Female Tourists Research Articles

The Motivation Factors for Chinese Female Tourists to Participate in ‘Pin’ Themed Afternoon Tea at Luxury Hotels in Macau from the Sharing Economy Perspective and Self-Determination Theory

ABSTRACT The sharing economy has changed the consumption pattern of hospitality services. This study explored a new situation under the sharing economy service – the “Pin” afternoon tea (a form of group purchases) – and determined consumers’ motivations for participation. Qualitative research was conducted in the context of the sharing economy theory and self-determination theory. The results of interviews with 11 Chinese female tourists revealed nine motivation factors in five main dimensions (financial benefits, social benefits, sustainability, enjoyment, and novelty) of “Pin” afternoon teas: cost saving, product scarcity, expanding the circle of friends, social status, environmental consciousness, enjoying the processes, enjoying the foods, enjoying the environment, and experiencing new things. This study contributes to hospitality research by indicating how a niche market (Chinese female tourists) is motivated by a new sharing economy model (the “Pin” afternoon tea). Knowing these motivations may help the hospitality industry formulate appropriate strategies to speed tourism recovery.

An Evaluation of Female Tourists' Satisfaction in Agritourism through Importance-Performance Analysis

An Evaluation of Female Tourists' Satisfaction in Agritourism through Importance-Performance Analysis

Slow tourism experience: impact on emotions, engagement and well-being

PurposeAs the overflow of information accelerates the pace of life, people search for opportunities to escape from their fast-paced lifestyle by engaging in slower consumption. This research empirically tested the role of slow tourism experience (STE) in improving one’s well-being.Design/methodology/approachIn Study 1, 205 qualified tourists participated. Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with Promax rotation in SPSS v.26 was deployed to examine scale factors. Study 2 consisted of 460 tourists to test the conceptual model using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Multi-group analysis identified statistically significant differences between path coefficients in the structural models for males and females.FindingsResults revealed a three-dimensional STE measure: deceleration, immersion and self-reflection. STE significantly impacted positive emotions and mediated tourist engagement and subjective well-being. Gender multi-group analysis indicated STE had a positive direct impact on SWB for male tourists; however, STE positively affected SWB through tourist destination engagement for female tourists.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was limited to tourists who had stayed at a destination. Future research may consider the different modes or mindsets that tourists use in designing their itinerary, length of stay, type of transportation, level of investment in the environment and culture.Practical implicationsPractitioners can distinguish tourism activities based on gender, focusing on engaging female tourists and triggering emotions for male tourists.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to operationalize and examine STE, extending the broad-and-build theory’s relevance in slow tourism research by revealing the effects of STE on tourists’ SWB.

Exploring Gender Differences in Shaping Total Tourism Experience Quality among Eco-Tourists

This research explored the role of gender as a moderating effect on the relationship between factors affecting ecotourism experiential value. Previous studies have investigated tourist satisfaction; however, the role of gender towards the experiential value remains unclear. More importantly, the tourist’s actual behavior at a destination is a critical determinant factor of tourist loyalty compared to the perception. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explore the role of gender in the relationship between factors influencing the Ecotourist Experiential Value on Actual Tourist Behaviour. More specifically, this study delved into the consequences of destination experience (i.e. attachment and advocate) and investigated the influence of Ecotourist Experiential Value on Actual Behaviour between genders. A survey was conducted among the Taman Negara patrons in Malaysia. The research model was tested and confirmed with 243 tourists. The data was analyzed using Smart Partial Least Squares which is the variance-based structural equation modelling. The results evoked from the survey indicate that aesthetics is very much important as the influential factors towards positive total experience quality among male compared to female. In contrast, Customer Return on Investment becomes the main concern of female tourists towards Total Experience Quality as compared to male tourists. In light of the major finding, this study accentuates the importance of understanding gender behavior to provide valuable insights for destination marketers to establish positioning plans for the tourism industry.

A research need: exploring the experiences and behaviours of veiled Muslim female tourists in Western destinations

ABSTRACT Previous research has explored the dress code, behaviour, motivations, and experiences of Western and Asian female tourists during their visits to Western, Asian, and Islamic destinations. However, there is a paucity of research that explores the behaviour and perspectives of hijab-wearing female Muslim tourists when visiting Western destinations for tourism purposes. Furthermore, despite the fact that some studies have explored the experiences of Muslim women in Islamic destinations (i.e. Malysia and Turkey) there remains a significant research gap in examining the travel experiences and behaviours of veiled female Muslim tourists who visit Western destinations. This is surprising considering the significant market potential presented by Muslim women who travel to Western destinations and their patterns of consumption. This research note serves to encourage scholarly inquiry into the experiences, coping mechanisms, spatial and socio-contextual factors, and constraints faced by veiled Muslim female tourists in Western countries, while advocating for a comparative analysis with Asian and Western counterparts to facilitate a holistic comprehension of their travel experiences.

