Finasteride Group Research Articles

Pharmacodynamic interaction between tamsulosin and finasteride treatment in mice induced benign prostate hyperplasia using the Chou-Talalay method

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and interaction of tamsulosin with finasteride treatment on induced benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in mice. BPH was induced by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate (20 mg/kg) for 30 days. Eighty-five mice were divided into five groups. The first group (G1): twenty-five mice induced BPH treated with tamsulosin orally and divided into five equal subgroups with doses (0.017, 0.052, 0.087, 0. 123, and 0.158) mg/kg, the second group (G2): twenty-five mice induced BPH treated with finasteride orally and divided into five equal subgroups with doses (0.175, 0.527, 0.878, 1.23, and 1.580) mg/kg, the third group (G3): twenty-five mice induced BPH treated with a combination of tamsulosin with finasteride orally, and divided into five equal subgroups with doses (0.0085, 0.0875), (0.026, 0.2635), (0.0435, 0.439) , (0.0615, 0.615) and ( 0.079 , 0.790 ) mg/kg respectively. Fourth group (G4): five mice induced BPH and treated distilled water. Fifth group (G5): five mice were not inducing BPH and without any treatment. The results showed a gradual significant increase in prostate weight % and prostate index % inhibitions until reached saturation in the last two doses of tamsulosin, finasteride, and combination groups, the maximum effective doses of tamsulosin and finasteride were (0.156) and (1.495) mg/kg respectively. Moreover, the effective dose of the combination (tamsulosin and finasteride) was estimated (0.06876, 0.6876) mg/kg respectively as well as the type of interaction was synergism and the value of the combination index was 0.046. The combination of tamsulosin with finasteride showed a synergistic effect in BPH treatment by minimizing the side effect of each drug as a result of decreasing the dose of each one.

The risk of psychiatric disorders in finasteride users with benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia: A population-based case-control study.

There is a long-standing debate if finasteride, a medication used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia (AGA), can cause psychiatric side effects. The goal of this large-scale population-based study was to determine whether finasteride therapy for BPH and AGA is associated with the emergence of mental health conditions. This observational case-control study compared the data from patients with BPH who received finasteride 5 mg daily and patients with AGA who received finasteride 1 mg daily with age- and gender-matched controls. The incidence of psychological health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, neuroses, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, psychoses and alcohol abuse within 2 years of the initiation of finasteride therapy has been evaluated and compared between the finasteride groups and controls. The BPH group included 307 men with a mean age of 61.5 (±17.4) years and 1218 controls. Mental health outcomes recorded in 2.3% of the patients, with no significant increase in rate when compared to controls. The AGA group consisted of 23,227 men with a mean age of 31.4 (±10.3) years and 39,444 controls. Only One percent of AGA patients developed psychiatric disorders. In comparison to controls, patients with AGA had higher rates of anxiety and depression (0.6% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.04, and 0.5% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.007, respectively). In multivariate regression models, finasteride was found as one of the risk factors for anxiety (OR 1.449, p = 0.002) and depression (OR 1.439, p = 0.003) when stratified to age, sector, socioeconomic status and comorbidities. According to our research, finasteride users had a very low rate of adverse mental health effects, with no increase in psychological sequelae in BPH patients and a slight increase in anxiety and depression in AGA patients.

Intraoperative Iris Behavior during Phacoemulsification Maneuvers in Rabbits Treated with Selective α1-Blocker, 5α-Reductase Inhibitor, or Anxiolytic Medication.

