Fish Species In Water Bodies Research Articles

EDNA-Based Survey of Fish Species in Water Bodies Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) for Application of Developing Automatic Sampler.

The monitoring of species in a habitat is important to ensure biological diversity. Environmental DNA (eDNA) can infer the presence-absence of species and enable rapid action to avoid threatening factors in ecosystems in the case of non-indigenous species. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for molecular amplification are rapidly gaining popularity in species detection, but LAMP remains an underutilized method for eDNA-based monitoring practices. The most effective combination for successful species monitoring may be the collection of eDNA or biological traces collected by nanofiltration followed by LAMP-based species detection initiatives. Here, we used LAMP analysis to detect the eDNA of Esox lucius (Northern Pike), Anguilla anguilla (European Eel), and Salmo salar (Atlantic Salmon) in Borre Lake and in the Drammen River. The selection of species is based on the categories of regionally invasive species, endangered species, and species of least concern. Two target genes were considered for each species and LAMP primers were designed. Our study showed that LAMP is an effective tool for discovering specific fish eDNA (analysis) to maintain aquatic ecosystems.

A Systematic Investigation on the Damage Characteristics of Fish in Axial Flow Pumps

An axial flow pump is a kind of high-specific revolution vane pump that has the characteristics of large flow, low head, and high efficiency. Due to its unique properties, it is widely used in large water diversion projects, such as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. However, during the operation of the pump, some fish enter the axial flow pump together with the water flow through the screen before the entrance of the pump station. Consequently, some fish are inevitably damaged or even die in the process of traversing through the pump. Meanwhile, the decay of dead fish directly affects the quality of water, hence, posing serious ecological pollution and destabilizing the ecological balance. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of axial flow pumps in relation to fish species in water bodies for biodiversity and ecosystem services remain vital for nature conservation. In this paper, the impact of damage of the model pump on fish is exhaustively investigated according to the theory of blade impact model, impact probability, impact mortality, and mortality distribution under different working conditions. Through the simulation of the flow state inside the impeller, the areas that are lower than the pressure threshold, higher than the shear strain rate threshold, and higher than the pressure gradient threshold in the impeller at different flow rates are analyzed. Based on the unsteady results, the volume fluctuation characteristics of the three damage mechanisms in the impeller are analyzed. Furthermore, Powell vortex acoustic equation is used to locate the high noise source region of the axial flow pump. After extensive comparison of the dipole sound source intensity, it is revealed that the dipole noise source in the impeller and guide vane is dominant. In conclusion, this study provides a holistic perspective for evaluating fish damage caused by the flow in the impeller of the axial flow pump. Furthermore, it will proffer significant references to the construction of ecological water conservancy projects.

The issue of assessment of efficiency of works on land reclamation fisheries in inland waters of Russia

The article considers the issue of assessing the long-term results of work on fisheries reclamation in inland waters of fisheries significance in Russia, carried out by the branches of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Glavrybvod” on the state task in terms of their effectiveness. The relationship between dredging and clearing of watercourse beds and the dynamics of the number of producers of semi-navigable and non-aquatic fish in these rivers during spawning migrations has not been established. With long-term mowing of wetland vegetation in the shallow waters of reservoirs, deltas of large rivers and estuaries, there is no increase in their commercial fish productivity. A number of examples show the opposite effect of this type of work, which leads to a local deterioration of the ecological state of these reservoirs. At the same time, the repeatedly proven method of combating higher aquatic vegetation in the reservoirs of the south of Russia in low water conditions as biomelioration, based on the introduction of fish, consumers of autotrophic products by regional branches of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Glavrybvod” is practically not used. When installing artificial spawning grounds in the littoral zone of reservoirs, regular ichthyological monitoring of the effectiveness of spawning on them is not carried out. There are no reliable data confirming the significant positive impact of artificial spawning grounds on the population dynamics of commercial fish species of the limnophilic ecological group under conditions of significant spring water level depletion in Russian reservoirs. When catching predatory and low-value fish species in water bodies, legal obstacles arise due to the fact that the volume of seizure of predatory fish includes commercial objects for which the ODE is established annually and their catch is already carried out according to industrial quotas.

