Fire Prevention Management Research Articles

Fire and explosion risks in production workshops within craft village industrial clusters: A study in Huu Bang commune, Thach That district, Hanoi

Effectively managing risks will help businesses control and minimize damages when risks occur by timely implementing appropriate and pre-prepared response solutions. However, in industrial zones in general and craft village industrial clusters in particular, risk management and fire prevention have not been well implemented, leading to many fire and explosion incidents, causing significant human and material losses, pushing businesses into difficulties and losses. Researching and investigating fire prevention and risk management in explosions helps businesses in craft village clusters gain awareness of fire and explosion risks, understand the causes, and have methods to reduce the risk of fire and explosion in their production workshops. It also disseminates preventive measures for fire and explosion risks to all businesses in the woodworking craft village cluster of Huu Bang Commune, Thach That District, Hanoi.

Effect of unpowered ventilation caps and shaft parameters on fire smoke spread in the natural ventilation tunnel with shafts

Shaft-type natural ventilation offer a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to mechanical systems for the mitigation of smoke hazards. This study investigated the behavior of smoke with the application of unpowered ventilation caps in 1/15 scale shallow-buried urban road tunnels with shafts, and analyzed parameters such as the shaft axis wheelbase, shaft width, shaft width-to-height ratio, and heat release rate (HRR). The results show that the dimensionless HRR as an independent relationship with the dimensionless ceiling temperature rise in both the presence and absence of the unpowered ventilation cap. According to the experimental results, dimensionless length of smoke backlayering increases significantly with the increase of the HRR. In addition, the smoke backlayering length is positively correlated with the shaft width, and the backlayering length decreases and then increases with increases of the axis wheelbase. Moreover, the chimney effect is facilitated with the shaft height increase, which enhances exhaust effect, and the backlayering length decreases with the increase in the shaft height when the aspect ratio is greater than 0.5. Once the critical shaft width-to-height ratio is reached, the change in the shaft height no longer has an effect on the backlayering length. Finally, a dimensionless backlayering length calculation model based on the shaft parameters with different shaft exhaust effects is developed by combining the discriminant factors. The findings have crucial implications for fire prevention and safety management, and provide a valuable reference for future studies and engineering applications.

Forest Fire Driving Factors and Fire Risk Zoning Based on an Optimal Parameter Logistic Regression Model: A Case Study of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China

Planning the analyses of the spatial distribution and driving factors of forest fires and regionalizing fire risks is an important part of forest fire management. Based on the Landsat-8 active fire dataset of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2014 to 2021, this paper proposes an optimal parameter logistic regression (OPLR) model, conducts forest fire risk zoning research under the optimal spatial analysis scale and model parameters, and establishes a forest fire risk prediction model. The results showed that the spatial unit of the optimal spatial analysis scale in the study area was 5 km and that the prediction accuracy of the OPLR was about 81%. The climate was the main driving factor of forest fires, while temperature had the greatest influence on the probability of forest fires. According to the forest fire prediction model, mapping the fire risk zoning, in which the medium- and high-risk area was 6021.13 km2, accounted for 9.99% of the study area. The results contribute to a better understanding of forest fire management based on the local environmental characteristics of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and provide a reference for related forest fire prevention and control management.

Pengaruh Pemberian Buku Saku Kendali Kebakaran (Busa Kekar) Terhadap Pengetahuan Kebakaran Karyawan Teknik PT Konimex

The Pharmaceutical Industry has a high risk of fire initiated by flammable chemicals, electrical energy and heat energy for production purposes. Fire Prevention Management must be carried out to manage the energy that causes fires. Fire prevention efforts, such as increased knowledge, availability of fire prevention infrastructure, and simulation activities, need to be conducted to increase the alertness of workers. Workers have an essential role in dealing with fires. Workers in engineering departments with activities that carry many risks of burning must be given knowledge in dealing with fires. They need to understand and analyse hazardous conditions in the workplace to apply fire extinguisher measures in the workplace. This study provides an intervention in the Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR) and its effect on fire control knowledge among technical employees at PT Konimex. A quasi-experimental method with a research design in the form of a posttest-only control design was used in this study. The experimental group was given intervention in the form of a Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR), while the control group was not assigned any intervention. The Experimental Group consisted of 35 people. Analysis of the Mann-Whitney test was carried out on the post-test results of the experimental group and the control group. There was an effect of giving the Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR) intervention on fire knowledge between the experimental group and the control group (p = 0.000).