This prospective, experimental study aims to evaluate the association between administration of α-blocker, 5α-reductase inhibitor, or anxiolytic medications and intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) using a rabbit animal model. A total of 31 Metis rabbits were distributed into four groups as follows: 10 rabbits given tamsulosin, 10 rabbits given finasteride, 5 rabbits who received lorazepam, and 6 treatment-naive animals in the control group. Dosing was calculated according to body surface area ratio of man to rabbit, with a dosing duration of 43 days for all groups. Phacoemulsification maneuvers were performed by a single surgeon, who was blinded to group allocation. Any intraoperative billowing of the iris was noted and subsequently graded from 0 to 3. Higher incidences of iris billowing were found in the tamsulosin-dosed animals [OR = 8.33 (CI 95% 0.63-110.09)], (p = 0.13), the finasteride group [OR = 11.6 (CI 95% 0.92-147.6)], (p = 0.11), and the lorazepam group [OR = 7.5 (CI 95% 0.45-122.8)], (p = 0.24), as opposed to the control. Administration of α-blocker tamsulosin, 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride, or anxiolytic medication lorazepam induces altered intraoperative iris behavior. These results correspond with previous studies and further solidify the hypothesis that systemic medication, administered both long and short-term, influences surgical parameters in cataract surgery. The present study can become the basis for further clinical or experimental research.

Pterostilbene Effect on Inflammatory and Oxidation Markers in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Rats Model

Pterostilbene is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, which is brought on by the induction of testosterone propionate. The objective of the current experiment was to assess the efficacy of pterostilbene treatment in comparison to finasteride and resveratrol by tracking various inflammatory and oxidative markers in a male rat with lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The forty-eight male rats were divided into sex groups: the control group, which included eight rats given oil vehicle subcutaneously for 42 days; the induction group, which included eight rats given testosterone propionate(4mg/kg/day) subcutaneously daily dose for fourteen days; and the finasteride group, which included eight rats given finasteride 0.44 mg/kg orally for twenty-eight days after induction Benign prostatic hyperplasia , and the Pterostilbene group, which consisted of 8 rats, got Pterostilbene 200 mg/kg administered orally for 28 days after 14 day Benign prostatic hyperplasia induction, and the other group, which consisted of 8 rats, received Pterostilbene at a dose of 100 mg/kg Use oral gavage to provide 100 mg/kg for the same time period. While the Resveratrol group, which received 100 mg/kg of resveratrol orally. During the identical time frame after Benign prostatic hyperplasia Induction. There were significant differences in the tissue levels of inflammatory markers and oxidative markers Tumor necrosis factor alpha and Glutathione-peroxidase & Malondialdehyde when comparing the pterostilbene 200 group to the induction group (P ≤0.05). Pterostilbene has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that help to lessen the growth of the benign prostatic hyperplasia that testosterone propionate causes.

Citrus reticulata fruit peel extract ameliorates testesterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia-like phenotypes in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a major pathophysiologic event that presents a high risk for prostate cancer (the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men). The prognosis of conventional therapy for BPH remains poor due to treatment failures. Thus, natural remedies such as botanical drugs remain a promising alternative therapy to be explored for the treatment of BPH and prostate cancer. Citrus fruits, specifically fruit peels of Citrus reticulata (CRE) contain bioactive compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and have been used in crude form in traditional settings to manage benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer, however, scientific scrutiny of this ethnobotanical claim remains incomplete. This study assessed the protective effect of CRE in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia-like phenotypes in rats. Male Wistar rats (n = 30, 150-200 g) were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 5), and treated for 28 days as follows: control group (normal saline, 5 mg/kg s.c.), model group (testosterone,5 mg/kg, i.p.), the finasteride (1 mg/kg, p.o.), and CRE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) groups received testosterone (5 mg/kg, i.p.) in the morning and their respective treatments (either finasteride or CRE). All rats were given chow and water ad libitum. On the 28th day, the rats were sacrificed following deep anesthesia. Blood and the prostate gland were collected. Full blood count, serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), testosterone, C-reactive protein (CRP), and histology of the prostate gland were assessed. Compared to the model, treatment with C. reticulata peel extracts markedly reduced prostate weight, attenuated atresia of the prostatic glands, stromal fibrosis, and mast cell infiltration, and increased glandular secretion. Additionally, serum levels of testosterone, CRP, PSA, and white blood count were reduced in the high-dose C. reticulata peel extract-treated group. Fruit peels of C. reticulata exhibited a protective effect against BPH partly by attenuating inflammatory activity. Thus, this finding provides a rationale for further exploration of CRE for novel anti-BPH molecules that could be used to develop therapeutics against prostate cancer.

