Fleet Introduction Research Articles

Integrated airline fleet introduction and assignment under a daily route-based network

Integrated airline fleet introduction and assignment under a daily route-based network

Airline capacity distribution under financial budget and resource consideration

Capacity distribution is a challenging issue for an airline under financial budget and resource consideration. It is a large-scale optimization problem covering both long-term planning and short-term operating arrangements. This study investigates on the airline capacity distribution problem with financial budget and resource consideration. It contains subproblems of financial budget arrangement, fleet introduction, and fleet assignment. Among them, financial budget is arranged in multiple decision periods, fleet introduction is decided under fixed time points, while fleet assignment is decided under all available time points. To tackle this problem, an integer programming model is formulated for descriptions. Then, an integrated algorithm of modified Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) and Branch-and-bound (B&B) strategy is developed to find solutions. In detail, a greedy heuristic approach is utilized to generate an initial solution for fleet introduction, the modified B&B strategy is utilized to generate the optimal solution for fleet assignment and the modified VNS is applied to update current solution for a new one with better quality. In addition, budget limit checks are added for financial budget arrangements. Finally, the hybrid algorithm is tested on efficiency and stability. It is also compared to other algorithms which replace the modified VNS by basic VNS, differential evolution and genetic algorithm. Computational results show that performance of our approach is powerful in terms of objective value, convergence speed and stability.

Development Process of Workplace Mobility Planning in Three Pilot Locations

A prospective way to make transportation more sustainable is changing the commuters’ travel behavior, which can be realized by creating mobility plans for institutions. A new approach related to workplace mobility planning is developed in three pilot locations in Hungary. As a first step, a roadmap is established including current situation analysis as well as collecting potential measures, setting up a mobility team, and developing pilot actions. The paper presents the planning process taking several aspects, such as commitment, vision, stakeholders’ involvement, situation analysis, measure implementation, and recommendations, into account. In the process, several stakeholders are involved to provide useful inputs through online surveys, personal interviews, and focus group meetings. The pilot development process covers three institutions in three locations with such specific parameters as the size of the city, the number of employees, location, and accessibility. As a result, it is seen that most measures aim at cycling infrastructure development, bike fleet introduction, and electric charger deployment. The proposed process is easily transferable and applicable in any location and any institution. The results not only support the commuters but show a potential to serve long-term societal goals, as well.

The U. S. Navy's Shipboard Solid Waste Program: Managing a Highly Accelerated Fleet‐wide Ship System Integration Program

AbstractThe FY‐94 and FY‐97 National Defense Authorization Acts amended the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (APPS) to require fleet‐wide installation of Plastics Waste Processors by December 1998, and installation of Pulpers and Shredders by December 2000. These requirements translate to an acquisition program, which could rapidly develop, procure and deploy processing equipment on about 200 surface ships (over 24 ship classes) within three years. To date, this program has successfully completed the ship integration of the Plastic Waste Processor and is in the stages of implementing the Pulpers and Shredders. » A previous paper on this subject broadly described the development of the acquisition strategy, the development of the equipment and the fleet integration plan. This paper focuses on the ownership issues of the program and how they affect program decisions. It reviews how the Navy selected its current compliance strategy, including the consideration of its effects on marine environment through the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) studies. It details the various processes NAVSEA implemented to ensure the delivery of quality and affordable “turn‐key” system to the fleet. These processes included a comprehensive installation design and review; rapid incorporation of lessons learned; timely deployment of Integrated Logistics Support to meet fleet operations to meet fleet introduction which included establishing interim spares; and instituting a comprehensive In‐Service Engineering Agent assist and inspection program.

