teaching mode successfully improved from the beginning to the end of the semester (P < 0.05). Students expressed a positive response to the synchronous computerized exams (90.32%) and the formative group (93.51%) and individual (80.65%) assessments. Both collaborative activities (93.55%) and in-class discussions (96.77%) were found to be effective. The course evaluations and the overall semester scores were comparable to the previous semesters of face-to-face FT. Overall, students’ perceptions and performance suggested that they embraced the virtual FT method and the tested teaching method maintained the same strong outcome as before. Thus, this study presents a promising new instructional method in the teaching of future physiology courses.

Comparison of the effectiveness of flipped classroom and traditional teaching method on the components of self-determination and class perception among University students.

Introduction: The flipped classroom instruction can be an opportunity to make educational changes in class contents, which means this model can be a way to rethink learning and the educational process. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of flipped classroom and traditional teaching methods on the components of self-determination and the class perception among university students.Methods: This is an experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The study population comprised of all female students of Farhangian University in Ahvaz city in the academic year 2019. The sample consisted of 36 students selected by convenience sampling. We randomly divided the participants into experimental (n=18) and control (n=18) groups. The research instruments included the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and the Class Perception Questionnaire. The experimental group received the flipped teaching program during six 120-minute sessions once a week; however, the control group received the traditional teaching method. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics, such as mean, standard deviation, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the flipped classroom and traditional teaching (p< 0.05) on the components of self-determination and the class perception among university students.Conclusion: According to the results, the flipped teaching method had greater impacts on the components of self-determination and class perception in university students, compared to the traditional method.

Influences of Flipped Teaching in Electronics Courses on Students' Learning Effectiveness and Strategies.

The potential influence of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the status of school education and further accelerated the revolution of regular teaching method. This study compared the learning effectiveness and learning strategies of vocational high school students in flipped teaching and traditional teaching modes. By adopting flipped teaching on an electronics course throughout the entire academic year, this study aimed to explore the effect of learning strategies of the students under flipped teaching. The subjects of this study were 85 sophomore students majoring in Electrical Engineering. This study randomly selected one class as the control group (n = 43), and adopted the regular teaching method while another class was selected as the experimental group (n = 42), and employed the flipped teaching method. This study used the “Learning strategy scale of students in vocational high schools” as the instrument. The students’ scores of the Testing Center for Technological and Vocational Education Test were used to evaluate their learning effectiveness. The results of this study indicate that students under the flipped teaching model made remarkable progress in the electronics course and the learning outcomes remained significant after a long period of time. Moreover, they made notable changes in their learning strategies, including “learning motivation”, “reading and exams”, “self-testing”, and “problem solving strategies”.

The Influence of Flipped Learning Methods on High School Learners’ Biology Attainment and Social Intelligence in Kuwait

The present study aims to discuss the influence of the flipped learning method (FLM)—on high school biology learners to improve the results of their biology attainment tests along with their use of social interactions while learning. By applying quasi-experimental study, 37 female high school biology learners in 2 intact grade 10 classes in Kuwait were selected as the study objects. A class was randomly chosen as the experimental group and another class as the control group. The students in the experimental group applied flipped learning strategy while the control group applied the traditional direct method. The teaching experiment for both classes lasted for 5 weeks (10 sessions). Using an attainment test administered by the teacher as a pretest and a post-test, the attainment of the biology students was measured. The researchers also conducted a survey to examine their social intelligence and it was given along with the pretest and the post-test. The breakdown of the attainment test results showed that flipped learning methods actually have (p > .05) more positive influence on the students’ attainment than the direct methods. The learners under the flipped teaching methods outperformed the learners under the direct methods on their attainment learning. However, as for the results of their social intelligence, the ANCOVA test revealed a non-significant difference between the two classes whether they were under the influence of flipped learning methods or the direct teaching methods due to some reasons mentioned later in this paper. Still, flipped learning method effect on the student’ learning attainment led to positive results and would lead other teachers to implement FLM in Kuwaiti classrooms. The researchers also suggest that the College of Education at Kuwait University train pre-service teachers to apply modern teaching strategies, such as FLM. This paper presents an important topic. It summaries primary literature concerning flipped classrooms compared to direct teaching methods, discusses limitations of both methods, clarifies benefits of flipped learning methods, and offers recommendations for teachers to implement flipped learning methods.

A Virtual International Faculty Development Design to Provide Remote Flipped Teaching Training During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

The COVID‐19 pandemic forced universities to adopt emergency remote teaching strategies. This sudden switch from face‐to‐face teaching to online format prompted appropriate faculty training by the institutions. A university in Saudi Arabia organized a faculty development program to train its educators to design and implement a virtual classroom using the flipped teaching (FT) method. The flipped classroom is a student‐centered instructional design where students are expected to learn basic concepts on their own using resources provided by the instructor outside of class. The class time is used to rehearse and master this knowledge through discussion and application. Moving lectures outside of class allows opportunity to engage students with the content using student‐centered activities during class where more interaction between the faculty and students as well as among peers is expected. The present study tested the effectiveness of a remote faculty training program at an international institution in the development of their own remote flipped courses. The training was stretched over six biweekly sessions for which a course was created on Moodle, the Learning Management System. The participants (n=13) were guided to develop pre‐class assignments such as lecture videos, formative assessments to encourage students in pre‐class preparation, in‐class student engagement activities, and assessments. The faculty participants were given a pre‐ and a post‐training survey to learn about their knowledge, attitude, and confidence towards FT. The pre‐course survey results indicated that 62% of the participants had never tried FT and about 46% were not familiar with FT prior to receiving training while only 54% felt ready to flip. However, all participants intended to implement the FT method after completing the course. Following the training, all participants reportedly felt they could confidently flip their courses and implement FT strategies. All participants valued the training and hoped to reconvene monthly as a group to continue meeting as a group to share their remote FT experiences. In conclusion, the virtual FT training helped improve the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and confidence of all participants in designing their flipped courses to engage students in the remote teaching mode.