Biofilter Reactor Research Articles

Acclimatisation process of biogas production from tofu industrial wastewater using biofilter in anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR)

A biofilter is a simple technology used in an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to keep biological solids (inoculum) from being easily carried by the inlet substrate and to shorten the hydraulic retention time (HRT). The principle of a biofilter is to form a biofilm on the packed bed of the biofilter in ABR so that it contains immobilised microorganisms. This study aims to know the performance of the biofilter reactor on biogas production during the acclimatisation process. The results show biofilters shorten the HRT and effectively remove pollutants, increasing biogas production and methane quality. The total solid content decreases by around 44 %, from 0.38 % to 0.17 %. The biogas production during acclimatisation was 1806.41 L and COD removal was 95 %. The biogas composition of CH4 was 58.05 %, CO2 38.23 %, and N2 3.2 %. This study provides preliminary findings for further studies on the use of tofu wastewater as a biogas feedstock with different concentrate substrates, which is very useful for sustainability activities and improving the industry to become green.

Closed-House Biofilter Design and Performance Evaluation for Mitigating Environmental Odor Disturbances

Broiler-closed houses typically lack reduction technology, leading to environmental issues, namely odor. Processing technology can be used, namely biofilters. This study aims to design and construct a closed-house biofilter and perform a test on the biofilter to reduce odors. Odors are measured by the odor gas concentration (ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) and hedonic scale by the panel method. The biofilter consisted of an odor source (closed house), a humidifier, and a biofilter reactor. Factors that influence the size of the biofilter reactor from gas removal activities include air flow rate, retention time, and air volume. The proposed biofilter can reduce the odor from the broiler. Reactor temperature, relative humidity, and bacterial activity affect odor reduction. This successful implementation of a biofilter significantly mitigates odors in a closed-house broiler, addressing a critical environmental concern.

Denitrification enhanced by composite carbon sources in AAO-biofilter: Efficiency and metagenomics research

Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor. An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and corncob, which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic (AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage, and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2% to 96.5%. Furthermore, the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower, and the total nitrogen was reduced to less than 2 mg/L. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides, respectively. The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO3−-N to NO2−-N conversion in both AAO and the biofilter reactors, thus enabled stable reaction. The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abundance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism. The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitrification enhancement of AAO-biofilter, which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.

FAST START-UP MARINE ANAMMOX PROCESS USING INTENSIVE SHRIMP POND SOLID WASTE AS INOCULUM IN FILTER BIOREACTOR

Intensive shrimp culture waste contains high nitrogen, which can reduce water quality and environmental-carrying capacity. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a potential and economical nitrogen removal process. However, limited information is available on the application of anammox process in aquaculture. The purpose of this study was to start up an anammox process in two filter bioreactors (FtBR) based on different inoculums. Run 1 used intensive shrimp solid waste, and Run 2 used intensive shrimp solid waste and granular of fresh anammox bacteria belonging to Candidatus Brocadia fulgida. Ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 70-100 mg N L-1 each were added to filtered and sterilized seawater as synthetic wastewater and flowed to the reactor with HRT 24-hour. After 120 days, the maximum ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE), nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE), and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) for Run 1 and 2 were 82.48%, 72.58%, 0.12 kg N (m3·d)-1 and 83.06%, 63.59%, 0.10 kg N (m3·d)-1, respectively. Experiment nitrogen stoichiometric ratios of NH4+:NO2-:NO3- were 1:1.40:0.12 and 1:1.13:0.14, which were close to the stoichiometry of the anammox process. Fast start-up of anammox process was achieved using intensive shrimp solid waste as inoculum. Anammox can be a new method for developing intensive shrimp culture wastewater treatment.

