Feng Shui Theory Research Articles

광산 김씨 김노헌 가문의 내방가사 작품 고찰

The fact that women in the Kim no-heon family have been creating Naebanggasa for generations is significant in that it led to the creation of modern Naebanggasa. Kim no-heon, whose pen name was Songseok, left behind a collection of works called 『Songseokyugo』. With his wife, Jeonju Yoo, he gave birth to four sons and two daughters. His wife, Jeonju Yoo, wrote Susimtan, his second daughter, Kim gi-rye, wrote Hoehongyeongchukga, and his granddaughter, Kim Seong-jong, wrote Susindonggyeongga.
 Susimtan is a work with a total of 114 lines and 231 phrases written by Jeonju Yoo in late spring of 1921 when she was 70 years old, lamenting the worries that settled in her heart. The root of her anxiety was, among other things, due to the fact that she had suffered from a disease in one of her legs, making my daily life become inconvenient. The work consists of 7 paragraphs. What is noteworthy in terms of the author's consciousness is that the location of her parents' house is conveyed from the perspective of aspect of geomantic theory of feng shui theory, and conveyed that his parents' family members are leading a comfortable life in a famous place. In terms of expression, it can be seen that various rhetorical techniques are used, including exclamatory endings.
 Hoehongyeongchukga is a song with a total of 106 lines and 201 phrases containing the contents of congratulating the party, when Kim no-heon and his wife held the wedding feast on March 17, 1927, their 60th wedding anniversary. The work consists of five paragraphs. Looking through her works, the author is identified as a woman with very high self-esteem, bright and energetic, and with a sense of honoring her family. In terms of her expression, she uses various rhetorical techniques alone or in combination to enhance her literary beauty. In addition, looking at the narrative of her work, it can be seen that she was influenced by Susimtan in the way she developed the poetic sentiment.
 Susindonggyeongga is a work of 98 lines and 191 phrases written by the author in 1912 celebrating the birthday party of her grandparents who celebrated their 60th birthday at the same age. The entire work consists of eight paragraphs. The author has a good sense of humor, and is a woman having a sense of honoring her family. In particular, through her works, the author's taoist consciousness is brought into focus. In terms of expression, it can be seen that she is enhancing her literary beauty through the use of various rhetorical techniques and word play. In addition, it is noticeable that she appropriately uses various poetic words cheering the atmosphere up throughout her work to convey the excitement of the party.

Urban feng shui based on citizenship rights and its impact on the spatial structure and mental health of citizens: Review

This research introduces “Urban Feng Shui” based on citizenship rights and its impact on citizens’ mental health. Feng Shui is an ancient knowledge of Chinese whose goal is to create harmony between humans, the environment, and the building (the city and its body). Many advanced countries are trying to find a deep understanding of the relationship between man and his environment, and in recent years, many architects and urban planners have been trying to correct this several thousand-year-old theory that many East Asian countries have based. The working method in this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. First, the existing theories about feng shui were examined quantitatively, then the above information was analyzed with a qualitative method in the presented samples, and urban feng shui was introduced, and while recognizing the theoretical approaches of feng shui, it was concluded that according to The principles and methods of this theory complicated, the teachings of Urban Feng Shui theory based on citizenship rights can be effective on the mental health of citizens and cause the production of a new approach.

Pilgrimaging mountains and rivers: the spatial layout of ancient Chinese settlements and their environments

Ancient Chinese civilization was deeply rooted in a profound understanding of the environment. This understanding formed the primitive worship and unique culture of mountains and rivers, which found expression in both official and folk contexts. This essay delves into the significant influence of mountains and rivers on the site selection, positioning, and composition of ancient Chinese settlements. Through an in-depth analysis of cases, this study demonstrates that iconic mountain and river elements served as the foundation for determining the spatial locations of ancient Chinese settlements and the core references for designed landscapes. The settlement and surrounding mountains and rivers form a well-conceived integrated spatial composition, which threads the whole planning and construction process. As the determining factors for the spatial axes and forms of settlements, mountains and rivers also became the central objects of the feng shui theory. Therefore, the human geography of ancient China is not only a reflection of functions but also the result of the builders’ diligent pursuit of spatial and cultural layouts. The study of the cultural genes allows for a deeper understanding of the cultural landscape of ancient China, leading to a commitment to protecting traditional settlements and their intact environmental systems.

