Final Examination Results Research Articles

Students’ Attitude Towards Learning of Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Their Professors

In this paper, the attitude of the students towards learning of fundamentals of electrical engineering and their professor is considered. For this purpose, a survey of first-year students studying this subject was conducted. The survey was conducted on two generations of students from the academic year 2020/2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic and 2022/2023 generation after the pandemic. Our goal is to see students’ opinion about the teaching process and the professor and determine if there is a difference in the students' opinion. It should be noted that during the COVID-19 the teaching took place online, and after the COVID-19 with physical presence. Students during the COVID-19 period gave lower ratings for their professors and found the colloquiums more difficult, expressing less satisfaction with the lectures and exercises. Their colloquium results were also worse. Additionally, final exam results showed that a higher percentage of students from academic years with physical presence passed the exams.

Integrating ChatGPT in Orthopedic Education for Medical Undergraduates: Randomized Controlled Trial.

ChatGPT is a natural language processing model developed by OpenAI, which can be iteratively updated and optimized to accommodate the changing and complex requirements of human verbal communication. The study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT's accuracy in answering orthopedics-related multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and assess its short-term effects as a learning aid through a randomized controlled trial. In addition, long-term effects on student performance in other subjects were measured using final examination results. We first evaluated ChatGPT's accuracy in answering MCQs pertaining to orthopedics across various question formats. Then, 129 undergraduate medical students participated in a randomized controlled study in which the ChatGPT group used ChatGPT as a learning tool, while the control group was prohibited from using artificial intelligence software to support learning. Following a 2-week intervention, the 2 groups' understanding of orthopedics was assessed by an orthopedics test, and variations in the 2 groups' performance in other disciplines were noted through a follow-up at the end of the semester. ChatGPT-4.0 answered 1051 orthopedics-related MCQs with a 70.60% (742/1051) accuracy rate, including 71.8% (237/330) accuracy for A1 MCQs, 73.7% (330/448) accuracy for A2 MCQs, 70.2% (92/131) accuracy for A3/4 MCQs, and 58.5% (83/142) accuracy for case analysis MCQs. As of April 7, 2023, a total of 129 individuals participated in the experiment. However, 19 individuals withdrew from the experiment at various phases; thus, as of July 1, 2023, a total of 110 individuals accomplished the trial and completed all follow-up work. After we intervened in the learning style of the students in the short term, the ChatGPT group answered more questions correctly than the control group (ChatGPT group: mean 141.20, SD 26.68; control group: mean 130.80, SD 25.56; P=.04) in the orthopedics test, particularly on A1 (ChatGPT group: mean 46.57, SD 8.52; control group: mean 42.18, SD 9.43; P=.01), A2 (ChatGPT group: mean 60.59, SD 10.58; control group: mean 56.66, SD 9.91; P=.047), and A3/4 MCQs (ChatGPT group: mean 19.57, SD 5.48; control group: mean 16.46, SD 4.58; P=.002). At the end of the semester, we found that the ChatGPT group performed better on final examinations in surgery (ChatGPT group: mean 76.54, SD 9.79; control group: mean 72.54, SD 8.11; P=.02) and obstetrics and gynecology (ChatGPT group: mean 75.98, SD 8.94; control group: mean 72.54, SD 8.66; P=.04) than the control group. ChatGPT answers orthopedics-related MCQs accurately, and students using it excel in both short-term and long-term assessments. Our findings strongly support ChatGPT's integration into medical education, enhancing contemporary instructional methods. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Chictr2300071774; https://www.chictr.org.cn/hvshowproject.html ?id=225740&v=1.0.

The implementation of a diversified teaching model can enhance the quality and efficacy of dental materials science.

Dental materials science is one of the fundamental disciplines in stomatology, encompassing clinical areas such as orthodontics, prosthodontics, and endodontics. Due to its extensive knowledge base, strong professional nature, and wide scope, teaching dental materials science presents a challenge. This study aimed to enhance the application of dental materials science in oral teaching by comparing the effectiveness of different teaching methods. This research project was evaluated by the Xi'an Jiaotong University Committee on Human Subjects Research and approved as exempt research. A total of 56 clinical stomatology students from the first year and second year cohorts at the Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were selected for the study. The first year cohort served as the nonteaching reform class, while the second year cohort formed the teaching reform class. The impact of the teaching reform was assessed through a questionnaire survey and final examination results. The questionnaire survey of students in the teaching reform class indicated a significant improvement in their interest in professional courses and overall satisfaction with the teaching. Additionally, the final examination results revealed a significantly greater rate of excellence among students in the teaching reform class than among those in the nonteaching reform class, with no students failing. The use of diverse teaching modes can enhance the quality and effectiveness of dental materials science instruction, offering a new approach for improving teaching in this discipline.