Diversity of Anammox Bacteria from Landfill Treatment Plant Sludge in Tropical Area

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is known as the warm process. Tropical areas have an advantage due to their consistent temperature throughout the year. This study analyzed the diversity of anammox bacteria in the tropical area using leachate sludge from a landfill as an inoculum in a filter bioreactor (FtBR) and observed nitrogen removal performance. Ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 70, 150, and 200 mg-N/L were delivered into the reactor continuously with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and 12 h and run for 131 days at ambient tropical temperature (25–28 °C). High performance achieved with nitrogen removal rate (NRR), nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE), and ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) were 0.866 kg-N/m3.d, 99.19%, and 98.90%, respectively. The cultivated leachate sludge could perform an anammox process with four anammox species, Candidatus Brocadia fulgida, Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis, Candidatus Brocadia sp uncultured, Candidatus Jettenia sp with abundance 6.52%, 13.82%, 0.77%, and 0.69%, respectively. These findings contribute to the advancement of biotechnology in wastewater treatment, particularly in tropical countries, and highlight the potential for highly cost-effective technology.

Mixotrophic denitrification: A study on the removal of high nitrate concentration from piggery wastewater by biofilter reactors

The treatment of piggery wastewater through anaerobic fermentation and subsequent irrigation on farmland has been found to pose a risk of nitrate-nitrogen pollution in groundwater, thereby posing potential threats to human health. The scientific investigation of employing heterotrophic/autotrophic (mixotrophic) denitrification as a means to address the issue of farm wastewater containing elevated levels of nitrate nitrogen has garnered significant attention. This study employed sulfur monomers, limestone, and corn cob as microbial carriers within a biofilter system to facilitate the heterotrophic denitrification process of piggery wastewater fermentation broth. The efficacy of mixotrophic denitrification was found to surpass that of sulfur-limestone autotrophic denitrification in the treatment of nitrate-nitrogen wastewater with elevated concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen. This was evidenced by higher rates of denitrification, as well as reduced production of sulphate ions and alkalinity. The experiments on mixotrophic denitrification reaction observed a positive correlation between the content of corn cob and the relative abundance of microbial flora. Specifically, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level showed an increasing trend. Additionally, there was a proportional increase in the relative abundance of various other flora at the genus level.

Performance of Hybrid Mesh Filter Bioreactor For Textile Wastewater Treatment

The rapid growth of the textile industry, while bringing positive impacts, also brings negative effects related to the increasing amount of wastewater generated. Poorly managed wastewater can potentially create adverse effects on human health and the environment. This study evaluates the hybrid mesh filter bioreactor (MFBR) performance for textile wastewater treatment. The bioreactor was operated with a nylon mesh filter having 37 µm pore size under intermittent aeration with aeration on/off durations of 1/1 hour. Wastewater influent was degraded by microorganisms attached to biofilm carriers and filtered by an external filtration tank. The process performance was evaluated under varying concentrations of COD (600–1200 mg/L). The stable operation was achieved for around 60 days with 88.4-94.8% turbidity removal and a flux value of 102±15 L/m2·hour. Although high COD removal was observed (89.4-92.1%), only 14.3-25.2% color removal was achieved in hybrid MFBR under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4-8 hours.

The Role of Bacteria and Factors Affecting the Biodegradation of Pollutants in the Biofilter Reactor: A Review

The findings showed that several types of bacteria can help biodegrade organic pollutants, such as Comamonadacea, which can biodegrade volatile fatty acids and aromatic compounds. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria can biodegrade ammonium. Burkholderiales can biodegrade ferric ions and hydrogen. Comamonas testosteroni is able to biodegrade nitrates. Pseudomonas taiwanensis, Acinetobacter guillouiae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae can reduce copper, chromium and zinc levels. Azolla biomass reduces strontium. Rhodospirillum sp. can biodegrade cadmium, mercury, lead, and nickel. Gallionella ferruginea and Leptothrix sp. can biodegrade arsenic and manganese. Gracilaria sp. can biodegrade aluminum, chromium, and zinc. Desulfovibrio sp. can biodegrade copper, zinc, nickel, iron, and arsenic. Thiomonas sp. can biodegrade arsenic and iron. Thauera selenatis can biodegrade copper, zinc, cadmium, nickel, lead, cobalt, chromium, and mercury. Thiobacillus thiooxidans can degrade both zinc and copper. Sargassum filipendula biodegrades copper and nickel. Meanwhile, in the findings of the factors that affected biofiltration, it was identified that there were four that played a significant role such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, hydraulic retention time, organic loading rate, biological organisms, and supply nutrients. In conclusion, several types of bacteria grow and help biodegrade in biofilter reactors. This is inseparable from the supporting factors that increase the efficiency of pollutant reduction in biofilter reactors.

