No area of inquiry within the field of adolescent development has generated as much enduring interest over the past 2 decades as the study of the family. Whereas fads and fashions in other topic areas have come and gone, research on parent–adolescent relationships has maintained a constant presence in the literature, dominating the scientific journals, overwhelming the review panels of funding agencies, and capturing the lion’s share of popular publications on teenagers and how to ensure their health and well-being. In this article, I examine the most important ideas to have emerged from the past 25 years of research on adolescent development in the family context and suggest some directions for the future—if not for the next quarter century, then at least for the next several years. My rationale for using the mid-1970s as the starting point for this journey is simple: Before that time, there was no systematic empirical literature on the family at adolescence to speak of. There were a handful of scattered studies in the journals and some widely read theoretical treatises, but it would have been a challenge, to say the least, to stare any coherence into the published literature on adolescence and their parents, even as late as 1980. The state of the literature today is remarkably different. Indeed, I believe that there are some questions that have been so conclusively answered that I shall suggest that we do not need further research on them, and that our efforts would be more fruitfully directed at other issues. But more on that audacious proposition later. I have organized this overview around two major sets of questions that have dominated my own research agenda for the past 25 years. The first set of questions concerns the ways in which family relationships change during adolescence. Specifically, how can we best characterize normative family relations during adolescence? How and why do relationships change as the child moves into and through adolescence? What is the extent of individual differences in this process of transformation? The second set of questions concern the impact of the family on adolescent development and mental health. In particular, how do variations in parent– child relationships affect the developing adolescent? Are some types of parenting “better” for the adolescent than others? If, so, what is it about these types of parenting that contribute to the healthy development of the young person? Are there factors in the nonfamily environment that impinge on the parent–child relationship in ways that enhance or attenuate parental influence? What should we make of recent arguments that question the assumption that parents have significant influence over their children’s development at all (1)?