Research into intergenerational differences among Chinese female tourists consuming Thai cosmetics

Consumers, particularly women, pursue beauty and health in order to uphold their image within society, which has contributed to consistent demand for cosmetics. The cosmetics market, driven by globalization and cultural exchange, sees Thai cosmetics gaining popularity among Chinese women. There has been a significant rise in the popularity of Thai cosmetics, known for their natural ingredients and innovative formulations. With a growing interest in cross-cultural consumer behaviour, particularly in the context of skincare and make-up products, understanding how different age groups perceive and choose Thai cosmetics is crucial for effective marketing strategies. The main issue is the development of consumer preferences over time among Chinese women who have only recently been given the opportunity to choose among many brands. This qualitative study explores the intergenerational differences in Chinese female consumers’ preferences for Thai cosmetics, aiming to uncover rich insights into their perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours. The target population is female Chinese who have visited Thailand and purchased or used Thai-branded cosmetics. Key themes emerge regarding the perception of product efficacy, the cultural authenticity and the role of digital media and trends in influencing product choices. Findings highlight nuanced generational preferences, with older cohorts emphasizing trust and familiarity with established brands, while younger cohorts prioritize innovation, sustainability, and personalized beauty experiences. These insights provide valuable implications for marketers seeking to tailor strategies and product offerings to engage effectively diverse generational segments within the competitive cosmetics market.

중국 Z세대 여성 개별관광객의 특성

The impact of COVID-19 has led to shifts in the tourism patterns of Chinese visitors to Jeju. Traditional group tours, commonly associated with package tourism, are rapidly giving way to individual or small-group tourism involving solo travelers, friends, or families. Notably, there is a relatively higher proportion of young female tourists compared to males. This study aims to comprehensively grasp the tourism preferences and behaviors of individual female tourists from China's Generation Z through extensive Indepth interviews. The goal is to draw implications for Jeju's tourism infrastructure to adapt to the increasing demand from Chinese individual young female travelers. Participants in the study are individual female tourists in their twenties from China, and their psychological and behavioral characteristics related to tourism preferences are thoroughly analyzed. The subjects of the in-depth interviews were individual Chinese female tourists in their twenties. The study meticulously described their psychological characteristics and behavioural traits related to tourism demand. It is hoped that the results of this research will serve as useful foundational data for developing marketing strategies aimed at attracting more individual Chinese female tourists to Jeju Island in the future.

Exploring the Female Tourists' Identity in Contemporary Chinese Theme Parks Tourism

Exploring the Female Tourists' Identity in Contemporary Chinese Theme Parks Tourism

Environmental cognition and peer attitudes: Influencing tourists' waste‐sorting behavior in rural tourism destinations

AbstractThis research assesses the determinants impacting the behavior in rural tourism destinations regarding tourists' waste sorting (WSB), emphasizing the significance of social norms and peer networks. Survey data was gathered from 955 participants in rural tourist destinations across Henan, Shandong, and Anhui provinces. The empirical findings illuminate several crucial aspects: (1) social norms and peer networks wield a positive, catalyzing influence on tourists' WSB in rural tourism settings. (2) Peer attitudes shape tourists' WSB, and environmental cognition plays a pivotal mediating role. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive exploration of the influence of social norms and peer networks on tourists' WSB in rural tourism destinations, highlighting the unique interplay of cognitive, behavioral, and attitudinal factors in this context. (3) Cognitive norms and behavioral norms have a more significant impact on female tourists. (4) For frequent travel groups, social norms affect waste‐sorting behavior less.