Seasonal fire danger forecasts for supporting fire prevention management in an eastern Mediterranean environment: the case of Attica, Greece

Abstract. Forest fires constitute a major environmental and socioeconomic hazard in the Mediterranean. Weather and climate are among the main factors influencing forest fire potential. As fire danger is expected to increase under changing climate, seasonal forecasting of meteorological conditions conductive to fires is of paramount importance for implementing effective fire prevention policies. The aim of the current study is to provide high-resolution (∼9 km) probabilistic seasonal fire danger forecasts, utilizing the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) for the Attica region, one of the most fire-prone regions in Greece and the Mediterranean, employing the fifth-generation ECMWF seasonal forecasting system (SEAS5). Results indicate that, depending on the lead time of the forecast, both the FWI and ISI (Initial Spread Index) present statistically significant high discrimination scores and can be considered reliable in predicting above-normal fire danger conditions. When comparing the year-by-year fire danger predictions with the historical fire occurrence recorded by the Hellenic Fire Service database, both seasonal FWI and ISI forecasts are skilful in identifying years with a high number of fire occurrences. Overall, fire danger and its subcomponents can potentially be exploited by regional authorities in fire prevention management regarding preparedness and resources allocation.

Strong winds drive grassland fires in China

Accounting for 41.7% of China’s total land area, grasslands are linked to the livelihoods of over 20 million people. Although grassland fires cause severe damage in China every year, their spatiotemporal patterns and climate drivers are not well understood. In this study, we used grassland fire record forms provided by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration and grassland fire location data from the Wildfire Atlas of China to examine the spatiotemporal patterns and and seasonality of fires in China for the period from 2008 to 2020. We found that most grassland fires occurred in Inner Mongolia in northern China, specifically in the Hulun Buir and Xilingol grasslands. We found distinct differences in fire seasonality in northern China, which has a major fire season in April, versus southwestern China, where the major fire season occurs in February, March and April. April grassland fires in northern China are the result of strong winds, typically from the west, and spring drought. A secondary fire season in northern China occurs in October and is also driven by strong winds. The fire season in southwestern China seems to be less shaped by climatic factors such as wind speed, precipitation, and drought. This study provides support for decision-making by fire prevention and fire management authorities in China.

The Trend of Burn Injury Patients in Ningbo between 2012 and 2021: A Clinical Study.

Objective This study was designed to understand the local changes of burn injuries in recent 10 years, so as to provide reliable reference data and viewpoints for prevention and vigilance of local burn injuries. Methods In this study, 184 patients with a burn injury admitted to our hospital from 2012 to 2021 were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. According to their information in the electronic database, the number of patients with burn injuries and the location of each disaster each year were analyzed, and the age, sex, hospital stay and hospitalization expense of each patient were collected. With 5 years as the boundary, the patients were divided into a 2012–2016 group and a 2017–2021 group and the differences of the two groups in the abovementioned aspects were compared. Results During 2012–2021, the incidence rate of burn injuries in men was higher than that in women and workplaces had a higher burn injury rate than residents' homes. Compared with the period of 2012–2016, the number of fires or explosions and the number of patients with a burn injury during 2017–2028 both increased, but there was no significant change in disaster location, male-female ratio, age, average hospital stay, and average hospitalization expense. Conclusion In the face of the increasing prevalence of burn injuries, we should strengthen fire-fighting knowledge-related education and fire prevention management and actively explore post-burn injury treatment strategies and potential treatment targets to promote the development of burn injury management and treatment strategies.