Інвазійні види риб у іхтіоценозах водойм Західного Полісся України

Purpose. To study ichthyocenoses, species composition and the current state of fish populations in water bodies of the Western Polissya of Ukraine by focusing on their changes under the effect of invasive fish species. Methodology. Ichthyological studies were carried out in natural and artificial water bodies for various purposes in the Western Polissya of Ukraine during 2007-2017. In particular, fish surveys were carried out using beach seins and gill nets with different mesh sizes in the karst lakes Svityaz and Pischane from the Shatskiy National Nature Park, channel lakes Lyubyaz and Nobel from the Pripyat River basin, right-bank tributaries of the Pripyat Rivers including Styr and Goryn Rivers, Khrinnitske reservoir from the Styr River basin, fish ponds of Bochanitsa village and Progress LLC (Goryn River basin). The material for the study were both the populations of native and invasive fish species. Findings. The results of our own studies and data of other authors highlighted the issue of the spread of invasive fish species in water bodies of the river-lake network of Western Polissya of Ukraine, presented the diagrams of the distribution of these fish in different water bodies of different origins of the above-mentioned region. Originality. The greatest threat to the abundance of aboriginal fish species in this region was found to be self-reproducing populations of the brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus), Amur sleeper (Percсottus glenіi), stone moroko or topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva), three-spined (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and nine-spined (Punguitius punguitius) sticklebacks. In particular, the composition of their gut content during the spawning period included 95% of eggs of fish species, which spawned in spring, as shown in the diagrams presented in this paper. Practical Value. The proposed measures to be carried out at the national and regional levels will help prevent the ingress of new invasions and mitigate the impact of the existing ones on the ichthyocenoses of the reservoirs of Western Polissya of Ukraine. Key words: ichthyocenoses, invasive fish species, aboriginal ichthyofauna, Western Polissya.

New Fish Species in Water Bodies of Northeastern European Russia

Changes in the composition of ichthyofauna of northeastern European Russia under the effect of biological invasions are analyzed. It is shown that alien invader fish species appeared in the water bodies of the region as a result of acclimatization measures (the Far Eastern pink salmon and Pechora peled in the White Sea basin, the Northern Dvina sterlet and Siberian sturgeon in the Pechora River), intentional (the pike perch) or accidental introduction (the Chinese sleeper), and expansion of species from the Caspian Sea (the white-eye bream and asp) or the Baltic Sea (asp). The results of analysis of long-term changes in the freshwater ichthyofauna show that the appearance of alien fish species in the water bodies of northeastern European Russia has led to an increase in the diversity of ichthyofauna, trophic competition with native species, deterioration of the fishery status an increased mortality risk for juvenile Atlantic salmon, and potential aggravation of the epizootic situation in the lower reaches of the Northern Dvina River. At the same time, the successful acclimatization of the Pechora peled in the White Sea basin has made it possible to develop a scheme for organizing full-cycle lake coregonid farms with the formation of peled brood stocks and local whitefish polyculture. Sturgeon species naturalized in the Onega and Pechora rivers may subsequently diversify the list of commercial fish species.

Стан популяцій реофільних видів риб водойм Поліського заповідника і його околиць

Стан популяцій реофільних видів риб водойм Поліського заповідника і його околиць

Distribution of alien fish species in water bodies of Omsk oblast

A spatiotemporal characterization of fish invasions in Omsk oblast is given on the basis of longterm studies of the ichthyofauna of water bodies and watercourses. Data on the invader species, introduction of alien species, and their self-dispersal, as well as the main invasive corridors in the region, are described.

Production and parasitological characteristics of invasive short-cycle fish species in water bodies on the eastern slope of the Southern Urals

In the course of planned or accidental fish intro� duction, rapid dispersal and range expansion are char� acteristic primarily of shortcycle species, i.e., small, early maturing fishes with partial spawning. A special place in the problem of population outbreaks and invasions belongs to the role of invasive species in the trophic structure of new biocenoses and also their role as carriers of some symbionts and parasites (Dge� baudze, 2002). The most prevalent invasive fish species in water bodies of the southern Transural region are the Amur sleeper ( Percottus glehni Dybowski, 1877), which appeared in waters of the region due to negligence of aquarists (Dubchak and Magazov, 2004) and widely dispersed in the 1980s, and the sunbleak (Leucaspius delineatus Heckel, 1843), which was brought in as eggs together with common carp spawners in the 1960 and has also dispersed widely since then (Korlyakov, 2008). The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus Linnaeus, 1758), introduced into Bol'shoi Kisegach Lake in the 1930s, has successfully acclimated in this deep, cold� water biotope (Korlyakov and Kolenova, 2005). In the upper Tobol River basin, some river biotopes are pop� ulated by the common bleak (Alburnus alburnus Lin� naeus, 1758), which was brought in due to fishstock� ing activities in the 1970s (Andreyashkin and Dobrin� skaya, 1988; Korlyakov, 2008). These four species, which naturally reproduce in the region, represent dif� ferent faunal complexes according to Nikol'skii's (1953) classification: the Amur sleeper came from the Amur River basin; the natural range of the common bleak and sunbleak is in the Volga basin; and the Euro� pean smelt, which lives in rivers of northern Europe, represents the arctic faunal complex.