Fin Base Length Research Articles

Evaluation of body performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Efforts to improve the quality of fish seeds can be done by using quality broodstock which includes having the right body shape. This study aimed to evaluate the body performance of male and female Sultana strain tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which were to be used in hatchery activities. A total of 35 male and 35 female broodstock were evaluated for body size using a ruler. Measurements of 12 morphological characters: total length (TL), standard length (SL), head length (HL), pre-dorsal length (PrDL), pre-pectoral length (PrPL), pre-pelvic length (PrPeL), pre-pelvic length (PrPeL), anal length (PrAL), anal fin length (AFL), dorsal fin base length (DFL), body height (BH), caudal peduncle height (CPH), and dorsal anal length distance (DAL). The ratio between the character values of SL, HL, PrDL, PrPL, PrPeL, PrAL, AFL, DFL, BH, CPH, DAL, and TL were analyzed descriptively. The results of the analysis showed that the average value of the ratio of length characters (SL/TL, HL/TL, DF, and AFL/TL), height character (BH/TL), and diagonal character (DAL/TL) were higher in the male broodstock than in the female broodstock. On the other hand, other length characters (PrDL/TL, PrPL/TL, PrPeL/TL, PrAL/TL) and height characters (CPH/TL) had the same values in the male and female broodstock. In general, the size of the male broodstock used tended to be larger than the female broodstock.

The potential of arc-shaped fins for expedited solidification in triplex-tube latent heat storage: Parametric investigation

Phase change materials (PCMs) enable efficient thermal energy storage (TES) but suffer from poor thermal response. This study introduces and optimizes a novel arc-shaped fin configuration to improve heat recovery during PCM solidification in a horizontal triplex-tube TES unit. The effects of fin base length and inter-fin angle on solidification time, temperature distribution, and heat recovery rate are systematically analyzed. An asymmetric base length of 15 mm for internal fins and 10 mm for external fins substantially expedites solidification. This is attributed to enhanced heat conduction from the larger surface area of longer internal fins and increased natural convection from reduced external fin blockage. Furthermore, compact 0° inter-fin angles create extensive fin-free zones that encourage convection. The optimized arc-shaped fins reduce solidification time by about 75 % and elevate heat recovery rate by 284 % versus no fins. They also significantly outperform conventional longitudinal fins, which only achieved 47 % faster solidification and 80 % greater heat recovery over no fins. This highlights the profoundly favorable solidification enhancement and temperature uniformity offered by properly designed arc-shaped fins.

Jenis Kelamin Ikan Nilem (Osteochilus hasseltii) Berdasarkan Truss Morfometrik di Sungai Banjaran, Kabupaten Banyumas

Osteochilus hasseltii belongs to the Cyprinidae family and is a native species in the Banjaran River. Populations of O. hasseltii that are continuously exploited can cause the population to decrease and cause an imbalance between males and females. This study aims to determine differences in morphology and sex of O. hasseltii. The research method uses a survey method and purposive random sampling at two stations, namely Kober Village and Kedung Wuluh Village. A total of 16 individuals of O. hasseltii (8 males and 8 females) were caught using fishing rods. About 24 morphometric truss distances were measured using Image-J software. Normality and homogeneity tests need to be done before conducting the t-test. Data analysis used the t-test with the help of Minitab software. The morphological characters of O. hasseltii seen from the dendogram can be seen that each truss distance measured on male O. hasseltii has a similarity of above 90% so that the morphological differences and the similarities are small. Whereas in female O.hasseltii, the similarity exceeds 75% at each truss distance so that the distinguishing character of female O.hasseltii can be seen from the truss distance which has a small similarity, namely Anal-fin base length (Q) of 76.14% and Upper-jaw length (D) of 86.3%. The results of the t-test showed 8 morphometric truss distances that could be used as a distinguishing feature of male and female O. hasseltii is Snout-supraoccipital distance, Snout length, Snout-pectoral distance, Snout-gill distance, Postorbital head length, Gill-pelvic distance, Dorsal-pelvic distance, and Dorsal fin base length. Therefore, the morphometric truss can be used to differentiate the sex of O. hasseltii.