MỐI LIÊN HỆ GIỮA VỊ TRÍ CHỖ NGỒI TRONG LỚP HỌC VỚI KẾT QUẢ HỌC TẬP MÔN HỌC “MẠNG MÁY TÍNH”

The paper investigates the correlation between seating positions in the classroom and academic performance in the subject of Computer Networks, specifically focusing on students from the Faculty of Information Technology at Thai Nguyen University of Information and Communication Technology. The research methodology employed scenarios, situations, interview questions, and real experimental cases involving 500 students. These students were assigned different seating arrangements in classrooms throughout the course, from the beginning to the end. Through specific input data, the study quantitatively assessed the relatively accurate research outcomes, based on the final exam results. The research results, comparisons, and practical evaluations indicate that seating positions are related to students' academic performance. Specifically, students achieving grades of C or higher are predominantly found in the front and middle rows, while those with grades below C are in the remaining rows

Optimising Arabic Language Learning Management: Digitalisation Efforts

The background of this research includes the complexity of challenges in managing Arabic language learning, especially with limited resources and the massive development of digital technology. This study aims to identify the strategies and steps the Head of the study program took in utilizing technology to digitalize Arabic language learning. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with the Head of the study program and participatory observation of the digitalization efforts made. The results obtained from the research show that there are three stages of digitalization efforts. First, the collaboration between Arabic Language Education lecturers is planned to revise the curriculum and upgrade semester implementation plans. Second, implementation should be done using interactive Arabic learning models and technology-based learning media. Third, monitoring the learning process between lecturers and students, student learning progress, reviewing the results of midterm and final semester exams and facilitating communication between lecturers and students regarding learning problems. Hopefully, this research can provide recommendations for other educational institutions in optimizing Arabic language learning management.

Feature selection techniques and classification algorithms for student performance classification: a review

The process of categorizing students’ performance based on input data, encompassing demographic information and final exam results, is recognized as student performance classification. Educational data mining has gained traction in assessing students’ performance. However, this study entails the need to analyze the diverse attributes of students’ information within an educational institution by using data mining techniques. This study thoroughly examines both previous and current methodologies presented by researchers, addressing two main aspects: data preprocessing and classification algorithms applied in student performance classification. Data preprocessing specifically delves into the exploration of feature selection techniques, encompassing three types of feature selection and search methods. These techniques aim to identify the most significant features, eliminate unnecessary ones, and reduce data dimensionality. In addition, classification algorithms play a crucial role in categorizing or predicting student performance. Models such as k-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (DT), artificial neural networks (ANN), and linear models (LR) were scrutinized based on their performance in prior research. Ultimately, this study highlights the potential for further exploration of feature selection techniques like information gain, Chi-square, and sequential selection, particularly when applied to new datasets such as students’ online learning activities, utilizing a variety of classification algorithms.

The significance of foreign language Geography teaching in the dual language secondary school programmes of the Northern Great Plain region

Dual language education has been present in numerous institutions across the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary. Educational centres across the region have been running dual language programmes in secondary grammar schools and vocational schools for decades. As regional centre and traditional educational hub, Debrecen is also represented by a number of schools offering international programmes. Although recent socioeconomic and education policy changes have forced schools for constant renewal, bilingualism in educational programmes managed to remain popular, partly due to the achievements of foreign language subject teaching. Through the alignment of subject-specific content and the development of language competence, this form of education effectively contributes to the improvement of students’ language skills, shapes their mindset and expands their further education and increases their market value as potential workforce. This study will explore the role and impact of foreign language Geography teaching across the secondary schools of the Northern Great Plain region through the lens of teaching and educational research, by discussing some of the relevant regional findings of a broader PhD dissertation (including school visits, final exam results and a recent nationwide teacher survey). Research findings prove that Geography has been a popular subject choice to be taught in foreign languages: it has been present in the majority of the 15 dual language secondary schools of the region, it has been playing an important role in vocational school programmes and it has been chosen as final exam subject by nearly 1,000 candidates.

Blepharotomy Versus Levator Recession With Adjustable Sutures for Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease.

