Transparency Of Financial Statements Research Articles

The Impact Of Audit Fee, Size Of Public Accounting Firm, Company Size, And Leverage On The Communication Of Key Audit Matters (Implementation Of The First Year Of KAMs Adoption In Independent Auditors' Reports In Indonesia)

Auditing standard 701 "Communicating Key Audit Matters (KAMs) in the Independent Auditor's Report" will be implemented in Indonesia in 2022. The communication of KAMs aims to increase the transparency of financial statements for users. This study examines the effect of audit fees, Size of public accounting firm, company size and leverage on the communication of Key Audit Matters (KAMs). The research population is companies that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and report audited financial statements for the fiscal year 2022. The sample was selected using purposive sampling method. The research data was processed using the Multiple Linear Regression method using IBM SPSS Statistics software ver. 25. This study proves that audit fees (sig 0.000 < 0.05) and Size of public accounting firm (sig 0.000 < 0.05) have a positive and significant effect on communicating KAMs. While company size (0.188 > 0.05) leverage (0.378 > 0.05) has no significant effect on communicating KAMs. Based on the results of the study, it is hoped that companies can consider an adequate audit fee budget and choose a Public accounting firm whose competence is in accordance with the conditions of the company to be able to increase the communication of KAMs. Thus, companies can increase investor and other stakeholder confidence through the communication of KAMs as an effort to demonstrate commitment to transparency and good corporate governanc

The Influence Of Accounting On Fundraising In Civil Society Organizations: A Theoretical And Practical Approach

This article explores the influence of accounting on the fundraising process for civil society organizations (CSOs), emphasizing its strategic importance for financial sustainability. Through an in-depth analysis of literature and theoretical approaches, the study identifies the main challenges faced by CSOs in obtaining funding, including compliance with accounting standards, transparency in financial statements and communication of their social impacts. It highlights that robust accounting practices are essential for building funders' trust, boosting donations and maximizing efficiency in the use of resources. The article also examines emerging accounting strategies aimed at donors, who seek clear and reliable information on how their social investments are managed. We conclude that the application of improved accounting practices can significantly improve the credibility of CSOs, facilitating fundraising and building long-term partnerships. This research contributes to filling theoretical and practical gaps, providing guidelines for CSO managers and accountants seeking to strengthen their financial strategies and improve their relationships with donors and social investors

An assessment of variation in quality of hypertension guidelines across income settings using the AGREE II tool

Background Hypertension affects over one billion people worldwide, posing a significant global health burden. Clinical practice guidelines could play a key role in guiding healthcare providers in improving hypertension management. However, how the quality of hypertension CPGs differs across country income settings is not well understood. This study aims to explore variation in the quality of hypertension CPGs, comparing low-, middle-, and high-income countries, using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. Methods A Medline and grey literature search was conducted to identify hypertension CPGs in English from every country from January 2012 to September 2022. Two reviewers independently assessed and scored each CPG against the AGREE II tool. Results were described and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test for statistically significant difference in the domain scores across country income groups. Results Forty-three CPGs were included for analysis from across income settings. Guidelines from HICs scored higher in four out of the six domains. The highest scoring domain was 4: “clarity and presentation” (median score 83%), the lowest scoring was domain 6 “editorial independence” (median score 0%). Statistically significant differences between income settings were observed for domain 3 “rigour of development” (p <0.001), domain 4 “clarity and presentation” (p = 0.03) and domain 6 “editorial independence” (p = 0.04). Conclusions Whilst some variation exists in guideline quality across country income levels, the greatest degree of variation exists across the domains of the AGREE II tool. Global efforts to improve the quality of hypertension guidelines should focus on the transparent statement of editorial independence of guideline committees and apply rigorous replicable methods in the authoring of guidelines. Establishing national and international communities of practice to collaborate across income settings may reduce duplication of resource, allow for shared learning and promote the development of high-quality hypertension CPGs.