Low-cost ceramic filter bioreactor for treatment and reuse of residential septic tank effluent: A decentralized approach for small communities

Membrane biological reactors (MBRs) have recently become widely accepted as an advanced technology for treating domestic wastewater for improved water recovery, reuse, and recycling. The present study investigated the application of a low-cost ceramic filter bioreactor (CFBR) to treat septic tank effluent for smaller communities in Saudi Arabia (KSA). Filter fouling behavior, pollutant removal, and effluent quality were assessed under varying flux (0.2, 0.4, and 0.65 m/d) and aeration on/off cycle (60 min/60 min, 40 min/80 min, 30 min/90 min, 24 h/24 h) conditions. Operating CFBR at a flux value of 0.4 m/d ensured moderate fouling propensity, reasonable flux decline, and a higher volume of treated effluent. In the continuous aeration mode experiments, CFBR demonstrated the removal of various pollutants. Except for NO3N, CFBR effectively reduced all other pollutants of concern (BOD, COD, TSS, NH3N) in the effluent to acceptable levels meeting the water quality standards for unrestricted irrigation set by the KSA. An enhanced NO3N removal at the 24 h/24 h on/off cycle, indicating the effectiveness of cyclic aeration for promoting both nitrification/denitrification in the CFBR, with sufficient removal of other pollutants, is an original finding of the present study. Simple and cost-effective operations, high-quality effluent, and reduced energy consumption with shorter aeration duration promote the sustainability of the CFBR system for wastewater reclamation and reuse in small communities and rural settlements.

The effectiveness of Nipah fiber biofilter against tofu liquid waste in reducing COD, BOD and TSS Levels

The tofu industry during the processing produces waste in both in liquid and solid forms. Solid waste is usually used as animal feed, fertilizer, tempe or crackers. Liquid waste is used as nata de soya, paper, bioplastics, biogas, electrical energy and organic fertilizers. Small-scale tofu industry rarely utilizes tofu liquid waste and some do not carry out processing. Tofu waste contains organic substances and high suspended solids that can pollute the environment. Therefore, there is a need for waste treatment using an aerobic biofilter. The operating Hydraulic retention time was 5, 10 and 15 hours, the filter height was 135 cm and the nipah fiber height was 50 cm. The results of the biofilm attached to the biofilter reactor and palm fiber were successfully formed a brownish red biofilm which is a colony of microorganisms. The optimum time of tofu liquid waste showed a residence time of 15 hours, so that tofu liquid waste meets the quality standards based on the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesian No.5 of 2014. The effectiveness of the biofilter reactor in reducing COD is 94.24%, BOD is 95.14% and TSS is 68%.

