Female Traveller Research Articles

Pothum Janakummah Ragaviah’s “Fairy-land”: A “Hindoo Lady of Madras” in Victorian London

ABSTRACT In Pothum Janakummah Ragaviah's Pictures of England (1876) (the first known English account of a female Indian traveller's experiences of England and Europe), London represented a stage of realist mobilities of her person and her social and aesthetic identities – a privilege otherwise inaccessible to a swarming majority of nineteenth-century South Asians. The Pictures elucidates a political paradigm when elite (including Brahminical) Indian sensibilities were divided between two potentially incompatible drives. One was to enunciate their will to reform hierarchical inequities of Hindu and Indian society from within, without colonial support. The other was to ally with selective models of Anglican sensibilities, which could invariably prolong such inequities through means other than religion and caste. Nevertheless, the Pictures can still be considered an important specimen to highlight the coproduction of Victoriana by non-British factors, in a kind of unremunerated affective labour of placemaking by Indians of the nineteenth-century imperial capital.

Severe complicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum in a female traveler returning from Zanzibar

A 25-year-old female outpatient presenting with fever and micro-hematuria was treated for urinary tract infection. Her condition worsened over 3 days at home. After experiencing multiple falls caused by leg weakness and mental confusion, she was admitted to a hospital with high fever. Initial laboratory findings showed hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia, and acute kidney injury, suggesting hemolytic uremic syndrome. However, a detailed fever evaluation revealed her recent return from Afrika. This prompted amalaria test, which confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection with 80 % parasitemia. Despite the quick reduction of parasitemia following treatment with intravenous administered artesunate and oral Artemether-Lumefantrine, her condition worsened, leading to a septic shock. This required renal replacement and kinetic ventilation therapy, as well as blood transfusions due to persistent hemolysis until the laboratory values normalized after 48 days post-admission. The evaluation of fever is often challenging, but most often a detailed patient history is key to early diagnosis and treatment preventing deathly outcomes in severe cases.

From One Woman to Another: Transforming Gender through Wilderness in Female Travel Narratives

The Wilderness Act of 1964 defined wilderness through what is absent from its landscape: man. A space devoid of humans and thus, devoid of community, the wilderness initially emerges as a space without the social expectations accompanying community. A particular social expectation, however, remains: gender. The wilderness appears as a space that is not merely characterized as devoid of humans but more specifically, as one devoid of women. Considering these expectations of wilderness, this article poses the question: how does gender operate in this space? How does gender differ from its operations within society? When a woman travels into the wilderness, how does this influence her relationship to gender? Or quite simply: what does it mean to be the only woman in the wild? Conducting comparative readings of the travel memoirs Wild by Cheryl Strayed (2013) and Tracks by Robyn Davidson (2012), this article explores how the wilderness as a traditionally male space can become a space of resistance against societal gender roles for the female solo traveller through physical challenge and emotional healing. The investigation addresses how the authors succeeded in this resistance by engaging with the wilderness, along with the challenges presented to the female travellers by the barren landscapes. Finally, the article considers how Davidson and Strayed ultimately struggle to reconcile the new self formed in the wilderness with the old self of society once they complete their solo journeys.

Type of Tourism Attraction and Revisit Intention of Female Traveller

This research was conducted with the aim of gathering information on the motivations of female tourists to make repeat visits to Yogyakarta. Women were chosen as respondents because women are considered to have maturity and make better decisions in their families, as well in tourism activities. The research was conducted using a non-probability sampling model on 100 respondents who had finished their trip. The survey was carried out at tourist entry points such as at tourist attraction locations, railway stations and airports. There are three variables tested, namely Perceived Satisfaction of Cultural Attraction (CUL), Perceived Satisfaction of Natural Attraction (NAT), and Perceived Satisfaction of Shopping and Culinary Attraction (ShoC). Using the classic assumption test and multiple linear regression, the results show that female travellers have the intention of making a return visit (RI) because of the satisfaction factor on cultural tourist attraction (CUL) and the satisfaction factor on shopping and culinary attraction (ShoC). The attractiveness of Natural Attraction (NAT) does not significantly influence female travellers having intention to revisit.

