Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Research Articles

Zinc tungstate integrated onto zinc oxide h-MDs-based flexible piezoelectric power device: A new energy technology for real-time indoor laboratory safety warning system

With the rapid development of research world, the number of researchers and research laboratories is increasing rapidly. Simultaneously, accidents in laboratories are on the rise, drawing significant attention from everyone. To address this issue, the current study demonstrates a real-time safety early warning alarm system aimed at preventing accidents and enhancing safety management in laboratories. We developed a zinc tungstate nanoparticles (NPs) integrated on zinc oxide hexagonal microdiscks (h-MDs) (ZnO–ZnWO4@PDMS) composite based on a novel flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (FPENG). The observed piezoelectric response was 1.32 V, which is ∼4 times better than that of pure ZnWO4, owing to the synergistic effect of ZnO–ZnWO4@PDMS. When subjected to finger-tapping motion, the FPENG can charge a 1 μF capacitor, and it reached 81 mV within 56 s. Subsequently, the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are powered with amplification. The FPENG system was demonstrated and validated through real-time application in the laboratory setting, marked as a “caution/restricted” line. The application of the system demonstrated its capability to simultaneously illuminate LEDs and sound alarms when people touch or cross the caution line. Furthermore, the proposed FPENG exhibited ∼660 mV even ∼90 % humidity, with no noticeable electrical changes under different solvents, confirming that the proposed FPENG is not affected by varying humidity and various indoor conditions. These outstanding results and real-time demonstrations unequivocally establish the feasibility of this system in contexts such as bank lockers, metro systems, hilly areas, and more.

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites as Piezoelectric Nanogenerator: Properties, Fabrication and Market Applications

Depletion of fossil fuels and increase in pollution through chemical batteries trigger the development of self‐powered devices based on flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNG). Biocompatible piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposites merged with piezoelectric fillers like ZnO, KNN, and BaTiO3 reproduce amended piezoelectric current, contributing to the safe application as biosensors and flexible industrial devices. Optimized loading, precise selection, and variating the surface chemistry of piezoelectric filler, along with fabrication schemes comprising different structural configurations of composites, considerably influence its potential for application as an energy harvester. Also, optimized processing condition upgrades dielectric constant and energy storage density, and reduces dielectric loss, thereby plummeting energy dissipation even after prolonged usage. Consequently, this article reviews the principles, properties, fabrication techniques, and market application of PVDF composites. A detailed relationship of significant electrical properties of PVDF composites with its fabrication methods and (piezoelectric parameters of fabricated PVDF composites with reported real‐life wearable, implantable, and industrial‐based portable piezoelectric devices are discussed in detail along with tabulated data for a clear understanding of structure–property relationship. Again, the market strategy for establishing flexible PVDF composite as a PNG has been discussed. A piece of in‐depth knowledge is provided for procuring affordable futuristic large‐scale PVDF‐based nanogenerators exhibiting affordable market worth.

Enhancing piezoelectric effect of PVDF electrospun fiber through NiO nanoparticles for wearable applications

Flexible electrospun fiber-based piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) has attracted a lot of interest due to its ability of generating electrical energy from mechanical energy sources. The present work aims to improve the piezoelectric output of PENG devices based on electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) doped with nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) in different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt.-%). Crystalline phase changes and β-crystalline content in electrospun fibers were evaluated using XRD and FTIR-ATR, respectively. Surface morphology and surface roughness of the electrospun fibers were observed using FE-SEM and AFM, respectively. The hydrophobic nature of the fibers was analyzed using a wettability test. PENG output voltage and short-circuit current performance of neat PVDF and PVDF doped with NiO (PN) composite electrospun fibers were calculated using a customized variable-pressure setup with an optimized force of 1.0 kgf and 1.0 Hz frequency. Neat PVDF-based PENG exhibited only 1.7 V and 0.7 μA, whereas, PVDF doped with 6 wt.-% NiO NP (PN-6) based PENG generated a high output voltage of 5.5 V and 1.83 μA current. The optimized PN-6 PENG device is demonstrated for use in wearable devices towards identifying certain body movements like tapping, wrist movement, walking and running.

