Field Of Health Management Research Articles

A Tribute to and in Memory - Dr David Briggs AM (1948-2024)

Dr. David Briggs served as the Editor-in-Chief for the APJHM for 15 years and was responsible for the formation, development and steering the professional growth and impact of this publication. David was appointed by the Australasian College of Health Service Management (ACHSM) in the second year of the journal’s establishment which was introduced as the College’s own applied, peer reviewed journal aimed at communicating the development and practice of the field of health management within the Asia Pacific region......

Study on the intervention effect of HCH integrated SMG health management model on community high-risk group of cardiovascular disease.

This study aimed to evaluate the integration of the Hospital-Community-Home (HCH) model with the Self-Mutual-Group (SMG) health management model for high-risk populations with cardiovascular disease in the Yuhua community of Shijiazhuang city. The study focused on implementing care interventions (HCH, SMG) with a specific emphasis on SMG to promote beneficial views/behaviors, enhance self-efficacy/agency, and address detrimental determinants of health, ultimately leading to durable changes and healthier lifestyles. Comparing the HCH model with the combined SMG model helps to comprehensively assess the strengths and weaknesses of different health management approaches. This comparison contributes to theoretical innovation and practical development in the field of health management, as well as improving patients' health outcomes and quality of life. This study employed a quasi-experimental design. Using stratified sampling, individuals who underwent health examinations in Community A and Community B from Shijiazhuang city between May 2023 and August 2023 were randomly selected. After informing the participants about the study and obtaining informed consent via telephone, high-risk patients with cardiovascular disease were screened based on their medical examination reports. Data on lifestyle behaviors, self-efficacy, medical responses, quality of life, and readmission rates were collected and compared before and after the intervention. A total of 526 eligible participants were included, with 241 in the control group and 285 in the study group. After the intervention, there was no significant change in the proportions of smokers, alcohol consumers, and individuals engaging in leisure exercises in the control group. However, in the study group, the proportions of smokers and alcohol consumers significantly decreased, while the proportion of individuals engaging in leisure exercises significantly increased. After the intervention, both the study group and the control group showed significant increases in scores on the General Self-Efficacy Scale-Schwarzer (GSES) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), with the study group scoring significantly higher than the control group. Avoidance and surrender scores significantly increased after the intervention, with the study group scoring significantly lower than the control group. Confrontation scores significantly increased after the intervention, with the study group scoring significantly higher than the control group. During the follow-up period, the study group had a significantly lower readmission rate than the control group. The integration of HCH with SMG health management model can significantly improve lifestyle behaviors, optimize medical responses, enhance self-efficacy and quality of life, and significantly reduce readmission rates among high-risk populations with cardiovascular disease.

Analysis on the Integration and Development of Smart Sports and Traditional Martial Arts in the New Era

In the context of the new era, the integration of smart sports and traditional martial arts has broad prospects for development. This article first explores the application scope of smart sports technology in martial arts training and demonstrates its significant effect in improving training efficiency and accuracy through case analysis. Then, the practical significance of the integration of smart sports and traditional martial arts was analyzed, including promoting the modern inheritance of traditional culture, improving training effects and popularity, reducing the risk of injury, and its application value in the fields of health management and rehabilitation therapy. On this basis, specific strategies for the integrated development of smart sports and traditional martial arts in the new era are proposed, including promoting the popularization and application of smart sports technology; building a scientific and efficient education and training system to cultivate compound talents; strengthening technology companies and martial arts experts cooperation to jointly develop intelligent equipment and systems suitable for martial arts training. These practices aim to provide new paths and impetus for the integrated development of smart sports and traditional martial arts and promote the modern inheritance and innovative development of Chinese traditional culture.

Editorial from Editor-in-Chief

In the realm of public health, the integration of academic research with practical application is crucial for driving meaningful change and improving health outcomes. In the field of health management, this synergy is especially vital when it comes to enhancing the quality of service, ensuring patient safety, and optimizing the utilization of resources. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, we can pave the way for more effective strategies that address the multifaceted challenges facing our healthcare system today. The integration of academic research with practical application is essential for driving positive changes in health management and improving health outcomes. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, we can create a more sustainable, efficient, and patient-centered healthcare system. It is imperative that researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders work together to ensure that evidence-based practices are translated into real-world solutions that benefit individuals, communities, and society as a whole. Only through collaboration and innovation can we truly transform the landscape of public health and pave the way for a healthier future for all.