To compare outcome, complications and surgical time of blepharotomy versus levator recession with adjustable sutures (LRWAS) for correction of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease. In the period 2019-2023, we performed a prospective randomized comparative study between blepharotomy and LRWAS. We examined patients, recorded time consumption, and obtained photographs preoperatively, 1 day, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. Outcome was categorized according to Mourits and Sasim`s classification from 1999 (perfect-acceptable-unacceptable). A total of 30 patients (25 women) with a median (range) age of 51.5 (34-74) years at surgery were included. A significant different ( p < 0.01) median operation time was found between blepharotomy (41.5 (17-105) minutes) and LRWAS (68 (35-101) minutes). Median time from operation to last examination was 6 (6-18) months. Fifteen patients (24 eyelids) were operated with blepharotomy and 15 patients (25 eyelids) with LRWAS. Preoperative median margin reflex distance 1 was 6.5 (5-8) mm, and at final visit, median margin reflex distance 1 was 3.5 (3-4) mm after blepharotomy and 3.5 (2-5.5) mm after LRWAS. Reoperation was performed in 11 eyelids, 10 due to overcorrection and 1 because of a residual retraction. Significantly more eyelids needed reoperation after LRWAS (n = 9) compared with blepharotomy (n = 2). At final examination, a perfect or acceptable result was found in 14 (93%) patients after both procedures. Significantly shorter total duration of all visits was observed after treatment with blepharotomy (50 (35-70) minutes) compared with LRWAS (65 (40-115) minutes). Wound dehiscence occurred in 1 patient after blepharotomy, and 1 postoperative infection was observed after LRWAS. We demonstrate equally high success rates after blepharotomy and LRWAS for correcting upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease, but blepharotomy is less time-consuming and implies fewer reoperations.

A Model of Adaptive Assessment for Mobile Learning in an Open and Distance Education University of Pakistan

The use of technology has become inevitable in every field of life including the education. The distance learning is also shaping towards smart online learning, therefore, posing many challenges of content development and delivery through the smart devices. One of the challenges is the development of adaptive assessment for anytime and anywhere mobile learning. The COVID-19 has posed an extra requirement of reshaping pedagogies on hand-held devices. The current study takes up these challenges and proposes a model of adaptive assessment for mobile learning. The Item Response Theory has been employed to estimate the learning ability and tailor a personalized learning trajectory. The model was implemented on a bachelor level course offered by an open university of Pakistan. A mobile application was developed and one hundred and eighteen students were enrolled. They used the app in addition to other traditional activities for a duration of one semester. The result of final examination of adaptive batch was compared with the previous same course offered through the traditional distant learning mode. The result showed sizeable improvement in the knowledge level of the distant learners. This research opens up an avenue of anywhere and anytime learning through the use of smart devices. It can help policymakers, educationists and technologists to align their online learning practices during the current pandemic. &#x0D;

Enhancing course management and student monitoring through the myStudentStatus application: A user perception study

myStudentStatus is a student course status tracking system that has been developed to address the challenges academic advisors face in managing and monitoring student course status. This system provides academic advisors with comprehensive information about students’ final exam results and their performance in each course they have taken in quickly and accurately monitoring students’ academic progress. This system has also been able to assist academic advisors in identifying students who may be at risk of falling behind or dropping out of a course. This includes the student’s course status, including grades, completion of prerequisites and overall academic performance. This quantitative study involved 57 respondents consisting of lecturers and students of Polytechnic Kuching Sarawak. Overall, 100% of respondents acknowledged the effectiveness of the myStudentStatus application where the response for each evaluation item received the approval of respondents above 80%. This user-friendly myStudentStatus application is instrumental in increasing the productivity of academic advisors, reducing errors and indirectly improving student support services. By leveraging technology to streamline administrative processes, myStudentStatus contributes to a more efficient and effective education system that benefits both academic advisors and students.

