Fine Work Research Articles

PACMNET, V2, CoNEXT4, December 2024 Editorial

The Proceedings of the ACM on Networking (PACMNET) series showcases top-tier research in emerging computer networks and their applications. We welcome submissions introducing new technologies, innovative experiments, creative applications of networking technologies, and fresh insights gained through analysis. Supported by the ACM Special Interest Group on Communications and Computer Networks (SIGCOMM), the journal is backed by a distinguished Editorial Board composed of leading researchers in the field. This issue concludes the second volume of PACMNET which in total published 32 articles, with a growth of 25% compared to the first volume. This issue features 18 articles, all submitted by the June 2024 deadline when a total of 121 submissions were received. Each submission underwent a thorough review process involving over 80 Editors, coordinated by two Associate Editors. In the initial phase, every article received a minimum of three reviews. Following an online discussion, roughly half of the submissions were rejected, while the other half advanced to a second review phase. In this phase, Editors produced at least two additional reviews per article. After a further discussion and remote Editors' meeting, 18 articles were chosen for publication and appear in this issue. Topics include network measurement, security, and privacy of both traditional and novel networking technologies. From a methodological perspective, machine learning and artificial intelligence-based solutions are predominant. All papers include a thorough set of experiments to validate the proposed solutions. We would like to express our gratitude to all those who contributed to this issue of PACMNET, especially the Authors for submitting their finest work and the Associate Editors for offering valuable feedback in their reviews and engaging in the discussions. Our thanks also go to the SIGCOMM Executive Committee Chair and the CoNEXT Steering Committee members for their continued support and guidance, providing essential suggestions and insights throughout the article selection process.

Effect of ultrasonic shot peening on the microstructure, surface residual stress, and wear properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

In this study, ultrasonic shot peening (USP) was used to enhance the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Samples treated with different amplitudes were characterized and their wear resistance was tested and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the surface morphology of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy changed significantly after USP treatment, and the surface roughness increases at first, then stabilizes as the amplitude increases. The surface grain of the material is refined due to severe plastic deformation, and the average grain size after USP treatment is 27.93% finer than the original sample. Due to the effect of fine grain strengthening and work hardening, the microhardness of the material's near-surface layer is also enhanced in varying degrees, showing a gradient decrease throughout the depth of the cross-section. Furthermore, USP produces compressive residual stress as high as −791.01 MPa in the near-surface layer. When the USP amplitude is 80% and the treatment time is 240 s, the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is substantially enhanced under the combined action of hardness, compressive residual stress, and surface pits, reducing wear resistance. The wear mechanism is primarily abrasive wear and oxidation wear.

Effectiveness of Internet + E-Coach chronic disease management on blood glucose, lipid levels, liver function, and quality of life in patients with chronic diabetic retinopathy: a comparative study

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the effect of Internet + E-Coach chronic disease system intervention on fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), triglyceride (TG), alanine transaminase (ALT) and quality of life in patients with chronic diabetic retinopathy.Methods208 patients with chronic diabetic retinopathy who were treated in the hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 are chosen and separated into two groups by random number Table 104 patients in the control group received routine continuous intervention, and the research group received Internet + E-Coach chronic disease system intervention. The cognition of disease related knowledge, blood related indicators inflammatory factor levels and improvement of life quality between the two groups before intervention, 6 and 12 months after intervention were compared.ResultsBefore the intervention, the comparison between the two groups in disease related knowledge scores, blood glucose, blood lipid, liver function indicators, inflammatory factor, and low vision quality of life scale (CLVQOL) scores was with P > 0.05. After 6 and 12 months of intervention, the research group had significantly higher scores for basic blood glucose intervention, healthy diet, reasonable exercise, and correct medication use compared to the control group (P < 0.05). FPG, 2hPG, TG and ALT in the research group were lower than those in the control group. FINS were higher in the control group, with P < 0.05. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in the research group were obviously lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The scores of far vision, movement and light perception, adjustment ability, reading and fine work, and daily living ability in the research group were higher than those in the control group, with P < 0.05.ConclusionThe intervention of Internet + E-Coach chronic disease system can improve the knowledge of chronic diabetic retinopathy patients about their own condition, stabilize the levels of blood sugar, blood lipid and liver function indicators, reduce the inflammatory reaction of the body, and improve the quality of life.