Polymer-based cascaded waveguide Bragg grating for blood glucose sensing.

Waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) blood glucose sensing, as a biological sensing technology with broad application prospects, plays an important role in the fields of health management and medical treatment. In this work, a polymer-based cascaded WBG is applied to glucose detection. We investigated photonic devices with two different grating structures cascaded-a crossed grating and a bilateral grating-and analyzed the effects of the crossed grating period, bilateral grating period, and number of grating periods on the sensing performance of the glucose sensor. Finally, the spectral reflectance characteristics, response time, and sensing specificity of the cascaded WBG were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the glucose sensor has a sensitivity of 175 nm/RIU in a glucose concentration range of 0-2 mg/ml and has the advantages of high integration, a narrow bandwidth, and low cost.

SERVIÇO SOCIAL E SAÚDE: PERSPECTIVAS DE ATUAÇÃO NO CAMPO DE GESTÃO E PLANEJAMENTO.

The current problems involving the health field are read within the context of neoliberal policies which make access and implementation of the right to health unfeasible as proposed by the Health Reform and in accordance with the assumptions of the Unified Health System (SUS). Social Work, as a professional category aligned with the interests of the working class and in line with professional documents, especially its current Code of Ethics, identifies in the sphere of management and planning an appropriate space to contribute to the realization of the right to health. The work is developed based on a bibliographical analysis of existing materials and, through an analytical reading, promotes discussion about the possibilities for social workers to work in the field of health management and planning. As a result, we have to move away from traditional practices, characterized by their technicality and bureaucracy, and by opting for a democratic and strategic management concept, they enable, in this field, critical action that considers the real health needs of the population from a perspective of realizing the right to health.

SERVIÇO SOCIAL E SAÚDE: PERSPECTIVAS DE ATUAÇÃO NO CAMPO DE GESTÃO E PLANEJAMENTO.

The current problems involving the health field are read within the context of neoliberal policies which make access and implementation of the right to health unfeasible as proposed by the Health Reform and in accordance with the assumptions of the Unified Health System (SUS). Social Work, as a professional category aligned with the interests of the working class and in line with professional documents, especially its current Code of Ethics, identifies in the sphere of management and planning an appropriate space to contribute to the realization of the right to health. The work is developed based on a bibliographical analysis of existing materials and, through an analytical reading, promotes discussion about the possibilities for social workers to work in the field of health management and planning. As a result, we have to move away from traditional practices, characterized by their technicality and bureaucracy, and by opting for a democratic and strategic management concept, they enable, in this field, critical action that considers the real health needs of the population from a perspective of realizing the right to health.

Challenges for healthcare Managers in 2023

Introduction: Managers in the field of healthcare face many challenges that are specific to this area and are caused by the dynamic and constantly changing healthcare environment. Research sample and research objective: The main research objective was to evaluate significant aspects of financing and organizing healthcare systems, summarize assumptions for the successful functioning of a healthcare system, assess factors influencing healthcare spending, and predict the challenges that healthcare managers will face in 2023 at both the micro (individual healthcare facilities) and macro (healthcare system in Slovakia) levels. The research sample was selected by deliberate selection and consisted of 109 respondents: healthcare managers (n=16), experts from the field of health management (n=15), experts from the field of human resources (n=19), directors of health facilities (n=10), medical (n=28) and paramedical staff (n=21). Methods: Statistical testing was carried out using the methods of inferential statistics: the independent samples t-test was used to compare mean scores between two groups (RQ1 and RQ2) and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare mean scores among three groups (RQ 3). Results: We found out there are no differences in the respondents’ opinions on the challenges for healthcare managers in 2023 based on their job titles, the type of health facility in which they work or according to the length of practice. Conclusion: According to the respondents, the most current trends and challenges for Slovak healthcare are: the need for qualified medical personnel, a focus on retaining employees and solving the growing costs of healthcare.

Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Infertility in Reproductive-Aged Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In recent years, female infertility has become a research hotspot in the field of health management, and its cause may be related to insulin resistance (IR). We used a novel and practical IR indicator, the TyG index to explore its association with infertility. We calculated the TyG index using data from adult women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2018. Then, we used multivariate logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analysis to examine the association between the TyG index and infertility in women. Logistic regression models showed a positive correlation between the TyG index and infertility, which remained significant even after adjusting for all confounders (OR=1.51,95% CI:1.14-2.00, p=0.005). This association was consistent in all subgroups (age, education level, marital status, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, pelvic inflammatory disease/PID treatment, and menstrual regularity in the past 12 months) (p>0.05 for all interactions). However, the diagnostic power of the TyG index for infertility was limited (AUC=0.56, 95% CI: 0.52-0.61). The TyG index is positively correlated with infertility, but its diagnostic value is limited. Further research is needed on the TyG index as an early predictor of infertility.

Bayesian Hyper-parameter Optimization in One-dimensional Convolutional Autoencoder for Monitoring Bearing Health Status

This study introduces a framework that integrates hyperparameter optimization techniques for feature representation and abnormality detection in machine health diagnostics. The framework leverages one-dimensional convolutional autoencoders (1D-CAEs) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) as the key components. We propose a systematic approach that begins with the development of the 1DCAE model to encode characteristics into a latent vector. Subsequently, we employ an MLP to effectively detect and identify abnormalities within the encoded data. Our study presents a novel contribution by integrating an adjusted hybrid stopping criterion into the Bayesian optimization framework to improve the efficiency and robustness of anomaly detection. The accuracy and training time of these approaches were examined and evaluated using the bearing degradation data under real-life scenarios. The findings of our study provide strong evidence that the utilization of the Bayesian optimization method, along with the suggested stopping criterion, surpasses conventional tuning techniques in both training time and accuracy. This achievement sets a novel standard for optimizing hyperparameters in the prognostics and health management field. The superiority observed in our study extends beyond the fidelity of the derived models, encompassing the accelerated identification of ideal hyperparameters and holding practical value for real-world applications for early detection of abnormality.

Fault Knowledge Graph Construction and Platform Development for Aircraft PHM.

To tackle the problems of over-reliance on traditional experience, poor troubleshooting robustness, and slow response by maintenance personnel to changes in faults in the current aircraft health management field, this paper proposes the use of a knowledge graph. The knowledge graph represents troubleshooting in a new way. The aim of the knowledge graph is to improve the correlation between fault data by representing experience. The data source for this study consists of the flight control system manual and typical fault cases of a specific aircraft type. A knowledge graph construction approach is proposed to construct a fault knowledge graph for aircraft health management. Firstly, the data are classified using the ERNIE model-based method. Then, a joint entity relationship extraction model based on ERNIE-BiLSTM-CRF-TreeBiLSTM is introduced to improve entity relationship extraction accuracy and reduce the semantic complexity of the text from a linguistic perspective. Additionally, a knowledge graph platform for aircraft health management is developed. The platform includes modules for text classification, knowledge extraction, knowledge auditing, a Q&A system, and graph visualization. These modules improve the management of aircraft health data and provide a foundation for rapid knowledge graph construction and knowledge graph-based fault diagnosis.

Efficiency of Turkish Health Management Departments through Data Envelopment Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine which of the input and output variables made a statistically significant difference in the efficiency status of undergraduate departments offering Health Management education in Turkey, to identify areas where inefficient departments could improve, and to determine which of the input and output variables made a statistically significant difference in the efficiency status of inefficient departments. The output-oriented data envelopment analysis model was employed in the efficiency analysis. As a decision-making unit, there were 43 Health Management departments. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse whether or not there was a statistically significant difference between the efficiencies of the departments based on the input and output variables. In Turkey, 15 of 43 state universities providing formal undergraduate education in the field of Health Management are fully efficient. Also, there was a significant difference in terms of the “number of completed projects” and the “number of papers in journals screened within the scope of Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC)” variables. No study examining the efficiency of Health Management departments has been found in the literature. Department administrators are encouraged to increase their publications and look into ways to design more initiatives.