풍수 경관으로 본 한강변 누정의 입지 연구

This study is to analyze the Feng Shui environment focusing on positions of pavilions, which were regarded as a dreaming space for the aristocracy called Sadaebu(士大夫) at that time in Han River by conducting location analysis for them and it is to suggest common characteristics of Feng Shui landscape. During the early Joseon Dynasty, in order to appreciate the landscape around Han River, the royal family and Sadaebu constructed pavilions, and they utilized pavilions as a measure to achieve an ideal space which is the unity of Heaven and Person called Cheonin Hapil from Neo-Confusion. They constructed them not just on a spot with aesthetically beautiful landscape but on a carefully selected location where Taoist Doctrine and Feng Shui theory were harmonious. They designed the pavilions to be filled with refreshing coolness of wind and flowing water beneath the pavilions. It is the pavilion that they showed themselves off and only masculinity existed with vigor. As they wanted to show off their power by building pavilions along Han River, people today wish to live in an apartment with a nice view overlooking Han River. It is verified because the locations where pavilions once stood have been changed into apartment complexes.

풍수 생태도시 지표의 개발과 적용

Although many researches have been conducted on Ecocity, one of the sustainable city models, fostering a Korean tailored Ecocity has proven to be difficult, therefore study into how to use Fengshui theory has begun. In this article, a pool of Fengshui-Ecocity indicators spanning six areas of 'skyline', 'open space,' 'ecological network,' 'water,' 'road,' and 'cultural contents' has been generated by integrating indicators utilised by municipalities such as Changwon and then extracting relevant indicators to Fengshui. The application of these indicators to Ilsan new city, one of the first phase new cities, has demonstrated the utility of this pool of indicators. The traditional Fengshui philosophy played an important part in selecting and developing capital cities of Koryo and Chosun dynasties. For its application to contemporary urban planning, a modernisation work of the Fengshui theory should begin by assuring flexibility of the traditional Fengshui theory's logics while avoiding ambiguity.

Spatial distribution and site selection adaptation mechanism of traditional villages along the Yellow River in Shanxi and Shaanxi

AbstractSite selection adaptability of traditional villages along rivers can be summarized as the local ecological wisdom accumulated and preserved by generations of villagers. The site selection and distribution pattern of traditional villages is closely related to the river. In this research, 97 traditional villages along the Yellow River in Shanxi and Shaanxi were selected as the research objects. Kernel density analysis, Area density analysis, River buffer zone and a self‐designed river location function (RLF) were used to explore, calculate, and evaluate the spatial distribution and site selection adaptation mechanism of traditional villages along the Yellow River. Most traditional villages are located within 15 km buffer area. Villages are densely distributed in one high‐density aggregation area and one middle‐density aggregation area. The aggregation areas also represent a highest area density of river. The results of RLF show that there are six villages with a value between 1.8 and 2.2, which is consistent with the results of kernel density and river buffer zone analyses. It is concluded that site selection adaptation factors are composed of area density of river, distance from river, river width and bank form. At the same time, it is found that traditional villages are clustered on convex banks, which reflects the scientific value of ancient Chinese feng shuitheory. Our findings improve the understanding of the overall environment and pattern of traditional villages, provide a quantitative basis for the study of site selection adaptability, and offer operational technical guidance for current and future efforts for village renewal, planning, and construction.

