Maturity Of Field Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Developments in Agile Project Management

This study employs a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the evolution, trends, and research networks within the field of Agile Project Management (APM). Utilizing data from prominent academic databases and visualized through VOSviewer, this paper identifies thematic clusters that highlight foundational Agile principles, strategic implementations, team dynamics, and technical aspects of APM. The research trends over the past decade demonstrate a significant shift from basic Agile methodologies towards advanced topics like risk and cost management, reflecting the field's maturation and adaptation to diverse and complex environments. The analysis also uncovers substantial research opportunities in integrating Agile practices with cost management, applying Agile in non-traditional fields, and developing sophisticated risk management strategies. Moreover, an examination of author collaboration networks reveals distinct clusters of scholarly activity and highlights influential researchers and their interrelationships. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamic landscape of Agile Project Management research, underscoring both established areas and emerging frontiers for future exploration.

Decoding the application of deep learning in neuroscience: a bibliometric analysis.

The application of deep learning in neuroscience holds unprecedented potential for unraveling the complex dynamics of the brain. Our bibliometric analysis, spanning from 2012 to 2023, delves into the integration of deep learning in neuroscience, shedding light on the evolutionary trends and identifying pivotal research hotspots. Through the examination of 421 articles, this study unveils a significant growth in interdisciplinary research, marked by the burgeoning application of deep learning techniques in understanding neural mechanisms and addressing neurological disorders. Central to our findings is the critical role of classification algorithms, models, and neural networks in advancing neuroscience, highlighting their efficacy in interpreting complex neural data, simulating brain functions, and translating theoretical insights into practical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. Additionally, our analysis delineates a thematic evolution, showcasing a shift from foundational methodologies toward more specialized and nuanced approaches, particularly in areas like EEG analysis and convolutional neural networks. This evolution reflects the field's maturation and its adaptation to technological advancements. The study further emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations and the adoption of cutting-edge technologies to foster innovation in decoding the cerebral code. The current study provides a strategic roadmap for future explorations, urging the scientific community toward areas ripe for breakthrough discoveries and practical applications. This analysis not only charts the past and present landscape of deep learning in neuroscience but also illuminates pathways for future research, underscoring the transformative impact of deep learning on our understanding of the brain.

Wikipedia as a tool for contemporary history of science: A case study on CRISPR.

Rapid developments and methodological divides hinder the study of how scientific knowledge accumulates, consolidates and transfers to the public sphere. Our work proposes using Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia, as a historiographical source for contemporary science. We chose the high-profile field of gene editing as our test case, performing a historical analysis of the English-language Wikipedia articles on CRISPR. Using a mixed-method approach, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the CRISPR article's text, sections and references, alongside 50 affiliated articles. These, we found, documented the CRISPR field's maturation from a fundamental scientific discovery to a biotechnological revolution with vast social and cultural implications. We developed automated tools to support such research and demonstrated its applicability to two other scientific fields-coronavirus and circadian clocks. Our method utilizes Wikipedia as a digital and free archive, showing it can document the incremental growth of knowledge and the manner scientific research accumulates and translates into public discourse. Using Wikipedia in this manner compliments and overcomes some issues with contemporary histories and can also augment existing bibliometric research.

Impact of social entrepreneurship on different industries, work systems, and organizations

Interest in Social Entrepreneurship has been growing among non-profits and academicians over years. Discussions on these topics has been held among a variety of practitioners in a number of directions. This paper shed a light on the background and the present composition of discussions on these topics. The true strength of social entrepreneurs is their ability to recognise business failures that are holding society back, as well as their ability to tailor and execute solutions. These include clean water, access to renewable energy, financial inclusion, high-quality educational opportunities, and vital knowledge that enables life-giving agriculture to thrive. The scope and depth of the social problems at stake have grown in tandem with the field's maturation. We face a growing tide of crises, including teetering democracies, racial inequality, gender segregation, environmental disaster, population development, food insecurity, nationalism, and technological advancements that necessitate new skills and workforce training.”We are in danger of reversing the ground-breaking social achievements we have made. We also risk losing the knowledge of seasoned, but often discouraged, social entrepreneurs at a critical juncture in the social sector’s history. The aim of this paper is to identify the challenges and opportunities for social entrepreneurs in India.

