Female Genital Research Articles

Female genital tract microbiome dysbiosis in endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia

Female genital tract microbiome dysbiosis in endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia

Deciphering the Therapeutic Applications of Nanomedicine in Ovarian Cancer Therapy: An Overview.

The majority of deadly cancers that afflict the female reproductive system occur in the ovary. Around 1,40,000 women worldwide die from ovarian cancer each year, making it the sixth most common cancer-associated deceases among females in the United States. Modern, cutting-edge treatments like chemotherapy and surgery frequently produce full remissions, but the recurrence rate is still very high. When this crippling condition is diagnosed, there are frequently few therapeutic choices available because of how quietly it manifests. Healthcare practitioners must have a fundamental grasp of the warning signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, as well as the imaging techniques and treatment choices available, to give the patient the best care possible. The discipline of medical nanotechnology has gained a lot of momentum in recent years in resolving issues and enhancing the detection and treatment of different illnesses, including cancer. This article gives a brief summary of types, risk factors and approaches to ovarian cancer treatment. We subsequently discussed the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer with the risk factors. This review also emphasizes the various signalling pathways involved in ovarian cancer. Our comprehensive integration of recent findings in fundamental research in the nano arena reveals the strong interest in these nanomedicines in ovarian cancer treatment. However, these nanomedicines still require more research, as indicated by the comparatively small number of clinical trials ongoing. This article will provide a reference for ovarian cancer treatment.

Adult Experience of Pregnancy and Childbirth in Survivors of Underage Sexual Violence

Objective: Ms. A, who was a victim of sexual violence as a minor, spoke about pregnancy and childbirth as an adult and revealed her thoughts on the medical treatment and care she received. Methods: Semi-structured interview was conducted on zoom using an interview guide about Ms. A's thoughts on pregnancy and childbirth. The contents of the interview were coded using NVivo version 1.6.1, a qualitative data analysis support software. Content analysis was performed on 62 coded data and categorized them. Results: Seven categories were generated: resistance, disgust, pain, flashbacks, childbirth, positive emotions, and children. "Flashbacks" and "resistance," "pain" and "disgust," and "children" and "childbirth" were related. Discussion: It became clear that pregnancy and childbirth are experiences that are connected to past sexual violence victims. Consideration is required for everyone, even if it is supportive care, such as the medical treatment and care that pregnant women receive on a routine basis, or the situation where they touch the female genitals. Even if appropriate support is not available during pregnancy, it is necessary to continue to provide support during the child-rearing period so that pregnancy and childbirth can be viewed in a positive light.

Female Reproductive System and Thyroid Dysfunction: Findings from a 12-Year Follow-Up in the Tehran Thyroid Study.

Background: The impact of thyroid dysfunction (TD) on the female reproductive system has been extensively documented. While there is evidence suggesting that alteration in female reproductive status may affect thyroid function, conflicting results have prevented definitive conclusions. This study aimed to investigate the associations of parity, spontaneous abortion (mentioned as abortion throughout this study), and menopause status with the prevalence and incidence of TD. Methods: From the Tehran thyroid study population, 2711 participants were included in the cross-sectional analysis to explore associations between female reproductive status and TD. Overall, 2191 participants with euthyroid were included in the survival study and followed up in 3-year intervals. Multinomial logistic regression was adopted in cross-sectional analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine associations between the incidence of TD with parity, abortion, and menopause status, adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies positivity. Results: At the baseline, multiple parities (≥4) were significantly associated with overt hypothyroidism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12; confidence interval [CI] 1.0-1.26) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (OR = 1.11 [CI 1.03-1.21]). Furthermore, multiple abortions were associated with overt hyperthyroidism (OR = 2.09 [CI 1.02-4.26]). Over the course of the study, multiple parities were significantly associated with the incident subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism. Conversely, a history of abortion was associated with a reduced risk of incident overt hypothyroidism. We found no significant association between menopause status and the prevalence or incidence of either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the female reproductive system may be associated with thyroid function. Parity and abortion are associated with the occurrence of TD. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the cellular and molecular alterations in signaling cascades during pregnancy is necessary to fully elucidate these associations.