Is Fengshui a science or superstition? A new approach combining the physiological and psychological measurement of indoor environments

Fengshui principles frequently play a vital role in the design of architecture and interior spaces, especially in China and other Asian countries. However, there is still much controversy over whether the Fengshui theory is a science or superstition. Only a few studies discuss whether the application of Fengshui guidelines has a direct impact on human comfort. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different psychological and psychological responses within the different Fengshui indoor environments. The Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used to construct indoor Fengshui evaluation criteria, and it was combined with Virtual Reality (VR), where two kinds of indoor Fengshui scenarios were created. The Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used to assess the physiological and psychological changes in subjects in different indoor Fengshui environments. The results showed that a room with Fengshui consideration had a more positive HRV and POMS. It was inferred that indoor spaces with Fengshui consideration produced more positive emotions and that they were perceived to be a more comfortable environment, thus proving that the principles of Fengshui are, to a certain extent, scientific.

풍수 형기론(形氣論)으로 본 대순진리회 금강산토성수련도장

This study aims to reveal the overall Fengshui figuration and geomantic features of Daesoon Jinrihoe’s Geumgangsan (Mt. Geumgang) Toseong Training Temple Complex from the Hyeonggi (Energy of Form) Theory in Fengshui. This study first looked at the mountain landscape viewable from the surface, examined the influence of Qi (Energy) flowing inside it, comprehended the flow of its vitality in terms of its strengths and weaknesses, and gauged the depth of the energy produced from mountain streams to determine fortune and misfortune. There is a special significance to this site due to Sangje’s teaching that “ … it will be prosperous with 12,000 Dotonggunja (Dao-empowered Sages),” and it is also known as a efficacious grounds for cultivation among ascetics due to it housing the royal mausoleum of Dojeon (interpreted by some as Maitreya). Concerning this, this study explores the geomantic symbolism and growth-supporting land of Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex as it corresponds to Fengshui theory, and in keeping with this, the topography and conditions are likewise examined. The mountain range and its energy pathways (veins) harmonize with the pure water energy coming from the East Sea. The mountain terrain of Mount Geumgang, and the geomantic location, topography, and energy pathways that influence Daesoon Jinrihoe Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex are all explored. The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range extends through Mount Geumgang to Sinseonbong Peak, and one range extends to Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex whereas the other range extends through Sangbong Peak down to Misiryeong Valley and Mount Seorak. Thus, this study demonstrates that Daesoon Jinrihoe has always strongly considered the relationship between its temple complexes and their surrounding environment. The order has always selected locations that exhibit optimal conditions which suit the construction of sacred spaces. The determinations in this paper were made through an academic approach that drew upon various theories of Fengshui while examining Daesoon Jinrihoe’s Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex. The in-depth analysis was specifically based on Hyeonggi Fengshui. At the same time, this study also looked into the surroundings of Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex. In particular, the mountains and flow of nearby bodies of water were comprehensively examined to show how the surrounding topography corresponds to the principles of Fengshui. An integral approach combining all major theories of Fengshui revealed that Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex starts from Sinseonbong Peak, and its energy flows through the main mountain range, going through numerous geographical changes of yin and yang. When the range flows down, the water flows accordingly, and where the water whirls, the mountains are shaped accordingly. Eventually, this energy reaches Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex. From the organic relationship between mountains and bodies of water, which can be said to be the essence of the order of nature, it can be judged that the most prominent geomantic feature of Geumgangsan Toseong Training Temple Complex corresponds to traditional theories of Fengshui in that it forms a configuration wherein optimal water energy supports the Virtuous Concordance of Yin Yang and harmonizes the Blue Dragon with the White Tiger.