Exostoma dhritiae, a new sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Brahmaputra River drainage, Arunachal Pradesh, India

A new species of sisorid catfish of the genusExostomais described from the Siang River in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. The new species,Exostoma dhritiae, can be distinguished from congeners by the condition of the posterior extremity of the adipose-fin base, the degree of tuberculation on the dorsal surface of the head, and the shape of striae on the anterolateral surface of lips. Further, it is distinguished by the morphometric data for the body depth at the anus, maxillary barbel length, adipose fin base length, caudal peduncle length, caudal peduncle depth and the number of branched pectoral-fin rays. It is the twentieth reported species of Exostoma.

Analysis of Morphometric and Gene of Bombay-duck (Harpodon nehereus) in Tarakan Waters

Bombay-duck (Harpadon nehereus) was one of economically valuable fish at Tarakan waters. This fish was caught by trawl and jermal. In this study, samples were taken from two fishing area, that were Juata and Amal. 20 characters morphometric was measure carried out on 100 samples from each area. Molecular identification and phylogeny of this species used Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene. The phylogenetic tree was constructed used MEGA 5.0 program. There were 5 significantly different characters between sample from Juata and Amal, that were body weight (P = 0.00), distance between pelvic and anal fins (P = 0.001), caudal fin height (P = 0.009), pelvic fin base length (P = 0.015), and dorsal fin base length (P = 0.031). Molecular identification showed that samples were the same species. The genetic distance between samples from Juata and Amal was 0 (zero).

A new species of leaf fish, Nandus banshlaii (Perciformes: Nandidae) from West Bengal, India

Nandus banshlaii, sp. nov. described from the Banshlai River of West Bengal. This species is distinguished from all its congeners in having a golden brown body in live and a combination of characters like longest head and snout length (44.28% SL and 35.58% HL respectively) and from its two Indian congeners in containing largest eye diameter (22.22% HL), longest pre-dorsal length (47.16% SL), shortest pectoral fin length (14.60% SL) and smallest dorsal fin base length (45.53% SL).Like all three congeners of Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna river basin of Gangetic delta it possess a dark spot on caudal peduncle. To differentiate the present species from other two Indian congeners of Nandus, N. nandus and N. andrewi, PCA and heatmap is performed and a key of all three species is also provided.

Determination of the average intraocular pressure values, optimum anesthesia dose and phenotypic characteristics in Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus)

This research was carried out to determine the intraocular pressure values, optimum anesthesia dose and phenotypic characteristics in Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus). A total of 11 adult, male Oscar fish were used in the study. Optimum anesthesia dose, pre-and post-anesthesia intraocular pressure values and phenotypic measurements (total length, fork length, standard length, dorsal fin base length, head length, body length, eye diameter, body depth, pectoral length, pelvic fin bottom length, anal fin bottom length) were determined and reference values specific to this fish species were obtained by performing a statistical analysis. When exposed to 3 cc/L of the concentrations, fish achieved a deep state of anesthesia (induction time 1.31 min; recovery time 6.42 min). The most balanced anesthesia without risking vital functions was achieved using Clove oil with a dose of 2.5 cc/L. Compared to the other dimensions, total length, fork length and standard length were the most consistent body measurements with high positive correlations. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was seen in both eyes between the intraocular pressure values before (5.36-5.86) and after (5.59-5.36) anesthesia. It is recommended that the ideal concentration of clove oil was 2.5 cc/L to reduce stress and injury damage during handling procedures. Additionally, intraocular pressure values, body measurements and Clove oil optimum anesthesia dose obtained in this study can be used as reference values for Oscar fish raised in aquarium conditions.

Morphobiological characteristics and taxonomic status of weather loaches (Misgurnus) in the Pad Bolshaya (Middle Amur River)

Morphological signs (32 plastic and 7 meristic) and biological parameters (size, weight, age and sexual structure, fecundity) are considered for weather loaches of gen. Misgurnus inhabiting the Pad Bolshaya (Jewish Autonomous oblast), with the body length Ad 60.2-182.4 mm, body weigh 2.3-55.3 g, age 1-8 years and sex ratio about 1 : 1 (53 % males, 47 % females). Sexual dimorphism is found for antedorsal, anteventral and ventroanal distances, tail fin base length, base length and height of pectoral, pelvic and anal fins, and maximum body height. Ontogenetic variability of morphological indices in dependence on body length is detected for 26 of 32 plastic signs, whereas the dependence of anteanal, antedorsal, pectoventral, and anteventral distances, and maximum and minimum body height on the body length is not statistically significant. Males grow slower than females. Age of puberty is 4-6 years, mean individual absolute fecundity is 7409 eggs. The analysis concluded that the weather loaches Misgurnus in the Pad Bolshaya belonged to the species Misgurnus nikolskyi (Vasil’eva, 2001).