Probe into the Symbolic Significance of Cultural Symbols and Traditional Crafts of Huizhou Lacquerware

Through the analysis of the development course and regional characteristics of Huizhou lacquerware, this paper reveals its unique artistic characteristics and the profound cultural value behind it. This paper introduces the whole process of Huizhou lacquerware from raw material selection to finished product production in detail, and discusses the inheritance status and challenges of this process in contemporary society. It is found that Huizhou lacquerware is not only a fine work of art, but also an important medium to convey the essence of China culture.

The problem of the variable in Quine's perspicuous lingua franca of the sciences

AbstractSome 55 years after the publication of Russell's seminal ‘On Denoting’, Quine adopted the theory of definite descriptions presented therein to formulate his perspicuous lingua franca for the sciences. This paper illustrates how, in so doing, Quine's lingua franca inherited an old antinomy at the core of Russell's theory of definite descriptions, specifically, the lack of congruency between notation and metaphysical commitments when the variable assumes the role of fundamental singular reference. In this context, the paper contends that the phrase ‘to be is purely and simply to be the value of the variable’ is far from the straightforward solution Quine initially envisioned for his lingua franca. Additionally, it argues that it is unlikely that an attempt to account for a determinate object theory, such as those propounded by Russell and Quine, can prove successful when grounded in a referential theory of quantificational logic where the variable, seen as a simple range of values, holds fundamental singular referent‐position. The paper concludes by suggesting that Meinong's object theory could resolve the problem of the variable, albeit at the cost of potentially undesirable ontological and logical commitments. Alternatively, Kit Fine's recent work on other antinomies in the variable may provide a promising approach to exploring how to salvage the variable as a formal foundation for ontology.

Kreativitas Keterampilan Seni Rupa Peserta Didik Di Kelas Salak di TK Pembina 1 Medan

Fine arts education in kindergarten (TK) has an important role in developing students' creativity and fine arts skills. This research aims to describe the creativity of students' fine arts skills in the Salak class at Kindergarten Pembina 1 Medan. The research method used is qualitative with observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results of the research show that students in the Salak class have different levels of creativity in fine arts skills. This can be seen from the diversity of their fine art works, both in terms of shape, color and techniques used. Factors that influence the creativity of students' fine arts skills include interest, talent and stimulus provided by the teacher. Teachers need to provide appropriate stimulus that is appropriate to the students' level of development so that they can develop their creativity and fine arts skills optimally.

Planning for the Implementation of Fine Motor Work Therapy Activities for Special Needs Pupils

Occupational therapy activities can assist pupils with special needs in resolving some of their fine motor issues. Teachers should increase special needs pupils' pre-writing preparation with planned and structured activities that are methodical and have increasing qualities. This study aimed to observe how far Special Education teachers could go in planning appropriate activities based on their pupils' abilities by selecting occupational therapy activities and then sharing the potential impact expectations of fine motor ability of special needs pupils, particularly pupils with learning difficulties. This is a qualitative study that employs the hands-on method, observation, discussion, and interviews with 41 teachers and 17 pupil management assistants who participated in a continuous professional development course, which the researcher conducted at the Institute of Teacher Education Campus level and were able to produce a planning of activities that has the learned characteristics of advanced tolerance, focus, adaptability, and choosing the simplest to most complex occupational therapy activities. Furthermore, teachers can share the outcomes of activity planning and group discussion, as well as set expectations for the potential of the targeted pupils. Finally, this study suggests that special education teachers should collaborate and receive professionalism training on an ongoing basis to foster the proliferation of ideas and skills in planning appropriate activities to improve the fine motor skills of pupils with special needs.

