Field Independent Cognitive Style Research Articles

ANALISIS PENALARAN ADAPTIF SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL LITERASI MATEMATIKA TERINTEGRASI ISLAM DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF

This research was conducted to determine students' adaptive reasoning in solving Islamic integrated mathematical literacy questions based on cognitive style. This research uses an exploratory qualitative approach with a phenomenological nature. The subjects of this research consisted of 6 students from class VIII Islamic Junior High School Al-Faqih Nganjuk which consists of 3 field dependent type students and 3 field independent type students. Data collection was carried out by administering adaptive reasoning tests and interviews. The data obtained was transcribed and then analyzed based on the adaptive reasoning indicators of Killpatrick et al.'s theory. which consists of making conjectures, giving reasons for a statement, drawing conclusions from a statement, checking the validity of an argument, and finding patterns in mathematical phenomena. Based on data analysis from 6 subjects with different cognitive styles, differences were found in their adaptive reasoning. Students with a field dependent cognitive style do not meet the adaptive reasoning indicators in solving Islamic integrated mathematical literacy questions. They are only able to fulfill 3-4 indicators out of 5 indicators of adaptive reasoning. Meanwhile, students with a field independent cognitive style fulfill the adaptive reasoning indicators in solving Islamic integrated mathematics literacy problems.

Creative Thinking Process of Prospective Elementary Education Teacher Students Based on Field Independent Cognitive Styles and Self-Efficacy in Solving Contextual Problems

Creative Thinking Process of Prospective Elementary Education Teacher Students Based on Field Independent Cognitive Styles and Self-Efficacy in Solving Contextual Problems

MATHEMATICAL LITERACY ABILITY OF STUDENTS FROM A COGNITIVE STYLE PERSPECTIVE ON RATIONAL NUMBERS

This study aims to describe mathematical literacy skills reviewed from cognitive styles of studdents. This study is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study consist of 4 students in grade VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ganeas in the odd semester for the 2023/2024. The instruments used in this study were a mathematical literacy ability test, the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) test to find out the type of student cognitive style, and interview guidelines. The results of this study show that students with a field independent cognitive style have better mathematical literacy abilities than field dependent ones. Field independent students met almost all levels of mathematical literacy indicators, while field dependent students only met 3 levels of mathematical literacy abilities

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF PADA MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LIENAR DUA VARIABEL

This study uses descriptive and qualitative research techniques. Data are collected and described in the form of words in descriptive research. This research was conducted at SMP Awaluddin. The data of this study were collected through certain methods, namely, tests, questionnaires, interviews used to analyze difficulties regarding mathematical creative thinking skills in the material of two-variable linear equations, then processed into clear and easy-to-understand information. The subjects in this study consisted of 6 students of grade VIII with 2 students who had high, medium, and low levels of ability in each with a field dependent cognitive style consisting of 1 student and a field independent cognitive style consisting of 1 student. Data collection techniques used in this study are measurement techniques, direct communication techniques and indirect communication techniques with data collection tools in the form of test questions, questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results obtained by students who have high creative thinking abilities fulfill the three indicators of aspects of thinking ability, namely fluency, flexibility and novelty, (2) Students with moderate creative thinking abilities show that they only fulfill the fluency aspect, (3) Students with low mathematical creative thinking abilities do not fulfill the three aspects of creative thinking abilities, namely fluency, flexibility and novelty.Keyword: analysis, creative thinking skills, cognitive style, SPLDV

The Structure of Students’ Mathematical Errors in Solving Calculus Problems Based on Cognitive Style

The understanding mathematical concept is an error that often occurs in classroom learning among students when solving mathematical problems. The most difficult part for students is solving problems, because it requires numeracy skills, high concept mastery, as well as the ability to use good language, and so on so that students don’t make any more mistakes when working on math problems. Student errors in solving mathematics problems are (1) errors in connecting concepts, (2) errors in operations and (3) errors in constructing concepts. The problem is what is the structure of students’ mathematical misconceptions in solving mathematical problems based on cognitive style. The method in this research, namely an exploratory descriptive approach, aims to determine the structure of students’ errors based on cognitive style in solving mathematical problems. Analysis of research data, namely: (1) Data reduction, (2) Data exposure, (3) data triangulation and (4) drawing conclusions. The cognitive styles referred to are field dependent and independent. The conclusions are (1) the structure of conceptual errors with an applied field dependent cognitive style begins with disequilibrating, then solving by linking applicable concepts, and (2) the structure of conceptual errors with a field independent cognitive style begins with disequilibrating, then solving using analyse.

Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Field Dependent dan Field Independent

This study focuses on using different cognitive styles to solve mathematical issues. Their cognitive styles can be observed when students work on mathematical problems involving mathematical representation skills. Furthermore, the analyst should assess the mathematical representation abilities of pupils at MTsN 1 Banda Aceh using the field-dependent (FD) and Field Independent (FI) cognitive styles. A descriptive, qualitative technique is used. This study employs purposive sampling procedures and focuses on two pupils from class VIII-2, one identified as FD and the other as FI. Instruments utilized include representation skill tests, interview guidelines, and GEFT questions. Analyzing the research data involves data reduction, presentation, triangulation, and conclusion formulation. The research findings point to many conclusions: (1) FI students find it easier to understand issues, can provide better conceptual explanations, solve problems faster, and explain their solutions accurately. (2) FD students have more difficulty solving issues because they rely on teacher directions. Additional concerns include their failure to analyze and comprehend information and retain concepts from challenges effectively. It is envisaged that students will understand their cognitive types to improve their mathematical representation skills in math and other courses.

The Effect of Danmaku Font Size on Online Learning Outcomes for Learners with Different Cognitive Styles: Evidence from Eye Movements

Danmaku is increasingly used during online interactions - such as learner communication in online learning. As an emerging online interaction method, Danmaku not only enhances the viewer interaction experience, but also allows learners to achieve better learning outcomes. Therefore, this study used a 2 (Danmaku font size: large, small) × 2 (cognitive style: field-independent, field-dependent) between-participants design to investigate the effect of Danmaku font size on online learning through eye-tracking studies and to reveal the mechanism of the effect of Danmaku font size on the learning outcomes of field-independent and field-dependent learners. The results show that Danmaku font size affects the learning perception of learners with different cognitive styles in online learning, i.e., under the field-independent cognitive style, small font Danmaku can improve the online learning perceptual experience. Under the field-dependent cognitive style, learners focus more on the Danmaku area, so the Danmaku with large font size can improve the online learning perceptual experience. In summary, this study found that the Danmaku font size impacts the online learning effect of learners with different cognitive styles. Therefore, different Danmaku font sizes should be selected according to different cognitive styles during online teaching. This study can provide research basis and optimization suggestions for how to use Danmaku in online teaching design, which will help deepen the understanding of the role of Danmaku in online teaching.

Students' mathematical literacy ability to solve problems using matrix material is viewed from cognitive styles.

This study aims to describe the ability of students to develop mathematical literacy by reviewing their cognitive styles. The type of research used in this study is research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects were taken from 27 students of SMK class XI TKJ in one of the schools located in Bogor District, Nganjuk Regency. The instruments used in this study were GEFT (Group Embedded Figure Test) to determine the cognitive style ability of students who would be divided into field-dependent and field-independent cognitive style groups, mathematical literacy tests, and interviews. Mathematical literacy test questions are prepared and adapted to everyday life problems. They are fully based on indicators of mathematical literacy skills that are adapted and aligned with the stages of problem-solving. The results showed that field-dependent subjects tended to formulate problems still using narrative sentences; subjects were also less able to determine their problem-solving because they still depended on the procedures that had been given and were only able to provide a brief interpretation of the final results of the solution. While field-independent subjects are able to formulate problems by using modeling, subjects are also able to determine and write down their problem-solving in an organized manner. They are able to show corrections to the final results of problem-solving.

Unplugged Activity and Cognitive Style on The Speaking Abilities of Early Children

The ability to speak well and purposefully must be instilled in children from an early age. This is possible through the learning process at school using interesting learning methods and media according to the child's cognitive style. Because spoken language conveyed through speaking is a tool for expressing thoughts and feelings and a means of communication between humans. This will help improve children's speaking ability. This research aims to determine the differences in speaking abilities between students using the unplugged activity method and those using the beyond center and circle times (BCCT). Determine the differences in speaking ability between students with a field-dependence cognitive style and those with a field-independence cognitive style. The researcher tests the interaction between learning methods and cognitive style regarding speaking ability. This research uses an experimental design. The subjects were PGRI Jambon Kindergarten students (TK B1) and (TK B2) who studied the theme of Animals, totaling 44 children. The cognitive style was measured using a questionnaire based on the Children Embedded Figure Test (CEFT). Data analysis of relationships and interactions between variables used the two-way ANOVA test. The research results show that differences influence speaking ability between students using unplugged activity learning and BCCT. Some differences influence the student’s speaking abilities with a field-independence cognitive style and those with a field-dependence cognitive style. There is an interaction between learning methods and cognitive style regarding speaking ability.

