Field Of Child Protection Research Articles

PROTECTING OF CHILDREN’S RIGHTS BY THE PROSECUTOR THROUGH REPRESENTATIVE MEANS: SEARCH FOR THE INTERESTS OF THE STATE

The article highlights some peculiarities of the legislative regulation of the prosecutor’s protection of children’s rights by means of representative means through the prism of court practice on determining the State’s interest in this area. The purpose of the article is to highlight the peculiarities of legislative regulation of the prosecutor’s function of representing the State’s interests in court in the area of child protection and also to make proposals for improving the efficiency of the mechanism of protection of children’s rights by means of prosecutorial representation. The author notes the imperfection of the legislative regulation of the representative function of the prosecutor’s office, which narrows its human rights protection potential. It is proved that imperfect legislation and the lack of consistent and unambiguous judicial practice create difficulties in the prosecutor’s office’s function of representing the interests of the State in the field of child protection. The author formulates the author’s own concept of prosecutorial representation in the field of child protection, which is proposed to be understood as the activities carried out by specially authorized subjects - juvenile prosecutors - with a valueoriented social focus on the realisation of a child’s rights to life, healthcare, treatment, recreation, education, social security, comprehensive development and upbringing in a family environment, as well as on the protection of the State’s interests in this area as a strategic national priority. In order to increase the effectiveness of representative activities and the efficiency of protection and enforcement of children’s rights in this area, it is proposed to introduce appropriate legislative changes to the mechanism for calculating and making appropriate payments to orphans and children deprived of parental care.

The Implementation of Parental Obligations in the Fulfillment of Children’s Rights: A Case Study in Banjaran Godang Village Based on the Compilation of Islamic Law and the Child Protection Law

This research aims to examine the implementation of parental obligations in Banjaran Godang Village in fulfilling children’s rights, specifically the right to education, play, and growth and development, based on the Compilation of Islamic Law and the Child Protection Law. This study adopts a combined approach, namely qualitative with the field research method and normative, by analyzing data qualitatively to describe the problem and answer the research objectives. The results showed that implementing parental obligation in fulfilling children’s rights in Banjaran Godang Village is not fully aligned with the Compilation of Islamic Law and Child Protection Law. There is a misunderstanding among parents who consider formal education merely Sunnah and prioritize trading and farming skills, based on their interpretation of the life of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in his childhood. As a result, children’s rights to play, grow, and develop are neglected. Therefore, it is recommended that the Banjaran Godang Village Government develop a comprehensive and sustainable counseling and outreach program regarding children’s rights and parental obligations. This program should involve religious leaders to correct misunderstandings about formal education in Islam, experts in the field of child protection to provide a comprehensive understanding of children’s rights, and related institutions to optimize program implementation.

Transnational professionalism in child welfare in Germany

The field of child protection is closely interwoven with the national welfare state and its institutions. Nowadays, both the everyday lives of families and the professional work are shaped by transnational activities. This article presents the results of a study on child protection services in Germany working across national borders. Although regulated by international law, there are institutional and organisational gaps challenging professionals in this field. We can find processes of border setting and border crossing by professional social workers at the same time. Two ideal types of transnational situations are presented that reflect the variations of professional activities.

Thinking politically about social work in child protection and welfare: A radical Reappropriation of the works of Hannah Arendt

This article presents a theoretical exposition of Arendtian political philosophy for child protection and welfare social work. The aim is to better understand and inform social work in the field of child protection and welfare, whilst accounting for the political context of practice. Sustaining the exposition is the view that power-laden child protection systems are ultimately socio-political through their authority to intervene in private family life. This is partly owing to the instrumental power inherent in child protection systems to exert dominance and control over service users and social groups leading to raced, gendered and classed outcomes in child welfare. To unpack the political nature of social work in child protection and welfare, a tripartite conceptual frame of private, public and social domains is derived from Arendt’s philosophical work. This is critically applied to put forward seven propositions for how social work can develop in child protection and welfare, with respect to practice in a socio-political context. Practical implications for future social work include implementing evidence-informed advocacy efforts and conducting empirical research toward preserving balance in social work attention to public and private life.