Studi Deskriptif Karya Seni Rupa Berbahn Clay Tepung

This study aims to describe the process of making art works made from clay flour and works of fine art made from clay flour in class IV A SDN 32 Bengkulu City. This type of research is qualitative, with participant observation techniques, and qualitative descriptive method. The research subjects were all students of class IV A 32 elemnetary school in Bengkulu City, totaling 20 students. The research instrument used was a human instrument (the researcher himself), by using observation guidelines and interview guidlines. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out during the process of making the work and after the work was finished by referring to the fine arts elements and the principles of fine arts. Research results are (1)the process of making fine works of clay flour begins with preparing the tools and materials used, namely scissors, cutter, small rollers, straw, pins, toothpicks, cutton bud handles, ruler, lighters and painting brushes, followed by the implementation of making works from determining the theme, making shapes out of clay’s flour dough, laying out and arranging the forms that have been made and drying the work. (2) The results of artwork made with flour clay has used the guidelines elements of fine arts and the principles of fine arts, namely the elements of point, lines, fields, shapes, colors, textures and space. Then, the principle of unity, balance, rhythm, emphasis, proportion, and harmony.

‘Lay of the land’: a descriptive look at art practice dissertations 2018–2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to describe the descriptive and dynamic characteristics of the role that practice currently plays in fine art doctoral dissertations. We examined fine art dissertations published in the ProQuest Global database from 2018 to 2021, guided by the methodological design of a qualitative meta-study. The descriptive and dynamic characteristics of each dissertation were analyzed. The results of the descriptive analysis indicate that the role of practice in art doctoral dissertations is active, particularly in the United Kingdom, and it is used within a variety of art disciplines. The results regarding the dynamic characteristics of practice dissertations underscore the issues of medium, emerging methodologies, and the complexity of assigning practice-type categories to research. In summary, practice-based research within art doctoral research plays a significant role in both its use and contributions to the dynamics of a dissertation. By considering the challenges of increasing the clarity of concepts, understanding the issues associated with word count, the development of taxonomies for focusing research, giving greater attention to writing abstracts, and encouraging increased publication in academic journals, practice dissertations will continue to play an important role in fine art doctoral work.

Metaphorical Interpretation of Early Works of Art Using Symbolization Methods

Abstract The unique style of early works of fine art depends on the infinite derivation of the image factor symbols metaphorically behind them, so the symbolic interpretation of early works of fine art is a search for the missing beauty of contemporary art. In this paper, we start from multi-scale association rules, use Gaussian pyramid and cubic convolution methods to extract image metaphor features in fine art works, and weight the features. Based on Putschke’s emotion classification, a multimodal metaphor dataset is constructed. The symbolization method is used to represent the symbolic emotions in the art works, and then the bidirectional Bi-LSTM model is used for recognition. On this basis, using the model constructed in this paper, the symbolic and imagery features of art works are analyzed, and the symbolic techniques of art works are interpreted from three perspectives: brushstroke, color, and spatial metaphor. Structural metaphors in fine art works contain 40% neutral emotions, followed by 36.4% positive emotions. Stroke A has a higher mean score at 3 and 4 line sample points, respectively, of -1.1646 and -1.1106, and the emotions triggered by these two line samples are more significant. Interpreting early art works can help enhance the aesthetics of contemporary art for modern audiences.

Virtual Reality Enables the Dissemination and Preservation of Early Works of Art

Abstract With the rapid development of digitalization and information technology, virtual reality (VR) technology has shown unique potential in disseminating and conserving early works of fine art, changing people’s traditional ways of appreciating and conserving fine art. The article examines the use of virtual reality technology in disseminating and preserving early works of art. The objective is to improve the accessibility and conservation efficiency of art works by using digitization methods. The study uses VR technology to digitize works that are more vivid and easy to disseminate in terms of visual communication, with a 35% increase in audience acceptance, and digital protection effectively reduces the rate of work attrition to about 20%. Through empirical analysis, it has been found that the digital platform that relies on VR technology improves art works’ dissemination effect and protection efficiency. Virtual reality technology is effective at protecting and disseminating early works of fine art, promoting the public’s appreciation and understanding of art, and providing a new method for the digital transformation of fine art works.