Development of flexible PVDF/ BaTiO3-MoS2 polymer nanocomposites for energy harvesting and gas sensing applications

The need for flexible and wearable devices is quite great in the modern era of advanced electronics and the Internet of Things (IoT). Here, we present a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/Barium Titanate–Molybdenum Disulfide (BaTiO3–MoS2) composite-based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) with an improved electroactive phase. The electroactive, β-phase of the PVDF is shown to increase with the addition of BaTiO3–MoS2 fillers as a result of the filler’s good interfacial interaction with the polymer matrix. The improved electroactive phase in the PVDF matrix was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction method and FTIR analysis of the composite films. The uniform dispersion of filler particles in the polymer matrix was confirmed by a scanning electron microscopy analysis. The developed piezoelectric nanogenerator device generated peak-to-peak output voltage of 4.9 V with a high dielectric constant of 22 and a low dielectric loss of 4.7. The fabricated gas sensor can perform at room temperature and exhibits good gas sensing performance toward the NH3 gas. It was found that, compared to all other samples, the composite PVDF/BaTiO3–MoS2 films had a high level of sensitivity. Additionally, the composite films showed response and recovery times of 11 and 17 s. The composite based on PVDF/BaTiO3–MoS2 is a suitable material for NH3 sensor applications.

Tailored nanofiber composites for a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) with BaTiO3/NiFe2O4

Owing to the depletion of fossil fuel energy and the pollution caused by chemical batteries, as well as the growing number of electronic devices and the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a greater demand for power devices that are lightweight, inexpensive, durable, and sustainable. An excellent alternative is a self-sufficient, adaptable piezoelectric energy harvester, easily integrated with small electronics to generate real-time, sustained energy. This study develops a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) by uniformly drawing spun membranes containing 2 wt% of barium titanate (BaTiO3) and nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4). The flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator was prepared by electrospinning technique. The electroactive phase content of PVDF is increased by adding nanofillers, and the interfacial polarization between the nanofiller and polymer matrix is significantly enhanced. The obtained electrospun nanofibers were evaluated for mechanical flexibility and piezoelectric responses. The findings demonstrated that, for a given filler composition, the output voltage achieved was more significant than the voltage generated by the pure PVDF. The PVDF/BaTiO3-NiFeO4 electrospun nanofibers demonstrated the highest piezoelectric peak-to-peak output voltage of 4.1 compared to pure PVDF (∼125 mV). From these results, the prepared electrospun polymer nanocomposite fibers may be preferred as the energy-converting devices that can be applied to flexible and wearable electronics. The materials mechanical, breakdown strength and dielectric characteristics align with their potential uses in wearable electronics.

Fabrication and piezoelectric analysis based on nanogrid architecture composed of ZnO ultrathin nanosheets grown on fiber paper substrates for wearable energy harvesting

In this work, three-dimensional (3D) nanogrid architecture composed of two-dimensional (2D) ZnO ultrathin nanosheets (ZUNSs) is grown on fiber paper substrates by a two-step low-temperature hydrothermal process, and a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is also developed based on the as-grown ZUNS-paper. Piezoelectric signals were also measured under compressive forces that can harvest energy up to 30 nA and 120 mV. In order to exploit the piezoelectric properties of the unique ZnO nanostructure, a series of simulation experiments based on ZUNSs were conducted systematically through the finite element method (FEM, COMSOL). The size-dependent simulation analysis (including thickness, length, and height) under two different force modes manifests that the ZUNSs possess tremendous merits for optimizing the output performance of piezoelectric nanogenerators, especially in the case of lateral bending. Besides, the anisotropic electricity generation has been investigated and analyzed within the ZUNSs via applying force with various orientations. Our results may provide guidance for the design and performance optimization of wearable self-powered micro/nanoelectric devices.