Information for Decision Making in Child Protection: A study of Decision Making in Delhi

Decision making is a complex phenomenon which is usually defined as a process or a sequence of activities involving the stages of problem recognition, search for information, definition of alternatives and the selection of one from two or more alternatives with the highest degree of reward. Best Interest of the Child is one of the guiding principles under the UNCRC Article 3). Decision making in the ‘Best Interest of the Child’ in the field of child protection is necessary as the life of the child revolves around the decisions taken for him/her. In normal circumstances, the onus of taking decision for the child is on the biological parents. However, due to certain circumstances which push the children out of the safety net, the decision-making shifts to the state which has the duty to preserve the rights of the children. It is therefore important to examine the dynamics of decision making in the area of child protection by the state. Data was collected from key functionaries involved in decision making in child protection, including District Child Protection Units and Child Welfare Committee members on various aspects of their decision making Results of the study revealed that decision mkers often face difficulties in taking decisions ensuring the Best Interest of the Child due to insufficient, inaccurate and lack of quality information about the child.

Child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for child and adolescent mental health

As societies worldwide addressed the numerous challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, a troubling concern emerged—the possible rise of child maltreatment, which is a pernicious risk factor for child and adolescent mental health difficulties. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the many changes and challenges associated with the pandemic influenced worldwide occurrences of child maltreatment and, subsequently, the mental health of children and adolescents. First, we present the well-established evidence regarding the impact of child maltreatment on the mental health of children and adolescents both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Next, we examine the existing literature on the prevalence of child maltreatment during the pandemic, explanations for conflicting findings, and key mechanisms influencing the prevalence of maltreatment. Using a heuristic model of child maltreatment and its downstream influence on child mental health, we discuss risk and protective factors for maltreatment as well as mechanisms by which maltreatment operates to influence child and adolescent mental health. Finally, based on the accumulated evidence, we provide important recommendations for advancing research on child maltreatment, emphasizing the necessity for routine monitoring of maltreatment exposure at a population level, and discussing the implications for the field of child protection. This comprehensive review aims to contribute to the understanding of the challenges arising from the intersection of the COVID-19 pandemic and child maltreatment, with the goal of informing effective interventions in the domain of child welfare.

STANDARDISED SOCIAL WORK METHODS AND STRATEGIES IN THE ROLES OF CHILD PROTECTION WORKERS: A REPORT FROM KUWAITIS CHILD PROTECTION WORKERS

Protection workers around the world are faced with methods and strategies to protect children at risk. Therefore, this article aims to identify the methods that are applied in the State of Kuwait by workers in the field of child protection in hospitals and community police, as well as the Kuwaiti Development Office. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted on 12 workers. The study utilized the qualitative approach, employing phenomenology as a research design. The data gathering technique involves conducting a comprehensive in-depth interview and performing analysis through the utilization of NVivo software. The results showed that there are different methods used to protect children, the interviews also revealed that the counseling service is provided through the Social Development Office and that there is a demand from hospital workers to provide counseling services. The results also showed that there is no unified safety plan in place. The study suggests working on standardized methods for working with children at risk, through assessment, trauma-informed care, as well as proper planning for children's safety.

ОХРАНА МАТЕРИНСТВА И ДЕТСТВА В ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ СОВЕТСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ В ГОРНОМ АЛТАЕ

The paper highlights the formation and further development of the system of maternity and childhood protection as one of the most important spheres of the Soviet healthcare in 1920s–30s. The field of child protection in the in Gorny Altai was in particular need of expanding the forms and methods of work, since child mortality rates at the beginning of the 20s were quite high. There was no specialized work on the protection of motherhood and childhood; there were no trained personnel. The development of diseases, and consequently mortality, was facilitated by unfavorable living conditions of the local population, lack of hygienic culture and regular movements of the population throughout the region. The solution to this problem was facilitated by the introduction of Soviet legislation on labor protection for pregnant and lactating women and their children. Since the mid-20s, commissions to promote the protection of motherhood and childhood were formed in the region, which carried out active educational and organizational work. The organization of mobile institutions for the protection of motherhood and childhood played a great role in solving the problem. In addition to a few stationary consultations, mobile institutions assumed the responsibility of providing assistance to the population of the region leading a nomadic and semi-nomadic lifestyle. In large population centers, the consultation stopped for more than a month, conducting surveys and providing ongoing assistance in remote areas of the mountainous terrain. Along with providing medical care, mobile consultation workers provided explanations about religious prejudices and superstitions. The data presented show the features of the formation of stationary institutions, the development of mobile services for mother and child care in the Oirot Autonomous Region. A positive result was a decrease in child and maternal mortality and an improvement in demographic indicators in the country.