Jewish Autonomy in a Slave Society: Suriname in the Atlantic World, 1651–1825 by Aviva Ben-Ur

Reviewed by: Jewish Autonomy in a Slave Society: Suriname in the Atlantic World, 1651–1825 by Aviva Ben-Ur Sarah Phillips Casteel (bio) Jewish Autonomy in a Slave Society: Suriname in the Atlantic World, 1651–1825. By Aviva Ben-Ur, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2020. 358 pp. Aviva Ben-Ur's brilliant new history of Suriname's Portuguese Jews not only illuminates the colonial formation of a major Atlantic Jewish community but also maps important new methodological and conceptual directions for the nascent field of Caribbean Jewish studies. Within the Jewish Caribbean, the Surinamese community is a particularly rich subject for the historian because of the unique legal status it enjoyed—one that is reflected in its abundant records. While the exceptionality of Surinamese Jewry has long been recognized, Ben-Ur recasts the terms of that uniqueness, pointing not only to the community's territorial and legal autonomy but also its inclusion of Eurafricans. Only in Suriname did Eurafrican Jews "emerg[e] as a distinct and separate class" with cultural and institutional independence (261). Moreover, Ben-Ur reframes the exceptionality of the famed Jewish agricultural village of Jodensavanne ("the Jews' Savannah"), which she presents less as a haven of religious freedom than a frontier settlement that contained Jewish difference while advancing the interests of empire. Historical scholarship on Caribbean Jewry has grown steadily over the past two decades, often positioning itself against Jewish historiographies that relegate the Caribbean to the margins. In a sign of the field's maturation, Ben-Ur instead largely presents her study as a corrective to previous Caribbean Jewish scholarship. She argues that such scholarship's focus on Jewish identity and perspectives has tended to marginalize enslaved peoples or construct them as passive observers of Jewish life. By contrast, Ben-Ur adopts an Atlantic history model in which the story of Surinamese Jewry becomes inseparable from that of enslaved peoples. With its emphasis on contact and exchange, the Atlantic history lens enables Ben-Ur to attend to the voices of the silenced and to explore the implications of Surinamese Jewish history for the study of Africans in the Americas. This paradigm shift is reflected in the book's structure, which devotes two chapters to Eurafrican Jews and a third to enslaved people. Ben-Ur reminds us that Suriname's status as one of the largest slave societies in the Americas was the fundamental condition of the Jews' presence there. The opening chapter debunks the idealized image of Jodensavanne as a [End Page 431] "new Jerusalem" that can be traced back to Surinamese Jewish historian David Nassy's Essai historique sur la colonie de Surinam (1788). While Nassy described Jodensavanne as a peaceful haven, Ben-Ur emphasizes that the majority of Jodensavanne's inhabitants were enslaved Africans whose labor sustained the village. Situated on the frontier, Jodensavanne "serve[d] as a human bulwark against Indian and Maroon attacks" and later as a military outpost (77). Its synagogue square was the designated site for the violent punishment of enslaved people. The central paradox, captured in the book's title, is that Jewish autonomy in Suriname was bound up with the unfreedom of enslaved Africans. The second chapter further nuances previous accounts of Surinamese Jewish autonomy by examining internal and external challenges to Jewish communal authority, while the third chapter addresses Portuguese Jewish rootedness in Suriname. Ben-Ur shows how Jewishness became "nearly synonymous with settler society" through the community's longevity, demographic presence, and deepening interaction with the African-descended population (136). The subsequent two chapters are devoted to the Eurafrican Jewish population that resulted from sexual exploitation of enslaved women and slave concubinage. Eurafrican children were routinely converted to Judaism and sometimes manumitted and inherited by their Jewish owners, practices that enabled Judaism to survive in Suriname. As Eurafrican Jews grew in number and status, they became increasingly activist, forming their own society, Darhe Jesarim. While Darhe Jesarim's quest for ritual equality has previously been documented, Ben-Ur resituates this episode as part of a larger struggle of free people of color to obtain rights. She further makes the case that Judaism needs to be recognized as a significant religious presence in the lives of...

Public Affairs: A field's maturation from 2000+ to 2030

This paper explores the development of the field of public affairs (PA) through the observations, research and experiences of two of its most cited scholars, deputy editors, and longtime contributors to the Journal of Public Affairs. We examine how PA and its practitioners have moved non‐linearly from 2000+ PA, to Public Affairs 2.0, toward a still evolving model of practice. Three areas of practice are explored in depth, including (a) how the function is managed, (b) its communication activity, and (c) how it supports organizations in interacting and engaging with stakeholders and issues. Finally, four alternative futures are laid out as possible paths along which the function may evolve as it moves forward to its next decade's end in 2030.