Applicability of Feng Shui Concepts for Korean Eum-Taek Sites Verified Using Three-Dimensional Digital Mapping and Simulations

The purpose of this research is to examine whether eum-taek, a feng shui theory for the dead, can be applied to Korean modern architecture. In the first step, common environmental factors that are valued in both feng shui and ecological architecture were derived, and then this research reviewed how properly the traditional site assessment method evaluated them; for example, metaphorized basic concepts of the evaluation theory based on territorial settings can be applied to evaluate common environmental factors. For the second step, this paper reviewed whether the evaluation method for feng shui presented in the previous step was applied equally between yang-taek and eum-taek theories, investigated the differences between them in general, and derived environmental factors to be utilized for evaluation in the field of architecture. As a result, it was found that the major concepts presented in the previous step have been commonly used evaluation criteria, regardless of the categories from traditional theories. The third step was to simulate whether sites selected by each theory actually have similar environmental conditions. The simulation analysis found that all analysis sites were able to obtain a higher sun exposure time than the Korean average; therefore, it was considered that their locations could have environmental advantage, in terms of solar radiation and thermal environment. The simulation results confirm that the target sites have a living environment that would be easy for humans to live in. Finally, the simulation results confirm that the eum-taek site has a living environment that is comfortable for humans to live in. If studies of the site assessment method are carried out considering yang-taek and eum-taek with different evaluation categories, the modern applicability of feng shui may increase.

도교 생태사상이 반영된 도교 건축의 현대적 의의*

In this paper, we examined the development of Chinese Taoist architecture, its cultural implications, and comprehensively summarized the core principles of the Taoist ecological ideas that are reflected in Taoist architecture. This is a groundwork for exploring an ideological model for sustainable ecological architecture in modern cities. Taoist architecture has a long history that has led to changes, developments, and a gradual maturation. Zhi (治), Lu (廬), and Jing (靖), were the first architectural forms of the early Taoist body. These formed the basis for the future development of Taoist Courts (宮觀). The state-sponsored government-run Taoist Courts established from the time of the North and South Dynasties to the time of Tang Dynasty led to a constant standardization of the rites, and these Courts gradually became more and more formalized. Since the establishment of Quanzhenjiao (全眞敎) in the early 12th century, a movement that emphasized putiy training, architecture for the ascetic practice emerged in remote natural spaces suitable for strict ascetic practices. Meanwhile, in Taoist architecture, the type and structure of buildings were strengthened in order to worship various gods. The various Taoist Courts established through this historical process embody the elements, institutions, and ecological ideas of Taoist culture. Taoist architecture basically pursued the idealism of Paradise in a Deep Cave (洞天福地) and adopted a feng-shui theory of using natural terrain artfully in selecting a place and building a layout. This was reflected through their ecology. Meanwhile, Taoist architecture does not destroy the balance of nature by emphasizing the utilization of local natural resources whenever possible while selecting building materials according to the principles of yinyang and the five movements (陰陽五行). In addition, Taoism aims to select simple places for practising asceticism and ancestral rituals whenever possible because of the need to maintain a simple mind, suppress desire, and return to a state of purity. This attitude is an indication of a kind of simple ecological ideas and value of frugality easily found in Taoism. The ecological ideas of Taoism provide abundant resources for considering solutions to the ecological crisis that arises in the creation of residential environments. Through the ecological ideas of Taoism, we can find a direction to understand the relationship between human beings and nature while creating new, sustainable residential environments.

Parametrising historical Chinese courtyard-dwellings: An algorithmic design framework for the digital representation of Siheyuan iterations based on traditional design principles

Many Beijing Siheyuan, a type of Chinese vernacular housing with significant cultural value, have been lost in recent years. Preserving the few remaining has become a necessity, but many contemporary architects lack an understanding of their design principles. Based on a historical analysis deriving from Fengshui theory, the Gongcheng Zuofa Zeli ancient construction manual, and craftsmen's experience, this paper describes a parametric algorithm capable of producing Siheyuan variants within a 4D CAD environment which by transforming the original design principles into an algorithm contributes to an understanding of Siheyuan typology and their preservation. This algorithm was implemented in a virtual scripting environment to generate accurate virtual counterparts of historical or extant Siheyuan houses revealing the tacit computational rules underlying traditional Chinese architecture.