Lesson Learned From The 2019 Peatland Fire In Tumbang Nusa Area, Indonesia

Regionally, the Tumbang Nusa area consists of Tumbang Nusa village and Tanjung Taruna which also include a special research forest area under the management of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The area is a peatland with a peat soil depth between 2-8 meters so that is representative of the impacts of peat fire events on areas of moderate until deep peat depth. Experience from fire events at the mentions area in 2019 can be used to guide improvements in fire prevention strategies and management plans for preventing future surface and peat fires. Our research has shown that reducing the probability of a fire occurring requires an understanding of the socio-economic factors, such as human activities which ignite fires. This should be coupled with an understanding of the supporting biophysical and social factors including peatland characteristics, involvement of fire brigades, police and army, management of fuel, local fire danger rating, fire equipment, institutional capacity, suppression response, and post-fire action. All of these learning elements can improve prevention techniques at the village level.

Research on Computer Realization of Building Fire Safety Assessment

Fire is a kind of sporadic local disaster phenomenon. The building fire in the fire has brought very serious losses to people’s life and property. With the increase of the urban population, the increase of the number of building floors, the increase of the density of urban settlements, and the widespread use of electrical, natural gas and chemical substances in buildings, the possibility of fire and the losses caused by the building are also increasing, especially some houses of longer construction age, lack of fire fighting facilities and serious consequences in the event of fire. In recent years, computer technology has been applied to a certain extent in all fields of our country. The effective use of computer technology has further improved the technical level of building fire safety management, and then realized the automatic management of building fire prevention to some extent. In this case, the fire prevention management of buildings has higher sensitivity and safety, which brings more protection to the safety of people’s lives and property. To understand the application of computer technology in building fire safety management, and then to better apply computer technology, can promote the development of building fire safety management.

The Evaluation of Community Participation and Sudin Fire Management and City Saving Administration Jakarta Utara in Fire Prevention in Kecamatan Tanjung Priuk Jakarta Utara

This research is to determine the level of community participation in fire prevention management in Tanjung Priuk District, North Jakarta Administrative City. The theory used in this research is Arnsteint Theorie's which is quoted by M.Nuh which was the former minister of National Education, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono era, it is an ideal theroy to determine the level of community participation. The research method is qualitative to obtain main data from interviewees. The description of the research is to get main data from valid interviewees who get envolve in prevention and fire management, also has been support by data of the field studies. Then analyze by triangulation process, to determine the level of community participation. The research indicates that the level of community participations in fire prevention in Tanjung Priuk District is informing, consulting and promising the programs to educate the community on fire and fire exhinguish drill, as well it will be an annual year. In the management process, the community is in the sevent step of the second level because the community has been the partners of the fire fighter in the scene. The community can extinguish the fire in the initial stage of fire growth.

ANALYSIS OF SAFETY SYSTEM RELIABILITY KI HADJAR DEWANTARA MAKO KODICLATAL BUILDING TOWARDS FIRE HAZARDS PREVENTION

Designing a fire prevention inspection system in buildings is very necessary, to determine the level of reliability. The fire prevention management system uses the following criteria: precautionary measures and preventive supervision against fire hazards. The assessment of the system design is carried out by means of a questionnaire for respondents who understand / are experts in fire problems, and the application of the system design uses direct surveys and questionnaires to the building manager. The assessment is carried out at the smallest level. Analysis of the building reliability inspection system in fire prevention using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the criteria used are: prevention, limitation and extinguishing against fire. The fire prevention management system uses the following criteria: precautionary measures and preventive supervision against fire hazards. The results of the reliability inspection of the Ki Hadjar Dewantara Mako Kodiklatal building in Surabaya with a value of 94.06% indicated that the reliability system was in the "Less Reliable" category for fire hazard prevention. 
 
 Keywords: Inspection, fire prevention, reliability.

Role of Home Location in Fire Disaster Prevention Management

Location of home plays an important role in a fire disaster prevention management program. The objective of this management program is to determine the reduction in the number of fires by changing the home location from high to low fire potential. 21 volunteers are asked to participate in the survey. They visited 42 homes. From their experience and subjective opinion, the following results are obtained. The fatalities are reduced from 100 to 17 when the location of the home is changed from high history of low historical areas. Thus, it is concluded that statistically there is a significant reduction in the fatalities as shown below. The above conclusion is supported by the following statistical indicators. The p-score, one tailed t value, and standard deviation are 0.0%, 199.01 and 2.89 respectively.

