Field Of Engineering Research Articles

A novel method to assess photobiomodulation in stimulating regenerative capacity and vascularization in zebrafish.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a continuously growing approach to stimulating healing and reducing inflammation and pain. However, its effects in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are still under investigation. Studying PBM effects on the regenerative capacity of zebrafish can allow the application of novel clinical approaches where the impact of PBM will be cross-linked with the stem-cell therapeutic approaches. This study was done to establish an in-vivo experimental setup for studying the effects of laser and ultraviolet therapy on zebrafish caudal-fin regeneration and vascularization. Thirty zebrafish were randomly and equally allocated into three groups. The caudal-fins of all zebrafish were amputated under anaesthesia. In the first control group, the caudal-fin was only monitored until fully regenerated. In the second group, the amputated-fin was irradiated with ultraviolet. Finally, in the third group, the amputated-fin was irradiated with laser. Caudal-fin regeneration and vascularization were assessed at days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 in all fish. In terms of regeneration, the results indicated that it is possible to discriminate the regenerative effect of laser with the experimental setup as laser therapy showed a statistically significant difference when compared to control-group. It was also found that regenerative stimulation of the group that received ultraviolet therapy showed significant difference when compared to the control group. In terms of vascularization, there was a statistically significant difference in all groups of the study, which may suggest that laser as well as ultraviolet have limited effects in terms of improving vascularization. This study presented a novel, simple and inexpensive method for the assessment of PBM effects on zebrafish. Laser and ultraviolet therapy appeared to act as regenerative stimulators for caudal-fin regeneration of zebrafish. However, laser therapy results were, to some extent, better than ultraviolet therapy. This novel in-vivo design of the experiment led to more rapid and reproducible results than in-vitro experiments.

Research on information leakage in time series prediction based on empirical mode decomposition.

Time series analysis predicts the future based on existing historical data and has a wide range of applications in finance, economics, meteorology, biology, engineering, and other fields. Although the combination of decomposition techniques and machine learning algorithms can effectively solve the problem of predicting nonstationary sequences, this kind of decomposition-integration-prediction strategy of the prediction method has serious defects. After the decomposition of the division of the training set and the test set, the information of the test set in the process of decomposition of the information leakage ultimately shows a high accuracy of the prediction of the illusionary. This paper proposes three improvement strategies for this type of "information leakage" problem: sliding window decomposition (SW-EMD), single training and multiple decomposition (STMP-EMD), and multiple training and multiple decomposition (MTMP-EMD). They are combined with a bidirectional multiscale temporal convolutional network (MSBTCN), bidirectional long- and short-term memory network (BiLSTM), and attention mechanism (DMAttention), which introduces a dependency matrix based on cosine similarity to be applied to water quality prediction. The experimental results show that the model achieves good performance in the prediction of three water quality indicators (pH, DO and KMnO4), and the accuracies of the three models proposed in this paper are improved by 1.958% and 0.853% in terms of the RMSE and MAPE, respectively, compared with those of the mainstream LSTM models. The key contributions of this study include the following: (1) three methods are proposed to improve the class EMD decomposition, which can effectively solve the problem of "information leakage" that exists in the current models via class EMD decomposition; (2) the CEEMDAN-MSBTCN-BiLSTM-DMAttention model structure is innovated by combining improved class EMD decomposition methods; and (3) the three improved decomposition methods proposed in this paper can effectively solve the problem of "information leakage" and optimize the prediction model at the same time. This study provides an effective experimental method for water quality prediction and can effectively address the problem of "overfitting" models via class EMD decompositions during model training and testing.

Advantages and prospects of cell derived decellularized extracellular matrix as tissue engineering scaffolds

To review the application of cell derived decellularized extracellular matrix (CDM) in tissue engineering. The literature related to the application of CDM in tissue engineering was extensively reviewed and analyzed. CDM is a mixture of cells and their secretory products obtained by culturing cells in vitro for a period of time, and then the mixture is treated by decellularization. Compared with tissue derived decellularized extracellular matrix (TDM), CDM can screen and utilize pathogen-free autologous cells, effectively avoiding the possible shortcomings of TDM, such as immune response and limited sources. In addition, by selecting the cell source, controlling the culture conditions, and selecting the template scaffold, the composition, structure, and mechanical properties of the scaffold can be controlled to obtain the desired scaffold. CDM retains the components and microstructure of extracellular matrix and has excellent biological functions, so it has become the focus of tissue engineering scaffolds. CDM is superior in the field of tissue engineering because of its outstanding adjustability, safety, and high bioactivity. With the continuous progress of technology, CDM stents suitable for clinical use are expected to continue to emerge.