Serum circulating liver enzymes and human diseases

Abstract Background This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) associations between liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT) with a wide spectrum of human diseases. Methods UK Biobank data was used for observational analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to quantify the observational associations between liver enzymes and risks of 1109 diseases, adjusted for covariates. A correction was applied to allow for multiple comparisons. Two-sample MR was performed to replicate the identified observational associations. We assessed the strength, consistency and pleiotropy of these MR associations. Results In 438571 participants with a median 12.4 years of follow-up, we found evidence linking liver enzymes and 654 diseases, 254 of which were further assessed in subsequent MR. In MR, 52 associations were replicated (10 for ALP, 14 for ALT, 10 for AST and 18 for GGT). Specifically, ALT was associated with liver conditions, diabetes, abnormal bleeding from the female genital tract, and prostate cancer. AST showed associations with prostate cancer, anxiety, diabetic neuropathy, and stroke. GGT was linked to hepatic and biliary conditions, coronary atherosclerosis, and pneumonia, while ALP displayed positive associations with vitamin D-calcium-parathyroid-bone conditions. Conclusions Elevated liver enzymes are risk factors for a wide range of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases, predominantly digestive, circulatory, metabolic/endocrine (including diabetes) diseases. Furthermore, the four liver enzymes demonstrated distinct patterns of disease associations. Key messages • Elevated liver enzymes are risk factors for a wide range of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. • The four liver enzymes demonstrated distinct patterns of disease associations.

The Impact of Neonicotinoid Pesticides on Reproductive Health.

Neonicotinoids are some of the most widely used insecticides in the world because they broadly target chewing and sucking insects. Neonicotinoids are used in commercial agricultural systems, sold for use in home gardens, and found in veterinary pharmaceuticals in the form of flea and tick preventatives for companion animals. They are also used as crop seed treatments and spread throughout crops as they mature. As a result, humans, wildlife, livestock, and pets are routinely exposed to neonicotinoids through consumption of contaminated food and water as well as through use of some veterinary pharmaceuticals. Although several studies indicate that neonicotinoid exposure causes genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity in some non-target species, the impact of neonicotinoid pesticides on the male and female reproductive systems in mammals is largely understudied. This review summarizes current insights on the impact of common neonicotinoid pesticides such as acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid on male and female reproductive health in mammals. The review also summarizes the impacts of exposure to mixtures of neonicotinoids on reproductive endpoints. In addition, this review highlights where gaps in research on neonicotinoid pesticides and reproductive health exist so that future studies can be designed to fill current gaps in knowledge.

Human genital dendritic cell heterogeneity confers differential rapid response to HIV-1 exposure

Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in HIV pathogenesis and require further investigation in the female genital tract, a main portal of entry for HIV infection. Here we characterized genital DC populations at the single cell level and how DC subsets respond to HIV immediately following exposure. We found that the genital CD11c+HLA-DR+ myeloid population contains three DC subsets (CD1c+ DC2s, CD14+ monocyte-derived DCs and CD14+CD1c+ DC3s) and two monocyte/macrophage populations with distinct functional and phenotypic properties during homeostasis. Following HIV exposure, the antiviral response was dominated by DCs’ rapid secretory response, activation of non-classical inflammatory pathways and host restriction factors. Further, we uncovered subset-specific differences in anti-HIV responses. CD14+ DCs were the main population activated by HIV and mediated the secretory antimicrobial response, while CD1c+ DC2s activated inflammasome pathways and IFN responses. Identification of subset-specific responses to HIV immediately after exposure could aid targeted strategies to prevent HIV infection.

Imperforate Hymen: Rare Types

When the hymen, a thin membrane of stratified squamous epithelium circumscribing the vaginal introitus, does not spontaneously rupture during neonatal development, it is referred to as an imperforate hymen. An imperforate hymen is a rare cause of primary amenorrhea and can present with obstructive symptoms of the female genital and urinary tracts during the perinatal, pediatric, or adolescent years. Timely diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical. Specific pediatric and gynecologic knowledge and skills are necessary to provide comprehensive, patient-centered care. In addition to the anatomical and physiological aspects of imperforate hymen, its clinical presentation, and potential complications, the psychological impact on affected individuals must be understood. Best practices will ultimately improve patients’ quality of life and reproductive health outcomes. This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of imperforate hymen and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in improving care for patients with this condition.