Third Annual Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Pedimacs) Report: Preimplant Characteristics and Outcomes

The influence of ventricular assist device (VAD) use in the care of children with end-stage heart failure is growing rapidly through increasing numbers, new devices, expanding indications, and improving outcomes. Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Pedimacs), a National Institutes of Health-sponsored United States database, provides a platform to understand this emerging population. Between September 19, 2012, and December 31, 2017, 30 hospitals implanted 508 devices in 423 patients aged younger than 19 years. This past year was one of evolution for the database as its management was transitioned to The Society of Thoracic Surgery; therefore, this report does not include data from institutions not under contract by August 1,2018. Of the 423 patients, the diagnosis was cardiomyopathy in 261 (62%), myocarditis in 48 (11%), other in 28 (7%), and congenital heart disease (CHD) in 86 (20%), with 52 of these patients having single-ventricle physiology. The two most common support strategies included left VAD in 342 (81%) and biventricular assist device in64 (15%). Positive outcome (alive on device or bridge to transplantation/recovery) was 80% at 6 months (overall mortality of 20%). The patient cohort for implantable continuous-flow (IC) pumps (n= 197; age at implant, 13.4 ± 3.8 years; 19% Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support [Intermacs] profile 1, 21% intubated at implant, and 12% with CHD) was significantly different from the paracorporeal continuous-flow (PC) pump cohort (n= 79; age, 3.9 ± 5.2 years; 49% Intermacs profile 1, 86% intubated at implant, and 38% with CHD) and the paracorporeal pulsatile (PP) pump cohort (n= 121; age, 3.3 ± 3.9 years; 41% Intermacs profile 1, 77% intubated at implant, and 21% with CHD). Consistent with their cohort composition, device type positive outcomes at 6 months were PC, 63%; PP, 77%; and IC, 92%. Parametric hazard modeling showed an early hazard for death was associated with Intermacs profile 1, biventricular assist device, percutaneous devices, PC devices, small-volume institutions, low age, and low weight, whereas a constant hazard was associated with intubation and liver dysfunction at time of implant. IC VADs are the most common VAD type placed in children. The positive outcomes for the IC VADs exceed 90% at 6 months, which may represent our field's maturation in both patient selection and timing of implantation. The PP/PC devices are currently limited to supporting our most challenging patients, those weighing less than 20 kg and those with CHD. The introduction of new devices and our communities' commitment to shared learning and improvement will lead to more pediatric lives saved by VAD support and will also focus on improving the quality of life of children supported with VADs.

Engineering wonders

Engineering wonders

Billing for Palliative Consultations a Prerequisite for the Field's Maturation

Billing for Palliative Consultations a Prerequisite for the Field's Maturation

Extracting evidence from forensic DNA analyses: future molecular biology directions

Molecular biology tools have enhanced the capability of the forensic scientist to characterize biological evidence to the point where it is feasible to analyze minute samples and achieve high levels of individualization. Even with the forensic DNA field's maturity, there still are a number of areas where improvements can be made. These include: enabling the typing of samples of limited quantity and quality; using genetic information and novel markers to provide investigative leads; enhancing automation with robotics, different chemistries, and better software tools; employing alternate platforms for typing DNA samples; developing integrated microfluidic/microfabrication devices to process DNA samples with higher throughput, faster turnaround times, lower risk of contamination, reduced labor, and less consumption of evidentiary samples; and exploiting high-throughput sequencing, particularly for attribution in microbial forensics cases. Knowledge gaps and new directions have been identified where molecular biology will likely guide the field of forensics. This review aims to provide a roadmap to guide those interested in contributing to the further development of forensic genetics.

Convectively induced mesoscale weather systems in the tropical and warm‐season midlatitude atmosphere

As anticipated by Nelson [1991] in the last U.S. National Report, mesoscale meteorology has continued to be an area of vigorous research activity. Progress is evinced by a growing number of process‐oriented studies capitalizing on expanded observational capabilities, as well as more theoretical treatments employing numerical simulations of increasing sophistication. While the majority of papers within the scope of this review fall into the category of basic research, the field's maturation is evident in the emergence of a growing number of applications to operational weather forecasting.Even as our ability to anticipate shifts in synoptic scale upper‐air patterns and associated baroclinic developments has steadily improved, lagging skill with regard to quantitative forecasts of precipitation—particularly in situations where deep moist convection is prevalent—has sustained research in warm‐season mesoscale meteorology. Each spring and summer midlatitude populations are exposed to life‐threatening natural weather phenomena in the form of lightning, tornadoes, straight‐line winds, hail, and flash floods. This point was driven home during the summer of 1993, when an extraordinarily persistent series of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) led to unusually severe and widespread flooding throughout the Mississippi and Missouri river basins. In addition to this obvious impact on regional climate, the 1990's have brought an increased appreciation for the less direct yet potentially significant role that tropical convection may play in shaping global climate through phenomena such as the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