Halal–friendly attributes: a comparative study of different Muslim genders’ intentions to visit non–Islamic destinations

Purpose This study aims to examine how halal-friendly attributes at non-Islamic destinations affect the tourist attitude and visiting intentions of Muslim tourists of different genders from ASEAN countries. Design/methodology/approach The study used a structured survey with a non-probability, convenience sampling approach, targeting residents of Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei. To assess the impact of halal-friendly attributes on destination image, tourist attitude and visiting intentions, a structural equation model was applied, analyzing the data across different genders. Findings The results indicate that the social environment exerts a positive influence on tourist attitudes for both males and females. In contrast, facilities have a negative impact on visiting intentions in both groups, with a more pronounced effect among males. While food and beverages positively influence the attitudes of female tourists, this effect is not observed in male tourists. Local factors and staff interactions show a strong positive impact on visiting intentions for males but only a marginal effect for females. The quality of service significantly boosts visiting intentions in both genders. Interestingly, tourist attitudes appear to have a negative effect on visiting intentions, with this trend being more evident in the female sample. Research limitations/implications The study is limited by its use of convenience sampling and self-reported data, which may not represent broader Indonesian perspectives and could introduce biases. Its focus on Indonesian perceptions and unexpected findings regarding tourist attitudes limit its generalizability and suggest unexplored factors affecting travel intentions. Originality/value This study offers new insights into how gender differences among Muslim tourists shape their intentions toward visiting non-Islamic destinations, emphasizing the role of halal-friendly attributes. These findings equip tourism operators and marketers with essential knowledge for developing inclusive, culturally sensitive practices, enhancing the travel experience for this significant segment of the global tourism market.

Antecedents of domestic visitor’s memorable experiences and gender difference: a heritage tourism context

ABSTRACT This study explores the interplay between visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image in shaping memorable tourism experiences (MTE) within the realm of domestic heritage tourism, as well as the potential moderating role of gender in these relationships. Data were collected in the historic city of Kashan, Iran through a self-administered questionnaire and a combination of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and multi-group analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The results strongly support the influence of visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image on various dimensions of MTE. Additionally, noteworthy gender differences emerged, revealing that authenticity has a more pronounced impact on meaningfulness, knowledge, and involvement for female tourists. Moreover, distinct gender disparities were observed in the effects of destination image on these three dimensions. These findings make a valuable contribution to the tourism and MTE literature by emphasizing the significance of gender-specific perceptions and attitudes within the context of heritage tourism.

An exploratory study with western female tourists about perceived drivers and challenges towards environmental stewardship in a nature-based destination

An exploratory study with western female tourists about perceived drivers and challenges towards environmental stewardship in a nature-based destination

Strategic Management of COVID 19 Pandemic; Response and Preparedness in Sri Lanka

Serious pandemic of COVID -19 a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2, which was first discovered in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan. This highly infective SARS-CoV-2 virus is spreading from person to person through close contact, and the common symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath while muscle pains, loss of smell and taste, diarrhea, abdominal pain and throat ache are other symptoms, which have frequently recorded. This serious pandemic of COVID -19 has threatening lives of people and claimed 682,421,707 patients and 6,819,238 deaths worldwide to date of 19th March 2023. The first COVID-19 case in Sri Lanka on 27th January 2020, who was a 44 year old female tourist from Hubei Province China, and the first local case was reported on 11th of March 2020, who was a travel guide. Aim of this article is to describe the effectiveness of COVID-19 response and preparedness especially on patient care management. A descriptive study was conducted through Key Informant Interviews, data gathering through desk review of records and reports published. Multi strategic approach that was used in the Sri Lankan health sector to combat COVID – 19 pandemic. Strategies done were; system development (curative and preventive services), infrastructure development and improvement of facilities, staff wellbeing and protection, continuation of normal patient care services, intersectoral coordination and collaboration, special projects in relation to COVID – 19 pandemic, leadership and governance, supervision and monitoring, and public / community empowerment. These strategies has reflected in managing COVID – 19 pandemic and similar strategies with modification can be implemented in future pandemic situations. Further, it is recommended to do in-depth studies to understand the interventions done in specific areas, effectiveness of interventions, and gaps of intervention done and to mitigate the gaps for better response system in order to build a resilient health system.