The impact of combination therapy of Croton membranaceus and finasteride on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP) histo-morphology

IntroductionBenign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the age-related conditions that reduce the quality of life in aging men. Treatment modalities range from surgical, use of allopathic drugs, to phytotherapy. Allopathic drugs such as Finasteride and Tamsulosin are often considered to have adverse side effects such as reduced libido and erectile dysfunction. In some countries finasteride is often recommended for BPH although some prefer the use of Croton membranaceus (CM). However, some indigenes combine the two. The study therefore sought to determine impact of this combination therapy of CM and on BPH histomorphologically. MethodsThirty-five (35) male Sprague Dawley rats (200–250 g) made up of the following groups were established with 5 rats in each group: Group 1, served as the control group; group 2 (model group); group 3 (0.5 mg/kg.b.wt Finasteride- positive control); group 4 [30 mg/kg b.wt. CM (low dose)]; group 5 [300 mg/kg b.wt. CM (high dose)]; group 6 (30 mg/kg b.wt. CM plus 0.5 mg/kg. b.wt. Finasteride); group 7 (300 mg/kg b.wt. CM plus 0.5 mg/kg b.wt. Finasteride). Groups 2–7 were castrated, allowed to rest for 7 days and BPH-induced by administering 5 mg/kg.b.wt testosterone propionate subcutaneously daily for 28 days. CM and Finasteride were administered for 28 days by oral gavage. The prostate and its accessory organs were weighed and examined histologically. ResultsIn the untreated group (model group) fibromuscular stroma showed the typical characteristic of high epithelial folds with apparent typical hyperplasia. The Finasteride group showed increased rate of apoptosis and progressive decrease in epithelial cell size. At the lower dose of CM, not enough apoptotic areas were observed. However, multiple layers of acinar epithelia were noticed. At the higher dose of CM, few apoptotic cells were seen with acini fluid reduction. The combination of Low dose CM and Finasteride led to fluid level reduction in the acini accompanied by fat droplets and reactive cells infiltration. At a higher dose of CM, papillary fronds were not protruded into the acini. However, acini fluid appeared coagulated. The combination treatment did not have any adverse hepatorenal effect, nor did it change PSA significantly. ConclusionNo overt advantage was seen in this combination therapy, although higher doses of CM in tandem with finasteride may not be advisable. However, there was good tolerability.

(291) The Effect of Administration and Discontinuation of Finasteride in Male Rats

Abstract Introduction It has been suggested that 5AR (5-alpha reductase) inhibitors may have negative effects on psychosexual activity, but there is still debate. Objective We aimed to observe the effect of 5AR type 2 inhibition on brain tissue by using finasteride. Methods 14 weeks old, eight male rats were assigned to each group (group 1 as the control group, group 2 as the finasteride group, and group 3 as the finasteride withdrawal group). Each rat was isolated and acclimatized in a single cage, then mated for 2 days. Rats in group 2 and 3 were administrated with finasteride for 4 weeks, then rats in group 2 were sacrificed whereas rats in group 3 were sacrificed 4 weeks thereafter. Before sacrifice, they were exposed to female bedding at least for 2 days. RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain tissue evaluation where the target genes/proteins were 5AR (type 2) and c-Fos. Results Dihydrotestosterone (ng/dl) and dihydrotestosterone to testosterone ratio (%) plunged after 1 month administration of finasteride (group 2), and they were ameliorated after discontinuation of the drug (group 3) (Figure 1). These results were parallel to those from the western blot and immunohistochemistry (Figure 2 and 3). On the contraty, RT-PCR showed elevation of each gene (5AR and c-Fos) expression (Figure 2). Conclusions Finasteride exerted an influence on brain tissue including hippocampus and ventromedial preoptic area via 5AR-2 inhibition, resulting in decrease of c-Fos protein activation. However, the negative impact of finasteride on rat brain in regard with c-Fos activation may fall away in a month cessation of the drug. Disclosure No.