MALAYSIA AS A BACKPACKING DESTINATION FOR MILLENNIAL SOLO FEMALE TRAVELLERS: EXAMINING DESTINATION IMAGE, MOTIVATION, AND INTENTIONS

This study explores Malaysia's appeal as a backpacking destination for millennial solo female travellers. The study aims to fill a gap in the knowledge focussing on understanding the way millennial solo female travellers see their destination, what motivates them, and how their views can help to shape their travel choices interconnected with their travel plans. The factors affecting this demographic’s choice of destinations and travel intentions are thoroughly examined in this study using a quantitative approach. The 164 respondents were assessed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and the findings demonstrated that psychological motive, cultural motive, personal motive, and destination image positively influence tourist travel intention among millennial solo female travellers. The study's findings offer important information for modifying marketing plans and offerings to suit the requirements and preferences of this growing and powerful tourism market, helping to position Malaysia as a welcoming and inclusive female traveller -backpacking destination.

A Study on the Sociocultural Life of the Balkan Peoples as Depicted in Mary Adelaide Walker’s Travel Book "Through Macedonia to the Albanian Lakes"

Throughout history, the Balkans forming part of the Ottoman Empire have been the focus of attention of many Western travelers as a region inhabited by nations of different ethnic and sectarian backgrounds. In this study, based on Mary Adelaide Walker’s 19th-century book titled "Through Macedonia to the Albanian Lakes", the way of life and sociocultural structure of the societies living in the Balkans, as seen through the eyes of a female traveler, will be discussed. In the conclusion, apart from a general summary, the article will shed light on the changing sociocultural life in the Balkans during the time when the traveler was in Macedonia.

Presentations of self-harm and suicide-related ideation among the Irish Traveller indigenous population to hospital emergency departments: evidence from the National Clinical Programme for self-harm.

Previous research has examined the suicide risk of the Irish Traveller population, but less is known about self-harm and suicidal ideation among this ethnic minority group, which are established risk factors for suicide. The aim of the current study was to compare the presentation-based self-harm and suicide-related ideation of Traveller to non-Traveller patients and describe any ethnic disparities in the aftercare of their presentation. Data were obtained from the service improvement database of an Irish dedicated national programme for the assessment of those presenting to emergency departments (EDs) due to self-harm and suicide-related ideation. Presentation data from 24 EDs were analysed and Poisson regression was used to assess the age-sex-adjusted relative risk of hospital-presenting self-harm and suicide-related ideation. 24,473 presentations were recorded with 3% of the presentations made by Irish Travellers. Female Traveller patients had 3·04 (95% CI 2·51-3·68) higher risk for suicide-related ideation and 3·85 (95% CI 3·37-4·41) for self-harm, compared to white Irish female patients. Male Traveller patients had 4·46 (95% CI 3·86-5·16) higher risk for suicide-related ideation and 5·43 (95% CI 4·75-6·21) higher rates for self-harm. The highest rate ratios for self-harm were observed among older Traveller patients [male: 9·23 (95% CI 5·93-14·39); female: 6·79 (95% CI 4·37-10·57)]. A higher proportion of Traveller patients requested no next of kin involvement, compared to other ethnicities. Given that Irish Travellers are at higher risk of self-harm and suicide-related ideation presentations compared to other ethnic groups, EDs should be viewed as an important suicide intervention point.

Sanmao's Literary Creation Style

Sanmao was formerly known as Chen Ping, a contemporary Taiwanese female writer and traveler. Sanmao is one of the few contemporary prose writers. Although many scholars believe that her works have some novel elements, a kind of work is accepted by readers with what kind of style, it has a substantial impact on what kind of style, so Sanmao is placed into the ranks of prose writers. For Sanmao, writing constitutes her unique life form. Sanmao's literary creation style has a very high literary research value, which is closely related to her innate personality, as well as her understanding of life itself and her unique literary interpretation skills. To be precise, Sanmao does not have the serious creative mission of a pure literary writer, nor will it deliberately pursue the social effectiveness of her works. For her, innovation is neither the great cause of the country, nor the masterpiece of the past dynasties. This article explores Sanmao's literary creation style through the three writing characteristics of writing freely, “depending on benevolence, swim in art” and integration of “Inovel” creation skills.