The Effect of the Layup on the Stability of Composite Cylindrical Shells

Fiber reinforced plastic laminated composites have conquered greater and greater territory in the field of engineering in the past decades for their high strength to weight ratio. By varying the layup structure their behavior can easily be modified. One of the applications, that is investigated in this article is the slit tube or cylindrical shell, that used as a structural element undergoes bending. These shells indifferent from their material may experience the snap-through phenomenon (this depends both on the material and geometry) in which the shell flattens and loses its stability to bending. Depending on the layup bistable behavior also can be achieved, i.e., the shell would have two different shapes that are in equilibrium without any constraint. In this article the effect of the layup is investigated both on the bistable behavior and the snap-through phenomenon. Geometric limitations for the bistability are calculated based on a simple beam model from the literature. The same model is used to find the snap-through moment for these shells as a function of the orientation angle. It is also proven that the flattening of the shell cannot be evaded by changing the layup structure. The results are confirmed by FE simulations where applicable.

Evaluating the research and development (R&D) efficiency of the Chinese construction industry

PurposeThe construction industry has been investigating “where Henry Ford is in the industry system.” Given that listed construction enterprises are the backbone of the promotion of the high-quality development of the industry, their research and innovation are of considerable importance. This study aims to comprehensively assess the research and development (R&D) status quo and trends within various types of construction enterprises in order to identify effective strategies to enhance R&D efficiency in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachBased on the data won from annual reports and the CSMAR database for the period 2016–2020, this study examines 104 listed construction enterprises in China. By applying both the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and the Malmquist productivity index, this research compares and analyzes the static and dynamic differences in R&D efficiency across different types of construction enterprises.FindingsResults suggest that the magnitude of change in the Malmquist decomposition index of 104 listed construction enterprises gradually narrowed, but the comprehensive technological level remained relatively low. Although state-owned enterprises had an advantage in scale efficiency, meaning they could maximize output with given inputs, their technological progress efficiency, also known as the degree of technological innovation, was significantly lower than that of private enterprises. As one finding, state-owned enterprises in comparison with private enterprises experience significant R&D inefficiency. It represents the main cause of their low degree of technological innovation and efficiency.Originality/valueThis study assesses the R&D efficiency of listed construction enterprises in China from the perspective of different market segments, state-owned and private enterprises and suggests approaches to improve strategies for various corporate types. Thus, the study’s new findings contribute to addressing the challenge of low R&D levels in the construction industry in the fields of engineering, construction and architectural management.

Bioactive Three-Dimensional Chitosan-Based Scaffolds Modified with Poly(dopamine)/CBD@Pt/Au/PVP Nanoparticles as Potential NGCs Applicable in Nervous Tissue Regeneration—Preparation and Characterization

Tissue engineering of nervous tissue is a promising direction in the treatment of neurological diseases such as spinal cord injuries or neuropathies. Thanks to technological progress and scientific achievements; the use of cells; artificial scaffolds; and growth factors are becoming increasingly common. Despite challenges such as the complex structure of this tissue, regenerative medicine appears as a promising future approach to improve the quality of life of patients with nervous injuries. Until now; most functional biomaterials used for this purpose were based on decellularized extra cellular matrix (ECM) or nanofibrous materials, whereas current clinically verified ones in most cases do not exhibit bioactivity or the possibility for external stimulation. The aim of this research was to develop a new type of bioactive, chitosan-based 3D materials applicable as nerve guide conduits (NGCs) modified with poly(dopamine), Au/Pt coated with PVP nanoparticles, and cannabidiol. The NGCs were prepared under microwave-assisted conditions and their chemical structure was studied using the FT-IR method. Next, this study will discuss novel biomaterials for morphology and swelling abilities as well as susceptibility to biodegradation in the presence of collagenase and lysozyme. Finally, their potential in the field of nervous tissue engineering has been verified via a cytotoxicity study using the 1321N1 human astrocytoma cell line, which confirmed their biocompatibility in direct contact studies.