Syzygium malaccense leaves methanol extract modulate some biochemical and inflammatory markers and prostate histology of testosterone-estradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

The effect of Syzygium malaccense methanol leaf extract (SMLE) on some parameters of testosterone-estradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats was assayed. Thirty male albino rats were used and they were grouped as: Control: received 1 mL/kg olive oil (oral and subcutaneous); BPH: received subcutaneously 9 mg/kg dihydrotestosterone (DHT)+0.9 mg/kg estradiol valerate (ESV) and orally 1 ml/kg olive oil; finasteride: received 9 mg/kg of DHT+0.9 mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and 5 mg/kg finasteride (orally) and test groups 1 and 2: received 9 mg/kg of DHT+0.9 mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and 200 and 400 mg/kg SMLE (orally). The duration of the treatment was 28 days. The BPH group had increased prostatic total proteins, oxidative stress, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostate weights, serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, and C-reactive protein, dyslipidaemia, altered prostate histology and hormonal levels but had no significant change (p>0.05) in haematological indices relative to the control. Finasteride or S. malaccense modulated most of these parameters as corroborated by prostate histology. Acute toxicity study indicated the non-toxicity of SMLE. SMLE showed strong in vitro antioxidant activity which corroborated its in vivo antioxidant activity. The study showed that S. malaccense could be useful in the management of BPH.

Treatment of refractory hematospermia with Finasteride: A prospective placebo-controlled study

Background: Finasteride is being used to treat recurrent hematuria due to BPH. Androgen has an essential role in the production of angiogenic factors such as VEGF. Vessel density & VEGF decreases after finasteride treatment and thus improve haematospermia. Objective: To test the efficacy of finasteride to control refractory idiopathic hematospermia for which conservative treatment has failed. Methodology: This Prospective placebo-controlled study was carried out from July 2019 to June 2022 with 48 patients of hematospermia presented to the outpatient department of NIKDU. Twenty-two patients had refractory hematospermia of idiopathic nature. They were randomized into two equal groups, 11 patients in each group. One group received 5 mg finasteride daily for 3 months, and the other group received placebo. Patients were followed up with semen analysis and TRUS for 3 consecutive months and after 1 year. Result: In the finasteride-treated group, remission of hematospermia occurred in 5 patients (45%) within 1 month. Patients continued treatment for 3 months without the recurrence of hematospermia. After stopping finasteride treatment, hematospermia recurred in 3 out of 9 patients 12 months later. Two cases were not improved, but a significant decrease in frequency & amount of bleeding was observed in semen analysis. In the placebo-treated group, cessation of hematospermia occurred in 3 cases (27%) versus 9 (81%) in the finasteride group (P = 0.03) after 3 months of treatment. Conclusion: Three months of treatment with finasteride for refractory idiopathic hematospermia significantly cures hematospermia with no undesirable side effects. Bangladesh J. Urol. 2022; 25(1): 33-66

The effect of acupuncture on oestrogen receptors in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia

The effects of acupuncture on the protein and gene expression of oestrogen receptors (ERs) alpha (α) and beta (β) in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats remains unclear. In this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 per group). The rats in the blank group did not receive any treatment, while the rats in the model group were injected intraperitoneally with testosterone propionate for 28 days to establish the BPH model and then randomly sub-divided into a control group, an acupuncture group and a finasteride group (positive control group). Dissections were performed after rats were anesthetized with isoflurane, and then the weight and volume of the prostate were then measured. The expression of ERs was detected via immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that ERα was discontinuously distributed in epithelial cells and expressed in large quantities in stromal cells, and ERβ was aggregated and expressed in hyperplastic nodules. Acupuncture and finasteride could significantly improve the distribution of ERα and ERβ which suggested that acupuncture and finasteride could improve BPH. There was no significant difference in ERα messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression among the groups, but the ERβ mRNA expression in the finasteride group showed a significant difference compared with the control and acupuncture groups. The mechanism of the acupuncture treatment of BPH may be related to the increased transcription level of ERβ mRNA in prostate tissues, the improved distribution of ERα expression in epithelial cells and the aggregation expression of ERs in hyperplastic nodules.