Вятские церковно-певческие курсы А. Н.Карасева 1903-1904 гг. как пример региональной музыкально-педагогической инициативы

This article is devoted to the church singing courses held in the city of Vyatka in 1903 and 1904. Short–term singing courses are one of the forms of musical and pedagogical education, which was widespread in Russia in late XIX - early XX century. The organizers of the courses and teachers at them were famous musical figures. The purpose of this article is to expand information about church singing courses in Russia and the musical and pedagogical activities of A.N.Karasev. Karasev, an outstanding music teacher, regent and author of numerous manuals on church singing, was invited to Vyatka to organize folk singing activities. During 1903 and 1904, he organized three streams of singing courses in the city. The main objectives of the courses were to train the leaders of folk choirs for the Vyatka province and to train teachers to teach church singing in schools. Teachers and regents from different counties of the Vyatka province came to the courses. There were no professional musicians among them. During the courses, students studied music theory, learned to sing by notes, trained to manage a choir, studied spiritual and secular chants, and learned to play the violin. Theoretical classes were closely connected with practice. In total, about 300 people were trained at the courses. Students of the courses have achieved great success in a relatively short time. Their achievements are confirmed by the results of final exams, surveys about their subsequent activities, testimonies of clergy and people who checked schools. The article discusses in detail the circumstances of the emergence of courses, as well as some organizational and pedagogical features. Vyatka singing courses are an example of a regional musical and pedagogical initiative, the successful implementation of which became possible thanks to the support of representatives of state, church and educational institutions, the pedagogical system and the work of the course leader, the motivation of the listeners.

Comparison of Learning Outcomes Between the Merdeka Curriculum and the 2013 Curriculum in Pancasila and Citizenship Education Subjects at the Junior High School Level

This study aims to determine the learning outcomes of Civics subjects from different curricula, namely the independent curriculum and the 2013 curriculum, which can provide a clearer picture of the effectiveness of each curriculum in teaching Civics to students. The research method uses a quantitative approach with an ex post facto design. The research population was all students in SMP Negeri 9 Surakarta and SMP Negeri 9 Surakarta class VIII totaling 64 students. Sampling was done by simple random sampling technique. The data collection technique used in this study was primary data collection in the form of final semester exam results (UAS) in the even semester of the 2022/2023 school year. The data analysis technique uses inferential analysis techniques, namely the t-test, and the t-test used is the independent sample t-test. The results showed that the independent curriculum at SMP Negeri 9 Surakarta had higher learning outcomes, namely 86.32 compared to the 2013 curriculum learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 23 Surakarta, namely 78.32.

Predicting student final examination result using regression model based on student activities in learning management system

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Learning analytics (LA) is the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of data about learners and their contexts to understand and optimize learning and the environments in which it occurs. Most teaching and learning (T &amp;amp; L) data was obtained from learning management systems (LMS), such as Moodle platform. However, this data is not utilized for teaching purposes, for example, learning how students’ activities can influence the final exam marks. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Therefore, this study aims to find a correlation and develop a prediction model between students’ activities, independent variables known as LMS factors, against dependence variables, which are students’ final results. Besides, four non-LMS factors (race, sponsorship, admission requirements and final coursework marks) were also included in the research to obtain the best model. The regression analysis, models are used to predict the outcomes by evaluating the accuracies of testing data. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings reveal that the best model utilizes Simple Linear Regression (SLR) with coursework as an independent variable, resulting in an average error difference (AED) of only 1.8. The remaining experiments produced AED results ranging from 2.74 to 7.58 using Multilinear Regression (MR). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; in summary, this study provides a significant finding that demonstrates the potential of utilizing LMS activities to predict final marks, enabling lecturers to enhance their students’ results.&lt;/p&gt;

College English teaching integrating mental health education on alleviating students’ mental disorders

BackgroundMental health education is an essential part of China’s current education industry. Its main task is to provide psychological education to students through scientific means, effectively improve their psychological quality, and thereby enhance their comprehensive abilities. In college English teaching, English education is also significant teaching content. Therefore, this study aims to integrate mental health education into college English teaching to improve students’ psychological barriers.Subjects and MethodsThe study takes a class of students from a particular university as an example, combining English teaching with mental health education, and the experimental period is one semester. After the experiment, the student’s English learning situation was evaluated based on their exam scores, and the experimental data was analyzed using the software SPSS23.0.ResultsThe experimental results show that the English teaching method integrating mental health education has a good effect on improving students’ psychological barriers. According to the final English exam results, 53% of students in the class have achieved varying degrees of improvement in English grades. At the same time, the questionnaire survey results show that psychological barriers have been alleviated, and their psychological quality has been improved.ConclusionsThe English teaching method that integrates mental health education has a good effect on alleviating students’ psychological barriers. At the same time, the interest in English education among students has been enhanced, improving English grades.