Role of surface grain refinement in AZ31 Mg alloy by shot peening on surface energy, biomineralization and degradation behavior

Grain refinement of magnesium (Mg) alloys to improve their performance as potential candidates for degradable implant applications is a promising strategy in the field of materials engineering. Surface properties play an important role in promoting higher implant tissue interactions which dictate the healing rate of the fractured bone. In the present work, AZ31 Mg alloy was subjected to shot peening by using steel balls of 2 mm diameter. From the microstructural studies carried out at the cross section, fine grain structure was observed up to 50 μm depth from the surface. Grain refinement up to ∼1.5 μm was achieved at the surface of shot peened AZ31. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the development of non-basal texture at the surface. Increased surface energy was measured by contact angle measurements for the shot peened AZ31. Higher hardness was measured from the surface in the thickness direction of the AZ31 after shot peening. Corrosion behavior assessed by potentiodynamic polarization tests indicated marginally increased corrosion resistance for shot peened AZ31. In vitro bioactivity studies carried out in simulated body fluids demonstrated higher mineral depositions and lower weight loss for the surface grain refined AZ31. The results demonstrate the potential of shot peening to promote higher biomineralization and to control the degradation in improving the performance of biodegradable AZ31 Mg alloy.

An investigation of the surface topography of wire tool and the modelling of wire electro-spark machined ti-alloy using ANN

Abstract Titanium and its alloys are in demand in the field of biomedical and aerospace engineering because of its high strength-to-weight ratio and anti-corrosive properties. WESM emerged as a processing method as traditional methods could not process because of strain hardening and low material conductivity; however, wire tool consumption contributes to high costs while processing with WESM. The current Article investigates the effect of input factors on wire consumption and their significance level on wire consumption. A total of 81 experimental runs were conducted while taking input factors Spark on, Spark off time, peak current and servo voltage at three levels, each using a full factorial approach. Experimental results were analysed using ANOVA and MLR (Multi-Linear regression). Moreover, ANN modelling is done to model the wire consumption using a 4-10-1 architecture that increased the coefficient of correlation (R2) up to 0.991. Lastly, after processing, the wire tool surface is evaluated using a scanning electron microscope to assess the effect of various input energy levels and find input combinations for minimum wire consumption

Geolocation of Fixed Emission Sources Produced by Artisan Brick Kilns in the Atmospheric Basin of the City of Juliaca, Peru

Objective: The study objective is to investigate the application of georeferencing systems to identify the geospatial location of fixed sources of atmospheric emissions produced by artisanal brickyards in the air basin of Juliaca city-Peru. Theoretical Framework: Previous studies have shown that artisanal brickyards are a significant source of air pollution in developing urban and on the outskirts. Emissions of fine particles, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants from the burning of traditional fuels, such as firewood and coal contribute to the degradation of air quality and can have adverse effects on human health and the environment. The georeferencing application and geospatial analysis techniques in the atmospheric pollution study have allowed a better understanding of the spatial distribution of emission sources and their impact on the environment. These tools are essential to identify and map the artisanal brickyard locations and to evaluate their contribution to air pollution in urban and on the outskirts. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes data collection and compilation of existing information; georeferencing of brickyards through the use of geographic information systems (GIS); analysis of geospatial data for the identification of spatial patterns; preparation of thematic and spatial distribution maps; and the interpretation of results. Results and Discussion: The study results highlight the importance of locating the fixed sources of emissions produced by artisanal brick factories in the Juliaca air basin. This precise spatial identification provides a solid basis for the formulation of policies and mitigation strategies aimed at reducing air pollution in the region, in addition to representing fundamental data for the use and exploitation of GIS for environmental protection and modelling, among others. Research Implications: The results can be applied or influence practices in the environmental and forestry engineering field, the ICTs application, modelling and simulation, and territorial planning, among others. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature using georeferencing techniques for environmental modelling purposes. The relevance and value of this research are evident in obtaining georeferenced points for the estimation of emission factors for the predictive calculation of volumes, flows and dispersion of pollutants in an air basin.