Serum uric acid level in male patients with androgenetic alopecia: A prospective study in China

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the serum level of uric acid (UA) in male patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and to compare the level with that of men without AGA. In addition, the comparison of the serum level of uric acid (UA) before and after treatment with finasteride was performed. MethodA total of 120 male patients with AGA and 120 males without AGA were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients with AGA were randomized into two groups: 60 patients were given 1 mg finasteride orally every day for 6 months, and 60 patients were given placebo. Serum UA level was detected at the first visit and after the 6-month treatment by colorimetric analysis. ResultsBefore treatment, the mean serum UA level in patients with AGA was higher than that in the control group (401.52±83.27 umol/L vs 362.67±60.88 umol/L, P<0.050), and a higher proportion of hyperuricemia was found in patients with AGA (2 9.17% vs 15.00%, P<0.050). After treatment, the mean serum UA level in the finasteride group decreased significantly, from 405.87±87.12 umol/L to 381.84±82.50 umol/L (P<0.050), and from 397.17±79.73 to 394.18±78.09 umol/L in the placebo group (P = 0.370). Patients with AGA with hyperuricemia had a higher BMI (25.38±3.43 kg/m2) when compared to the patients without hyperuricemia (23.88±2.64 kg/m2). For every unit of BMI increase in patients with AGA, the risk of hyperuricemia increased by 30.5% (P = 0.030). Furthermore, the levels of UA were different in the finasteride group before and after treatment (P = 0.049, 95%CI, 0.080, 47.970). ConclusionsWe found that AGA has a relationship with hyperuricemia, and the level of serum UA can decrease with the treatment of finasteride.

Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of AGA drugs by measuring finasteride, dutasteride, and dihydrotestosterone in hair

BackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is treated by 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARI) such as finasteride and dutasteride, which are widely used as therapeutic agents. However, their pharmacokinetics in target organs (scalp and hair follicles) have not yet been investigated. PurposeTo confirm the effective action of finasteride and dutasteride in the hair follicle tissues, we developed a method to measure these concentrations in hair. ResultsCompared to the non-detection (N.D.) group, the dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations decreased significantly in both the finasteride and dutasteride groups. The dutasteride group showed significantly lower DHT concentrations among all groups. ConclusionsMeasurement of finasteride, dutasteride, and DHT concentrations in hair would aid in evaluating the drug pharmacokinetics and its therapeutic effects on AGA patients.

Biochemical and Histopathological evaluation of prostatic tissue under effect of Pterostilbene in benign prostatic hyperplasia rat model