Research on the Influencing Factors of Artistic Creation of Fine Arts Painting in the Context of Visual Culture

Abstract The creators of fine art painting art are often affected by the conceptualization and imagination factors, expression techniques and methods, as well as the influence of theme and subject selection, etc., and they are unable to commit themselves to the expression of artistic power and infectious power of fine art painting works. This paper constructs the PLS-SEM and BN combined structural equation model in the context of visual culture, analyzes the latent variables in the path relationship with PLS-SEM for empirical testing, and predicts and diagnoses the causal relationship between the variables with the Bayesian network. Finally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the major fine art painting art creation groups in Guangzhou, China, and the influence factors of fine art painting creation were extracted using principal component analysis. The constructed model is combined with the collected data for empirical analysis. The β coefficients of the influence paths of the factors are all greater than 0.42 and significant at least at the 0.05 level, and the creative motivation, creative environment, personal artistic level, art industry environment, and painting artistic skill all positively influence the fine art painting artistic creation outcome. When the level of artistic achievement in art painting and drawing is “high”, the probability that the level of the art industry environment and creative environment is high is higher, with probabilities of 0.742 and 0.701. When the level of personal artistic level is “high”, the probability that the level of creative motivation is “high” is greater than 0.42 and significant at least at the 0.05 level. When the individual’s artistic level is “high”, the level of creative motivation is more likely to be “high,” with a probability of 0.726. This study allows the timeliness and dynamics of painting to be harmonized and linked with the painter and provides certain references for the improvement of the artistic skills and creative level of the creator of the painting.

Monumental mosaics as places of memory in public spaces of Ukraine

Background. Modernist monumental mosaics as an intrinsic part of Soviet cultural heritage are ubiquitously present all over the urban environments of Ukraine. With rare exceptions, they remain predominantly unacknowledged as being valuable objects of cultural heritage. Many fine works of monumental art are already lost and others remain under constant threat. The precarious situation of modernist mosaics calls for a thorough reexamination of a complex situation with memory politics in Ukraine overall. The goal of this article is to explore the theoretical-methodological framework of memory studies for its applicability to the analysis of socio-cultural value of Soviet monumental modernist mosaics within the context of their destruction by the ongoing process of commercialization and decommunization of public spaces in post-socialist cities. The research objectives are to investigate the current status of modernist mosaics within contemporary Ukrainian heritage preservation discourse and conceptualize it within the memory studies framework. Methods. Case studies, narrative and textual analysis, interdisciplinary integration of cultural and memory studies, application of the "collective memory" approach, synthesis of "postmemory" and "places of memory" concepts. Results. Created by Ukrainian monumental artists of the Soviet period, modernist mosaics are already deeply embedded within the urban environment. Within the framework of memory studies, modernist mosaics may serve as 'places of memory' of that particular period of history and in that way contribute to its reinterpretation and further formation of the complete image of city memory and of inclusive memory politics of Ukraine. Conclusions. The theoretical-methodological framework of memory studies appears to be an appropriate tool for analysis of socio-cultural value of monumental mosaics. There is a necessity for further inquiries into this field and its further engagement in the development of Ukrainian heritage preservation discourse.

Studi Deskriptif Pemanfaatan Sampah Anorganik Dalam Membuat Karya Benda Konstruksi

This study aims to describe the process of utilizing inorganic waste in making construction work and the results of using inorganic waste in making construction work in class IV B SDN 45 Bengkulu City. This type of research is qualitative research, with participant observation techniques, and qualitative descriptive methods. The subjects in this study were all students of class IV B SDN 45 Bengkulu City, totaling 26 students. The research instrument used was a human instrument (the researcher himself), using observation guidelines and interview guidelines. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out during the process of making the work and after the work was finished by referring to the fine arts elements and the principles of fine arts. The results of the study are (1) The process of making construction art objects begins with preparing the materials and tools used, namely colorful straws, white glue, pedestals / scissors, and scissors / cutter, followed by the implementation of making works from preparing several slabs of straws , making the size of each slatted straw, gluing plates together, and developing variations in shape. (2) The results of construction works made using the art elements guidelines as well as visual art principles, namely point, line, shape, shape, color, texture, dark light. Then, the principle of unity, balance, rhythm, emphasis, proportion, and harmony / harmony. Keywords: Fine Art Work, Utilization of Inorganic Waste, Construction Objects