Anammox in a biofilter reactor to treat wastewater of high strength nitrogen

An anammox biofilter reactor (A-BFR) under high total nitrogen (TN) concentration and high nitrogen loading rate (NLR) was operated for 283 days and the biomass characteristics were investigated at the end of the experiment to discuss the origin of strong impact resistance of A-BFR. The result showed TN removal rate of A-BFR reached 81.76 % averagely under the influent concentration of 525 mg/L and the NLR of 6.30 kg N/m3/d. Furthermore, A-BFR was partitioned as the core zone and the polish zone spontaneously according to the water quality along the height of reactor due to the characteristics of plug flow. Although the core zone bore an actual NLR of 17.71 kg N/m3/d, and an average free ammonia (FA) concentrations of 13.35 mg/L as well as a mean free nitrous acid (FNA) concentrations of 36.89 μg/L, it still obtained the TN removal of >80 %, which could be attributed to the high biomass of 30.67 gVSS/L comprised of biofilm and granular sludge aggregates, the high specific anammox activity up to 49.24 mg N/g VSS/d, and high extracellular polymeric substances of 148.69 mg/gVSS. In addition, the enrichment of anammox bacteria in the core zone attained over 50 %, and the dominant bacteria were unclassified_Candidatus_Brocadiaceae and Candidatus Kuenenia after the operation of 283 days. These findings revealed the unique characteristics of biomass in the core zone decided the robust capacity of A-BFR to resist high NLR and the inhibition of FA and FNA from high TN concentration, which would enrich the knowledge and understanding of anammox with plug flow reactor under higher FA and FNA concentrations, implying BFR was a robust and resilient reactor for anammox.

Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Performance in Shrimp Pond Wastewater Treatment

Intensive shrimp culture waste contains high nitrogen, reducing water quality and environmental carrying capacity. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a potential technology for nitrogen removal. This research aimed to analyze nitrogen removal performance in a filter bioreactor (FtBR). Ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 70-100 mg-N/L were added to sterilized seawater as artificial wastewater and flowed to the reactor with HRT 24-hour. After 120 days of the experiment, the maximum nitrogen removal performance with parameters ACE, NRE, NRR were 82.48%, 72.58%, 0.12 kg-N/m3·d, respectively. The nitrogen stoichiometric ratio NH4+-N:NO2--N:NO3--N was 1:1,40:0,12, which was close to the stoichiometry of anammox process. The anammox process can be a new method for intensive shrimp culture wastewater treatment.

Growth of nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospira and ammonia-oxidizing Nitrosomonas in marine recirculating trickling biofilter reactors.

Aerobic ammonia and nitrite oxidation reactions are fundamental biogeochemical reactions contributing to the global nitrogen cycle. Although aerobic nitrite oxidation yields 4.8-folds less Gibbs free energy (∆Gr ) than aerobic ammonia oxidation in the NH4 + -feeding marine recirculating trickling biofilter reactors operated in the present study, nitrite-oxidizing and not ammonia-oxidizing Nitrospira (sublineage IV) outnumbered ammonia-oxidizing Nitrosomonas (relative abundance; 53.8% and 7.59% respectively). CO2 assimilation efficiencies during ammonia or nitrite oxidation were 0.077 μmol-14 CO2 /μmol-NH3 and 0.053-0.054 μmol-14 CO2 /μmol-NO2 - respectively, and the difference between ammonia and nitrite oxidation was much smaller than the difference of ∆Gr . Free-energy efficiency of nitrite oxidation was higher than ammonia oxidation (31%-32% and 13% respectively), and high CO2 assimilation and free-energy efficiencies were a determinant for the dominance of Nitrospira over Nitrosomonas. Washout of Nitrospira and Nitrosomonas from the trickling biofilter reactors was also examined by quantitative PCR assay. Normalized copy numbers of Nitrosomonas amoA were 1.5- to 1.7-folds greater than Nitrospira nxrB and 16S rRNA gene in the reactor effluents. Nitrosomonas was more susceptible for washout than Nitrospira in the trickling biofilter reactors, which was another determinant for the dominance of Nitrospira in the trickling biofilter reactors.

Redesign of Anaerobic-Aerobic Biofilter for Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant In Textile Industry