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] is the urologic condition that affects elderly men the most frequently Benign prostatic hyperplasia. Benign prostatic hyperplasia must be distinguished from&#x0D; lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic enlargement. which refers to an enlarged prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia is a purely histological term the development, maintenance, and secretory activity of the prostate and other sex-accessory tissues are stimulated by the presence of certain hormones and growth factors. the pathophysiology of Benign prostatic hyperplasia is significantly influenced by the activity of the enzyme 5α-reductase. It's important to remember that 5-αreductase is responsible for creating Dihydrotestosterone a stronger androgen. Pterostilbene Mostly found in blueberries and grapes and pterostilbene substance with a number of biological properties including anticancer properties. pterostilbene is a lipid-soluble molecule that exists in both cis and trans forms with the latter being more prevalent. The conventional medication for Benign prostatic hyperplasia utilized in this trial was finasteride which inhibits the 5α-reductase enzyme and lowers the amount of Dihydrotestosterone.&#x0D; Methods: Forty-eight male rats were divided into six groups; the control group consisted of eight rats who received subcutaneous injections of oil vehicle for a period of 42 days. The induction group consisted of eight rats who received subcutaneous injections of testosterone propionate for a period of fourteen days. The finasteride group consisted of eight rats who received finasteride 0.44 mg/kg by oral gavage for a period of twenty-eight days following the induction of Benign prostatic hyperplasia and Pterostilbene 200 group included 8 rats were given pterostilbene 200mg/kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of Benign prostatic hyperplasia induction. pterostilbene 100 group included 8 rats were given a pterostilbene 100mg/kg per day kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of induction Benign prostatic hyperplasia dose and the resveratrol group included 8 rats were given a resveratrol 100mg/kg per day kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of induction Benign prostatic hyperplasia After twenty-eight days.&#x0D; Results: Histological section of prostate Pterostilbene 200 were similar those in control negative revealed numerous variable sizes alveoli that filled with homogenous eosinophilic secretion, had normal epithelial and stromal tissue.&#x0D; Conclusion: Pterostilbene have a potent anti-proliferative effect by decrease the hyperplastic nodules for prostate and return epithelial cell to normal and have a very good scavenging activity for free radical [very good as antioxidant] in compare with Vitamin c and resveratrol.&#x0D; Aim of study: evaluate the effect of Pterostilbene as Anti proliferative on Benign prostatic hyperplasia and assess the antioxidant activity for Pterostilbene by DPPH Assay.

Impact of Finasteride on Survival in Bladder Cancer: A Retrospective Multi-institutional Database Analysis.

Androgen suppression therapy has been associated with a lower incidence of bladder cancer (BCa) or improved overall/cancer-specific survival. Results are ofent conflicting; therefore, we aim to assess the impact of use of finasteride on overall survival (OS) for BCa using multi-institutional database. The South Texas Veterans Healthcare System from 5 medical centers was queried for patients with BCa with or without use of finasteride after diagnosis of BCa. The primary outcome was the impact of finasteride use after diagnosis on the OS in BCa and in the high-risk Non-muscle invasive BCa (NMIBC) cohort. A total of 1890 patients were included, amongst which 619 (32.8%) men were classified as finasteride users and 1271 (67.2%) men as controls. At a median (IQR) follow up of 53.8 (27.4, 90.9) months, death due to any cause was noted in 272 (43.9%) finasteride-treated, and 672 (49.3%) control groups (P=.028). The patients in the finasteride group had significantly better OS in overall cohort (112.1 months vs. 84.8 months, P < .001) as well as in the NMIBC cohort (129.3months vs. 103.2 months, P=.0046). The use of finasteride was independently associated with improved OS in both, overall cohort (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.86; P < .001) and in the NMIBC cohort (HR=0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.93; P=.011). Finasteride use is associated with the improved overall survival in patients with BCa, specifically in patients with NMIBC. We, further, propose a randomized clinical trial to investigate the use of finasteride in BCa patients.

Development of a machine learning-based predictive model for prediction of success or failure of medical management for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

To develop a novel predictive model for identifying patients who will and will not respond to the medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Using data from the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms (MTOPS) study, several models were constructed using an initial data set of 2172 patients with BPH who were treated with doxazosin (Group 1), finasteride (Group 2), and combination therapy (Group 3). K-fold stratified cross-validation was performed on each group, Within each group, feature selection and dimensionality reduction using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) were performed based on the training data, before several machine learning algorithms were tested; the most accurate models, boosted support vector machines (SVMs), being selected for further refinement. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) was calculated and used to determine the optimal operating points. Patients were classified as treatment failures or responders, based on whether they fell below or above the AUC threshold for each group and for the whole data set. For the entire cohort, the AUC for the boosted SVM model was 0.698. For patients in Group 1, the AUC was 0.729, for Group 2, the AUC was 0.719, and for Group 3, the AUC was 0.698. Using MTOPS data, we were able to develop a prediction model with an acceptable rate of discrimination of medical management success for BPH.

