Female Patients In Terms Research Articles

Effects of lung resection on heart structure and function: A tissue Doppler ultrasound survey of 43cases.

Changes in heart structure and function after lung resection in patients with lung cancer are challenging to manage. Therefore, a non-invasive and reliable measurement tool to gauge such changes is critical. The purpose of the present study was to compare cardiological changes before and after lung resection using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). A total of 43 patients (19 men and 24 women) with primary non-small cell lung cancer (n=37) and metastatic cancer in the lungs (n=6) were enrolled in the study.nTDI was used to determine the thickness of the ascending aorta, the open size of the ascending valve, the anterior-oposterior diameters of the left atrium and left ventricle, and the thickness of the ventricular septum and right ventricle before and after lung resection. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), pulmonary valve flow rate, tricuspid annular or mitral leaflet tip early (E) peak/late (A) diastolic blood flow velocities, tricuspid regurgitation flow, the lateral mitral annulus early (e') diastolic velocity and mitral E/e' ratio were used to determine LV filling pressure. Results revealed no significant differences between male and female patients in terms of the open size of the ascending valve, the anterior-posterior diameter of the left ventricle and the mitral E/e' ratio. Significant differences were found in the width of the ascending aorta, anterior-posterior diameter of the left atrium, width of the LV septum and right ventricular (RV) diameter before and after lung resection. Finally, there were significantchanges in EF and tricuspid pressure. The results indicated that TDI was useful as a non-invasive method for assessing left and right heart function following lung resection. The LV and RV dimensions were affected, but LV filling pressure was preserved after lobectomy.

A Study of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among Children attending the Emergency Hospital in Zakho City Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Background: G6PD deficiency, which affects 400 million individuals globally, is an X-linked hereditary enzymopathy that causes acute hemolysis after exposure to specific oxidative agents such as fava beans, more than 37 drugs, and infections viral or bacterial. Neonatal jaundice worsened by kernicterus is one of the condition's significant consequences. It can be prevented by avoiding the oxidative factors that cause a hemolytic episode alongside neonatal screening programs for early detection of afflicted individuals. Objectives: This research aimed at investigating the variability in clinical and biochemical manifestations among children with G6PDD. This is the first study to be carried out in the Zakho area. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used, recruiting 112 children attending Zakho Emergency Hospital from January 2022 to April 2023. Laboratory aids involved in obtaining CBC, liver enzyme activities, and blood grouping were all investigated. The IBM SPSS 26 program was used to analyze the obtained data. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients in terms of age, time of admission, hemoglobin level, WBC count, and liver enzymes. The majority of cases who visited Zakho Emergency Hospital within 72 hours of exposure to the triggering agent were males (67.9%), with the most common clinical features being jaundice, dark urine, and abdominal pain. Conclusion: In this study, the three main symptoms in G6PD deficient patients with acute hemolysis were pallor, jaundice, and black urine. These signs appeared several hours or even days after consuming fava beans. The primary clinical symptoms and the patient's gender, family history, or prior newborn jaundice were not related, according to our research.

Sex disparities in clinicopathological features and outcomes of patients with myeloperoxidase-ANCA-associated vasculitis: a retrospective study of 366 cases in a single Chinese center.

There are a few studies that reported sex disparities in clinical features, pathological features and outcomes among ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, but studies focusing on sex-specific differences of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV patients are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze sex differences in clinicopathological features and outcomes of MPO-AAV. Patients diagnosed with MPO-AAV in Xiangya Hospital from January 2010 to June 2021 were included in the study and separated into female and male groups. The differences in clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, pathological features and prognosis between the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Three hundred and sixty-six patients were included and divided into female group (n = 176) and male group (n = 190). The age of the male group was 62.41 ± 10.49years, significantly higher than that of the female group (58.69 ± 16.39, p = 0.011). Compared with the female group, the male group had a shorter duration of disease, higher levels of hemoglobin, eosinophil count, proteinuria, serum C4, and lower levels of serum globulin, serum IgG and serum IgM (p < 0.05). No significant differences in kidney pathological features were observed between the two groups. During a median follow-up of 37.6months, there was no significant difference in renal survival and patient survival between the two groups, but male patients had a worse composite outcome of renal and patient survival compared with the female patients (p = 0.044). This study found that male patients with MPO-AAV had a higher age of onset, shorter duration of disease, higher levels of hemoglobin, eosinophil count, proteinuria, serum C4, and lower levels of serum globulin, serum IgG and serum IgM. Male patients fared worse than female patients in terms of the composite outcome of renal and patient survival.

Clinical Phenomenology of Fibromyalgia Syndrome in Male Patients: Same But Different