MECHANISM OF TAX CONSULTING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE TAX COMPONENT OF ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY

The article considers the mechanism of tax consultancy as an important element of the management of the tax component of the economic security of an enterprise, which is particularly relevant in the context of constant changes in tax legislation and growing requirements for transparency of financial statements. Tax consultancy is a complex process of providing companies with qualified assistance in the field of tax planning, optimisation of tax liabilities and management of tax risks. It is substantiated that tax consulting not only helps to reduce the tax burden, but also ensures compliance of the company's tax policy with the requirements of current legislation, which, in turn, is a guarantee of long-term stability and financial sustainability of the company. The article examines the structural elements of the tax liability management mechanism, which include tax planning, ensuring conditions for timely and correct calculation of tax liabilities, as well as organisational and control components. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the tax planning process as one of the key stages of tax consulting. It is determined that effective tax planning allows an enterprise to optimise the structure of income and expenses, thereby reducing the tax burden and ensuring the rational use of financial resources. This paper considers the methods of ensuring compliance with tax reporting requirements as an important factor in the process of tax consulting. The function of tax consultancy in the formulation and execution of strategies designed to mitigate tax risks and enhance the efficacy of enterprise financial management is established. The necessity of utilising contemporary information technologies in the domain of tax consulting is underscored, as this enables the enhancement of the precision and efficacy of managerial resolutions pertaining to taxation. It can be concluded that effective tax consulting plays a pivotal role in enhancing the economic resilience of an enterprise. It serves to fortify the enterprise against external and internal threats, including those posed by shifts in the tax environment and economic challenges.

The Effect of Presentation and Transparency of Financial Reports on Accountability of Financial Management

This study aims to determine the effect of financial statement presentation and transparency on the accountability of financial management in Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) through accessibility in Bogor City. The study population includes five OPDs spread across Bogor City. Using the purposive sampling method, the study involved 52 respondents. The research instrument utilized a questionnaire to collect data from the respondents. The analysis results indicate that the presentation of financial statements alone does not have a significant effect on the accountability of financial management in OPDs. However, when the presentation of financial statements and transparency are combined, they have a significant effect on the accountability of financial management through accessibility in Bogor City. This suggests that a combination of good presentation and high transparency in financial statements is necessary to enhance accountability in the financial management of OPDs. The study emphasizes the importance of these two aspects in ensuring accountable financial management within the government.

Application of Blockchain Technology in Increasing Financial Statement Transparency: An Overview of Financial Accounting Aspects

Transparency and integrity of financial statements are crucial elements in building stakeholder trust in business entities. However, a number of massive financial scandals have shaken public confidence in the reliability of reported financial information. This research aims to explore the application of blockchain technology in improving the transparency of financial statements from a financial accounting perspective. Using qualitative approaches and literature study methods, this research analyzes the concept, architecture, and operational mechanisms of blockchain, as well as examines case studies and best practices that have been applied. The results show that blockchain has the potential to improve the transparency and integrity of financial statements by creating a reliable and immutable audit trail, as well as providing a distributed and decentralized platform that eliminates the need for third parties vulnerable to data manipulation. However, blockchain deployments also face challenges such as regulatory issues, lack of standardization, resistance to change, and technical constraints. The research recommends closer collaboration between stakeholders, development of effective implementation frameworks and guidelines, as well as advanced research to explore the technical, regulatory, and social aspects of implementing blockchain in financial accounting.

Does XBRL adoption increase financial information transparency in digital disclosure environment? Insights from emerging markets

The eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is one of the global-level business reporting standards that accommodates all firms to report financial affairs in a convenient manner. The main objective of this study is to explain the impact of XBRL adoption on the transparency of financial information disclosure in Jordanian financial companies. The current study used a sample of 124 respondents including accounting managers, auditors, and financial managers with a background in XBRL who are working in Jordanian financial firms. The findings confirmed that the adoption of XBRL in Jordanian financial firms increases financial information transparency in the digital disclosure environment which leads to more relevant, reliable, and transparent financial statements disclosure. One main implication the current study heightened is the importance of turning to the implementation of the XBRL will support the process of decision making which will support and enhance both the performance and decision-making process. Lastly, this research effort is the first of its kind that examined the impact of XBRL on the transparency of financial information from the financial firms' perspective in Jordan as a developing country.