Fenofibrate mitigates testosterone induced benign prostatic hyperplasia via regulation of Akt/FOXO3a pathway and modulation of apoptosis and proliferation in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most age-related health problems that commonly affect men. Regrettably, many individuals may not respond to current medical therapies or develop resistance to them. Accordingly, this study aimed to uncover how potentially fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent, can ameliorate the induced BPH in rats. Forty rats were categorized randomly into four groups; the control group was given the vehicle (olive oil); the BPH model received testosterone propionate (20 mg/kg daily; s.c.) for 4 weeks; BPH-induced group received finasteride (10 mg/kg daily; p.o.) and BPH-induced group received fenofibrate (80 mg/kg daily; p.o.). After testosterone administration, both weight and relative weight of the prostate increased. Additionally, testosterone upregulated androgen receptor (AR), 5α-reductase gene expression and increased prostate proliferation. Histopathological examination confirmed that testosterone disrupted the histo-architecture of the prostate and caused marked hyperplasia of glands and stroma. On the other hand, fenofibrate administration reverted most hyperplastic changes of testosterone, it significantly reduced weight, relative weight of the prostate and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level compared to BPH group. Also fenofibrate significantly decreased AR and 5α-reductase gene expression. Fenofibrate significantly suppressed ps473 Akt expression causing FOXO3a nuclear inclusion, which triggered induction of apoptosis. As well, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and caspase 3 content were significantly enhanced. Fenofibrate significantly diminished cyclin D1 immunoexpression and restored normal histo-architecture. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the preventive effect of fenofibrate in BPH rat model. This can be accredited, at least partly, to inhibiting AR and 5α-reductase expressions, the anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic activity of fenofibrate via modulation of Akt/FOXO3a pathway.

Comparative Efficacy of Tamsulosin Versus Tamsulosin Plus Finasteride in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, a Randomized Open Label Parallel Group Study

Background: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a common entity among elderly men and is responsible for significant disability. Medical treatment for BPH has played a major role in improving the symptoms associated with bladder outlet obstruction. Recent guidelines recommend the combination of an alpha-1 blocker and a 5-ARI as first-line treatment of men with moderate-to-severe LUTS. There is limited study data to support which is the effective therapy for BPH/LUTS in a tertiary care hospital in India. Methods: A randomized, open labelled, double blind, active control parallel group study comparing the safety and efficacy of tamsulosin versus tamsulosin+finasteride in subjects with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy. The subjects were randomized after obtaining written informed consent. The subjects were recruited from the patient population that was attending the Out-Patient department of Urology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College &amp; Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University. Results: A total sample of 60 subjects, 30 into each group was enrolled. In the tamsulosin group, according to IPSS score, 11 patients who had moderate symptoms (36.7%) became mild, and among 19 patients who had severe symptoms (63.3%), 12 patients became mild (40%) and 7 patients became moderate (23.3%) with a p value of 0.021 which is statistically significant. In the tamsulosin+ finasteride group, according to IPSS score, 10 patients who had moderate symptoms (33.3%) became mild, and among 20 patients who had severe symptoms (66.7%), 12 patients became mild (40%) and 8 patients became moderate (26.7%) with a p value of 0.020 which is statistically significant. When comparing between the two groups, 76.7% attained mild symptoms in group 1 and 73.3% patients attained mild symptoms in group 2 with a p value of 0.766 which is statistically not significant. Conclusion: To conclude tamsulosin 0.4mg is as effective as the combination therapy of tamsulosin 0.4mg and finasteride 5mg in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to Benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Effects of red ginseng oil(KGC11o) on testosterone-propionate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia

BackgroundBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of the prostate, which occurs frequently in middle-aged men. In this study, we report the effect of red ginseng oil (KGC11o) on BPH. MethodsThe BPH-induced Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: control, BPH, KGC11o 25, 50, 100, 200, and finasteride groups. KGC11o and finasteride were administered for 8 weeks. The BPH biomarkers, DHT, 5AR1, and 5AR2, androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Bax, Bcl-2, and TGF-β were determined in the serum and prostate tissue. The cell viability after KGC11o treatment was determined using BPH-1 cells, and, androgen receptor, Bax, Bcl-2, and TGF-β were confirmed by western blotting. ResultsIn the in vivo study, administration of KGC11o reduced prostate weight by 18%, suppressed DHT (up to 22%) and 5AR2 (up to 12%) levels from administration of 100 mg/kg KGC11o (P < 0.05). PSA was significantly downregulated dose-dependently from at the concentration of 50 mg/kg KGC11o (P < 0.05). BPH-1 cell viability significantly reduced through the treatment with KGC11o. In vitro and vivo, AR, Bcl-2 TGF-β levels reduced significantly but Bax was increased (P < 0.05). ConclusionThese results suggest that KGC11o may inhibit the development of BPH by significantly reducing the levels of BPH biomarkers via 5ARI, anti-androgenic effect, and anti-proliferation effect, serving as a potential functional food for treating BPH.

Efficacy, tolerability, and safety of montelukast versus finasteride for the treatment of moderate acne in women: A prospective, randomized, single-blinded, active-controlled trial.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which involves the pilosebaceous unit. Tissue inflammation isone of the crucial mechanisms, amongst others. Of the various cytokines, leukotriene B4 (LT-B4) is the most potentleucocyte chemotactic mediator. Montelukast is an antagonist of the LT-B4 receptor. Finasteride is an antiandrogen whichspecifically inhibits the 5α-reductase enzyme. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy, tolerability and safety of montelukast versus finasteride in the treatmentof moderate acne in women. This randomized, single-blinded, prospective trial over 12weeks recruited 65 female subjects with moderate acne vulgaris (Global Acne Grading System Scale) for evaluation. One group (n=30) received oral montelukast (10mg PO daily), while the second group (n=25) received oral finasteride (2.5mg PO daily) in combination with topical clindamycin 2% solution. Lesion count and acne severity were evaluated at time intervals of 0 (baseline), 4, 8, and 12weeks. Adverse effects of the drugs were noted. Both lesion count and severity of acne decreased significantly after treatment in both the groups as compared to the baseline. The acne severity score reached from 33.93 in time zero to 20.6 in the 12th week and 35.71 at baseline to 16.43 at the end of treatment in the Montelukast and Finasteride groups, respectively. Side effects were noted in 3 patients and 2 patients in the monteleukast and finasteride group, respectively, which were transient and non-serious in nature proving the satisfactory tolerability and safety of these two drugs. The results of this study show that both montelukast and finasteride have good efficacy in the treatment of acne. Finasteride has more efficacy than montelukast for treating moderate acne in normo-androgenic women.

Yohimbine hydrochloride inhibits benign prostatic hyperplasia by downregulating steroid 5α-reductase type 2

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequently encountered disease in older men that affects sexual function and is capable of causing lower urinary tract dysfunction. Unfortunately, current treatment options for BPH primarily seek to address the lower urinary tract dysfunction aspect of the disease and do not improve sexual function. Yohimbine has been effectively used for decades to treat erectile dysfunction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of yohimbine on BPH and explore the associated underlying mechanisms. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into the control, BPH, finasteride (1 mg/kg), and yohimbine (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg) groups. Except for the rats in the control group, those in the other groups were subcutaneously injected testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 4 weeks to establish BPH models. They were also administration the corresponding drug daily for a period of 6 weeks. After the treatments, in addition to determining prostate wet weight and index, the histopathological status of the prostate was observed, and the levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, prostatic acid phosphatase, the prostate-specific antigen, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and steroid 5α-reductase were determined. Specifically, the administration of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg yohimbine inhibited prostatic index increase by 46.7, 55.1, and 69.3%, respectively, in BHP rats. Further, yohimbine significantly reduced the levels of dihydrotestosterone, prostatic acid phosphatase, prostate-specific antigen, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and steroid 5α-reductase, suggesting that it exerts beneficial effects against BPH by modulating the steroid 5α-reductase pathway.