원대(元代) 풍수문화 초탐

The Mongol dynasty of China embraced and actively protected the traditional culture of the Han people. A typical cases are the administrative system, ancestor worship, ritual culture and yin yang study. From the early days of the Mongol Dynasty, emperors always employed a talent in Yinyang study. After the founding of the Yuan Dynasty, yin yang study became an official school. Based on the trust of the Yuan emperors and the ruling classes, feng shui culture became popular throughout society. But by blind faith in the yinyang study and feng shui, there have been bad results throughout society. In the Yuan Dynasty, laws were enacted to address the abuses caused by the blind faith in the yin yang study and feng shui. The Yin Yang School System of the Yuan Dynasty was overseen by a high-ranking government agency. The main subject of the yin yang study test was feng shui, and feng shui theory was very diverse. In accordance with the trend of feng shui culture, the Yuan Dynasty used feng shui theory to decide the capital city. The capital was determined to be Dadu, present-day Beijing, and the capital was judged to be a great place based on the theory of feng shui. Liu Bing zhong, a servant of the first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, contributed to the formation of the Yuan Dynasty and the establishment of the Dadu. Liu Bing zhong was a Han people, a confucian scholar, a yinyang scholar and a feng shui scholar. In the feng shui Book of Liu Bing zhong, Yu chi jing, is a feng shui literature that emphasizes both the main theories of feng shui. In Yu Chi Jing, the author placed great importance on the influence of nature's patterns on people. Yu Chi Jing's contents and system were based on the writings of the important feng shui literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The feng shui culture of the Mongol and Yuan Dynasty is a phenomenon that emerged in the process of understanding and utilizing the feng shui culture of the Han people. The feng shui culture of the Yuan Dynasty has set the stage for the establishment of official feng shui culture in the Goryeo, the Ming, the Qing and the Joseon Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty's feng shui culture is the reproduction and development of typical convergence of Hu and han culture. In the era of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Hu and Han people“s cultures were fused around Xian. On the other hand, the Hu and Han people“s cultures of the Yuan Dynasty were fused around Dadu. The current Beijing is reflecting the history of Feng Shui which developed traditional culture into creative urban planning and spread it to world heritage sites.

회암사 입지의 풍수론적 고찰

Looking at feng shui characteristics reflected in hoe-am-sa, Yong is the back of Yong where hyeon-mu-bong and Juryong were cast among Yong·Hyeol·Sa·Su in the Feng Shui theory. Hyeol is not a flat ground, but a hyeol-pan with a cascade of steep valleys. There is sa-lyong going down. In this situation, the luck of the land where the water was dispersed and flowing around the hyeol-pan yang-pa-do-gug was scattered, and the fate of fate was at stake. The sa-sin-sa og-dae-sa an-san alone was unable to complete the jang-pung-gug bo-gug. The waterway has a small waterway that penetrates the hyeol-cheo, but the hyeol-pan is scattered around the san-su-dong-geo where the large waterway goes straight on the left and right of the hyeol-pan washed down to freshness. In particular, the water coming from the ju-san direction causes ziggo and wind jikpun from the front, and the wind speed is very high, and the luck of the earth is dispersed and the life cannot be collected. Was done on the land that was scarce. It was analyzed that the inspection came to us because it did not have all the topographical conditions of Feng Shui's basic Yong and Hyeol and Sa and Su.