Identification and Prioritization of Required Managerial Competencies for Healthcare Management Graduates in Iran Health System

Background. Students and graduates in the field of health management will be future managers of the health field. Improving the skills of health system managers as one of the main pillars of health service organizations is essential to meet the health needs of the community. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and prioritize the key skills required by healthcare management graduates as future managers of the health system. Methods. This study was performed in three steps using the method of content analysis, Delphi, and factor analysis. In the first step, a semi-structured and interactive in-depth interview was used to determine the skills required for managerial jobs in the health system, and the data were analyzed based on the content analysis method. The sample size was 14 health experts. In the second step, a Delphi study was designed to build consensus on skills. The participants scored 44 skills extracted from the interviews through a three-point Likert scale from disagree to agree (from 1 to 3), then the skills were divided into several component groups through factor analysis. Results. In this study, 44 key skills needed by managers and graduated students in the field of health service management were identified in 10 components. Conclusion. Costs and resources allocated to the training of health service management graduated students should be based on the need of the labor market and workspace.

Research on knowledge representation and modeling of health management based on fuzzy ontology

The long-term maintenance of good condition for equipment is the basis of carrying out combat missions under the high technology and fast pace of modern war. However, the knowledge in the health management field at present has the characteristics of distribution, multi-source, heterogeneity and uncertainty, which seriously affects the efficiency of knowledge sharing and reuse. In order to improve the utilization of health management knowledge, an ontology-based knowledge representation method is proposed to describe knowledge in a unified and standardized way, and the classical ontology is extended to express the uncertain knowledge in the field of health management. In addition, to improve the maintenance and knowledge updating efficiency, a global ontology model and a hierarchy, time and activity (HTA) ontology model are constructed. This paper takes the guidance subsystem of a missile as an example to illustrate the process of knowledge modeling. The results show this method realizes knowledge sharing in the health management field and can provide decision support for health management of equipment.

Türk Sağlık Sisteminde İhtiyaç Duyulan Yeni Nesil Sağlık Reformları

Türk sağlık sisteminde 2000’li yılların başında Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı ile birlikte başlayan köklü değişim ve dönüşümlerin üzerinden 20 yıla yakın zaman geçmiş, bu süre zarfında yeni uygulamaları sistem test etmiştir. Yine bu sürede Türkiye’de ve dünyada sağlık sistemlerini etkileyecek önemli değişimler yaşanmıştır. Sağlık sisteminin dinamik yapısı sebebiyle sağlık reformları belli zamanlarda gündeme gelmektedir. Bu araştırmada, sağlık yönetimi alanında çalışan akademisyenlerin görüşleri çerçevesinde Türk sağlık sisteminde ihtiyaç duyulan yeni nesil sağlık reformu alanları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formlarıyla katılımcılara Türk sağlık sisteminin sorunları ve bu sorunları çözmek için hangi alanlarda reform yapılması gerektiği sorulmuştur. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’deki üniversitelerde çalışan 50 akademisyene ulaşılmış ve katılımcıların görüşleri tematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Katılımcıların %94’ü sağlık sisteminin reforma ihtiyacı olduğunu belirtmiştir. Ortaya konulan sorunlardan hareketle reform alanları belli temalar altında toplanmış ve bu temalar üst başlıklarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Türk sağlık sisteminde sağlık reformu ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır ve bu ihtiyaçlar yönetim ve örgütlenme, hizmet sunumu, ekonomi ve finansman, insan kaynakları ve mevzuat başlıkları altında toplanmıştır.

Performance Degradation Modeling and Its Prediction Algorithm of an IGBT Gate Oxide Layer Based on a CNN-LSTM Network.

The problem of health status prediction of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) has gained significant attention in the field of health management of power electronic equipment. The performance degradation of the IGBT gate oxide layer is one of the most important failure modes. In view of failure mechanism analysis and the easy implementation of monitoring circuits, this paper selects the gate leakage current of an IGBT as the precursor parameter of gate oxide degradation, and uses time domain characteristic analysis, gray correlation degree, Mahalanobis distance, Kalman filter, and other methods to carry out feature selection and fusion. Finally, it obtains a health indicator, characterizing the degradation of IGBT gate oxide. The degradation prediction model of the IGBT gate oxide layer is constructed by the Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) Network, which show the highest fitting accuracy compared with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), and CNN-LSTM models in our experiment. The extraction of the health indicator and the construction and verification of the degradation prediction model are carried out on the dataset released by the NASA-Ames Laboratory, and the average absolute error of performance degradation prediction is as low as 0.0216. These results show the feasibility of the gate leakage current as a precursor parameter of IGBT gate oxide layer failure, as well as the accuracy and reliability of the CNN-LSTM prediction model.