Corporate culture - externally committed values: The case study of DHG joint stock company on the Vietnam stock exchange

This study “Corporate culture - external commitment values: the case study of DHG Joint Stock company on the Vietnam Stock Exchange” is an assessment of the culture of the organization through the values agreed in the annual report of enterprises in the pharmaceutical industry in Vietnam today - the case of DHG Joint Stock Company as a specific analysis to generalize Siehl and Martin’s (1989) theory of corporate culture, utilizing annual reports, and publicly transparent financial statements of the company. The research aims to introduce an alternative method, a different perspective on Vietnam through corporate commitments in the annual reports disclosed by these businesses. The study is conducted with the objective of evaluating corporate culture based on externally endorsed values concerning relevant stakeholders, which is crucial for public companies, especially in how they interact with their stakeholders. Research results showing that DHG focuses on committed values belonging to objects outside the organization such as economic allocation; customer; corporate social responsibility, this will create transparency and trust of many stakeholders other than employees such as customers, shareholders, investors, the communities and the government.

Harmonization of capital accounting in Azerbaijan commercial enterprises in accordance with IFRS requirements

The topic of the research related to capital accounting in commercial enterprises is relevant, as the harmonization of this process in accordance with the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) becomes an integral component for attracting investment, increasing the transparency of financial reporting, and maintaining competitiveness in the global market. The purpose of the study is to develop and implement the methodology of capital accounting in the accounting activities of commercial enterprises of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Among the methods used, analytical method, statistical method, functional method, method of system analysis, method of deduction, method of synthesis and method of comparison were applied. The research was aimed at in-depth analysis of the essence of capital accounting in Azerbaijani commercial enterprises in the context of modern conditions of market economy. The main attention was paid to the study of the legal and regulatory framework, peculiarities of the authorized capital of limited and joint stock organizations. Within the framework of the research, the key elements of development of financial accounting of capitals complying with IFRS requirements were identified. In addition, specific examples of synthetic accounting of business transactions for capital formation at commercial enterprises are provided, as well as the rules of their reflection in the financial statements are outlined. Special attention is paid to the fundamentals of new accounting rules developed to meet IFRS requirements. As a result of the study, solutions have been proposed to eliminate problems related to capital accounting in accordance with IFRS requirements in the activities of Azerbaijani commercial enterprises. These solutions are oriented to harmonize accounting practices with international standards, improve transparency of financial statements and increase attractiveness for potential investors. The results can be used for Azerbaijani commercial enterprises, contributing to the improvement of financial transparency, attractiveness for investors and harmonization of accounting practices with global standards

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ АУДИТУ ОСНОВНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ: СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ

The article discusses the main aspects and modern approaches to the organization of the process of auditing fixed assets at enterprises. Fixed assets are one of the most important components of an enterprise's assets, so their proper accounting and management are crucial for financial stability and business efficiency. An audit of fixed assets involves checking the compliance of the accounting policy with the current legislation, analyzing the availability and condition of assets, and assessing their effective use. The authors focus on the problems of organizing the audit of fixed assets, emphasizing the need to analyze and adapt to new technologies. The introduction of automated tools and improvement of methodology is necessary to ensure the accuracy, efficiency and transparency of the audit process. This will allow auditors to respond quickly to changes in the business environment and reduce risks in accordance with modern requirements. The article focuses on remote audit methods (remote audit), which have become particularly relevant in the context of globalization and digital transformation. These methods allow auditors to inspect companies without the need for personal presence on site, which helps to reduce costs and increase the flexibility of the process. In addition, this approach helps to develop important communication skills, negotiate with management and build trust. The conclusions of the article emphasize that the introduction of modern technologies in the audit of fixed assets improves control over assets and optimizes their management. Recommendations include the integration of the latest technologies, standardization of accounting procedures, and advanced training of auditors. These measures contribute not only to correct and reliable accounting, but also ensure the transparency of financial statements, reducing the risks of inaccurate information important for strategic decisions of the enterprise. The use of automated systems and analytical tools will allow auditors to focus on critical aspects of asset management, contributing to more efficient use of resources and cost reduction. Thus, modern technologies are becoming an integral part of audit processes, which increases their value for companies.

ВЛИЯНИЕ УКЛОНЕНИЯ ОТ УПЛАТЫ НАЛОГОВ НА АКЦИОНЕРНУЮ СТОИМОСТЬ КОМПАНИЙ

The article examines the impact of an aggressive tax planning strategy on the financial stability of companies. The results of the study indicate that tax evasion can lead to significant negative consequences, including reduced transparency of financial statements and potential adverse effects on the cost of capital. It can also negatively affect the capitalization of companies due to agency conflicts, as additional opportunities appear for managers and controlling shareholders to extract rents at the expense of minority shareholders.