A Qualitative Study on the Problems Encountered by Female Tourists Travelling Alone in Türkiye

Dünya üzerindeki kadın seyahatlerinin 18. ve 19. yüzyıllarda artış gösterdiği bilinmesine karşın, Türkiye’de kadının seyahat endüstrisinde desteklenmesi 3. Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı (1973-1977) çerçevesindeki sosyal turizm anlayışıyla gündeme gelmiştir. Ancak ataerkil toplum yapısı, kadının pek çok özgürlüğünü kendisine biçilen bazı rollerin gerisinde bırakmasına yol açmıştır. Bu özgürlüklerden biri de seyahat etme özgürlüğüdür. Son yıllarda bağımsız olma, kişisel tatmin, kaçış ve kendini güçlendirme gibi nedenlerle yalnız seyahat etmeyi tercih eden kadınlar, seyahatleri süresince bazı güvenlik sorunlarıyla karşı karşıya kalabilmektedirler. Bu araştırma, Türkiye’de kadın turist olmanın ne anlam ifade ettiğini ve yalnız seyahat eden kadın turistlerin seyahatleri süresince karşılaştıkları sorunları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında doküman incelemesi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; görsel ve basılı medyada yer alan haberlere göre Türkiye’yi ziyarete gelen yabancı kadın turistlerin gasp, taciz, tecavüz gibi ciddi problemler yaşadıkları anlaşılmıştır. Görsel ve basılı medyada yer alan bu tür olaylar, ülke imajını ve turizmini olumsuz yönde etkilemesi bakımdan önemlidir. Araştırma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100. yılının kutlanacağı 2023 yılında da var olmayı sürdüren ve hemen her alanda çeşitli başarılar elde eden kadının seyahat özgürlüğünü bir kez daha önemle vurgulamaktadır. Seyahatin en önemli bileşenlerinden birini oluşturan “güvenlik” unsurunun kadın turistler için vazgeçilmez olduğu unutulmamalı; “kadın dostu turizm” anlayışı merkez ve yerel yönetimler ve turizm işletmeleri tarafından benimsenmelidir.

Socioeconomic Implication of Religious Tourism: A Women’s Prospective

Religious tourism in India has witnessed significant growth over the years, with an increasing number of women participating in such travel experiences. Despite the patriarchal and male-dominated orientation of Indian society, women have been actively engaging in religious tours, both as part of group travel and independently. In the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a noticeable rise in women travelling in small groups or embarking on solo religious journeys.
 This study aims to explore the socioeconomic implications of religious tourism from the perspective of Indian women. By analysing personal experiences, beliefs, encountered challenges, and proposed solutions, the research sheds light on the economic and social aspects of women's religious tourism in the Indian context. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to female tourists who have independently undertaken religious tours. The study employs an empirical approach to provide insights into the changing dynamics of female participation in religious tourism and offers valuable perspectives for policymakers.
 The findings reveal significant structural changes taking place in India, particularly concerning the increased participation of women in religious tourism. The study uncovers key insights into the economic and social implications of religious tourism for women, highlighting the challenges they face and their expectations from policymakers. By addressing the previously neglected issues specific to women travellers in previous research, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the motivations and experiences of female tourists.

Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning of The Tourism Industry before, during The Covid-19 Pandemic and After for The Tourism Industry in Indonesia

This research aims to observingtourism businesspre, during and post Covid-19 pandemic. Evaluating and selecting market segment, firstly the highest foreign tourist arrivals to Indonesia by nationality is Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Singapore, China and Australia. Secondly, foreign tourist arrivals to Indonesia by gender male tourist bigger than female tourist is Malaysia, Timor-Leste, Singapore, India, Japan, America, England and South Korea. In reverse, female tourist bigger than male tourist is China and Australia. Thirdly, foreign tourist arrivals to Indonesia by age Generation Y and Generation Z is Malaysia, Timor-Leste, China, India, Japan, America, England, South Korea and Australia. Equal between baby boomers and generation X, Generation Y and Generation Z is Singapore. Fourthly, international tourists spending more than $ 1000 are Singapore, China, India, Japan, America, England, South Korea and Australia. Afterwards, international tourists spending less than $ 1000 are Malaysia and Timor-Leste. Fifthly, international tourists arrivals by main purpose of visit for vacation more than 78 percent is Malaysia, Timor-Leste, China, Singapore, Australia, India, Japan, America, England and South Korea. Positioning strategies as a needs and wants from tourists and communicating and delivering the products. Indonesia needs in making appropriate strategy for more appealing and visible, through segmenting, targeting and positioning.
 Keywords: Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning

Selfie-Related Incidents: Narrative Review and Media Content Analysis.