Transformation of ZnS microspheres to non-centrosymmetric nanoplates for the fabrication of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators: Electrode surface area modification for boosting the output performance

We report the transformation of ZnS particles from microsphere to 2D nanoplate having a non-centrosymmetric phase by optimizing growth parameters of hydrothermal method, and fabrication of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs). ZnS nanoplates-based PENG showed maximum open circuit voltage and short circuit current of ∼ 3.8 V and 1.8 μA, respectively. Thereafter, surface of aluminium (Al) electrode was modified by making parallel and cross-parallel lines using a cost-effective technique. Surface-modified Al-electrode-based PENG device generated ∼ 6.6 and 2.5 times higher open circuit voltage and short circuit current, respectively, with a power density of ∼ 41.5 μWcm−2. This device was successfully used as portable electronics by flashing 15 red LEDs after charging a 1 μF capacitor up to 7.1 V in 75 s. Furthermore, the device exhibited noticeable electric output signals under various kinds of human body motions, which makes it a promising candidate for self-powered wearable sensor applications.

Hydrothermally grown pure and Er-doped ZnS nanocrystals based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and sensing applications

Pure zinc sulphide (ZnS) and Er-doped ZnS nanocrystals were grown by hydrothermal method at low temperature. Powder XRD analysis reveals the formation of wurtzite hexagonal phase structure for both pure and Er-doped ZnS samples. Morphology of 2D nanocrystals for both pure and doped ZnS nanocrystals was confirmed by FESEM technique. Presence of Er element in Er-doped ZnS was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Further, both pure and Er-doped nanocrystals have been used as piezoelectric fillers in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for the fabrication of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators. The Er-doped ZnS based nanogenerator showed almost 9 times (∼ 36 V) higher open circuit voltage as compared to pure ZnS based nanogenerator (∼ 4 V). Then, Er-doped ZnS nanocrystals based device was used to harvest the mechanical energy under the human walking and running conditions. Also, this device generated significant electrical signal under the human elbow bending. The output performances of Er-doped ZnS based device indicates that it can be a potential candidate for mechanical energy harvesting under various human body motions as well as for wearable piezoelectric sensor applications.

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Based Piezoelectric Composites with Strong Interfacial Adhesion via Click Chemistry for Self-Powered Flexible Sensors.

Achieving relatively uniform dispersion in organic-inorganic composites with overwhelming differences in surface energy is a perennial challenge. Herein, novel eliminated polyvinylidene fluoride (EPVDF)/EPVDF functionalized barium titanate nanoparticles (EPVDF@BT) flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) with strong interfacial adhesion are developed via thermal stretching following sequential click chemistry. Thanks to the strong interfacial adhesion, the optimal PENGs containing ultra-high β-phase content (97.2%) exhibit not only optimized mechanical and dielectric behaviors but also excellent piezoelectric properties with high piezoelectric output (V = 10.7V, I = 216 nA), reliable durability (8000 cycles), ultrafast response time (20ms), and good sensitivity (2.09 nAkPa-1 ), far outperforming most reported PVDF-based composites. Furthermore, COMSOL finite element simulations (FEM) confirm that the elevated stress transfer efficiency induced by the strong interfacial adhesion is the main driving force for enhanced piezoelectric performances. For practical applications, self-powered PENGs can simply but stably capture mechanical energy, drive tiny electronic devices, and serve as potential multifunctional and durable sensors for detecting human physiological motions. This work opens a pioneering avenue to break the trade-offs between piezoelectric and other properties, which is of great importance for developing self-powered flexible sensors.