Child maltreatment and mental health- Ayurveda perspective

Child maltreatment is a pervasive and complex societal issue that encompasses various forms of abuse and neglect, posing significant threats to the well-being and development of children worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines child maltreatment as “all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation that results in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, development or dignity.” Abuse of children can have serious short and long term effects on physical, sexual, and mental health. These include physical harm, such as concussions and severe disabilities, especially in young children, as well as anxiety, sadness, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Child abuse has a strong correlation with alcohol and drug usage and can impact cognitive and academic performance.Priority must be for protecting and preserving the safety of abused children. The goals of ongoing treatment are to lessen the long-term psychological and physical effects of abuse as well as preventing reoccurrence. Child maltreatment is a global concern with profound implications for the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of children. While conventional approaches in the field of child protection have made significant strides, there is growing interest in exploring complementary practices, such as Ayurveda, to enhance the overall well-being of maltreated children. The potential role of Ayurveda in addressing child maltreatment, considering its ancient roots in promoting holistic health and balance is to be highlighted. Ayurveda also proposes the principles for taking care of childhood and preventing maltreatment for them. Therapies, including herbal remedies, massage, and meditation is having the potential in managing and rehabilitating the children affected by maltreatment. Ayurveda focuses in addressing not only physical symptoms but also mental and emotional aspects that aligns with the comprehensive needs of maltreated children.

Criss-crossings of Psychological Practice in Adoption Processes

Psychologists have acquired an increasingly significant role in the field of child protection in Argentina. Particularly in regard to their participation in the adoption system, psychological reports and interventions have taken great prominence when an exceptional protection measure of family separation is decided or when the adoptability status of a child is under consideration, among other instances. The increasing incidence of intervention by psychologists makes it necessary to analyse the factors that infuse the practices conditioning professional criteria. From a mental health perspective, it is necessary for professionals in the area to be able to provide a reading of the subjective aspects at stake. Based on this, we reflect on the importance of articulating both the children’s rights field and the field of the individual subject involved in each case. This article presents some results of PhD field research conducted in Buenos Aires, Argentina, by analysing qualitative interviews and the retrieval of information from legal files collected from a Civil Court and from several institutions related to the adoption system. It examines various institutional and discursive criss-crossings that affect the work and the viewpoint of psychologists in this area of their activity. Keywords: adoption; ethics; institutions; psychology; subjectivity.

Программы повышения профессиональных компетенций и поддержка деятельности специалистов сферы защиты детства в России

<p>The article was prepared based on the results of the round table "Specifics of the development of professional development programs for specialists in the field of child rights protection, guardianship and guardianship", held in November 2023. The review of the regional experience in the development and implementation of programs to improve the professional competencies of specialists in the field of child protection in Russia is presented. Options for the modernization of vocational education are described, including through the replication of the experience of resource centers, the introduction of adaptive, practice-oriented and flexible educational programs. The search for opportunities to improve the effectiveness of traditional and distance learning technologies in the context of digital transformation (using the example of data collection and processing) is shown. The forms and types of support for specialists in the field, including mentoring and supervision, are considered.</p>

International practices in the development of administrative legal relations in the field of child protection