Practice of Sterilization and Disinfection during Hysterosalpingography in some Hospitals of the Northwest, Southwest and Littoral Regions of Cameroon

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to study the female reproductive system using contrast medium which is injected into the uterus and x-ray images are taken as the dye fills the uterus and fallopian tubes. Proper sterilization and disinfection protocols are essential to minimize the risk of introducing pathogens into the reproductive tract during the procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate disinfection and sterilization practices of HSG equipment before HSG procedure in some hospitals in Cameroon. At the end of the study, collected data was compiled and analysed, the results showed 0% of proper sterilization was done for the equipment used, all the equipment were poorly disinfected with poorly made chemicals (sodium hypochlorite) solution (100%). Most of the equipment used were either about 80% stained or rusted. Based on the finding of this study, it was concluded that the practice of sterilization and disinfection of HSG equipment in Cameroon is poor, and there is need for improvements of the practice.

Ubiquitin-related gene markers predict immunotherapy response and prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma

Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the most fatal among female reproductive system tumors. The immune tumor microenvironment and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway are closely related to the proliferation, invasion, and response to chemotherapy in EOC. However, their specific roles in EOC have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to recognize potential prognostic markers and novel therapeutic targets for EOC. We constructed the ubiquitin-related signature risk model comprising HSP90AB1, FBXO9, SIGMAR1, STAT1, SH3KBP1, EPB41L2, DNAJB6, VPS18, PPM1G, AKAP12, FRK, and PYGB, specifically for patients with EOC. The high-risk model presented a worse prognosis, primarily associated with the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, ECM receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton regulations. Analysis of the immune landscape revealed a higher abundance of B cells, M2 macrophages, neutrophil CD4 T cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, macrophage neutrophils, and fibroblasts in the high-risk group. It also exhibited lower tumor mutation burden, mRNAsi, and EREG-mRNAsi and reduced sensitivity to other chemotherapy drugs, except dasatinib. These findings serve as a valuable indicator for personalized treatment strategies and clinical stratification in managing patients with EOC. Additionally, our study will serve as a foundation for future mechanistic research to explore the association between the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and EOC.

Expression of TRPS1 in Metastatic Tumors of the Skin: An Immunohistochemical Study of 72 Cases

TRPS1 (Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome 1) is a GATA transcriptional activator gene encoding for a protein used as a sensitive immunohistochemical marker of breast carcinomas. In dermatopathology, TRPS1 is used as a marker of mammary and extramammary Paget’s disease and is also expressed by a variety of primary cutaneous tumors, mostly of adnexal origin. So far, very limited data exist on the expression of TRPS1 in metastatic skin tumors. We studied the immunohistochemical expression of TRPS1 in 72 cutaneous metastatic tumors from the breast (n: 19) and other origins (n: 53) in order to assess its diagnostic usefulness. The intensity of TRPS1 immunostaining was expressed as a histoscore: the product of the percentage of positive cells (scored semi-quantitatively 0–4) and the staining intensity (scored 0–3). In normal skin, nuclear TRPS1 expression was predominantly observed in cells of adnexal structures (pilosebaceous follicles and sweat glands). Eighteen (18/19, 94.7%) metastatic breast carcinomas showed diffuse and strong TRPS1 positivity (histoscore 12). Lower reactivity was found in some other metastases, including from the lung (11/22), the female genital tract (3/4), and the kidney (2/4), whereas most (20/22) metastases from the digestive system and peritoneum, along with a case of metastatic prostate carcinoma, were negative. These results suggest that a high histoscore for TRPS1 is in favor of the mammary origin of metastatic cutaneous carcinoma. Although TRPS1 is not absolutely specific or sensitive to a particular primary, we consider that it can be added to a panel of other markers when investigating the origin of a cutaneous metastasis, namely when this is the first manifestation of the neoplastic disease.