The construction of BaTiO3-based core-shell composites for high-performance and flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

The construction of BaTiO3-based core-shell composites for high-performance and flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

Microcrack-assisted piezoelectric acoustic sensor based on f-MWCNTs/BaTiO3@PDMS nanocomposite and its self-powered voice recognition applications

Piezoelectric materials are suitable for use in wearable devices because of their simplicity and self-powering characteristics. However, before they can be used as wearable sensors, their flexibility and sensitivity need to be enhanced. Therefore, investing time and effort for improving piezoelectric materials is essential. In this study, we fabricated flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (FPENGs) with microcracks based on a functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes/BaTiO3@polydimethylsiloxane composite. Then, we performed morphological and structural analyses of the fabricated composite. It was found that the presence of microcracks improved the output performance of the FPENG. The fabricated FPENG could function as an acoustic sensor with significantly enhanced frequency range sensitivity. As a proof-of-concept application, the ability of the FPENG to differentiate the loudness and melody of sound music, as well as its audio-to-text conversion capability, was demonstrated. These results validated the potential of the FPENG for a broader range of wireless communication applications on the Internet of Things.

Supersonically Sprayed Cobalt Titanate and PVDF for Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) are the core components of self-powered devices used in sensors, ecofriendly wearable gadgets, and biomedical implants. This study introduces and demonstrates a flexible PENG with supersonically cold-sprayed films of cobalt titanate (CTO) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). An electrically poled PENG produces a maximum output voltage of 34.8 V under a tapping force of 20 N, whereas a CTO/PVDF-based PENG exhibits 25.4 V across a loading resistance ( R L ) of 50 MΩ and generates a short-circuit current of 30 μA at 0.1 MΩ. Furthermore, the maximum power density is 25 μW·cm-2 at R L = 0.6 MΩ. Cyclic tapping and bending test results show that open-circuit voltages (Voc) of 25.4 and 5.8 V are produced under the tapping cycle of N tap = 4200 and bending cycle of N bend = 750 , respectively, confirming the mechanical durability of the PENG. Thus, the potential of CTO/PVDF films for use in PENGs with various functionalities can be confirmed based on the V oc values generated from bending, mobile tapping, walking, and lifting movements.

3D-printed wearable BaTiO3/PDMS piezoelectric nanogenerator for self-powered body movement sensing

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) used in body movement real-time monitoring are of great interest for their wide application potential such as in the field of smart healthcare. In this work, a self-powered BaTiO3/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) PENG for body movement sensing was successfully fabricated by extrusion 3D printing. Matrix system composed of different ratios of PDMS was selected based on the rheological property of materials. Experimental investigations were conducted to examine the impact of printing pressure and speed on the linewidth. Subsequently, the extrusion parameters for nanogenerators were determined based on the printed linewidth. The composite showed good ferroelectric property. After polarization, the nanogenerators exhibited an improvement in output performance of up to 55.2%. Additionally, the device demonstrated a good linear relationship between voltage and tapped force test by an electromechanical vibrator. Successful detection of body or muscle movement signals was achieved when the nanogenerator was mounted on the human finger, throat, or foot using a wearable sock, highlighting its potential for applications in self-powered wearable devices for smart healthcare.

Dysprosium tungstate incorporated on exfoliated layered molybdenum disulfide-based a flexible and wearable piezoelectric nanogenerator for the dual purpose of self-powered energy harvesting and a smart mask for human breath monitoring

The rapid spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), including the Omicron, and Delta variants, has resulted in severe economic losses and health issues worldwide. This crisis has particularly impacted the human respiratory system, demanding urgent solutions. With this goal in mind, we have developed a novel DyW@MoS2-based FPENG for self-powered energy harvesting and a smart mask for monitoring human breath. The highest piezoelectric response was observed at 30 wt% of FPENG (∼1.30 V), which is ∼1.9 times better than MoS2–PDMS FPENG. The generated voltages from the FPENG are used to charge capacitors, power the LEDs, and run a wristwatch. Additionally, the RS-FPENG is employed in real-time demonstrations as a self-powered smart mask for monitoring human breath. RS-FPENG showed ∼141 mV even ∼90% humidity, confirming that the water vapor generated doesn’t affect human breath monitoring. FFT results revealed that the RS-FPENG can distinguish between normal and fast breathing. By connecting the RS-FPENG to an LED circuit system, the glowing LED can be turned off when a person stops breathing. The fabricated smart mask exhibits excellent unique capabilities, including small size, simple fabrication, easy installation, and cost-effectiveness, making it suitable for respiratory system monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic.