Pierre Gassendi: Humanism, Science, and the Birth of Modern Philosophy

Pierre Gassendi: Humanism, Science, and the Birth of Modern Philosophy

Systematic investigation of the microstructure evolution and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms of as-cast Fe–TiB2 composites under different hot deformation parameters

Fe–TiB2 composite shows great potential in lightweight materials for automotive parts due to its lightweight, high strength and high specific modulus etc. However, challenges remain with regard to establishing a fine hot working process of Fe–TiB2 composites. Here, a series of isothermal hot compression tests was conducted to systematically investigate the microstructure evolution and the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanisms of as-cast Fe–TiB2 composites at different sets of hot deformation parameters. The results indicate the true stress drops more significantly after reaching its peak at low temperatures compared to high temperatures, since low temperatures favors the DRX through particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) in Fe–TiB2 composites, as featured by layers of DRXed grains surrounding TiB2 particles. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) process gradually dominates as strain rate increase from 0.01 s−1 to 1 s−1 in Fe–TiB2 composites hot compressed to the true strain of 0.69 at 900 °C, as evidenced by the presence of DRXed grains with larger size and uniform distribution in matrix. DRX through PSN is the primary DRX mechanism at low temperature and low strain rate, while CDRX dominates the DRX mechanism at high temperature and high strain rate. Both DRX behaviors deepen with the increase of the strain. Different hot deformation parameters favor different DRX mechanisms. The increase in temperature and strain rate leads to a transition of the dominant recrystallization mechanism from the DRX through PSN to CDRX which is attributed to the competition for stored energy between the DRX through PSN and CDRX process.

Impact of special software training on quality of life among people with visual impairment.

To evaluate the impact of special software training in computer and smartphone apps as a form of rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of individuals with visual impairment (VI). The study utilized a one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 50 individuals aged 15 years and older with VI participated in the training, which included special software (NVDA) and mobile app training for 60 hours at the Visual Rehabilitation Center. The Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire was administered before the start of training and six months after completion. The questionnaire covered the following domains: (1) mobility, distance vision, and lighting; (2) reading and fine work; (3) social well-being; (4) economic impact; (5) attitude toward life; and (6) activities of daily living. Statistical software STATA 14.0 (Texas, USA) was used for data analysis. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were conducted to compare the mean differences before and after training. Significant improvements were observed in five dimensions, namely mobility, distance vision and lighting, reading and fine work, and attitude toward life, at a highly significant level of 1% probability. The dimensions of social well-being and economic impact showed significant improvement at a 5% level of probability. Visual impairment, whether congenital or acquired later in life, affects independence in all aspects of life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the impact of special software training on the quality of life of visually impaired individuals. The authors suggest that this form of rehabilitation enhances accessibility to mainstream living, promotes independence, and ultimately improves quality of life. Participants experienced an improved quality of life through increased access to mainstream resources, enhanced ability to navigate and manage daily activities independently, and reduced reliance on multiple low vision aids or assistance from sighted individuals.

Prognostic factors for employment outcomes in patients with a history of childhood-onset drug-resistant epilepsy.

The employment outcomes of childhood-onset drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) has not been studied enough. The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to investigate the employment outcomes of childhood-onset DRE in June 2022 and identify the risk factors associated with non-employment. The sample consisted of 65 participants ≥18 years of age with a history of childhood-onset DRE. Fifty participants (77%) were salaried employees and 15 participants (23%) were non-employed. Clinical and psychosocial information were evaluated for calculating the relative risk (RR) of non-employment. Regarding medical factors, lower IQ [RR, 0.645; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.443-0.938; p = 0.022] was positively associated with employment. In contrast, age at follow-up (RR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.009-1.085; p = 0.014); number of ASMs at follow-up (RR, 1.517; 95% CI, 1.081-2.129; p = 0.016); use of medications such as phenobarbital (RR, 3.111; 95% CI, 1.383-6.997; p = 0.006), levetiracetam (RR, 2.471; 95% CI, 1.056-5.782; p = 0.037), and topiramate (RR, 3.576; 95% CI, 1.644-7.780; p = 0.001) were negatively associated with employment. Regarding psychosocial factor, initial workplace at employment support facilities (RR, 0.241; 95% CI, 0.113-0.513; p < 0.001) was positively associated with employment. In contrast, complication of psychiatric disorder symptoms (RR, 6.833; 95% CI, 2.141-21.810; p = 0.001) was negatively associated with employment. Regarding educational factor, graduating schools of special needs education (RR, 0.148; 95% CI, 0.061-0.360; p < 0.001) was positively associated with employment. Specific medical, psychosocial, and educational factors may influence the employment outcomes of childhood-onset DRE. Paying attention to ASMs' side effects, adequately preventing the complications of psychiatric disorder symptoms, and providing an environment suitable for each patient condition would promote a fine working status for people with childhood-onset DRE.

