Field Of Scientific Information Research Articles

City anthropomorphism in metaphors of its components and processes

The article explores the anthropomorphic metaphors that arise when describing a city and its components. Metaphor is one of the forms of cognition of the essence of a complex object or process. The city, as an object of knowledge, can be represented in many ways, one of which is a metaphor. Anthropomorphic metaphors are based on endowing the city with the properties of human morphology, physiology and psychology. The author aims to identify, structure and justify the use of anthropomorphic metaphors in various contexts. For this purpose, methods of terminological search and contextual analysis were used, thanks to which terms of urban discourse with anthropomorphic etymology were identified in the field of scientific information. The study established two main contexts of the anthropomorphism of the city: material and physiological and ideological and personal. Examples of metaphors are given and described.

Emotions as an Object of Information Exchange in Digital Culture

In this article, we substantiate the factors for developing a discussion of the problem of emotions as an object of information exchange within the framework of the documentary sciences and propose directions for using the potential of the emotional function of social information in the process of interaction between a specialist in the field of scientific information and a user in a digital culture.

Some Aspects of the Development of the All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information

Although the USSR and the United States had a comparable number of employees in the field of scientific information, there was a substantial difference in funding, which resulted in a lack of information support for Soviet scientists. While 90% of the publications in the United States were available almost immediately after their release, in the USSR they were delayed by 1.5 to 2 years. Since the publication of the Abstracts Journal by VINITI (AJ), its content was consistently expanding and reached its peak in 1990 (1.5 million documents per year). The next quarter of a century was characterized by a decline in both the composition of the AJ and the time required for its document coverage. The steps for restructuring VINITI activities are discussed. The focus is made on improving the limited coverage of the Russian-language part of the global flow of scientific information by Western information systems.

Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications

Plagiarism, fake or even falsified presentation has become a major plague for scientific publications. This paper is a response to personal appeal by David JW Lane the Editor-in-Chief of Research and Reports in Biodiversity Studies to support and promote the international author standards as developed by COPE for authors and editors-in-chief posted to me April 3rd 2012 (International standards for editors and authors http://www.dovepress.com/rrbscope.t9699812). As corresponding author for more than 100 scientific papers, dozens of scientific reviews, several chapters in scientific books, and author and editor of a book Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine, and as a reviewer of Journal of Chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Lipids, Journal of General Microbiology, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Journal of Microbiological Methods, Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Analytica Chimica Acta, Mycological Research and Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, and member of editorial board of Electronic Components and Systems, American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ISRN Chromatography and Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics I was adhered to a new ethical and moral standards in scientific publications. The presented paper is an example of use the analytical methods in visualizing of plagiarism and falsification in the published scientific literature. It is obvious that some of scientific publications need careful quality control. Some papers should have been rejected but were not. These papers clearly pollute the field of scientific information. It is not always easy to demonstrate inappropriate presentation even when many supporting facts are available. The facts should be obvious; there should be no hesitation about the quality or value of a paper presented for consideration to be published. Plagiarism is most common and harmful phenomenon in scientific publications. The plagiarism is based on an original discovery or reproduction of the results from the other authors. The analytical methods used in the quality control of the data can disclose plagiarism. An example is the publication under scrutiny “Applications of GC-EI-MS for the Identification of Positional Isomer in Primaquine, an Antimalarial Drug” by Dongre et al. (2005) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 39, No. 1-2, 111-116.

Oriented scientific programs and the development of information research in the U.S.S.R.

Science, having become a direct productive force of society, has entered a new stage of its development and assumed a position of “big” science, organized and controlled as a branch of industry and as an integral part of industry. The development of “big” science in the U.S.S.R. dates back to 1917. From the core of the advancing “big” science, a “big” scientific and information activity stemmed and came into existence. On the one hand, this was a result of the differentiation and division of labor in the scientific activity itself and, on the other hand, the industrially organized science cafled for an industrial organization of the scientific information service system. At the present time the manpower involved in the sphere of scientific information activities exceeds 130,000. No less than 50% have higher education, and a part of this qualified staff is concerned with scientific research and development. Thus, as in any other branch of science, information science has research manpower, ideas, facts, methods of research; if has its scientific literature, its technique of research and, finally, it has scientific establishments organized as specialized scientific institutions, and it has a scientific institution’s activities. The organ responsible for the coordination of all the scientific projects concerning scientific and technical information in the U.S.S.R. is the Directorate of Scientific and Technical Information at the State Committee of the U.S.S.R. for Science and Technology. The basic instrument for the coordination of research in the field of scientific and technical information is an oriented five year program which frames the principal projects for the development of the State Automated Information System, the aim of which is to improve the scientific and technical standards as we11 as the efficiency of research, development projects and production. The program sets up problems, schedules and the stages of implementation of the tasks; it specifies the ministries and departments responsible for the implementation of the basic tasks and appoints the head institutions and main organizations responsible for carrying them out; the program includes the estimated costs for scientific research and the capital investments. The preparation of such a program is a research task by itself. The scientific principles of working out oriented programs have been developed on the basis of a wide experience of planning in the U.S.S.R. The technique of the program preparation will now be described. A long-range forecast of the development is prepared by a head institute (the VINITI is the designated body in the field of scientific information) in collaboration with numerous scientific establishments. The forecast is submitted to the appropriate Scientific Board established at the State Committee for Science and Technology and consisting of the most competent specialists concerned with the problem. The Scientific Board concerned with the Problem “scientific and technical information” is headed by A. I. Mikailov, Director of the VINITI; the members of the Board are some of the most competent Soviet specialists as well as the heads of the basic information institutions of the U.S.S.R. The forecast is used for framing a complex program of scientific and technical development covering a period of 20 years. The program serves as the basis for detailing the project and the principal trends in its economic and social developments, which cover a period of 10 years divided into 5 year periods. Within the framework of the project, 5 year plans, specifying economic and social deveiopment programs for solving scientific and technical problems, are worked out. All these