High-performance polyaniline-coated electrospun P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 nanofiber-based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator

The rapid progress and assimilation of the Internet of Things in modern lifestyles has sparked increased interest in self-powered electronics and wearable sensors. In this study, we present a simple, facile, and cost-effective approach to fabricate polyaniline (PANI)-coated poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE))/barium titanate (BT) nanocomposite nanofiber mats. The addition of PANI-coated BT NPs into the nanofibers greatly enhances the piezoelectric coefficient (d33 ≈ 62 pC N−1), leading to an improved output voltage. Meanwhile, the conductive PANI also improves the electrically conductive network, resulting in enhanced current output. The proposed flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator yielded an excellent figure of merit (14.4×10−11Pa−1), significantly enhancing energy-harvesting performance (an open-circuit output voltage of ∼68 V, a short-circuit current of ∼3 μA, and a remarkable power density of 225 mW m−2). Furthermore, the fabricated flexible devices exhibited an average mechano-sensitivity of 1.2 V kPa−1, showcasing its potential for widespread application in self-powered wearable sensors capable of capturing various human motions in applications such as gesture monitoring and finger motion detection.

Titania Nanoparticle-Stimulated Ultralow Frequency Detection and High-Pass Filter Behavior of a Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerator: A Self-Sustaining Energy Harvester for Active Motion Tracking.

A significant driving force for the fabrication of IoT-compatible smart health gear integrated with multifunctional sensors is the growing trend in fitness and the overall wellness of the human body. In this work, we present an autonomous motion and activity-sensing device based on the efficacious nucleation of the polar β-phase in an electroactive polymer. Representatively, we investigate the nucleating effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on weight-modulated PVDF-HFP films (PT-5, PT-10, and PT-15) and subsequently prototype a sensing device with the film that demonstrates superior β-phase nucleation. The PT-10 film, with an optimal polar β-phase, shows the highest remnant polarization (2Pr) and energy density of 0.36 μC/cm2 and 22.3 mJ/cm3, respectively, at 60 kV/cm. The films mimic a high pass filter at frequencies above 10 KHz with very low impedance and high ac conductivity values. The frequency-dependent impedance studies reveal an effective interfacial polarization between TiO2 nanoparticles and PVDF-HFP, explicitly observed in the low-frequency region. Consequently, the sensor fabricated with PT-10 as the sensing layer exhibits ultralow frequency detection (25 Hz) resulting from the blood flow muscle oxygenation. The device successfully senses voluntary joint movements of the human body and actively tracks a range of motions, from brisk walking to running. Additionally, through repetitive human finger-tapping motion, the nanogenerator lights up multiple light-emitting diodes in series and charges capacitors of varying magnitudes under 50 s. The real-time human motion sensing and movement tracking modalities of the sensor hold promise in the arena of smart wearables, sports biomechanics, and contact-based medical devices.

Beta-phase transformation of polyvinylidene fluoride with supersonically sprayed ZnSnO3 cuboids for flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

Flexible self-powered electromechanical devices, such as piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), which are used in wearable and implantable devices, are emerging as state-of-the-art clean energy sources. In this study, a scalable supersonic spraying technique was used to prepare flexible piezocomposite films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and hydrothermally synthesized ZnSnO3 (ZSO) cubes for PENGs. Raman spectra confirmed that the transformation of the α-phase of PVDF to its β-phase was induced by the shear stress generated between the ZSO particles and PVDF polymer during supersonic spraying. The optimized sample comprising 0.43 g of ZSO cubes and 1 g of PVDF produced a maximum piezopotential of 41.5 V and a short-circuit current, Isc, of 52.5 μA. A maximum power density of 50.6 μW cm−2 was obtained at a loading resistance of 0.4 MΩ, which matched the impedance of the PENG. Long-term tapping and bending cycles of Ntap = 4200 and Nbend = 600 yielded piezopotentials of 40.5 and 1.7 V, respectively. In addition, electrical poling for 2 h increased the piezopotential to 52 V owing to the alignment of the ferroelectric dipoles in the PVDF.