Using fisher-contributed secondary fins to fill critical shark-fisheries data gaps.

Developing-world shark fisheries are typically not assessed or actively managed for sustainability; one fundamental obstacle is the lack of species and size-composition catch data. We tested and implemented a new and potentially widely applicable approach for collecting these data: mandatory submission of low-value secondary fins (anal fins) from landed sharks by fishers and use of the fins to reconstruct catch species and size. Visual and low-cost genetic identification were used to determine species composition, and linear regression was applied to total length and anal fin base length for catch-size reconstruction. We tested the feasibility of this approach in Belize, first in a local proof-of-concept study and then scaling it up to the national level for the 2017-2018 shark-fishing season (1,786 fins analyzed). Sixteen species occurred in this fishery. The most common were the Caribbean reef (Carcharhinus perezi), blacktip (C. limbatus), sharpnose (Atlantic [Rhizoprionodon terraenovae] and Caribbean [R. porosus] considered as a group), and bonnethead (Sphyrna cf. tiburo). Sharpnose and bonnethead sharks were landed primarily above size at maturity, whereas Caribbean reef and blacktip sharks were primarily landed below size at maturity. Our approach proved effective in obtaining critical data for managing the shark fishery, and we suggest the tools developed as part of this program could be exported to other nations in this region and applied almost immediately if there were means to communicate with fishers and incentivize them to provide anal fins. Outside the tropical Western Atlantic, we recommend further investigation of the feasibility of sampling of secondary fins, including considerations of time, effort, and cost of species identification from these fins, what secondary fin type to use, and the means with which to communicate with fishers and incentivize participation. This program could be a model for collecting urgently needed data for developing-world shark fisheries globally. Article impact statement: Shark fins collected from fishers yield data critical to shark fisheries management in developing nations.

Morphology, biology and parasite fauna of the least cisco (Coregonus sardinella) of the Yenisei River

In the present study, we present an analysis of the morphological and ecological characteristics of the “turukhanskaja” form of the Siberian least cisco of the Yenisei River, including the characters of the size-age, sexual composition of the population, fecundity and growth. The variability of 34 morphological characters was studied. Significant differences were noted between males and females of the least cisco of the Yenisei River for 11 morphometric characters (head length, maximum body depth, caudal peduncle length, antepectoral distance, dorsal fin base length and dorsal fin depth, anal fin base length, pectoral fin length, head width, head (at nape), interorbital width). Significant differences in meristic characters were revealed in comparison of the least cisco from the Yenisei River with populations of Siberian least cisco from other water bodies. It was shown that the Yenisei least cisco is close to the European vendace Coregonus albula Linnaeus, 1758 not only according to cluster hierarchical analysis for some meristic and morphometric features but also in terms of growth and fecundity. In general, the Yenisei least cisco, as well as other populations of least cisco of the Taimyr, is characterized by heterogeneity in the structure of populations. The parasite fauna of Yenisei’s Siberian cisco, captured in the area of Dudinka town, consists of 17 species of parasites from seven systematic groups. It is dominated by Diphyllobothrium ditremum (Creplin, 1825) and Discocotyle sagittata (Leuckart, 1842). The feature of the parasite fauna of least cisco from Yenisei River in comparison with the Ob River (neighbouring water basin) is a low infection with trematodes and a high species diversity of Acanthocephala. The reason for the low infection with trematodes may be differences in the hydrological conditions of the water bodies, which in the Yenisei are unfavourable for the development of intermediate hosts of trematodes. Siberian cisco from the Yenisei River is a carrier of Diphyllobothrium dendriticum (Nitzsh, 1824), a species that can cause human disease.