Studi Literatur Pencegahan Bahaya Kebakaran pada Pemukiman Masyarakat Suku Baduy dan Penerapannya

<p class="Abstract"><em>Cultural heritage areas in the form of historic urban villages are part of the country's wealth that deserves to be preserved. The value and authenticity of settlements is the focus of conservation measures. Protocol Hoi Ana in 2009 explained the dimensions of cultural heritage. This dimension is divided into two: first, dimensions that are visible, in the form of visual, visible, building material, location, place settings, and others. Second, the dimensions of values contained in cultural heritage, in the form of history, spirit of place and others. The authenticity and whereabouts of historic villages in a city have so far decreased in number and seem to disappear with frequent cases of fires that damage this cultural heritage area. From the data collected, there are various causes of fires in the historic urban village. The main focus is related to the low level of public awareness, among others: negligence due to the fall of candles, transformer explosions, excessive use of currents, low awareness of the causes of electricity theft practices which often lead to short circuits which cause fires that cause casualties, damage to urban areas and historical buildings in it. The historic city village is a property of the nation and state. The community has the same responsibility in a community to save and preserve it. This paper reviews various literature studies related to the role of the community in preventing the danger of fire in cultural heritage areas that have been home to tens or even hundreds of years. With the existence of knowledge and sense of ownership by the community, it is hoped that fire prevention management in the historic township can be applied and its sustainability carried out.</em></p>

A Study on Living Characteristics and Housing Service Needs of Single Person Households

The purpose of this study is to identify living characteristics and needs for housing services that can contribute to the improvement of quality of life of single person households. Online survey was conducted between May 9 and 16, 2019 for residents over 20 years of age in Seoul and the metropolitan area with the highest single-person household ratio, and 463 responses were used for the final analysis. The conclusions are as follows: First, the living problems that singleperson households perceived the most were social activities and relationships. Therefore, it is required to develop a service that can support the social activity and relationship formation in one person households. Second, respondents had high demands for exercise space provision, program operation, health/diet management among daily living support services. Among housing management support services, respondents had high demands for fire disaster prevention facilities and management, security/safety facilities and personnel. Third, while single-person households had the highest perception of problems in social activities and relationships, the demand for community-vitalization was the lowest. Fourth, single-person households were prominent in the problem of housekeeping due to lack of space and lifestyle, and in connection with this, they demanded services such as goods storage, storage consulting, and home repair consulting.

Seasonal influences on bacterial community dynamics in Mediterranean pyrophytic ecosystems

Cistus ladanifer scrublands are one of the most characteristic Mediterranean ecosystems. However, these pyrophytic scrublands, are severely affected by wildfires. To reduce this threat, fire prevention management practices are needed to protect these ecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of management treatments on bacterial richness, abundance and community composition over the time. Plots were stablished in three different stands with different site histories: (a) an eight-year-old stand regenerated after a wildfire; (b) an eight-year-old stand that developed after the total clearing of the previous stand; and (c) a 20-year-old stand that developed following a wildfire. Considered management treatments were total clearing, 50% clearing and controlled burning. Our results revealed that bacterial richness, abundance and community composition were affected by site history and differed among seasons, whereas fire prevention treatments had only a minor effect and did not significantly affect bacterial richness. An absence the management effects suggest that active management does not affect bacterial communities dramatically, supporting active management to rejuvenate senescent stands and to create clearings in young stands. Thus, these practices could reduce the probability of forest wildfires increasing bacterial richness and abundance and growing habitat heterogeneity.

Efficient Management and Application of Mine Fire Prevention Data

In view of the current monitoring and effect investigation of coal seam fire prevention measures and technologies, it has the characteristics of numerous on-site observation points, large data volume, poor effectiveness and low efficiency, which brings great difficulties to the analysis of coal seam fire prevention situation. In this paper, the arrangement of observation points of coal seam fire prevention measures or technical requirements is combined with the result of fire prevention data processing to avoid the isolation of fire prevention data analysis. It can directly show the data, curve and changing trend of coal seam fire prevention and extinguishing in the measuring point layout. It can timely and effectively put forward the corresponding coal seam fire prevention measures to improve the mine fire prevention management measures.