Ensuring and protecting children’s rights is a priority in building harmonious legal relations in everycivilisedcountry. Thestudyoftheexperienceofdifferent countries regarding the specifics of the development of administrative legal relations in the field of child protection allows analysing the problematic aspects and identifying positive developments that should be adopted and disseminated. The purpose of this study is to investigate administrative legal relations in the area of child rights protection in certain countries of the world. A set of methods was employed, including methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalisation, etc. The study examined the content of certain provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as well as the specific features of legal relations existing between the bodies and institutions of the United Nations. The study analysed the specifics of the development of administrative legal relations in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal systems. It was emphasised that in each of the countries under consideration, ensuring and protecting children’s rights is a priority for the state. Even though an effective mechanism for ensuring children’s rights has been developed in countries with highly developed economies and legal culture, certain elements of ensuring children’s rights still need to be improved. The legal relations between different state structures for the protection of children’s rights in the United States of America, England, Germany, France, and Romania are investigated and systematised. Based on the study conducted, a classification of the system of development of administrative legal relations in the area under study was proposed. In addition, the similarities and differences in the development of administrative legal relations for the protection of children’s rights in countries with different legal systems, legal cultures, levels of economic development and mentality were generalised, with author’s generalisations and proposals. The proposed scientific study can be used by researchers as a basis for further scientific investigations, by teachers of higher education institutions, as well as by employees of social services for children and representatives of public authorities who influence the development of state policy on the protection of children’s rights

Имплементация норм международного права по защите детей в законодательство РФ

The issues related to the protection of children's rights at the international legal level are considered, the main aspects of the implementation of international norms into national legislation on the protection of children's rights are shown, a comparative analysis of the main international documents in the field of human rights and child protection is carried out, they reveal common and special features. Based on the comparative legal analysis, the conclusion is made about the different scope of the content of these rights in international and Russian legislation. It is shown that continuity in law makes it possible to explore models of legal regulation of the protection of children's rights, both at the national and international levels, it is carried out in the form of a transition from one legal system to another.

CHILD PROTECTION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW AND THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN IN MEDAN CITY

<p align="justify">In particular, handling children's problems is included in the social rehabilitation sector which is under the Social Rehabilitation Section for Children and the Elderly Outside of Homes and/or Institutions, although it is also related to other sections within the Medan City Social Service. The importance of this study is to carry out integration between the concept of human rights in the global context and human rights in Islam. It still needs to be reduced to an integrated child protection concept, so that it can be implemented in the form of policies in the local context, especially in the field of social welfare. To derive these two concepts, a systems approach is needed that can explain the position and role of the CRC and Islamic law in child protection and the role of the Medan City Government, especially within the Medan City Social Service, in implementing existing policies. This research uses a qualitative approach to describe and analyze how Islamic law and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) view child protection from their respective perspectives and will then be analyzed as a whole. The role of the Medan City Social Service relating to the field of child protection is carried out through the duties of the Social Rehabilitation Sector, in point (g) that "Guidance, development and control of social service efforts in the field of social rehabilitation services for street children, abandoned children, delinquent children and service provision for neglected elderly people and social rehabilitation of delinquent children.</p>

Кейс-метод в обучении специалистов органов опеки и попечительства и специалистов аппарата уполномоченного по правам ребенка

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">The article describes the experience of using the case method in training specialists from guardianship and guardianship authorities and specialists from the Office of the Commissioner for Children's Rights in the Russian Federation as part of the implementation of the supervision webinar cycle. Supervisory support of specialists in the field is organized in the format of online meetings, during which case studies from the practice of students were analyzed. The article offers an overview of the topics highlighted in the analysis of cases received from students, describes the key points in the discussion of the proposed cases from the standpoint of competence-based and practice-oriented approaches to adult learning. Supervision, built on the basis of real cases, contributed to the improvement and acquisition of new professional competencies within the framework of the qualifications of specialists in the field of child protection. The analysis of the received cases made it possible to identify the main deficits and educational needs of specialists, which can be used in further training of specialists.</span></p>

STATE AND LEGAL POLICY OF UKRAINE IN THE FIELD OF PROTECTION OF CHILDREN DURING MARTIAL LAW

Abstract. The article analyzes the state and legal policy of Ukraine in the sphere of child protection during the period of martial law. A review of normative legal acts of Ukraine in the field of child protection, which reflect the state-legal policy, in particular: the Law of Ukraine On Childhood Protection", the Concept of the State Social Program «National Action Plan for the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child» for the period up to 2021, State Social Program «National Action Plan for the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child» for the period up to 2021, etc. On the basis of the analysis of normative legal acts of Ukraine, conclusions are made about the state of the state-legal policy in the field of child protection.