풍수지리로 본 대순진리회 여주본부도장

풍수지리로 본 대순진리회 여주본부도장

Comparative Analysis on the Geographic Feng Shui Theory Types

Comparative Analysis on the Geographic Feng Shui Theory Types

精霊崇拝(アニミズム)及び風水論的世界観と自然保護( 第37回日本超心理学会大会)

精霊崇拝(アニミズム)及び風水論的世界観と自然保護( 第37回日本超心理学会大会)

Scientificity and Rationality of Chinese Traditional Classical Fengshui Theory

Chinese traditional Fengshui theory was the fundamental basis, norm, and guiding ideology for site selection, planning, design, and building of residences in the ancient times. Based on the main classical theories of Chinese ancient Fengshui theory and the classical Fengshui model which is suitable for the planning and design of space field, this paper discusses and analyzes the Chinese traditional Fengshui theory from the multidisciplinary perspectives of hydrology, climatology, geology, topography, landscape ecology, environmental psychology, with an aim to demonstrate its scientificity and rationality, thereby, promote correct understanding and reasonable application of it. The conclusion is that Fengshui is based on multi-disciplinary knowledge, especially contains a large number of geological geography knowledge, and reflects the distinct principles of environmental ecology and sustainability. It is a comprehensive and systemic theory of planning and designing environment and architecture from the perspective of the modern scientific theory. The paper also aims to corroborate that Chinese traditional classical Fengshui theory is not only a culture or latent science, but also a comprehensive and interdisciplinary geography and environmental science with rich humanistic connotation. Therefore, it can and should be used extensively in the land-use policy, urban planning, landscape restoration, environmental protection, etc, and should be spread from China to Asian countries with similar cultural heritage, and even to the rest of the world.

A Study on Environmental Colors According to Feng-Shui Theory in Jeju Island luxurious tourist hotels

A Study on Environmental Colors According to Feng-Shui Theory in Jeju Island luxurious tourist hotels

풍수이론으로 바라 본 주거환경의 길흉형국 - 은평뉴타운을 중심으로 -

본 연구는 풍수이론으로 은평뉴타운을 분석하였다. 우선 주거지를 분석하기 위한 틀(천지인합일, 인지제의, 대환경상지분석, 소환경상지분석, 동선상지분석, 주거지조향분석)을 구성하였다. 그 틀로 은평뉴타운을 분석하였으며 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 광역적으로 분석한 대환경상지분석에서 은평구는 서북향에 산세가 열려 있으므로 겨울 서북풍에 노출되어 불리한 풍수형국으로 나타났다. 소환경상지분석은 사신수형국 기준으로 1지구와 2지구를 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석한 결과 1지구는 배수임산으로 흉지(凶地), 2지구는 비보풍수인 실개천의 복원으로 배산임수의 길지(吉地)로 나타났다. 마지막으로 분석한 결과에 따라 비보풍수 방식을 적용하여 대상지를 길지로 보완하기 위한 대안을 제시하였다. In this paper, Fengshui Theory Analysis Eunpyeong-New Town. The analysis frame is man and nature integrated, suit one measures to local conditions, analysis of macro environment site selection, analysis of micro environment site selection, analysis of traffic lines, orientations of residential analysis. The result is as follows: The analysis of the macro environment site selection of Eunpyeong-New Town at Northwest Mountain shape is open, so in the winter exposure of the northwest there is wind. Therefore, according to Fengshui there is a bad pattern formation. Analysis of the macro environment site selection has four animal frames seperated into two districts. The result is district one has "bad" ground. District two uses Bibo to restore small brooks so the formation has "good" ground. Finally, we use Fengshui of Bibo to propose solutions.

용맥과 수구로 본 조선후기 도시 입지환경의 변화에 관한 연구 - 수원 화성을 중심으로 -

This study, based on the Fengshui theory, explains the location and natural environment of Suwon Hwaseong in Joseon dynasty as reflected in mountain range and watershed. Feng-shui theory had been acted longtime as the location selection guide for traditional settlements and dwelling in East Asia. In the location of pre-modern city, Mountain range Yongmaek should be connected long. The way out of Water stream Sugu should be closed topography. But, Mountain range is not connected in Hwaseong, and the way out of Water stream is opened to outside. This is an important location and natural environment characteristic as 18th century's new city of Hwaseong.