Taxonomic notes on Prothemus Champion (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), with descriptions of two new species from China and Vietnam

Prothemus longiphysus Wittmer, 1995 is considered as a junior synonym of P. sanguinosus (Farimaire, 1900). Meanwhile, P. angustioripennis (Pic, 1927), originally described in Cantharis, is removed from the synonym of P. sanguinosus and reinstated as a valid species. Besides, two new species are discovered and described under the names of P. biprominens sp. nov. and P. venustiformis sp. nov. In addition, the macrophotographs of aedeagi and female internal genitalia are firstly provided for the following species: P. sanguinosus, P. purpureipennis (Gorham, 1889), P. chinensis Wittmer, 1987, P. kiukianganus (Gorham, 1889), P. limbolarius (Fairmaire, 1900) and P. monochrous (Fairmaire, 1900). A key to the Prothemus species from Nanling National Natural Reserve, China is provided.

Hydrogel Strategies for Female Reproduction Dysfunction.

Infertility is an important issue for human reproductive health, with over half of all cases of infertility associated with female factors. Dysfunction of the complex female reproductive system may cause infertility. In clinical practice, female infertility is often treated with oral medications and/or surgical procedures, and ultimately with assisted reproductive technologies. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and adjustable mechanical properties, hydrogels are emerging as valuable tools in the reconstruction of organ function, supplemented by tissue engineering techniques to increase their structure and functionality. Hydrogel-based female reproductive reconstruction strategies targeting the pathological mechanisms of female infertility may provide alternatives for the treatment of ovarian, endometrium/uterine, and fallopian tube dysfunction. In this review, we provide a general introduction to the basic physiology and pathology of the female reproductive system, the limitations of current infertility treatments, and the lack of translation from animal models to human reproductive physiology. We further provide an overview of the current and future potential applications of hydrogels in the treatment of female reproductive system dysfunction, highlighting the great prospects of hydrogel-based strategies in the field of translational medicine, along with the significant challenges to be overcome.

Molecular Genetic Factors of Risk Stratification of Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Carcinoma

Background: According to epidemiological studies, endometrial carcinoma is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies of the female reproductive system, with an increasing incidence. Currently, the risk stratification of this neoplasm takes into account the stage, degree of tumor differentiation, histological type and depth of myometrial invasion. Since the publication of the last International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for endometrial cancer in 2009, numerous reports have appeared on the molecular characteristics of different types of endometrial carcinoma. Taking this into account, the FIGO Committee determined in 2023 that changes and updates to the staging system are justified to reflect new information about this tumor. Due to the high prevalence of the disease and mortality from endometrial cancer, an in-depth study of the molecular genetic characteristics of tumor cells is relevant; the results of such studies can be used to improve the efficiency of diagnosis, assess the risk of metastasis and prognosis of the disease. Lymph node assessment is crucial for the choice of treatment strategy for endometrial cancer, since metastatic lymph node involvement is one of the main factors affecting prognosis. At the same time, the criteria for the appropriateness of lymphadenectomy in low-differentiated malignant tumors are not clearly defined. Various molecular methods have been proposed to assess the status of lymph nodes; candidate genes are being studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers, as well as microRNA. The aim of the study was to analyze the literature data on numerous studies of molecular risk factors for progression in endometrioid carcinoma, as well as to preserve the most important marker changes in relation to the prognostic development of this disease. Methods: A literature review was conducted using data from the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Wiley Cochrane Library for the period from 2018 to 2023 using the specific keywords. Results: The current scientific genetic studies on metastasis and prognostic factors in uterine cancer were analyzed, and a systematization of the reviewed data from the modern literature was done. Conclusions: To select the most effective treatment - intraoperative, adjuvant or combination therapy, minimize postoperative risks of lymphadenectomy and clearly predict the results - further study of the molecular genetic features of endometrial cancer is necessary.

Apigenin as a Promising Agent for Enhancing Female Reproductive Function and Treating Associated Disorders.