Evaluation of the effect of intraoperative frozen section on overall timeliness and survival in lung cancer surgery

Background/Aim: We aimed to find out whether there is any delay in the management of the process in patients operated on for lung cancer and to understand the effect of intraoperative frozen section on this process.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: 176 patients were analyzed in total. The dates of admission, diagnosis, operation, and postoperative pathology results were noted. Five intervals were defined as time from first evaluation to diagnosis, first evaluation to surgery, diagnosis to surgery, first evaluation to the day of the postoperative pathology report, and diagnosis to the day of the postoperative pathology report.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The majority of patients (81.8%) were male, and the median age was 63 years (iqr = 11). The median time between the first assessment and the final pathological examination result was 62 days (iqr = 70). The time from initial presentation to surgery was significantly shorter (p 0.001), and the time from diagnosis to final pathology was also significantly shorter (p 0.001) in patients diagnosed by frozen section. However, there was no significant difference in the time from initial evaluation to diagnosis between the two groups (0.052). There was no significant difference in survival between patients diagnosed by freezing and patients diagnosed by other methods (p = 0.508).&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: Solutions to increase the timeliness of care for patients with lung cancer can be designed with a better understanding of delays. Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis improves overall timeliness but has no effect on survival in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery.

How the results of state secondary high school final exams influence the average grade and duration of undergraduate study at Faculty of forestry and wood technology, University of Zagreb?

Istraživanje je motivirano raspravom kako rezultati državne mature utječu na uspjeh prijediplomskog studija: prosječna ocjena i trajanje prijediplomskog studija. Na državnoj maturi su tri obvezna predmeta: matematika (MATH), hrvatski (CRO) i strani (FORL) jezik. MATH i CRO se mogu polagati na dvije razine (viša i niža). Analizirani su podaci iz upitnika među 257 diplomanata od 2016. do 2018. Višestrukom regresijom analizirano je da li i kako ocjene predmeta iz državne mature utječu na uspjeh prijediplomskog studija: prosječnu ocjenu i trajanje studija. Kako bismo povezali ove rezultate, koristili smo kanoničku korelaciju kao poveznicu višestruke regresije i korelacijske analize. Analiziran je odnos između dva skupa varijabli, ocjene mature: MATH, CRO i FORL i uspjeha na prijediplomskom studiju: trajanje i prosječna ocjena studija. Ocjena mature iz matematike je statistički značajan prediktor prosječne ocjene i trajanja prijediplomskog studija. Što je viša ocjena iz MATH to je viša prosječna ocjena studija i kraće je trajanje studija. Prva kanonička varijata za uspjeh na prijediplomskom studiju ima veću težinu prosječne ocjene od trajanja studija.

Course Recommendation Application for Admission to University

Studying in Higher Education institutions has been the dream of many students who completed their post-secondary schools. This study aims to assist the students in their decision for admission to the program courses offered at Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL). A wide variety of technical program courses are offered on UniKL’s twelve campuses. Every campus institute has specific specialisation program courses. Students who wished to study at UniKL usually would have to search for courses offered on various UniKL campuses. Usually, students could not decide which courses suited their personality and future career path. This study proposes a prototype application that assists and recommends the students with their course selection according to their personality and final examination results. The prototype would let the students take a personality test that allows them to understand their personality and proposes a list of UniKL courses that match their personality and examination results. Therefore, the students would have a clear view of the prospective opportunities the program courses have to offer and the direction of their future careers. The career prediction recommendation would let the students target suitable courses that match their examination results and personality.

Diagnostic effectiveness of intraoperative express histological examination as a tool to take decisions on the extent of surgery for papillary thyroid cancer