Neptune and the Netherlands: state, economy, and war at sea in the Renaissance

Notes on conventions List of Plates and Maps List of Tables and Figures Abbreviations Chronology Preface Introduction 1. Chronological and geographical limits 2. Historiography 3. Sources: une mer a boire 4. Points of departure Chapter One The seabound Netherlands Introduction 1. Flanders: origin of Admiralty 2. Holland: maritime power in Western Europe 3. Zeeland: power base of the Lords of Veere Conclusion Chapter Two Ordinances and admirals Introduction 1. The Ordinance on the Admiralty of 1488 2. Admirals and vice-admirals, 1488-1558 3. Holland's attack on the Admiralty 4. The Ordinance on the Admiralty of 1540 Conclusion Chapter Three Defence of the fisheries Introduction 1. Fishery: proportions and changes 2. Defence of Flanders' fishery, 1488-1547 3. Defence of Holland's fishery, 1488-1547 4. Defence of Zeeland's fishery, 1488-1547 5. Cooperation between the provinces, 1547-1558 Conclusion Chapter Four Commerce and dynasty Introduction 1. The route to the East: the offensive solution 2. The route to the West: the defensive solution 3. Protection of the routes to the East and to the West in 1557 Conclusion Chapter Five Strategy and dynasty Introduction 1. The Zuider Zee 2. Coastal defence 3. Passage between the Netherlands and Spain 4. England as a base and ally 5. Strategy and honour Conclusion Chapter Six Towards a permanent war fleet Introduction 1. Organisation and finance 2. The war fleet 3. The crew 4. Veere: naval base of the Habsburg Netherlands Conclusion Chapter Seven Privateering and Admiralty Introduction 1. Privateering 2. Admiralty 3. Order and discipline Conclusion Conclusion Glossary Bibliography Index

Challenge — Naval Force Development

Challenge — Naval Force Development

7208 Audit of pre-colonoscopy bowel preparation.

Northern Ireland has the second highest incidence of colorectal cancer in the world. Accurate assessment, by either barium enema or colonoscopy is essential. Both investigations require satisfactory pre-examination bowel preparation. Two prospective audits were carried out at the causeway Trust Hospitals to assess the efficacy, tolerability and side effect profiles of the belowmentioned preparations. The first audit was to compare the standard 400omls of Klean-prep (PEG) to the combined preparation (CP) of 2- sachet picolax plus 2000mls of Klean-prep. A follow-up audit was performed several months later following the introduction of Fleet (PS). As the methodology and protocol were similar, these two studies have been combined for the purpose of this report. 70 patients were recruited over twenty weeks. They were counseled by a pharmacist before randomisation to PEG (25 patients), PS (20 patients) and CP (25 patients). A questionnaire was completed by the patients detailing palability, compliance and side effects experienced on the day of the examination. Compliance was high PEG=27%, CP=96%, PS=95 but most patients had some difficulty taking all the preparations, PED=60%, CP=48%, PS=32%. There were significant side effects experienced by all groups of patients including those who were tolerant of the preparation (PEG=70%, CP=80%, PS=63%) Colonoscopies were performed by a Consultant Surgeon and a Consultant Gastroenterologist who were both blinded to the preparations taken by the patients. Quality of the preparation was graded 1-5 on the basis of visual assessment. It showed similarly satisfactory results (PEG=95%, CP=90%, PS=100%). The results suggest comparable quality of bowel preparation and suitably high compliance amongst patients in all 3 groups, with no significant difference in the side effect profiles. Klean-prep costs £5.76, while Fleet is slightly cheaper at £4.79. The combined preparation costs £3.65. From this audit, we conclude that the combined preparation represents the most cost-effective method without compromise to the patients or endoscopists.

Cooperative Engagement Capability

ABSTRACT A revolutionary approach to air defense has recently been extensively evaluated within the United States Navy The approach is a new cooperative engagement capability (CEC) that allows systems to share unaltered sensor measurement data with very small time delay and with retention of precision, enabling the units of a battle group to operate as one. The CEC system and the program for fleet introduction will be described. Further, the results of recent testing as well as new concepts toward multiwarfare, joint‐services operations are discussed.