History, the Disease of Temporary Amnesia and National Development

This paper examines History, the Disease of Temporary Amnesia (Loss of Memory) and National Development. It analyses the concept “History, the disease of Temporary Amnesia and its impact on History as a course of study came to focus. It discusses the undue emphasis on science and technology to the detriment of History. The significance of History to National Development was demonstrated. The data for the research was obtained from primary sources like oral interview and secondary sources, such as newspapers, books (published and unpublished), thesis, dissertation, journals etc. The study found that the relevance of History to National development cannot be over-emphasized. It demonstrated that the disease of ‘Temporary Amnesia’ has negative impact on the study of History. Again the study found that the sarcastic comments that Africa have no history, that African history is nothing more than European activities in Africa is not correct. The earlier statements by European visitors that Africa did not produce advanced civilization have been disproved by the discovering of fine works of art at such places as Nok, Ife, Benin and Igbo Ukwu in Nigeria (Alagoa, 1978:12). In conclusion, it is noted that nation without the knowledge of the past cannot project successfully into the present and future.

Science results from sixteen years of MRO SHARAD operations

In operation for >16 years to date, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Shallow Radar (SHARAD) sounder has acquired data at its nominal 300–450 m along-track and 3-km cross-track resolution covering >55% of the Martian surface, with nearly 100% overlap in coverage at that scale in the polar regions and in a number of smaller mid-latitude areas. While SHARAD data have opened a new window into understanding the interior structures and properties of Martian ices, volcanics, and sedimentary deposits up to a few kilometers in depth, they have also led to new revelations about the deeper interior and the behavior of the planet's ionosphere. Here we summarize the data collected by SHARAD over this time period, the methods used in the analysis of that data, and the resulting scientific findings. The polar data are especially rich, revealing complex structures that comprise up to several dozen reflecting interfaces that extend to depths of 3 km, which inform the evolution of Martian climate in the late Amazonian period. SHARAD observations of mid-latitude lobate debris aprons and other glacier-like landforms detect strong basal reflections and low dielectric loss, confirming that they are ice-rich debris-covered glaciers. In other mid-latitude terrains, SHARAD data demonstrate the presence of widespread ground ices, likely at lower concentrations. SHARAD signals also probe non-icy materials, mapping out stacked lava flows, probing low-density materials thought to be ash-fall deposits, and occasionally penetrating sedimentary deposits, all of which reveal the structures and interior properties diagnostic of emplacement processes. SHARAD signals are impacted by their passage through the Martian ionosphere, revealing variations in time and space of the total electron content linked with the remanent magnetic field. Advanced techniques developed over the course of the mission, which include subband and super-resolution processing, coherent and incoherent summing, and three-dimensional (3D) radar imaging, are enabling new discoveries and extending the utility of the data. For 3D imaging, a cross-track spacing at the nominal 3-km resolution is more than sufficient to achieve good results, but finer spacing of 0.5 km or less significantly improves the spatially interpolated radar images. Recent electromagnetic modeling and a flight test show that SHARAD's signal-to-noise ratio can be greatly improved with a large (∼120°) roll of the spacecraft to reduce interference with the spacecraft body. Both MRO and SHARAD are in remarkably fine working order, and the teams look forward to many more years in which to pursue improvements in coverage density, temporal variability in the ionosphere, and data quality that promise exciting new discoveries at Mars.