Model uncertainty versus variability in the life cycle assessment of commercial fisheries

AbstractResults from life cycle assessment (LCA) studies are sensitive to modeling choices and data used in building the underlying model. This is also relevant for the case of fisheries and LCAs of fish products. Fisheries' product systems show both multifunctionality because of the simultaneous co‐catch of multiple species and potential constraints to supply due to natural stock limits or socially established limits such as quota systems. The performance of fisheries also varies across seasons, locations, vessels, and target species. In this study, we investigate the combined effect of modeling choices and variability on the uncertainty of LCA results of fish products. We use time series data from official Danish statistics for catch and fuel use of several fisheries disaggregated using a top‐down procedure. We apply multiple modeling approaches with different assumptions regarding the type of partitioning, substitution, and constraints. The analysis demonstrates that, in the presence of relevant multifunctionality, the results are substantially affected by the modeling approach chosen. These findings are robust across years and fisheries, indicating that modeling choices contribute to uncertainty more than the variability in fishing conditions. We stress the need for a more careful alignment of research questions and methods for LCA studies of fisheries and recommend a very transparent statement of assumptions, combined with uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold data openness badge described at http://jie.click.badges.

The Evolution of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles: A Focused Look into the International Financial Reporting Standards

Financial reporting has long been an essential lens through which shareholders assess the managements operation of companies and through which external users such as potential investors evaluate how companies are structured and perform financially for economic decision-making. For this reason, the truth and fairness of financial statements is emphasized in financial accounting to reflect the economic substance over the legal form. As cross-border trades and investments grew by leaps and bounds after the World War II, a call for a globally uniform and consistent set of accounting standards thrived in full swing. Hence, the genesis of IAS and subsequently IFRS for better quality, comparability, understandability, and transparency of financial statements. Over recent years, the trend in accounting harmonization with gradual convergence between IFRS and US GAAP has also become prominent. However, accounting standards are never perfect in presenting economic reality upon their inception. Blatant financial scandals play an indispensable role in shaping accounting standards for improvements. This paper takes a focused look into IFRS to examine how the generally accepted accounting principles evolve in reaction to scandals and loopholes criticized, with a detailed analysis of the standards for leases and revenue recognition. A generic discussion on the difference and convergence between IFRS and US GAAP concludes this paper.

ENHANCING FINANCIAL TRANSPARENCY IN INDONESIAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT: A VARIANCE ANALYSIS APPROACH (Evidence From Government of Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province - Indonesia)

Purpose: Although the strangulation related to regional autonomy has long been rolling and applied by all regions of the provincial capital that existed in Indonesia, it still leaves various issues, especially regarding performance achieved through financial management. This study aims to analyze and look at the achievement of financial performance accountability concerning using expenditure income budgets.
 Method: The analysis method used is an analysis of variance and growth through two significant stages of the investigation, each through two testing processes. The data used is time-series data about the realization of using the expenditure budget in the 2016-2020 period.
 Findings: The results show an income budget of 93.64%, a 90.95% expenditure budget, a revenue budget growth of 3.78%, and a spending growth of 4.49%. Although statistically, the use of the budget and the revenue and expenditure growth rate has increased on the revenue usage side, it could have been more efficient and proven to be a high percentage of income used in financing district government spending. The government should have undertaken and implemented strategies to adjust for the use of the budget.
 Novelty: Some research related to the issue of transparency of financial statements through this approach has been carried out previously, but the differences are present at the time of the study. The limitation of this study is not to analyze the ratio needed and not to analyze the period cut off in the current budget period and for researchers conducting similar research to meet research limitations and expand sampling.