Nickel-based alloy efficient milling with ceramic tool and experimental verification in closed impeller

Nickel-based alloys are a class of materials that possess exceptional properties, including superior corrosion, oxidation, and fatigue resistance. They are increasingly utilized in high-performance critical components, particularly in the fields of aerospace engines and gas turbines. Nickel-based alloys pose significant challenges during machining due to their high cutting forces and work hardening, leading to low machining efficiency, severe tool wear, and subpar surface quality of the machined parts. To address these challenges, an orthogonal cutting experiment was conducted on GH4061 alloy to evaluate the machining performance by using monolithic ceramic milling tools. The optimal cutting parameters combination for dry cutting of nickel-based alloys was determined. The surface quality was tested and analyzed, including surface micro structure, residual stress, and surface roughness. The machining experiment was conducted on GH4061 closed impeller. The results demonstrated that high-speed cutting was more effective than low-speed cutting in improving the surface quality of the machined part. In the rough processing, monolithic ceramic milling tools was used to quickly remove the excess material. The adhesive and diffusion effects mainly contributing to the wear of the monolithic ceramic tool in GH4061 milling. Average surface roughness 1.41 μm can be obtained through dry milling using a monolithic ceramic tool with cutting speed 602.88 m/min, cutting depth 0.3 mm, cutting width 6 mm and feed per tooth 0.03 mm/z, along with metal removal rate 5184 mm3/min. High cutting speed will resulting in relatively low residual stress in the surface layer as well as a lower thickness of the surface alternation layer. Finally, a physical GH4061 closed impeller was machined to verify the proposed milling method.

Design and analysis of pump casing and impeller using reverse engineering technique

Abstract Advances in three-dimensional (3D) laser measurement technology have resulted in progress in the field of Reverse Engineering. This study introduces a Reverse Engineering technique utilized to restore the initial design of a Pump Casing and its Impeller. This study provides a detailed understanding of the creation of the casing and its impeller 3D model by using the scanned model and its detailed steps, and a 3D deviation report is plotted in order to get a complete deviation idea between the scan data and the design extracted. The Casing and Impeller both have a range of upper and lower is +/− 0.75 mm for the deviation measurement. The Casing is that all points are within its limit, and it’s 100% for most points within its limit and the impeller is 90.9% for most points is in its limit.

Exact solutions of a class of generalized nanofluidic models

Abstract Nanofluid, a significant branch of fluid mechanics, plays a pivotal role in thermal management, optics, biomedical engineering, energy harvesting, and other fields. The nanoparticles present in the fluid render the continuum mechanics ineffective, necessitating the adoption of fractional calculus to elucidate the effects of nanoparticles on the motion properties of the nanofluid. This article applies the modified extended tanh-function technique to solve two classical Schrödinger equations, the fractional Phi-4 model and the conformable fractional Boussinesq model, for nanofluids. Multiple exact solutions are obtained, and the corresponding graphical representations are provided to elucidate the basic properties of the nanofluid. This article provides new research perspectives for the development of nanofluids.

Transient Sand Scour Dynamics Induced by Pulsed Submerged Water Jets: Simulation Analysis

Water jet scouring technology is extensively applied in marine engineering, harbor maintenance, river training, and various other fields, showcasing a broad spectrum of potential applications. However, achieving a comprehensive understanding of the transient sand scouring characteristics of water jets remains challenging due to the inherent complexity of the coupled flow structure involving submerged jets and environmental fluids, along with the intricate dynamics of two-phase flow. This study, rooted in numerical simulation and experimental validation, introduces pulse characteristics into a submerged jet. A thorough investigation is conducted to explore the transient sand scouring characteristics and sand transport laws of the submerged jet under diverse working conditions. The results of this study revealed that the main reason for the asymmetry of the sand pit morphology is not the non-uniform distribution of sand grains, but more likely caused by turbulence effects. Simultaneously, within the initial 0.25 s of the pulse cycle, suspended sediment resulting from the pulsed jet in the preceding cycle gradually transports to the dune and its surrounding areas. Subsequently, from 0.25 s to 0.5 s, sediment on both sides of the pit’s bottom undergoes movement and amalgamation with the sediment that remained unsettled during the previous cycle. The findings reveal that higher jet velocities significantly enhance sediment suspension, migration, and redeposition, leading to deeper erosion and the rapid formation of the sand pit’s outline within 2 s. Additionally, the jet velocity and the impact distance are identified as critical factors influencing erosion depth and sediment dynamics. These insights advance the understanding of erosion mechanisms driven by pulsed jets, highlighting their impact on sediment transport processes. The research findings provide important guidance for dredging and ocean engineering fields and offer a theoretical basis for improving the understanding of submerged jet scouring mechanisms.