Analisis Gaya Kognitif Siswa Pada Pengajuan Masalah

This research is used to describe the cognitive style of students in problem posing. The purpose of this research is to find out which cognitive style is superior in problem posing. The study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the aim of drawing conclusions from the results of students' cognitive style research when making questions on problem posing. This study consists of 15 articles regarding cognitive styles which will be grouped by type. Selection of the article through Google Scholar. The results are that each cognitive style has subjects that are superior in terms of posing problems compared to the other, such as field independent cognitive style is superior to field dependent cognitive style, reflective cognitive style is superior to impulsive cognitive style, and verbalizer cognitive style is superior of the cognitive visualizer style.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN NUMERIK SISWA DITINJAU BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF

Numerical ability is the ability to solve problems related to numbers. The aim of this research is to describe students' numerical abilities based on cognitive style. Several existing studies analyze numerical abilities based on reflective and impulsive styles. In this research, the analysis was carried out based on field dependent and field independent cognitive styles. This type of research was descriptive qualitative. Indicators of numerical ability consist of the ability to solve problems, the ability to calculate mathematically, and the ability to think logically. In this research, students can explain problem solving carried out logically and systematically based on concepts in number material. This research was conducted on integer material at MTs Miftahul Ulum Ngingit, Malang Regency. The subjects of this research were 7th grade students, where 19 children were asked to take the GEFT test and then 2 people would be selected, 1 student with a field dependent cognitive style and 1 student with a field independent cognitive style. Then the 2 students were given a test and an interview was conducted to determine the students' numerical abilities. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the numerical abilities of field dependent students were relatively low because they had not achieved all the indicators. Meanwhile, field independent students' numerical abilities are moderate because they have achieved 2 indicators but in the final result the answers are still wrong.

Analysis of Field Dependent and Field Independent Cognitive Styles in Solving Science Problems in Elementary Schools

This research aims to determine the results of the Science Problem Solving Test, describing students' Field Dependent and Field Independent cognitive styles in solving science problems. The research method used is Mixed Methods, which uses Sequential Explanatory Design. The research results showed that the field-independent and field-dependent students' science problem-solving tests were good. This is proven by using a one-sample t-test with a Sig (2-tailed) result of 0.005. which is smaller than 0.05. The cognitive style of field-dependent students in solving science problems, according to the Polya Stage theory, have difficulty absorbing information, so they do not understand the problem and are unable to explain using their sentences, think globally. The cognitive style of field-independent students in solving science problems is effortless to absorb information so that they can understand the situation thoroughly, analytically, and systematically so that they can present the correct solution steps by determining arithmetic operations that are relevant to the problem.

BERPIKIR REFLEKTIF SISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF

This research aims to analyze the ability of reflective thinking in mathematical problem solving among 9th-grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Tanjung, focusing on curved surface solids from the perspective of cognitive styles. The sample selection was carried out using a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 6 participants, consisting of 3 students with a field-dependent cognitive style and 3 students with a field-independent cognitive style. Data collection techniques employed in this study include the GEFT test, a test of reflective thinking ability in mathematical problem solving, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, involving data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that among the four indicators of reflective thinking ability in mathematical problem solving, specifically in the elaborating stage, students with a field-dependent cognitive style have not fully grasped the ability to plan and execute solutions. They struggle to comprehend more complex problems presented in narrative form, leading to difficulties understanding the concepts and executing the solution process. Conversely, students with a field-independent cognitive style have successfully fulfilled all four indicators across the three stages of reflective thinking ability. They tackle problems methodically and accurately, following planned steps following pre-established concepts.

Field Independence and Dependence and High School English Reading Teaching

The English Curriculum Standards for General High Schools (2017 Edition) (hereinafter referred to as the "Standards") clearly stipulate that reading is one of the basic skills mastered by high school students, and it accounts for a relatively large proportion in the college entrance examination. At the high school level, students should develop the five basic skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation, focusing on the cultivation of reading ability. Students should be able to read materials about biographies, fables, etc. With the help of dictionaries, students should be able to grasp the main facts and central ideas, and grasp the main logical clues of the material they read. Reading is a complex cognitive process. Reading is an important means of information input and a cognitive activity. Cognitive style is the preferred information processing method in individual cognitive activities, and field independence and field dependence cognitive style are the core of cognitive style. Through the discussion of field dependence and field independence cognitive style, this article analyses the differences between field independence and field dependence students’ learning behavior to explore the influence of students' cognitive style on teachers' reading teaching strategies and reading material choices, so as to improve students' reading ability.