Background. In case of the screening use of high-resolution ultrasound, the level of detecting thyroid neoplasms is about 25 % in the population. Ultrasound criteria are not enough to detect carcinoma. The following methods are used for the differential diagnosis of malignant thyroid neoplasms: ultrasound scans, computed tomography, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, intraoperative express histological and histopathological examination. Some authors consider FNA to be the standard method for primary morphological diagnosis of thyroid nodes. It is not always possible to conduct FNA safely. Also, FNA cannot be a method of 100% morphological identification of a primary tumor. In such cases, the extent of the surgery will depend on the data obtained from the intraoperative express histological examination. Analysis of the diagnostic effectiveness of the express histological examination will help to take a decision on the need for it when choosing the extent of a surgery on the thyroid gland. Aim of the study: to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the intraoperative express histological method in the detection of papillary thyroid cancer on solitary nodes (Bethesda IV, V) and metastases of papillary thyroid cancer during surgery. Materials and methods. The results of intraoperative express histological and pathohistological examinations performed at the Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed. The sample included materials of surgeries on the thyroid gland in case of papillary cancer T1ab-2N0–1 and solitary nodes (Bethesda IV and Bethesda V) according to data obtained using FNA. The sample size in the study of regional metastasis included 220 examinations, 845 examinations in the “gray zone” (Bethesda IV — 465, Bethesda V — 380). Cases of discrepancy between the results of intraoperative express histological and final histopathological examinations were considered. The data was processed using the EZR v. 3.4.1 statistical analysis program. Results. The sensitivity of the express histological examination in case of detecting metastases of thyroid cancer is 72.2 % with the method specificity of 99.9 %. The diagnostic efficiency in detecting metastases of thyroid cancer is 89.1 %. When the express histological examination is used for Bethesda IV nodes, the sensitivity of the method is 8 % with a specificity of almost 100 %. The diagnostic efficiency of the express histological examination is even higher in case of Bethesda V: sensitivity of 47 % with the method specificity of almost 100 %. The values obtained correlate with international data. This testifies to the need for further improvement of the of intraoperative diagnosis method. Conclusions. The diagnostic efficiency of the intraoperative express histological examination for detecting metastases of papillary thyroid cancer in the selected group is 89.1 % with sensitivity of 72.2 % and specificity of 99.9 %. The diagnostic efficiency of intraoperative express histological examination for verification of thyroid cancer in case of Bethesda IV nodes is 63.9 % with sensitivity of 8.2 % and specificity of 99.6 %. The diagnostic efficiency of intraoperative express histological examination for verification of thyroid cancer in Bethesda V nodes is 63.4 % with sensitivity of 47.3 % and specificity of 99.2 %. The intraoperative express histological examination method makes it possible to take decisions on surgical tactics during surgery within the determined limits, so we believe it reasonable to further use and improve it.

Visual outcome of methanol toxic optic neuropathy after erythropoietin treatment in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual response of methanol-induced optic neuropathy to management with erythropoietin (EPO) along with conventional therapy. This retrospective case series examines the ophthalmological data of patients diagnosed with methanol-induced optic neuropathy between 2020 and 2021 at two centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients' characteristics and the results of initial and final ophthalmological examinations were documented and compared between patients who received EPO in addition to conventional management and those who received only conventional management. A total of nine cases were reviewed, of which eight (88.9%) were males and one was female (11.1%). The mean age was 37.7 years. At presentation, funduscopic examination revealed optic disc edema in four eyes (two patients), and 14 eyes had normal appearance (seven patients). Among the nine patients who received conventional management, 5 (55.6%) additionally received intravenous EPO during the treatment course. There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in terms of visual outcome between the two groups. The mean visual acuity at the final presentation was 1.32 ± 0.79 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) in the EPO group and 1.36 ± 0.85 LogMAR in the non-EPO group. Optical coherence tomography indicated that the EPO group had an average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of 48.13μm (±6.2), at the final assessment. Managing the visual impairments in individuals with methanol-induced optic neuropathy using intravenous EPO resulted in similar final visual outcomes compared to conventional management.

Kedudukan Laporan Akhir Hasil Pemeriksaan (LAHP) Ombudsman Ditinjau Dari Fiqih Siyasah dan Undang-Undang

Maladministration cases that often occur can harm a number of people. Therefore, it is necessary to have an agency that specifically accepts reports on these matters, namely the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia. In the process, the report will be concluded in the Final Examination Results Report (LAHP) regarding whether or not the case is proven. This study aims to examine the position of the Final Examination Report Report (LAHP) in the Siyasah Fiqh and Law Number 37 of 2008 concerning the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem is how is the Position of the Ombudsman Final Examination Report (LAHP) in terms of Fiqh Siyasah and Law Number 37 of 2008 concerning the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia? The type of research used in this study is empirical. While the approach used in this study is the Sociological Legal Approach (Sociological Juridical). This research was conducted through interviews and study of documents, files and annual reports as well as books and other related documents. The research location is the Ombudsman Representative of South Sumatra. The results of the study concluded that first, in terms of the Fiqh Siyasah Ombudsman, it is included in the Wilayatul Hisbah which is obliged to uphold 'Amr Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar among public service providers. Second, the position of the LAHP in review based on the law has been recognized by the state and must be carried out by the reported party or the reported superior based on the hierarchy of laws in force in Indonesia.