Inorganic-Based Nanoparticles and Biomaterials as Biocompatible Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: Current Advances and Trends of Development

Regenerative medicine amalgamates stem cell technology and tissue engineering strategies to replace tissues and organs damaged by injury, aging, ailment, and/or chronic conditions by leveraging the innate self-healing mechanism of the body. The term ‘regenerative medicine’ was coined by William A. Haseltine during a 1999 conference on Lake Como. Since its inception in 1968, the field has offered clinical benefits for the regeneration, repair, and restoration of bones, skin, cartilage, neural tissue, and the heart, as well as scaffold fabrication. The field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine can vastly benefit from advancements in nanoscience and technology, particularly in the fabrication and application of inorganic-based nanoparticles and bionanomaterials. Due to the tunable intrinsic properties, i.e., size, topography, surface charge, and chemical stability, inorganic-based nanoparticles and biomaterials have surpassed traditional synthetic materials. Given the wide gamut of near-future applications of inorganic nanoparticles and biomaterials, this article gives an overview of the emerging roles in stem cell regenerative research, tissue engineering, artificial skin and cartilage regeneration, neural nerve injuries, 3D bioprinting, and development of new inorganic bio-scaffolds. The review also addresses the challenges related to the clinical application and tissue compatibility of inorganic nanoparticles and biomaterials, utilizing current state-of-the-art techniques.

Experience With Breakout for Collaborative Learning and Assessment in Higher Education

Aim: The aim of this study is to verify empirically that the combination of ICT and game-based teaching for teaching and assessment of mathematics at university level allows students to obtain meaningful learning that favours performance in the subjects of mathematics and statistics. Theoretical framework: The main concepts and theories underpinning the research are presented, thus providing a solid basis for contextualising and gaining a better understanding of the research. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises on the one hand a systematic review of the literature. Quantitative data were collected from experience with students in the fields of Economics and Engineering in quantitative and technical subjects. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the students who carried out this experience performed better than those who did not. Therefore, focusing the activity as a game using different ICT tools (specifically, GeoGebra), allows us to change the classroom routine and, in a secondary way, to check the skills and competence level of each student in the use of technology and the subject itself. Likewise, in order to be able to base the decisions taken to formulate the evaluation activity, we have indicated the precedents in the literature that have been taken into consideration. Implications of the research: These implications could cover all areas related to education and especially higher education, as it is not usual to use gamification at university levels, although on the other hand, it is more usual to use ICT. Originality/Value: The implementation of an evaluative activity based on gamification and specifically on escape games (specifically a breakout) is not common in the field of university teaching in mathematics. This type of disruptive activities with the usual routine in the classroom not only favours meaningful learning, but also the motivation and interest of students before new situations. Therefore, there is a clear need to generate new projects that break the educational monotony in which students currently find themselves so that they can also learn social competences with their peers that facilitate their incorporation as citizens into society, promoting a better and sustainable world.

Behavior of laminated bamboo columns under low cyclic reversed loading

Laminated bamboo, a type of eco-friendly engineered bamboo product, is increasingly gaining attention in the field of civil engineering. Although there has been considerable research on the material properties of laminated bamboo, studies focusing on the seismic performance of laminated bamboo columns are still relatively scarce. This paper discusses in detail the behavior of laminated bamboo columns and BFRP (Basalt fiber reinforced polymer) reinforced laminated bamboo columns under low cyclic reversed loading. In particular, the effects of slenderness ratio and axial compression ratio on laminated bamboo columns and BFRP reinforced laminated bamboo columns are studied. The hysteresis behavior of the column specimens is first tested through experiments. The results show that under low cyclic reverse loading, the failure of laminated bamboo columns is due to the tensile fracture and compressive bending of bamboo strips, as well as the tensile fracture of BFRP. To quantify the mechanical performance of laminated bamboo columns, parameters of interest are defined and discussed, including load-bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation, and equivalent viscous damping. The load-bearing capacity and stiffness of laminated bamboo columns and BFRP reinforced laminated bamboo columns are significantly affected by the slenderness ratio and axial compression ratio. The yield loads for the column specimens with slenderness ratios of 37.0, 63.4, and 77.5 are within the ranges of 2.08–7.64 kN, 1.63–5.15 kN, and 1.82–7.51 kN, respectively. Laminated bamboo columns exhibit a satisfactory energy dissipation, with the maximum observed equivalent viscous damping exceeding 50 %. Furthermore, combining theoretical calculations and fitting analysis, bilinear skeleton curve models for both laminated bamboo columns and BFRP reinforced laminated bamboo columns are presented, showing a good agreement with experimental results. This research aims to provide some references for the design of laminated bamboo structures in future practical engineering.