Sourcebook of Korean Civilization , vol. 1, From Early Times to the Sixteenth Century (review)

BOOK REVIEWS227 mate goal of any anthology. One of the unfortunate aspects of Lee's anthology in this regard is that his introductory remarks frequently seem more to be a display of his eclectic knowledge than a relevant statement addressing the issues at hand. In addition, the material in this anthology could have been organized in a more useful and comprehensible manner, one that does not require the reader to try to figure out why there are so many obscurely labeled sections. The role ofthe editor should be to help the reader prepare for the surprise journey ahead in his or her encounter with Korean literature. If the reader approaches modern Korean literature expecting to find a complacent image of Korea, he or she will be startled to find instead that it is his or her own complacent image of the West that is being challenged at every turn. The time has come to reexamine the whole matter of the dichotomies of modern and premodern, of the West and the non-West, and of racism and nationalism so entrenched in the current global politics. A volume introducing "modern Korean literature" is as important a place and as suitable an occasion to begin that process as any other academic endeavor. An anthology that can do that will be a real accomplishment. Jeanne Paik Kaufman Sourcebook ofKorean Civilization, vol. 1, From Early Times to the Sixteenth Century, edited by Peter H. Lee with Donald Baker, Yöngho Ch'oe, Hugh H.W.Kang, and Han-Kyo Kim. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993. In the Sourcebook ofKorean Civilization, we can see proof of the growth that has occurred in the Korean studies field in recent years. I recall, as a graduate student, how mightily Wm. Theodore de Bary's Japanese and Chinese Sources had seemed to speak for the accomplishments of other Asian civilizations and felt sad to have nothing to show for Korea. I recall how impressed I felt with the immensity of the Kyujanggak palace library of documents that was housed next door at Seoul National University when I was a student there in the early 1960s (the new building is even more impressive). That library loomed as a symbol of the monumental achievements in Chinese composition that Koreans had amassed over the years. And to think that those extant documents are but a fraction of what Koreans had produced over the years of the Chosön period. Consider the collected letters of private scholars and their uncounted miscellaneous writings. Moreover, we know that the same is true for what remains of the Three Kingdoms and Koryö. 228BOOK REVIEWS Now we have in our hands the physical evidence of a great civilization in some 700 pages of English translation—and this is just the first of two volumes. The translations of seventeen scholars have been compiled in the tradition of de Bary's Sources of Chinese, Indian, and Japanese traditions , which were first issued in the late 1950s. This new Korea volume is clearly without precedent in the field of Korean studies and, as such, is a milestone marking field's maturity. The closest approximation of the new Sourcebook ofKorean Civilization that comes to mind would be the one-volume Bibliographical Guide to Traditional Korean Sources (Korea University Asiatic Research Center, 1976), which drew upon a series of bibliographical notes that had began to appear in the mimeographed Asiatic Research Bulletin in the late 1950s. This closely researched and informative guide, being purely bibliographical , contained sketches and outlines of content, but without extended samples of content. Until now a student had to settle for being told about Korean civilization by teachers or reading occasional handouts culled from scattered sources. But now, with the Sourcebook, the student has direct access to the basic documentation of Korean civilization and can read basic texts in a wide-ranging context with informative essays that present the selected texts in their historical context. We look forward not only to the second volume—which will pick up with the sixteenth century where the first volume leaves off—but also to the appearance of a paperback edition of selected texts, which students can afford to buy. This...

The STS Curriculum: What Have We Learned in Twenty Years?

The interdisciplinary academic field of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) Studies is now approximately two decades old. As the field has evolved, its central curricular mission has come to be the explication of science and technology as complex enterprises that take place in specific social contexts shaped by, and in turn, shaping, human values as reflected and refracted in cultural, political, and economic institutions. Despite, or perhaps because of, the field's maturation, there remain a number of as yet unanswered questions that bear consideration as STS enters the decade of the 1990s.