Quantification of morphological variations among populations of Channa gachua (Hamilton, 1822) from different geographical locations in India

Morphological variations among distinctly distributed populations of Channa gachua (Hamilton, 1822) from three different geographical locations in India, viz., Gangetic Plains (GP), Western Hills and Plateau (WHP) and Eastern Himalaya (EH), were studied based on 200 specimens collected from these regions. The average total length of C. gachua was recorded as 128.5±4.0 mm, 126.3±5.5 mm and 123.1±6.9 mm from GP, WHP and EH, respectively. The analysis revealed variations in sixteen morphometric variables out of twenty measured variables among the GP and other two populations (p<0.05), except eye diameter, head width, anal fin base length and caudal fin length. However, WHP and EH populations did not show any significant difference among the measured characters. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that first three PCs explained 90.12% of the total variance. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) revealed that 108 out of 200 fish samples (54.0%) were correctly classified to the actual sampling locations whereas remaining samples (46.0%) showed overlapping spatial distribution. The corrected classification rate of each population ranged from 24 to 67%. It is concluded that despite morphometric variability in head and jaws, features among GP and other two populations studied, the three must still be considered to be of the same species. The study indicates the existence of two distinct stocks of C. gachua; - one in the Gangetic Plains and another in Western Hills and Plateau and Eastern Himalayan regions.

Morphometric and meristic characteristics of an endemic Lagusia micracanthus Bleeker, 1860 in the rivers of Maros and Wallanae Cenrana Watersheds

Pirik (Lagusia micracanthus Bleeker, 1860) is one of endemic fishes in Sulawesi. Morphometric and meristic information of Pirik population in various habitats are unknown. The present study aimed to determine the morphometric and meristic variation of Pirik in Maros and Wallanae Cenrana watersheds. Sampling collection was carried out monthly from May 2018 to April 2019 in the Maros watershed, namely Pattunuang River (M1), Bantimurung River (M2), Pucak River (M3); and in Wallanae Cenrana watershed particularly in Camba River (W1), Sanrego River (W2), and Ompo River (W3). Morphometric measurements consisted of 31 characters and meristic measurements consisted of 10 characters. Morphometric data was standardized by dividing all morphometric characters by standard length (SL). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and discriminant analysis (Discriminant Function Analysis) were applied for data analysis. The results showed that the Pirik taken from rivers in the Maros and Wallanae Cenrana watershed are two different population groups. There are 12 distinguishing morphometric features for Pirik of the Maros and Wallanae Cenrana watershed, i.e. TL (total length), SL (standard length), BDdSA (body depth-dorsal fin origin), HL (head length), Jlup (upper-jaw length), PAfL (pre-anal fin length), ABL (Anal fin base length), PelRL (pelvic ray length), AFRL (anal fin ray length), CPL (caudal peduncle length), CLLup (upper caudal lobe length) and CLLmid (mid-caudal length). There is no significant difference of meristic characters of Pirik obtained from the Maros and Wallanae Cenraa watersheds.

Biological properties of European bitterling Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) in Dinsiz Stream, Turkey

The aim of this article was to some morphometric characteristics of Rhodeus amarus from Dinsiz Stream. A morphological analysis of 21 morphometric characters were done. These characteristics total length (TL); fork length (FL); standard length (SL); predorsal length; dorsal fin base length; dorsal fin length; head length; pretorbital length; eye diameter; postorbital length; interorbital distance; body height; preanal distance; anal fin base length; anal fin length; pectoral fin base length; pectoral fin length; ventral fin base length; ventral fin length; caudal peduncle depth and weight (W). The samples were measured weight to the nearest 0.01 g and total, fork and standard length to the nearest 0.01 mm. The total length (TL) and weight (W min-max) of the fish were 4.2- 7.1 cm and 1.699- 7.444 g, respectively.Keywords: Rhodeus amarus; European bitterling; morphometric properties; Dinsiz Stream Turkey

Morphological differences between an artificial lentic and adjacent lotic environments in a characid species