Electromyogram (EMG) Signal Classification Based on Light-Weight Neural Network with FPGAs for Wearable Application

Recently, the application of bio-signals in the fields of health management, human–computer interaction (HCI), and user authentication has increased. This is because of the development of artificial intelligence technology, which can analyze bio-signals in numerous fields. In the case of the analysis of bio-signals, the results tend to vary depending on the analyst, owing to a large amount of noise. However, when a neural network is used, feature extraction is possible, enabling a more accurate analysis. However, if the bio-signal time series is analyzed as is, the total neural network increases in size. In this study, to accomplish a light-weight neural network, a maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) and a smoothing technique are used for better feature extraction. Moreover, the learning efficiency is increased using an augmentation technique. In designing the neural network, a one-dimensional convolution layer is used to ensure that the neural network is simple and light-weight. Consequently, the light-weight attribute can be achieved, and neural networks can be implemented in edge devices such as the field programmable gate array (FPGA), yielding low power consumption, high security, fast response times, and high user convenience for wearable applications. The electromyogram (EMG) signal represents a typical bio-signal in this study.

Didactic Sequences as an Educational Product to Facilitate Teaching-Learning Processes in Lato Sensu Graduate Courses in the Area of Health Management in Primary Care

Teaching strategies can be considered as techniques that are constructed to be used with the objective of promoting teaching and learning in the classroom, so that the teacher is considered a mentor, as he is the one who selects, analyzes, studies, organizes, builds and proposes the most classic tools to facilitate the learning process [1]. This study is an experience report related to the construction of an educational product that consists of the elaboration of pedagogical strategies, characterized by five didactic sequences in the perspective of collaborating with teaching-learning processes in lato sensu graduate courses. The themes that are part of the didactic sequences were built based on the results obtained in scientific research carried out during the development of the strict sensu postgraduate course in Teaching in Health and Technology, which involved: the work of coordinators who work in the field of health management in Primary Care, situations that challenge the management of Primary Care and the potentialities of work in the management of Primary Care. The didactic sequences have fun teaching strategies that provide meaningful learning for a future qualified professional performance. These sequences involve the use of active methodologies and the use of digital tools. The educational product developed seeks to promote benefits that can collaborate with the improvement of Primary Care Management and teaching-learning processes in the training of health professionals. Therefore, the pedagogical strategies, as well as its entire construction process, were developed through the collaboration of professors of the Health and Society discipline at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL), seeking to make it qualify for effective construction of knowledge and that promote its wide use in the academic environment.

Application of nanotechnology in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the fish diseases

The occurrence of the disease is one of the main threats to the intensive aquaculture system. With the development of the aquaculture industry, it is expected that the fish will encounter various infectious and non-infectious diseases. In addition to treatment costs, the use of antibiotics in the control of infectious diseases can also cause resistance in bacteria. Therefore, today, the use of additives such as vitamin and mineral supplements, probiotics, prebiotics, and various nanoparticles to improve the growth performance and health of fish, increase the performance of the fish immune system, and resistance to diseases has expanded. The aim of this study was the investigation of the use of anotechnology in aquaculture and effect of it on fish species health, the use of them in nanocarrieres, nanovaccine, nanosensores, etc. According to the increasing trend of studies in the field of nanotechnology, we can hope to provide other new methods in the field of health management of fish farms and prevent damages caused by the occurrence of diseases in the aquaculture industry.

Corporate social policy of the company as a basis for the development of solutions in the field of health management: review of foreign literature

The article presents an overview of scientific publications by foreign authors on the development of corporate socially-oriented practices in the field of employee health management. It is determined that there is a direct link between initiatives within the framework of internal corporate social responsibility and health, stress level, satisfaction, productivity of employees, their loyalty to the company.