STANDARD Missile 2 BLOCK IV Missile/Ship Integration

ABSTRACTThe newest missile in the Navy's Vertical Launching System (VLS) inventory is the STANDARD Missile 2 BLOCK IV. The BLOCK IV missile employs a Thrust Vector Controlled (TVC) booster, the MK 72, which has made very high altitude, increased cross‐range, and long range engagements possible. The MK 72 exhaust mass flowrate is two to three times greater than the previous missile considered when evaluating worst‐case exhaust plume effects to topside equipment.Tests have been performed to determine the effect of the BLOCK IV integration into the fleet. The overall intention of these tests was to provide a smooth and seamless integration of the BLOCK IV missile into fleet service. By performing integration tests prior to fleet introduction, hazards directed toward personnel or equipment associated with the launch of the BLOCK IV become known and steps can be taken to rectify those hazards. This paper discusses the various evaluations of the MK 72 rocket motor exhaust plume effects to AEGIS Vertical Launching System ship's topside equipment. The tests were conducted during static developmental rocket motor firings and live‐firings from the Vertical Launching System at White Sands Missile Range.

A Concept of Operations for the Rapid Anti-Ship Missile Integrated Defense System (RAIDS) Prototype

The increasing capability and proliferation of the modern anti-ship missile (ASM) has significantly complicated shipboard terminal defense. Current tactics used to counter ASMs require extensive manual coordination of stand-alone terminal defense systems. RAIDS is a phased development initiative to improve the ability of surface combatants to perform anti-ship missile defense (ASMD) by providing coordination of existing terminal defense systems, integration and single point control of electronic warfare (EW) functions, and ship specific ASMD training. RAIDS is being rapidly prototyped at the Naval Surface Warfare Center for early fleet integration and will subsequently undergo full scale engineering development in two phases. The RAIDS prototype is an immediate response by the Navy's technical community to the needs of its operational forces and will demonstrate improved ASMD effectiveness with today's combat system. Despite an unusually compressed development period, the prototype is a functional representation of the system planned for fleet introduction in FY 93. RAIDS is by definition a non-traditional addition to today's naval combat system. Full exploitation of current technology is needed to satisfy performance requirements dictated by the stressing environment of modern ASMD. Through effective coordination of existing hardkill and softkill resources, the RAIDS prototype is the first step in the definition of a new standard for ASMD effectiveness. The operational concept definition process for RAIDS is evolutionary to accommodate fleet input during system development. Because of the tactical significance and innovation of this terminal defense integration, operational feedback from initial development tests is considered critical in refining the RAIDS design and operational concept. The prototype will provide the fleet with a broad range of improved capabilities which they will operationally exercise and evaluate at sea in late 1990.

THE PHM—SURFACE WARFARE SHIP TECHNOLOGY TAKES A STEP FORWARD

ABSTRACTAs the lead ship of the U. S. Navy's first Squadron of Patrol Combatant Missile Hydrofoil (PHM) Ships, USS PEGASUS (PHM–1) completed an unprecedented test and evaluation program in June 1976. PEGASUS subsequently completed very successful acceptance and final contract trials and is currently homeported in San Diego, Calif., under the operational command of COMNAVSURFPAC. Fleet introduction employment exercises and support work are continuing, with consideration being given to deploying the ship to other Fleets.The PHM Program obtained a favorable Department of Defense production decision in January 1977, but award of the five ship production contract to Boeing Marine Systems was delayed approximately nine months for further review by the in coming administration. Difficulty has been experienced in maintaining program stability and in coordinating the objectives and schedules of the original NATO Program. The U. S. currently is the only country entering production. However, potential sales to NATO or other Defense Treaty Organizations may develop over the next several years. Cost constraints make successful Squadron procurement and Fleet introduction a formidable objective for the early 1980s. The Navy Hydrofoil RDT&E Program has been useful to PHM, but its two R&D ships are to be “mothballed.” Current major effort is being directed toward acquisition of the production PHMs within contract cost and in providing an expanded Mobile Logistic Support System using Innovative new concepts; this in time to support ship deliveries. The lessons learned from the lead ship program are being applied in both areas.