Dam constructions cause fundamental changes in the natural landscape, creating new ecological and evolutionary challenges for aquatic organisms. In some cases, such water impoundments have been related with morphological changes in organisms. Understanding how populations respond to rapid environmental changes imposed by dams is the first step to elucidate the consequences that disturbed habitats may have on species evolution. In this work, we analyzed shape and size variation in Bryconamericus iheringii Boulenger 1887 from the Chasqueiro stream basin, south of Brazil, which was recently dammed. We used linear measurements and geometric morphometrics to identify morphological differences among specimens from the reservoir (lentic habitat) compared to the habitat upstream and downstream of the dam (lotic habitats). We also tested for size- and shape-related sexual dimorphism to determine whether variations observed were the same for both sexes. We found that B. iheringii from the artificial reservoir were distinct in shape and size to those from their natural habitat in the stream. The size variation between environments was the same for both sexes, but the shape variation differed between males and females. Regarding the linear measurements, lotic populations were larger (greater body length, width, pectoral fin base length and caudal peduncle length), probably in response to increased swimming activity. Regarding body shape, we found that both sexes have a more fusiform body in lotic habitats than in the reservoir. In addition, females showed an altered mouth position that was distinct between these environments. This work indicates that the water reservoir seems to be an important factor influencing morphological variation in B. iheringii, a species with sexual shape dimorphism.

Growth and Body Development of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fattened in Floating Cages Based on Commercial Feed in Benin

This work evaluates the growth and body development of Oreochromis niloticus in floating cages in the Toho Lake of Benin. Thus, 6000 juvenile monosex male with an average initial weight of 8.87 ± 4.89 g and average initial total length of 7.87 ± 1.43 cm were randomly distributed in two floating cages (5 x 5 x 2.5 m3) at the stocking density of 3000 fish/cage. The fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation, three times daily, using 45-32% crude protein commercial pelleted floating feed Skretting®. The physico-chemical parameters of lake water recorded every 72 hours during the experiment were within the suitable ranges for fish culture and were as follows: temperature (27.78 ± 0.41 °C), pH (7.55 ± 0.22), dissolved oxygen (4.03 ± 0.96 mg/l), ammonium (0.31 ± 0.18 mg/l), nitrite (0.29 ± 0.07 mg/l) and nitrate (0.27 ± 0.12 mg/l). The variables studied at the end of the 215 days of rearing were as follows: final mean total length (26.61 ± 2.99 cm), final mean standard length (22.40 ± 2.74 cm), final mean predorsal length (6.93 ± 0.94 cm), final mean head length (3.45 ± 0.58 cm), final mean dorsal fin base length (13.55 ± 2.96 cm), final mean inter-orbital width (2.97 ± 0.37 cm), final mean body height (8.57 ± 1.56 cm) and final mean caudal peduncle height (3.27 ± 0.39 cm). The zootechnical growth parameters evaluated were as follows: survival rate (91.5%), final mean body weight (402.18 ± 137.05 g), average daily weight gain (1.83 ± 0.08 g), specific growth rate (0.77 ± 0.03%/day), feed conversion ratio (1.74 ± 0.09%) and protein efficiency ratio (1.62 ± 0.06). These results compared to the literature indicate interesting growth and body development and it would be important to promote in-cage farming of Oreochromis niloticus.

Phenotypic Characteristics of the Clupeid Fish Tenualosa ilisha (Family: Clupeidae) collected from Manjhand Vicinity, Pakistan

Thirteen body proportions of the clupeid species, Tenualosailisha were investigated from Manjhand locality on the Indus River, Pakistan. Negative allometricgrowths for all morphometric traits examined were attained. The highest value of ‘b’ coefficient obtained was at its highest level for fork length (0.8834) and its lowest value for eye diameter (0.0398). The correlation coefficient value (R2) was at its lowest value for the relationship of the pectoral fin length-total fish length (0.46), the medium value of 0.77 and 0.80 were obtained for dorsal fin base length and anal fin base length respectively, while the highest value of 0.99 was attained for the relationship of both fork and standard lengths-total length and 0.98 for caudal peduncle length followed by 0.94 for the relationship of postorbital length-total fish length. The present report provides data to fishery biologists on body proportions of T. ilisha from the Indus River valley, Pakistan to support in development of management policies for this fish species.