Research on fire prevention and extinguishing technology in underhand working face of easy spontaneous combustion coal seam

The management of fire prevention and extinguishing in goaf becomes a major problem due to short spontaneous combustion period, poor roof caving conditions, large air leakage in goaf and difficulties for grouting. Oxygen consumption rate and the productivity of carbon monoxide are measured through the XK-VI spontaneous combustion test-bed, while prediction index gas for spontaneous combustion of the coal is obtained. Through the engineering practice test, the range of the gob “triple-zone” under the condition of nitrogen injection is acquired. Take 113101 working face of Bojianghaizi coal mine as an example. The method for detecting the fire prevention effect is to inject nitrogen into the goaf, supplemented by measures such as forced anchoring in the intake and return wind lane, constructed of the sandbags separation wall, and embedded the beam tube through the goaf. The volume fraction of carbon monoxide in the return corner and the R2 value are used as predictors of fire prevention. Engineering practice test shows that there is no danger of spontaneous combustion in the working face when the volume fraction of carbon monoxide in the return corner is less than 200*10−6 and the value of R2 is less than 0.2. The process has reference significance for the fire prevention management of the Bojianghaizi Mine and other similar conditions.

Противопожарная профилактика лесных объектов

Forest fires cause significant damage to the countries’ economy, which is not always possible to be represented by specific numbers. The forest fires’ prevention is one of the high-priority issues of forestry. A certain operation sequence at a forest site will help in implementing the system approach in the development and implementation of a set of measures to ensure fire prevention of the forest site. The success of the fire safety system depends on the effective analysis of situation at the time of its development, which begins with the study of the forest fund state based on the latest forest management measures. Changes in the forest fund of the forest site are updated at field observation. Timelines and standard of forestry measures’ performance are assessed, as well as the state of fire safety on the forest site. The fire prevention management cartographic document of the site with indication of order and timing of actions gives real information for opera-tional staff work. Testing the system of fire prevention measures on the example of the Borovskaya Forest Dacha of the Bryansk Military Forestry according to the developed uniform algorithm of effective actions has shown its reliability and sufficiently high efficiency.For citation: Ivanov V.P., Marchenko S.I., Nartov D.I. Fire Prevention Measures for Forest Sites. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Forestry Journal], 2019, no. 3, pp. 43–54. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2019.3.43

Establishing a Risk Assessment Scenario for Fire Prevention and Safety Management in Underground Urban Utility Tunnels

Establishing a Risk Assessment Scenario for Fire Prevention and Safety Management in Underground Urban Utility Tunnels

Modeling anthropogenic and natural fire ignitions in an inner-alpine valley

Abstract. Modeling and assessing the factors that drive forest fire ignitions is critical for fire prevention and sustainable ecosystem management. In southern Europe, the anthropogenic component of wildland fire ignitions is especially relevant. In the Alps, however, the role of fire as a component of disturbance regimes in forest and grassland ecosystems is poorly known. The aim of this work is to model the probability of fire ignition for an Alpine region in Italy using a regional wildfire archive (1995–2009) and MaxEnt modeling. We analyzed separately (i) winter forest fires, (ii) winter fires on grasslands and fallow land, and (iii) summer fires. Predictors were related to morphology, climate, and land use; distance from infrastructures, number of farms, and number of grazing animals were used as proxies for the anthropogenic component. Collinearity among predictors was reduced by a principal component analysis. Regarding ignitions, 30 % occurred in agricultural areas and 24 % in forests. Ignitions peaked in the late winter–early spring. Negligence from agrosilvicultural activities was the main cause of ignition (64 %); lightning accounted for 9 % of causes across the study time frame, but increased from 6 to 10 % between the first and second period of analysis. Models for all groups of fire had a high goodness of fit (AUC 0.90–0.95). Temperature was proportional to the probability of ignition, and precipitation was inversely proportional. Proximity from infrastructures had an effect only on winter fires, while the density of grazing animals had a remarkably different effect on summer (positive correlation) and winter (negative) fires. Implications are discussed regarding climate change, fire regime changes, and silvicultural prevention. Such a spatially explicit approach allows us to carry out spatially targeted fire management strategies and may assist in developing better fire management plans.