Travelling Across the Colonial Frontier: Female Mobility and the Making of English National Identity in H. Rider Haggard’s Benita: An African Romance

Abstract Given his most famous account, “I can safely say that there is not a petticoat in the whole history” of his most well-known romance, King Solomon’s Mines (1885), H. Rider Haggard’s works have been mostly celebrated as significant examples of the representation of imperial masculinities in the late Victorian romance fiction. In this typical imperialist narrative, Africa provides a setting for British boys to become men (Brantlinger, 1988). This paper, however, suggests that this notion of male mobility is replaced by the portrayal of a female traveller in Haggard’s Benita: An African Romance (1906). Benita’s sea journey from Southampton to Durban also brings gender roles into question in Haggard’s long lost travel text. This article, thus, will explore Haggard’s work in the broad Victorian context of political, philosophical and racial beliefs, and investigate the role of female travellers in the construction of national identity.

Travels with Frances Densmore: Her Life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies

Travels with Frances Densmore: Her Life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies

Platformized Seriality: Chinese Time Travel Fantasy from Prime-time Television to Online Streaming

While seriality has long been associated with broadcast and cable television, the global rise of online streaming has brought development of what I call platformized seriality: assemblages of online platform infrastructure design, content regulation, generic convention, and experimentation. The notion of platformized seriality points to a complex refiguration of specific media content and genre forms that are usually overlooked in platform studies. This essay analyzes time-travel serials—now immensely popular in the context of China’s growing video-streaming industry, convergence culture, and the financial boom of digital platforms. Analyzing the trope of the female time traveler in historical romance, this essay examines how chuanyue, or the Chinese time-travel genre, subtly unsettles contemporary gender-related anxiety and the dominant discourse on development and progress, something that partly explains the pleasure it generates. The genre of chuanyue benefited from the rise of platform infrastructure designs such as bullet screens and pay-on-demand-in-advance services that direct new forms of audience engagement and new practices of binge-watching. Focusing on the fantasy genre and the mutability of the time traveler’s gender, sexuality, and class, I explore how the trope of traveling backward marks a reconfiguration of conceptions of time, space, and history and thus opens a space to negotiate with the neoliberal narratives of linear and progressivist temporality.

«В ПЕРВУЮ ОЧЕРЕДЬ ПАТРИОТКА, А ЗАТЕМ ФЕМИНИСТКА»: НАЦИЯ И ГЕНДЕР В ТРАВЕЛОГАХ СЕРБСКОЙ ПИСАТЕЛЬНИЦЫ ЕЛЕНЫ ДИМИТРИЕВИЧ

The paper deals with the intersection of several types of discrimination (gender and age, gender and nationality, race) in the travelogues of the Serbian writer Jelena Dimitrijević (1862–1945). The following aspects of her works are touched upon: 1) the Balkans as an imaginary space between East and West; 2) self-identification of a Serbian female traveler; 3) ageism in Serbian society; 4) imaginary East; 5) the relationship of patriotism and feminism; 6) discriminatory practices in the USA; 7) place in the national canon. Methodologically, the study is based on the achievements of postcolonial and gender theories, as well as on the theory of intersectionality. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the “eastern” and “feminine” topic in Dimitrijević’s texts, their relationship with national problematics, and the racial discrimination is also touched upon. The writer herself encounters various forms of oppression. Sometimes women she meets during her travels are vivid cases of oppression. Quite often various types of discrimination are exposed in her texts (for example, in an American travelogue). In the works of the Serbian writer the search and the rejection of fixed identities are obvious.