Apigenin is an organic flavonoid abundant in some plants such as parsley, chamomile, or celery. Recently, it has been investigated for several of its pharmacological characteristics, such as its ability to act as an antioxidant, reduce inflammation, and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of the existing knowledge regarding the effects of apigenin on female reproductive systems and its dysfunctions. Apigenin can influence reproductive processes by regulating multiple biological events, including oxidative processes, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell renewal and viability, ovarian blood supply, and the release of reproductive hormones. It could stimulate ovarian folliculogenesis, as well as ovarian and embryonal cell proliferation and viability, which can lead to an increase in fertility and influence the release of reproductive hormones, which may exert its effects on female reproductive health. Furthermore, apigenin could inhibit the activities of ovarian cancer cells and alleviate the pathological changes in the female reproductive system caused by environmental pollutants, harmful medications, cancer, polycystic ovarian syndrome, ischemia, as well as endometriosis. Therefore, apigenin may have potential as a biostimulator for female reproductive processes and as a therapeutic agent for certain reproductive diseases.

Heat stress: a major threat to ruminant reproduction and mitigating strategies.

Stress is an external event or condition that puts pressure on a biological system. Heat stress is defined as the combination of internal and external factors acting on an animal to cause an increase in body temperature and elicit a physiological response. Heat stress is a set of conditions caused by overexposure to or overexertion at excess ambient temperature and leads to the inability of animals to dissipate enough heat to sustain homeostasis. Heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and cramps are among the symptoms. For the majority of mammalian species, including ruminants, heat stress has a negative impact on physiological, reproductive, and nutritional requirements. Reproductive functions, including the male and female reproductive systems, are negatively affected by heat stress. It decreases libido and spermatogenic activity in males and negatively affects follicle development, oogenesis, oocyte maturation, fertilization, implantation, and embryo-fetal development in females. These effects lead to a decrease in the rate of reproduction and financial losses for the livestock industry. Understanding the impact of heat stress on reproductive tissues will aid in the development of strategies for preventing heat stress and improving reproductive functions. Modification of the microenvironment, nutritional control, genetic development of heat-tolerant breeds, hormonal treatment, estrous synchronization, timed artificial insemination, and embryo transfer are among the strategies used to reduce the detrimental effects of heat stress on reproduction. These strategies may also increase the likelihood of establishing pregnancy in farm animals.

Methodological approaches in 16S sequencing of female reproductive tract in fertility patients: a review.

The female genital tract microbiome has become a particular area of interest in improving assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes with the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. However, NGS assessment of microbiomes currently lacks uniformity and poses significant challenges for accurate and precise bacterial population representation. As multiple NGS platforms and assays have been developed in recent years for microbiome investigation-including the advent of long-read sequencing technologies-this work aimed to identify current trends and practices undertaken in female genital tract microbiome investigations. Areas like sample collection and transport, DNA extraction, 16S amplification vs. metagenomics, NGS library preparation, and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated a detrimental lack of uniformity. The lack of uniformity present is a significant limitation characterised by gap discrepancies in generation and interpretation of results. Minimal consistency was observed in primer design, DNA extraction techniques, sample transport, and bioinformatic analyses. With third-generation sequencing technology highlighted as a promising tool in microbiota-based research via full-length 16S rRNA sequencing, there is a desperate need for future studies to investigate and optimise methodological approaches of the genital tract microbiome to ensure better uniformity of methods and results interpretation to improve clinical impact.

Artificial Intelligence and Colposcopy: Automatic Identification of Vaginal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Precursors