Highly efficient, eco-friendly, flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators based on MA2CuCl4 NPs embedded into a zein matrix

Eco-friendly, piezoelectric MA2CuCl4-zein nanocomposites (NCs) are fabricated using the sol-gel method in which lead-free halide perovskite MA2CuCl4 nanoparticles (NPs) are successfully embedded in a natural polymer zein matrix without chemical decomposition. The MA2CuCl4-zein NCs are utilized as the piezoelectric layer for piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), and PENGs based on the MA2CuCl4-zein NCs are compared with those based on MA2CuCl4 NPs and on zein. The average output voltage of the PENGs based on the MA2CuCl4-zein NCs under vertical pressure is 48.84 V, which is significantly larger than that of the PENGs with MA2CuCl4 NPs alone and with zein alone by factors of 13.49 and 4.62, respectively. The significantly higher output voltage of the PENGs based on the MA2CuCl4-zein NC thin films is attributed to enhanced piezoelectricity and the surface planarization caused by the zein matrix. The output voltages of the rigid PENG and the flexible TENG based on the MA2CuCl4-zein NC thin films remain stable without degradation after 500 taps and after 500 bends, respectively. The flexible PENGs based on MA2CuCl4-zein NC thin films can be operated using various human motions, such as bending with fingers, the palms of hands, and or the arms, and stepping on the PENGs. The utilization of MA2CuCl4-zein NCs provides insight into developing eco-friendly PENGs that utilize lead-free halide perovskites and natural polymers.

A shape-adaptable and highly resilient aerogel assembled by poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers for self-powered sensing

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators with high power output and superior mechanical stability that can respond to tiny human movements are essential for the development of portable power sources and smart sensors. Herein, a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofiber aerogel with a bionic cytoplasmic matrix structure and controllable super-elasticity is constructed by wet electrospinning for self-powered sensing. The PVDF-based aerogel exhibits remarkable elastic resilience with a high compressive stress of 2 MPa at 50% strain. The three-dimensional porous structure and high specific surface area endow the aerogel excellent electrical properties. The corresponding PVPU-NG device has an optimum output of 156 V and 34.9 μA with a power density of 5.5 W m−2, which can illuminate 50 light-emitting diodes. In addition, this PVPU-NG can respond to tiny human movements and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to power miniature electronics. Specifically, the PVPU-NG can generate peak-to-peak voltages of approximately 1.8 V and 31 V during elbow bending and walking, respectively. As a result, the PVDF-based nanofiber aerogel, which exhibits high compressive strength and improved pressure sensitivity, demonstrates broad application prospects in wearable electronics and portable power sources.

Scalable, flexible BaTiO3/PVDF piezocomposites prepared via supersonic spraying for use in energy harvesting and integrated energy storage devices

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) are emerging as sustainable power sources for self-charging wearable electronic devices owing to their ability to harvest ambient mechanical energy. The use of piezopolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and piezoceramic barium titanate (BaTiO3) as flexible composite materials for PENGs deposited using the supersonic cold-spraying technique was investigated in this study. The PENG with an optimized concentration of BaTiO3 to PVDF generated a piezoelectric voltage of 11.5 V when subjected to a tapping force of 5 N for 15,000 cycles. Scanning electron microscopy images captured after cycling confirm the robustness of the BaTiO3 and PVDF composite films. A maximum power of 28.7 μW was achieved at an impedance-matching resistance of 0.7 MΩ. A flexible-PENG bending test of 3000 cycles with a bending radius of 0.8 cm confirmed the durability when an optimal PVDF matrix accommodated well-dispersed BaTiO3 particles. Furthermore, the ferroelectric characteristics of BaTiO3 and PVDF were activated by electrical poling for 14 h, thereby increasing an open circuit voltage to 37.5 V, indicating the possibility of a 3.3-times enhancement after poling.