A Multimodal conceptual framework to achieve automated software evolution for context-rich intelligent applications

AbstractWhile AI is extensively transforming Software Engineering (SE) fields, SE is still in need of a framework to consider overall all phases to facilitate Automated Software Evolution (ASEv), particularly for intelligent applications that are context-rich instead of conquering each division independently. Its complexity comes from the intricacy of the intelligent applications, the heterogeneity of the data sources, and the constant changes in the context. This study proposes a conceptual framework for achieving automated software evolution, emphasizing the importance of multimodality learning. A Selective Sequential Scope Model (3 S) model is developed based on the conceptual framework, and it can be used to categorize existing and future research when it covers different SE phases and multimodal learning tasks. This research is a preliminary step toward the blueprint of a higher-level ASEv. The proposed conceptual framework can act as a practical guideline for practitioners to prepare themselves for diving into this area. Although the study is about intelligent applications, the framework and analysis methods may be adapted for other types of software as AI brings more intelligence into their life cycles.

Permutation Entropy: An Ordinal Pattern-Based Resilience Indicator for Industrial Equipment

In a highly dynamic and complex environment where risks and uncertainties are inevitable, the ability of a system to quickly recover from disturbances and maintain optimal performance is crucial for ensuring operational continuity and efficiency. In this context, resilience has become an increasingly important topic in the field of engineering and the management of productive systems. However, there is no single quantitative indicator of resilience that allows for the measurement of this characteristic in a productive system. This study proposes the use of permutation entropy of ordinal patterns in time series as an indicator of resilience in industrial equipment and systems. Based on the definition of resilience, the developed method enables precise and efficient assessment of a system’s ability to withstand and recover from disturbances. The methodology includes the identification of ordinal patterns and their analysis through the calculation of a permutation entropy indicator to characterize the dynamics of industrial systems. Case studies are presented and the results are compared with other resilience models existing in the literature, aiming to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results are promising and highlight a highly applicable and simple indicator for resilience in industrial systems.

Fundamentals and Applications of Fluid Mechanics and Acoustics in Biomedical Engineering

The field of biomedical engineering has experienced important recent advances in experimental, computational, and analytical research in fluid mechanics and acoustics [...]

Adaptive variable gain linear active disturbance rejection control parameter optimization in magnetic levitation

The magnetic levitation ball system is characterized by strong nonlinearity, multiple disturbances, and intrinsic instability, which has long been a thorny problem in the field of control engineering. The magnetic levitation system can be continuously and stably levitated, even in a complex environment. In this thesis, the model of the magnetic levitation ball system is firstly constructed according to the kinetic theory and simplified according to the actual situation. After that, a linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) controller for the magnetic levitation ball system is designed. Considering that there are many parameters in the LADRC controller and it is difficult to obtain the optimal control effect by manual tuning, an adaptive variable gain LADRC algorithm is proposed to optimize the control strategy of LADRC parameters. An adaptive iterative algorithm is used to adaptively adjust the bandwidth of the linear extended state observer (LESO) in LADRC, and the convergence of the algorithm is demonstrated by using the Lyapunov function. To solve the problem that the proportional and differential gains of the LADRC controller can only be adjusted unidirectionally and simultaneously, this paper proposes an error variable gain algorithm. The aim is to realize the non-unidirectional and more detailed adjustment of the controller parameters, and it is rigorously analyzed and demonstrated through simulation and experiment. The results show that the proposed algorithm is better than proportional–integral–derivative (PID), sliding mode control (SMC), and LADRC in terms of dynamic performance, steady-state performance, and anti-interference.