Effect of Internal Control, Accountability, and Transparency of Financial Statements on the Financial Statements Quality (Case Study on Amil Zakat Institute of the Indonesian Zakat Initiative)

Purpose: This study seeks to examine the impact of internal control, accountability, and transparency on the quality of financial statements.
 Methodology: Data for this study was primarily collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents. The questionnaires covered aspects of internal control, accountability, transparency, and financial statement quality. The study focused on the Amil Zakat Institute of the Indonesian Zakat Initiative as the population, and a purposive sampling method was used to select 35 samples. The research methodology involved descriptive statistical analysis, testing of classical assumptions, and multiple linear regression with subsequent hypothesis testing.
 Findings: The findings indicate that transparency has a positive and significant influence on the quality of financial statements. However, accountability and internal control factors do not demonstrate a significant impact on financial statement quality. Nevertheless, when considered together, the variables of internal control, accountability, and transparency do significantly affect the quality of financial statements.
 Implications: Financial statements will be useful to users if the information presented in these financial reports is understandable, relevant, reliable and comparable.

Building transparency and reproducibility into the practice of pharmacoepidemiology and outcomes research.

Real-world evidence (RWE) studies are increasingly used to inform policy and clinical decisions. However, there remain concerns about the credibility and reproducibility of RWE studies. Observational researchers should highlight the level of transparency of their studies by providing a succinct statement addressing study transparency with the publication of every paper, poster, or presentation that reports on a RWE study. In this paper, we propose a framework for an explicit transparency statement that declares the level of transparency a given RWE study has achieved across five key domains: 1) protocol, 2) pre-registration, 3) data, 4) code sharing, and 5) reporting checklists.

Accountability and Transparency of Financial Statements of the National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) of Magelang Regency in Maximizing Zakat Potential

This writing aims to find out how the zakat management system, accountability and transparency of the financial statements of the Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) Magelang Regency. With a good system, can it increase or maximize the potential of zakat collected. Zakat management is a planning activity, which is related to distribution policies to implementation, and coordination in the operationalization of zakat, infaq and alms. The management of zakat must of course be based on the responsibility of the institution or organization that is sharia-compliant with the principles of trust, benefit, objectivity, justice, legal certainty, integration, and accountability.

Teori agensi : Teori agensi dalam perspektif akuntansi syariah

The application of Islamic accounting in Islamic banking companies has developed. Sharia accounting has the principle of disclosure based on Allah's orders in accordance with the principles of Islamic law fully and openly in submitting its financial statements, therefore disclosure of halal and nonhalal transactions is required as a form of responsibility to the public in accordance with AAOIFI and PSAK standards. However, this application often causes problems in agency theory regarding conflicts of interest that are not commensurate between the principal and the management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the theory of agency in the perspective of Sharia accounting. The method used in this study is a literature study method, by looking for relevant reference theories based on existing cases or problems. The results of this study show that it is very necessary to present transparent financial statements in order to reduce agency problems so that this can show evidence so that there is no information hidden by each company. With the transparency of this report, it can show that managers have honest and trustworthy behavior and do not commit acts prohibited by religion.

The Conceptual Framework of Moral Intensity Moderating Effect on The Relationship between Accounting Students’ Attitude forward Community Services and Soft Skills

Cases of accounting fraud emerge one after another in companies around the world. Although listed companies are required to disclose accurate and transparent financial statements in time, and these financial statements are audited by certified public accountants, it is still difficult to avoid the occurrence of accounting fraud. The purpose of this study is to study the stage of accountants' learning moral education in universities on the basis of the original corporate governance. Based on the experiential learning theory, this paper offers the conceptual framework regarding the moderating effect of moral intensity in the relationship Between Accounting students' attitude forward community services and soft skills. The lab uses questionnaires to collect data on students' attitudes, soft skills and moral strength toward community service. Data collected to validate students' attitudes toward community service can improve their soft skills, and this relationship will be further consolidated under the positive regulation of moral strength.

Implementation of Accountability and Transparency In The Allocation of School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) During Covid-19.

UPT SD Negeri 191 Bubun Bia is one of the public schools that also received attention in the form of BOS funds from the government. The purpose of this study was to find out how to apply the principles of transparency and accountability in the management of BOS funds during the COVID-19 pandemic at UPT SD Negeri 191 Bubun Bia. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis and data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. The distribution of BOS Funds is based on the total number of students, totaling 104 students. The population in this study amounted to 218 people with a sample using purposive sampling of as many as 9 people. The results showed that the application of the principle of transparency at the UPT SD Negeri 191 Bubun Bia was transparent, as seen from the openness in the planning of preparing the RKAS. The benefits of this research are to provide mutual trust between various parties and the transparency of financial statements that can be accounted for