Protection of children’s rights as a component of Ukraine’s national security

The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to address the critical state of children’s rights in the context of military aggression against Ukraine, which requires immediate measures to strengthen their protection. The main purpose of this study is to examine the concept of child security as an integral part of national security. Methodologically, the study is based on a critical analysis of scientific sources and the international and Ukrainian legal framework for the protection of children’s rights in general and in armed conflict in particular. The study also analysed relevant statistics. The results of the study highlight the state of child rights protection in Ukraine in the context of Russia’s full-scale invasion. The state of national legislation in the field of child protection and its compliance with international standards are examined, and ways to improve the Ukrainian legal framework are proposed. The urgency of expanding international cooperation to restore the psychological and moral well-being of children is substantiated. The author emphasizes the need to increase funding for organizations involved in supporting and protecting children’s rights, recognizing that children represent the future of the state. The author emphasizes the role of juvenile justice bodies in the implementation of the state’s domestic policy, which is an integral part of national security, is guided by international and national legal norms and is aimed at guaranteeing and protecting the rights and freedoms of children. Long-term perspective goals for state bodies are formulated. By addressing a previously unexplored area, the study improves understanding of the important link between child security and national security. In practice, the findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in protecting the rights and well-being of children, who are among the most vulnerable citizens in times of armed conflict.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KHUSUS BAGI ANAK DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 OLEH DP3A KOTA SEMARANG

Many Indonesian children lost their parents who died because of Covid-19. These children need special protection and have rights that must be fulfilled by governments (either central or local). The aims of this study are to: 1) find out the role of the Semarang City Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Service (DP3A) in carrying out special protection for children whose parents died due to the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) find out the obstacles that are faced by DP3A in implementing this special protection. This research is a non-doctrinal (empirical) legal research and the data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through interviews with the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (DP3A) Semarang City. Secondary data was obtained through literature study related to legal materials according to the research topic. The results of the study demonstrate that the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (DP3A) has carried out an imperative role in accordance with its duties and functions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, namely in the field of child protection. The obstacles faced by DP3A are: limited authority and incomprehensive policy.

Kazakhstan's implementation of international conventions on the protection of children's rights (juvenile responsibility)

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to analyze international experience and legislation on the protection of children's rights, to assess the state of this issue in the national space of Kazakhstan, to conduct a comparative analysis and the level of implementation of the provisions of international conventions. To achieve the set goals and tasks, to ensure the reliability of the results and conclusions obtained, a system of methods of scientific cognition was used, which, in conjunction with general logical methods and techniques, made it possible to comprehensively and effectively investigate the administrative and legal support for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of child protection. The formation of the international legal framework for the formation of a system for the protection of children's rights is studied. The level of Kazakhstan's accession to the implementation of international documents in the field of children's rights protection has been determined. The main directions of non‐compliance with international regulations in Kazakhstan according to the conclusions of the UN (United Nations) committees are described. The level of priority of this direction of state policy for the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its normative regulation is assessed. The system of juvenile justice in the country and the situation of children in the Republic of Kazakhstan is analyzed according to the reports of the relevant authorities.

“The Feeling Is What Counts”: Fathers’ Perspectives on Child Risk and Protection within the Ultra-Orthodox Context

Context is known to have substantial influence on issues pertaining to child development. Nevertheless, the field of child well-being, risk, and protection is rooted in Western modernized research and experience, often overlooking contextual dissimilarity. The present study aimed to explore risk and protection for children in a distinct context: the Ultra-Orthodox community, which is an insular and religiously close-knit society. Fifteen in-depth interviews with Ultra-Orthodox fathers dealing with issues of child risk and protection were conducted and thematically analyzed. Analysis of the findings revealed two major areas that fathers viewed as posing potential risk for children: poverty and a lack of paternal presence. In both cases, the fathers emphasized that appropriate mediation of these circumstances can diffuse their potential harm. The discussion outlines the different ways fathers proposed mediating potential risk situations, highlighting distinct religion-related methods. It then considers specific, context-informed ramifications and recommendations and notes limitations and directions for future study.