NEW RECORD OF THE KIZILIRMAK KILLIFISH (Aphanius marassantensis Pfleiderer, Geiger & Herder, 2014) FROM SÜREYYABEY DAM LAKE IN YEŞİLIRMAK BASIN

The aim of this was to quantify morphometries characteristic of Aphanius marassantensis from Süreyyabey Dam Lake in 2016. Some morphometric characters of samples were measured. These characteristics were standard length (SL), total length (TL) body weight (W), head length, preorbital distance, eye diameter, postorbital distance, head depth, predorsal distance, prepelvic distance, preanal distance, pectoral fin - pelvic fin distance, pelvic fin - anal fin distance, body depth, dorsal fin (anterior end) – anal fin distance, dorsal fin (posterior end) – anal fin distance, postdorsal distance, postanal distance, caudal peduncle length (dorsal), caudal peduncle length (ventral), caudal peduncle depth, dorsal fin base length, anal fin base length, pectoral fin length, pelvic fin length, dorsal fin length, anal fin length. The SL of 100 individuals ranged from 20 to 38 mm. The TL of individuals were between 28 and 45 mm, and W ranged between 0.37 and 1.91 g.

Photogrammetry using in-field calibration: a non-invasive tool for predicting sex and life stages tested on Hector's dolphins in the wild

ABSTRACTAccurate data on sex and life stage are essential for building realistic population models, which in turn are essential for sustainable conservation management. This case study develops and validates an improved photogrammetry method that allows for in-field calibration. The method was used to measure Hector's dolphins’ dorsal fins in the wild. Seven independent measurements of one dolphin resulted in a coefficient of variation of 1.39% for fin base length and 2.33% for fin height. Test measurements on shore at different distances and angles resulted in a mean error smaller than 1% up to a distance of 10 m and an angle of 40°. Dorsal fin dimensions from necropsied Hector's dolphins were analysed to evaluate the potential of predicting sex and life stage based on a dorsal fin measured in the wild. Dorsal fin shape was significantly related to sex. However, sex estimations based on this model turned out to be not accurate enough to replace traditional sexing methods for Hector's dolphins. Fin base length was significantly related to life stage for females. Estimations based on this model appear to be accurate.

MEGANTHIAS KINGYO (KON, YOSHINO AND SAKURAI, 2000) (PERCIFORMES: SERRANIDAE) FROM BITUNG, NORTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA: FIRST RECORD FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN

Eight specimens of Meganthias kingyo were collected from Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia between 2008 - 2010. The specimens were caught from about 70-150 m off Lembeh Island. M. kingyo differs from M. natalensis by having the following characteristics: pores lateral line scales (43 vs. 49); pectoral rays (16 vs. ii.14); body depth (47.1 vs. 51.9); head length (31.0 vs. 38.2), body depth (47.1 vs. 52.9), caudal peduncle depth (12.1 vs. 14.2), pectoral fin length (28.0 vs. 34.3), pelvic fin length (33.6 vs. 31.1), anal fin base length (19.4 vs. 22.2), caudal fin length (66.9 vs. 35.3) and longest dorsal fin ray (48.5 vs. 27.4). Previously, this species has been reported from Houzan-sone, off Miyako and Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa, Japan; and herein is recorded from off Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Biometry of Bagrid Fish Mystus pelusius (Solander, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) from Al-Hammar Marsh, Southern Iraq

A total of 41 specimens of bagrid fish Mystus pelusius (Solander, 1794), were collected from Al-Hammar marsh, southern Iraq during December 2011 till April 2012. Meristic and morphometric characters are given. Dorsal fin containing one strong spine and 6-8 rays, anal fin 9-12 rays, total gill raker 14 on first gill arch. dorsal fin base length 14.3-16.1, Anal fin base length 9.8-13, inter dorsal - adipose fin distance 3.7-6.7, Adipose fin base length 39.3-45.2, Caudal peduncle length 19.9-26.2, Pre Anus length 49.2-55.1, all in percentage of standard length. Head width 65.19-78.2, post orbital length 42.23-47.88, eye diameter16.89-19.45, dorsal spine length 71.75-92.18, maxillary barble 201.34-245.83, and nasal barble 35.43 - 54.2 all in percentage of head length. Total number of vertebrae 44-46.