Selfie-related injury has become a public health concern amid the near ubiquitous use of smartphones and social media apps. Of particular concern are selfie-related deaths at aquatic locations; areas often frequented because of their photogenic allure. Unfortunately, such places exhibit hazards inherent with their environment. This study aimed to ascertain current evidence regarding selfie-related injuries and recommended risk treatment measures in the academic literature as well as how selfie-related injuries and deaths were being reported by the media, allowing us to identify key challenges facing land managers and public health practitioners in mitigating selfie-related injuries and deaths. Between October and December 2022, we performed a narrative review of peer-reviewed literature published since January 2011. Literature was screened to identify causal factors implicated in selfie-related deaths and injuries, as well as risk treatments recommended. Furthermore, we used an environmental scan methodology to search for media reports of selfie-related injuries and deaths at aquatic locations in Australia and the United States. Individual cases of selfie-related aquatic injuries and deaths sourced from news reports were analyzed to assess epidemiological characteristics, and a thematic content analysis was conducted to identify key themes of news reporting on selfie-related deaths and injuries. In total, 5 peer-reviewed studies were included. Four studies identified falls from height as the most common injury mechanism in selfie incidents. Drowning was the second most common cause of death. Recommended risk treatments were limited but included the adoption of "no selfie zones," physical barriers, signage, and provision of information on dangerous locations to social media users. In total, 12 cases were identified from media reports (4 injuries and 8 fatalities; 7 in Australia and 5 in the United States). The mean age of the reported victims was 22.1 (SD 6.93) years with victims more likely to be female tourists. Content analysis revealed 3 key themes from media reports: "blame," "warning," and "prevention and education." Few media reports (n=8) provided safety recommendations. The selfie-related incident phenomenon should be viewed as a public health problem that requires a public health risk communication response. To date, little attention has been paid to averting selfie-related incidents through behavior change methodologies or direct messaging to users, including through social media apps. Although previous research has recommended "no selfie zones," barriers, and signage as ways to prevent selfie incidents, our results suggest this may not be enough, and it may be prudent to also engage in direct safety messaging to social media users. Media reporting of selfie incidents should focus on preventive messaging rather than blame or warning.

Comparison of the tourist mobility patterns among demographic subgroups with mobile phone data: A case study of Chongqing, China

Understanding tourist mobility patterns of demographic subgroups is vital to tourism planning and management. However, existing empirical studies used various indicators and methods to depict tourist mobility but reached conflicting conclusions across different regions. Existing studies mostly analyzed mobility patterns from a single aspect of mobility indicator, time, and space, which leads to a limited understanding of tourist heterogeneity. Therefore, we proposed a multidimensional framework that combined three aspects and then conducted an empirical study to explore tourist mobility differences. Based on one-month mobile phone data from Chongqing, we identified the differences in mobility indicators, temporal patterns, and spatial patterns among demographic subgroups, which exist in gender, age, and location of origin. The analysis results indicate that older tourists have the highest enthusiasm for tourism, while middle-aged tourists have the lowest. Female tourists have an earlier start time and longer duration of traveling. The spatial structure of neighboring tourists is centered around the railway station, while non-neighboring is the airport. By revealing the different tourism preferences of subgroups, our findings can provide references for tourism planning and travel service provision in rapidly developing tourist cities.

Gender diversity in sport event tourists’ willingness-to-pay for ancillary services: A choice experimental approach

This study aims to propose diverse feasible management strategies for developing an effective ancillary service items offered at sport events. Using a sample of South Korean sport event tourists attending KBO (Korea Baseball Organization) League games, this study employs a gender perspective to devise marketing strategies that are capable of effectively attracting the buying power of female sport event tourists. Results from the choice experimental approach suggest that respondents put the heaviest weight on healthier local food sold at stadium concessions. The scenario analysis results indicate that female tourists show their stronger preferences for the highest levels of ancillary service settings. Results also denote that females are less concerned about the high levels of ticket prices, which provides a useful avenue for sport event marketers.

Modeling cross-cultural gender role in tourist self-presentation

The study examines tourist self-presentational concern between home and destination environments with a sociopsychological lens by delineating the role of genders in cross-cultural settings. It is found that tourists of different genders and from different cultures exhibit varying degree of self-presentational concern at destination vs. home, conforming to the social role theory. Specifically, female tourists experience more significant relief of self-presentational concern than their male counterparts while away from home in a Western cultural context such as the United States. However, such difference between female and male tourists is not as significant in an Eastern society such as China. The findings result in the proposition of a model of cross-cultural gender role in tourist self-presentation. The study concludes with discussions of its theoretical and practical contributions as well as implications for future research.