Travelling Wives and Unprotected Women: Representing the Female Traveller in Tom Taylor’s mid-Victorian Comedies (1860)

Throughout the second half of the nineteenth century, Britain would boast of an economic and social prosperity, improving both national and international transport and tourism. However, certain social issues such as the Woman Question, or the altercations in the colonies raised questions about the Empire’s stability. In London, galleries, museums, and theatrical stages, would reproduce images of the colonies to satisfy the people’s appetite for the foreign. In these, mobile women were usually reduced to stereotypical characters. Thus, we can find a clear categorization of the female traveller: on the one hand, the faithful wife who accompanies her husband, and, on the other, the wild, undomesticated female (Ferrús 19). This article scrutinises women’s position and representation as travellers during the Victorian period. With this purpose in mind, we analyse two comedies written by English playwright Tom Taylor (1817-1880) for London’s stages: The Overland Route (Haymarket 23 February 1860) and Up at the Hills (St. James’s Theatre 22 October 1860). The plays’ setting (colonial India) offers us the opportunity to further discuss gender ideology and its relationship with travel during the mid-Victorian period.

“Liberty Is Dangerous, Especially Amongst the Effeminat Sex”: Strategies for Single Women’s Travel Safety in “Assaulted and Pursued Chastity” (1656)

ABSTRACT This article discusses the narrative strategies and characterisation of the heroine in Margaret Cavendish’s “Assaulted and Pursued Chastity,” with a focus on women’s travel safety. Although Cavendish warns her female readers about the danger of independent travel, her heroine appears extraordinarily lucky to first survive her dangerous journey, to then win the Queen of Amity’s favour, and to finally marry an ideal husband. The text demonstrates Cavendish’s ingenious deployment of romance conventions and court culture to empower her heroine to escape from crises by intervening in the narrative. This strategy propels the narrative forward, protects the heroine’s chastity, and ensures her perilous voyage culminates in a happy ending. The female traveller’s victory also demonstrates Cavendish’s authorial power and self-fashioning throughout the text.

Authoritative Structures of British Feminist Colonial Discourse: Emily Keen’s Travel Narrative My Life Story as a Case Study

This paper analyses the representation of Morocco by a British female traveller during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Emily Keen’s My Life Story attempts to set out the conditions in which women travelled and translated the reception of their experiences into autobiographies in their native countries, breaking down the boundaries of space and time to discover and interpret the discourse that traverses the writer’s narrative. The endeavour is to show how what was imagined about the country, what was a fantastic legend about Morocco, what started as an innocent story and literary entertainment for British readers, built up to make an authoritative discourse of colonisation. My intention and method go so far as to broaden the range of issues connected to travel writing. These issues include gender, race, identity, and personal experience, etc. Through this lens, I argue that such writers were conscious and unconscious informants preparing the way for the European colonisation of the country; they are the living witnesses of an evolution through which a culture was forced to open itself to foreign powers.

Atypical imported severe primary dengue presenting with neutrophilic leukocytosis and cardiac tamponade in a young female traveler.

We report an atypical imported severe primary dengue presenting with neutrophilic leukocytosis, elevated inflammatory markers, myopericarditis and cardiac tamponade. Dengue Fever (DF) cannot be excluded in patients presenting with neutrophilic leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers which may anticipate severe dengue with myocardial involvement.

Rapid diagnostic test negative Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a traveller returning from Ethiopia