One of the textile industries in Pasuruan already has a Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) with a capacity of 35 m3 /day. The treatment process combined physical, chemical, and biological processes using an anaerobic-aerobic biofilter. The domestic WWTP consists of a collection tank, equalization tank, anaerobic-aerobic biofilter tank, a filtration tank, and a chlorination tank. Existing conditions indicate that the domestic wastewater generated exceeds the capacity of the WWTP. Additional employees become one of the factors causing the increase in domestic wastewater discharge. Inadequate capacity has forced the company to bypass domestic waste into rivers. This biofilter was chosen because it could reduce high BOD values, have low operating costs, and operate efficiently. The anaerobic-aerobic biofilter reactor consists of a pre-settling tank, anaerobic tank, aerobic tank, and final settling tank. The evaluation results denoted that detention time in pre-settling, anaerobic, and settling units did not meet the design criteria. Thus, changing the design according to the design criteria. The redesign result of the anaerobic biofilter includes the pre-settling tank with a diameter of 2,5 m and a length of 3 m, an anaerobic tank with a diameter of 2,5 m and a length of 15 m, so that the total volume in the anaerobic reactor is 88.3 m3 . Then anaerobic bath with a diameter of 2,5 m and a length of 6 m and a final settling tank with a diameter of 2,5 m and a length of 1,5 m so that the total volume in the aerobic biofilter reactor is 36,7 m3 .

Removal of ammonia in raw water taken from Surabaya river using biofiltration process

Research on the removal of ammonia in raw water taken from the Surabaya river has been carried out. The study was conducted by operating a biofilter pilot plant consisting of lamella type-sedimentation tanks and biofilter reactors filled with honeycomb type-plastic media. The results of the study showed that the biofilter process which consists of sedimentation tanks and biofilter reactors can reduce turbidity, ammonia, and nitrite inside raw water. Generally, the longer the retention time in the biofilter pilot plant is, the greater the efficiency is in eliminating turbidity, ammonia, and nitrite in the raw water. With the total retention time of 81 minutes in the biofilter test model, the efficiency of turbidity, ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite was 33.83%, 57.84%, 16.40%, and 59.41%, respectively. Based on the results of the research above, it was found that with the ammonia load of 1 until 5 gr/m3. Hours (24 until 120 gr/m3.day), it efficiently reduced the ammonia compounds by 30%-50%. In the chlorination process, chlorine compounds can react with ammonia compounds in the raw water, so by decreasing the concentration of ammonia, the consumption of chlorine will be reduced, resulting in lower production costs. With the reduced use of chlorine compounds, the potential formation of micropollutant compounds due to the chlorination process will also be reduced.

Calibration of diffusion‐advection process models for organochlorine pesticides in a tropical river

This paper deals with the calibration of diffusion-advection process models for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in a river of tropical country called Tucutunemo River, Venezuela. The novelties consist of the following aspects: 1) modeling of pesticides of type organochlorine including DDT and DRIN and their isomers such as: p.p’-DDT, o.p’-DDT, p.p’-DDD, p.p’-DDE, o.p’-DDE, Aldrin, Dieldrin, and Endrin. 2) Determination of parameters and statistical adjustment of diffusion and biochemical transformation coefficients in mathematical expressions derived from Fick's law, and modified equations from the biofilter reactors to simulate the attached biofilm on support medium to the attached biofilm on sediments in the river bed. Four scenarios are proposed for modeling: 1) molecular diffusion without biochemical transformation, 2) molecular diffusion with biochemical transformation, 3) advective diffusion without biochemical transformation, 4) advective diffusion with biochemical transformation. The combination of advective diffusion with biochemical transformation results in the best fit to explain the removal of the OCPs along the river.

Performance evaluation and intensification of novel buoyant filter bioreactor with associated secondary treatment process for rice processing industries

Rice being the staple food of a larger population in general and to the India in particular and most of the industries are adapting the parboiled process. Rice production by parboiled process required large amount of water and discharging huge amount of wastewater to environment. Thus, most of the rice industries were falling under red or orange category of highly polluted industry. In this context the present study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of an ETP at rice processing industry. The ETP employed a primary high rate anaerobic treatment system called Buoyant filter bioreactor (BFBR) followed by secondary chemical treatments, to meet the effluent standards. The overall percentage removal efficiency of ETP observed is COD (90%), Colour (93%), Iron (100%), phosphate (100%), turbidity (94%), TSS (50%) and BOD (99%). A sharp reduction of BOD from 1500 to 10 mg/l was observed upon BFBR treatment indicating the excellent working condition of BFBR. The final effluent coming out from ETP meets the criteria for Permissible Limit as per ISI,1977 (On land of irrigation) and Permissible Limit as per ISI 1974 (In land surface water) which indicates the performance of the developed ETP is satisfactory.