Background/Objectives: While human papillomavirus (HPV) is well known for its role in cervical cancer, it also affects vaginal cancers. Although colposcopy offers a comprehensive examination of the female genital tract, its diagnostic accuracy remains suboptimal. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) could enhance the cost-effectiveness of colposcopy, but no AI models specifically differentiate low-grade (LSILs) and high-grade (HSILs) squamous intraepithelial lesions in the vagina. This study aims to develop and validate an AI model for the differentiation of HPV-associated dysplastic lesions in this region. Methods: A convolutional neural network (CNN) model was developed to differentiate HSILs from LSILs in vaginoscopy (during colposcopy) still images. The AI model was developed on a dataset of 57,250 frames (90% training/validation [including a 5-fold cross-validation] and 10% testing) obtained from 71 procedures. The model was evaluated based on its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC). Results: For HSIL/LSIL differentiation in the vagina, during the training/validation phase, the CNN demonstrated a mean sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 98.7% (IC95% 96.7–100.0%), 99.1% (IC95% 98.1–100.0%), and 98.9% (IC95% 97.9–99.8%), respectively. The mean AUROC was 0.990 ± 0.004. During testing phase, the sensitivity was 99.6% and 99.7% for both specificity and accuracy. Conclusions: This is the first globally developed AI model capable of HSIL/LSIL differentiation in the vaginal region, demonstrating high and robust performance metrics. Its effective application paves the way for AI-powered colposcopic assessment across the entire female genital tract, offering a significant advancement in women’s healthcare worldwide.

Effects of Ovarian Stimulation with Gonadotropins in the Conditions of Chronic Psychosocial Stress on the Quality of Murine Oocyte

Chronic psychosocial stress may negatively affect the female reproductive system. Meanwhile, the effect of ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins during stress on the quality of oocytes remains poorly studied. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of chronic psychosocial stress on the quality of murine cumulus-oocyte complexes during natural estrus cycle, as well as during ovarian stimulation with exogenous gonadotropins; the latter is an important part of modern assisted reproductive technologies. The results of the study demonstrate that psychosocial stress does not affect the number of ovulating oocytes, but worsens their quality, i. e. reduces the percentage of mature oocytes. In addition, stressed mice exhibited the increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species in oocytes, which is accompanied by the enhanced rate of apoptosis in cumulus cells. Hormonal stimulation of the ovaries with gonadotropins alleviates the negative changes associated with the psychosocial stress, normalizing the level of reactive oxygen species in oocytes and reducing the rate of apoptosis in cumulus cells.

Comparative analysis of the parameters of the external diameter of the isthmus, ampulla and funnel of the fallopian tubes in women giving birth in the first and second periods of adulthood

During an in-depth analysis of the management of patients of older age groups, another equally important category of the population is overlooked - patients of the second period of adulthood. In no case should this period of life be missed, especially in relation to women. It is in this age period that the menopause process occurs, which determines the further involutive restructuring of the reproductive system in particular and the entire body as a whole. It is advisable to study the morphological dynamics of the fallopian tubes, which are a key link in the female reproductive system. Objective: in a comparative aspect, to analyze the parameters of the outer diameter of the isthmus, ampoule and funnel of the fallopian tubes in women who gave birth in the first and second periods of adulthood according to the sectional study and calculate the correlation relationship. The study was performed on autopsy material in the period 2018-2022, the analysis of the results of morphometry of both fallopian tubes of 49 deceased women who gave birth at the age of 22-56 years was carried out. Group I included 26 women of the first period of adulthood (22-35 years old), group II included 23 women of the second period of adulthood (36-56 years old). The outer diameter of the fallopian tube funnel was determined using a micrometer after their isolation from the pelvic cavity. Having determined the size of the semicircle of the pipe, their diameter was calculated. The tendency to the predominance of the parameters of the outer diameter of the fallopian tubes in the second period of adulthood in comparison with the representatives of the first period of adulthood (p > 0.05) has been established. Thus, the outer diameter from the first period of adulthood to the second period at the isthmus site increases by 4.5 % in the right fallopian tube and by 6.25 % in the left fallopian tube, at the ampoule site - by 1 and 0.7 %, respectively, and at the funnel site - by 3.1 and 4.2 %, respectively. The tendency to the prevalence of parameters in each studied section of the right fallopian tube over similar ones in the left (p > 0.05) is determined. The results obtained during the sectional examination of the autopsy material can form the basis for studying the age-related anatomy of the fallopian tubes. The data form the basis for further clinical and morphological studies, as well as provide an understanding of the age characteristics of various sections of the fallopian tubes for the application of this information in practical medicine, for example, in the differential diagnosis of pathological conditions.