Implementation of project-based learning to enhance the creativity of prospective physics teachers in generating learning media viewed from cognitive styles

Cognitive style is related to information processing and individual preferences for engaging in the learning process. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the role of cognitive styles - field dependent (FD) and field independent (FI) - as a foundation for implementing a specific learning model in the classroom. This study aims to examining the significant role of cognitive styles, specifically FD and FI, in the context of implementing Project-based Learning (PjBL) for Prospective Physics Teachers (PPT) in generating learning media. The research employed a quantitative approach utilizing an experimental design known as the one-group pretest-posttest design. The study focused on a sample of 40 PPTs from a university located in Mataram City, Indonesia. The two main instruments used in data collection for this research were the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) and the student creativity observation sheet, where the results of both were analyzed descriptively and statistically. The results of the study indicated that the creativity of PPT improves for all cognitive styles after the intervention of the PjBL model. However, the extent of creativity improvement differs for each cognitive style, FD and FI. The PPTs who possess a cognitive style characterized as FD tend to exhibit a more pronounced enhancement in creativity when compared to those who possess an FI cognitive style. The most fundamental finding of the study is that the PjBL model is more suitable for implementation among PPTs with an FD cognitive style in the context of enhancing creativity in generating learning media.

The effectiveness of collaborative learning on civic education problem-solving abilities based on cognitive styles

Problem-solving ability is one of the competencies that individuals must have as a provision to face increasingly complex problems. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Collaborative Learning (CL) model on the problem-solving ability of civic education based on the cognitive style of students. This study applies the quantitative research paradigm with a quasi-experimental design. The research subjects were 162 students selected by cluster random sampling technique from two private universities in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data collection techniques use Cognitive Style Inventory (CoSI) and Problem Solving Inventory (PSI). The data were analyzed using an independent sample t test technique with SPSS software. The results showed that the application of the CL model had a significant effect on the problem-solving ability of civic education in students. The field independent (FI) cognitive style shows higher problem-solving ability than the field dependent (FD) in both the application of the CL model and the Cooperative Learning (CpL) model. In the learning process, it is recommended that educators apply the CL model as an alternative in improving the problem-solving ability of civic education by paying attention to the cognitive style of students.

Layers of Student Understanding Based on Pirie Kieren's theory in Solving Story Problems in Terms of Cognitive Style

Objective: Understanding lines and angles serves as the foundation for further mathematical topics such as trigonometry, geometry, calculus, etc. Students may struggle with advanced mathematical reasoning and problem-solving without a firm grasp of these basic concepts. This study aims to investigate how students' mathematical understanding processes are based on the folding back theory. Method: The research utilizes a qualitative approach with descriptive eksploratif design. Two subjects were selected from 28 seventh-grade students, each representing the field-dependent and field-independent cognitive style. Data was collected through mathematical comprehension tests, GEFT tests, and interviews. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and verification stages, with each subject being interviewed to verify the processes. Results: Based on the research results, students in the field-independent cognitive style were much more active and better understood the problem-solving process than those in the field-dependent. However, both subjects still required learning assistance. Novelty: This research explores the folding back theory in the mathematical understanding process based on cognitive styles, whereas previous studies have mainly focused on mathematical comprehension abilities. Therefore, further research would benefit from using instructional media to better engage students in understanding the material.

Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Smp Kelas Viii Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif

This research was conducted with the aim of describing the creative thinking abilities of Grade VIII junior high school students with the characteristics of fieldindependent cognitive style students in solving math problems on SPLDV material. Theapproach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The subject of this study was classVIII F students of SMP Negeri 36 Semarang for the academic year 2022/2023, with a totalof 1 person, namely students with the FI cognitive style. Subjects were determined bycarrying out the GEFT test to determine students' cognitive styles. The data collectionmethod used in this study used written data from the SPLDV test and interviews. TheSPLDV test is adjusted to indicators of creative thinking, namely fluency, flexibility andnovelty. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. Data validity checking techniques using source triangulation. The results of this study indicate that students with the FI cognitive style fulfill all indicators of creativethinking, namely fluency, flexibility and novelty.

Mathematics Critical Thinking Ability of Elementary School Students Based On Cognitive Style and Self-Efficacy

Learning mathematics does not only teach mathematical concepts, but requires students to encourage critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills are also 21st century skills that enable students to think reflectively and reason in making decisions. Several factors influence critical thinking, including cognitive style and self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to analyze: (1) students' critical thinking skills with field dependent and field independent cognitive styles who have high self-efficacy. (2) students' critical thinking skills with field dependent and field independent cognitive styles have low self-efficacy. This research is a qualitative research using the phenomenological method in elementary schools throughout the Gayungan District. Subjects were selected from 14 elementary schools in Gayungan District. Through purposive sampling, students with a certain cognitive style and self-efficacy were selected. The method used in the form of questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The researcher as the main instrument, assisted by cognitive style and self-efficacy questionnaire instruments, critical thinking ability test questions, and interview guidelines. Data analysis used qualitative analysis and the validity of the data used the triangulation method.

Mathematical Communication of Vocational Students with Field Dependent and Independent Cognitive Styles in Solving Linear Programming Problems

Mathematical Communication of Vocational Students with Field Dependent and Independent Cognitive Styles in Solving Linear Programming Problems