Detergent waste treatment through the modification of biofilter reactors

The use of detergent in households is practiced by almost all people. These conditions make the quality of the environment, especially water bodies, more disturbed when the detergent waste disposal without prior processing. Hazard by detergent can interfere with human health such as digestive system disorders, skin irritation, and even one of the causes of cancer. The aimed of this research was to design a modified biofilter reactor to reduce levels of detergent and other organic substances in domestic wastewater. This research was a pre-experimental design research with designs used is pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The research media used were bioball because bioball has more space on its surface for bacterial growth that will form bacterial phylum, while activated carbon serves to increase efficiency in reducing levels of organic matter and to reduce the concentration of surfactants dissolved. The process is more effective if given a treatment with a process of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation. The results showed a decrease in detergent content from 14.56 mg/L to 0.86 mg/L (94.1%). These results indicate that the Bio Filter reactor was effective in reducing detergent levels to meet the detergent waste standard requirements based on East Java Governor Regulation No. 72/2013.

Simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox, and denitrification process for the treatment of simulated municipal sewage in a single-stage biofilter reactor

This study provides a feasible scheme for the treatment of municipal sewage through simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) process, which was realized in a single-stage biofilter reactor (BFR). First, the BFR was started up to enrich the anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in the upper part of the reactor through the operation mode of the top influent and bottom effluent. Then, the BFR was inoculated with activated sludge and aerated continuously at the bottom to realize the coupling of SNAD, which was accompanied by a two-point influent from the bottom and top effluent. Results indicated that the high removal efficiency of NH4+-N (93.40%), total nitrogen (TN, 89.95%), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD, 92.68%) were achieved with an air–water ratio of 4.29 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h. During the SNAD steady phase for the treatment of simulated municipal sewage with a soluble chemical organic demand to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 2.31, low concentrations of NH4+-N (4.13 mg/L), TN (6.44 mg/L), and SCOD (11.29 mg/L) were attained in the effluent. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas, Candidatus Brocadia, and Denitratisoma were 0.77%, 0.43%, and 4.07% in the biofilm at the 0–12.5 cm zone, respectively, suggesting successful implementation of the SNAD process.

A kinetic study on the nitrification process in the upflow submerged biofilter reactor

ABSTRACT In extent of this study, ammonium removal from wastewater through biological nitrification process was performed in upflow biofilm reactors. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and nitrogen loading rate (NLR) on the nitrification process were investigated. For the nitrification process, the optimum HRT and NLR were determined to be 80 hr and 0.044 kg/m3.day, respectively. It is observed that the efficiency increased from 53% to 96% along with the increase in HRT from 22 hr to 80 hr and the decrease in NLR from 0.165 kg/m3.day to 0.044 kg/m3.day.The substrate consumption kinetics were studied in the attached growth reactor, and the Monod kinetic model, first-order kinetic model, modified Stover-Kincannon and Grau second-order kinetic models were examined. For the substrate consumption kinetic study, experimental studies were performed at 125, 150, 175, 200, 225 mg NH4-N/L substrate concentrations and 62 hr at HRT during the nitrification process. As a result of the considering kinetic studies, it was determined that the kinetic study was suitable for the modified Stover-Kincannon kinetic model that had the highest coefficient of regression by 0.997 and when the effluent NH4-N concentrations and NH4-N removal efficiencies calculated using kinetic models were examined, it was observed that the results closest to the experimental results (4.5, 10.1, 19.7, 26.2 and 42.3 mg NH4-N/L) were obtained through the modified Stover-Kincannon model (4.16, 10.71, 18.92, 28.12 and 39.51 mg NH4-N/L).