BackgroundPlasmodium falciparum strains with mutations/deletions of the genes encoding the histidine-rich proteins 2/3 (pfhrp2/3) have emerged during the last 10 years leading to false-negative results in HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). This can lead to unrecognized infections in individuals and to setbacks in malaria control in endemic countries where RDTs are the backbone of malaria diagnostics and control.Case descriptionHere the detection of a pfhrp2/3-negative P. falciparum infection acquired in Ethiopia by a 63-year old female traveller is presented. After onset of symptoms during travel, she was first tested negative for malaria, most probably by RDT, at a local hospital in Harar, Ethiopia. Falciparum malaria was finally diagnosed microscopically upon her return to Germany, over 4 weeks after infection. At a parasite density of approximately 5387 parasites/µl, two different high-quality RDTs: Palutop + 4 OPTIMA, NADALRMalaria PF/pan Ag 4 Species, did not respond at their respective P. falciparum test lines. pfhrp2/3 deletion was confirmed by multiplex-PCR. The patient recovered after a complete course of atovaquone and proguanil. According to the travel route, malaria was acquired most likely in the Awash region, Central Ethiopia. This is the first case of imported P. falciparum with confirmed pfhrp2/3 deletion from Ethiopia.ConclusionHRP2-negative P. falciparum strains may not be recognized by the presently available HRP2-based RDTs. When malaria is suspected, confirmation by microscopy and/or qPCR is necessary in order to detect falciparum malaria, which requires immediate treatment. This case of imported P. falciparum, non-reactive to HRP2-based RDT, possibly underlines the necessity for standardized, nationwide investigations in Ethiopia and should alert clinicians from non-endemic countries to the possibility of false-negative RDT results which may increase in returning travellers with potentially life-threatening infections.

Research on the behavior and activities of Vietnamese female travelers before and during outbound trips

In 2020, more than 33 million people in Vietnam, over 50% of whom are women, join the middle class, living in large cities. Tourism, especially outbound tourism, is one of the 3 main spending needs of middle-class women. The female traveler market in Vietnam is gradually increasing in scale and considered to be a unique segment. In this research, based on the theory of planned behavior and diagram analyzing the process of visiting destinations, the author classified 4 groups of behaviors including destination selection, destination activities, destination spending, and reference information from 270 Vietnamese women on outbound trips by using descriptive statistics methods. The result showed that they share the common desires of culinary discoveries, the prevalence of self-sufficiency, technology proficiency, and the need to expand the geographical scope of destinations outside of Asia. From that, the research assisted international tour operator groups in Vietnam to formulate tour programs, PR and marketing strategy development proficiently, to offer the female travelers segment an excellent traveling experience.

Incidence of Motor Cycle Accidents in Female Traveller in the Neurosurgery Ward of Rangpur Medical College Hospital

Background: Motor bike is a popular two wheeler vehicle in Bangladesh especially among young generation, newly married couple and service holders. It is also popular vehicle among female NGO workers. Female like to travel on motor bike along with life partner or with guardian hanging their both legs on one side of seat increasing the tendency to fall down from motor cycle due to imbalance body weight during turning the road or crossing the uneven road or sudden increasing the speed of the motor bike or crossing on a speed breaker.
 Aims: Encourage female to travel on motor bike hanging their legs on both sides of the seat to maintain the body weight balance for reducing the mortality and morbidity of RTA.
 Methods: All the female patients admitted in neurosurgery ward having motor cycle accident from January/2019- December/2019 were included in this study.
 Results: There is a strong association between fall from motor cycle (RTA) and hanging two legs on one side in female motor cycle traveler.
 Conclusions: female should travel on motor cycle hanging their legs on both side of seat to avoid avoidable head injury due to RTA.
 Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 10(1): 33-38

Women’s Resistance towards “Master Narratives” through Female Travelers’ Instagram

In Instagram, it is frequently observed that there are various unique female traveler’s accounts. Even though in everyday life, female representation in Instagram is influenced by the “master narratives” which overlook the differences between and among women. According to De Lauretis (1987, 1), “master narratives” are influenced by the West patriarchy that focuses on sexual difference between men and women. This sexual difference is not the result of biological understanding. The objective of this research is to figure out the resistance of female travelers to “master narratives” through their Instagram accounts. This research focuses on Claudia Kaunang’s account. This research applies a virtual ethnography method. De Lauretis’s representation theory, which focuses on “master narratives” and the relations with “Woman” and “women”, is used to analyze the data of this research. The research finding confirms that Claudia Kaunang’s Instagram account displays resistance to the construction of “master narratives”.
 Keywords: Instagram, resistance, master narratives, female traveler