The majority of knowledge about fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) derives from studies of female patients. Little is known about the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of male patients with FMS. In this retrospective cohort study with a prospective posttreatment follow-up, we investigated whether male patients with FMS differ from female patients in terms of 1) symptom burden, 2) psychological characteristics, and 3) clinical treatment response. We identified 263 male (4%) out of 5,541 patients with FMS completing a 3-week multimodal pain-treatment program. Male patients (51.3 ± 9.1 years) were age- and time-matched (1:4) with female patients (N = 1,052, 51.3 ± 9.0 years). Data on clinical characteristics, psychological comorbidities, and treatment responses were obtained from medical records and validated questionnaires. Levels of perceived pain, psychological comorbidity, and functional capacity were similar between genders, although male patients with FMS showed a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse. Compared to female patients, male patients experienced themselves less often as overly accommodating (Cohen’s d = −.42) but more often as self-sacrificing (d = .26) or intrusive (d = .23). Regarding pain coping, male patients were less likely to utilize mental distraction, rest- and relaxation techniques, or counteractive activities (d = .18–.27). Male patients showed a slightly worse overall response rate than women (69% vs 77%), although differences between individual outcome measures were small (d < .2). Although male and female patients in our cohort were similar in clinical presentation and treatment response, the gender-specific differences in interpersonal problems and pain coping suggest consideration of these aspects in the treatment of male patients with FMS. PerspectiveKnowledge about fibromyalgia mostly derives from studies of female patients. Identifying and understanding gender-specific differences in fibromyalgia is an important roadmap in the treatment of this syndrome by focusing on specific gender aspects such as differences in interpersonal problems and pain coping mechanisms.

Comparison of outcome of male versus female laparoscopic cholecystectomy: BMI-adjusted prospective observational study

Background. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the choice of treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis and has replaced open cholecystectomy. Numerous studies and scoring system have been developed over the past 2–3 decades which predict the rate of conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. Recently, few scoring systems have been developed which incorporates various intraoperative findings to predict this conversion. No studies are available in literature to assess gender-specific and body weight complications in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy between male and female patients in terms of preoperative factors, intraoperative difficulties and rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy and common postoperative complications. Materials and methods. This non-randomized, prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India from June 2019 to May 2021. Various preoperative data was collected from the patients like age, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, comorbidity, indication for surgery, preoperative ultrasonography findings and any previous surgery. Surgeries in all patients were started with laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. The outcomes were measured in terms of time taken to complete surgery, whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy was converted to open cholecystectomy, common bile duct/cystic duct injury during surgery, common postoperative complications and average length of hospital stay in days. Results. A total of 300 patients were included in the study: 222 females and 78 males. Mean age of presentation in women was (46.45±11.55) years ranging from 21 to 71 years and in men (51.78±11.49) years ranging from 36 years to 76 years. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). The other significant preoperative differences between males and females were comorbidity (p=0.001) and previous surgeries (p=0.001). However, the ASA class under which the patients were operated was not significant (p=0.998). The various indications for surgery to include chronic cholecystitis, resolved acute cholecystitis, gallstone-induced pancreatitis and common bile duct stone had no statistical difference between men and women (p=0.072). Conclusions. This study concludes that intraoperative difficulties were more often in male patients as compared to females. The average operating time, conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and postoperative hospital stay were significantly higher in men than in women.

Sex and gender determinants following spinal fusion surgery: A systematic review of clinical data.

In the last decade, numerous studies analyzed and described the surgical outcomes in male and female patients submitted to orthopedic surgery. Although this, the impact of sex/gender on spinal fusion surgery clinical outcomes is still poorly defined. This review systematically maps and synthesizes the scientific literature on sex/gender differences in postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery. The search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in the last 22 years. Clinical studies evaluating potential sex/gender differences in postoperative outcomes and/or complications, as primary or secondary aim, were included and analyzed. Out of the 1,885 records screened, 47 studies were included. These studies comprised a total of 1,158,555 patients (51.31% female; 48.69% male). About 77% of the analyzed studies reported sex/gender-related differences in postoperative outcomes. Most studies treated patients for lumbar degenerative diseases and more than 55% of them reported a worse postoperative outcome in female patients in terms of pain, disability, health-related quality of life questionnaires, and complications. Differently, a significant heterogeneity across studies on patients treated for cervical and sacral degenerative diseases as well as for spinal deformity and traumatic spinal fracture prevented the understanding of specific sex/gender differences after spinal fusion surgery. Despite this, the present review highlighted those female patients treated for lumbar degenerative spine diseases could require more clinical awareness during postoperative care. The understanding of how sex/gender differences can really affect clinical outcomes after spinal fusion surgeries is mandatory for all spinal pathological conditions to drive clinical research toward oriented and personalized protocols.

The prevalence of the anatomical variation in a Turkish population: supernumerary muscle–anconeus epitrochlearis

The anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle is an accessory muscle located between the medial cortex of the olecranon and the inferior surface of the medial epicondyle, posterior to the ulnar nerve. This muscle may compress the ulnar nerve causing a clinical neuropathy. We aimed to determine the gender and side characteristics of the AE muscle in patients who underwent elbow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and report its prevalence in a Turkish population. A total of 209 patients (210 elbows) who underwent elbow MRI between January and December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Cases with the AE muscle were included in the study. The craniocaudal (CC) dimension was examined from the coronal section, and the transverse (TR) and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions from the axial sections. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the presence of the AE muscle and age, gender, and side (right/left). Differences between sexes and sides in terms of muscle sizes were evaluated using statistical tests. The AE muscle was detected in 17 patients (18 elbows) (8.1%). The mean age of the patients was 41.52 ± 14.63years. There was no statistically significant difference between the male and female patients in terms of age. This accessory muscle was found in nine female (9.8%) and eight male (6.3%) patients in total. There was one (0.5%) patient with the bilateral AE muscle, who was female. The accessory muscle was located in the right elbow in 13 patients (10.71%), and left elbow in five (4.10%). It was more common in the right elbow in both genders. The muscle was larger in the male patients and the right elbow, but this was not statistically significant. The prevalence of the AE muscle was determined to be 8.1% in a Turkish population, and this muscle was more common among the women and in the right elbow.

Gender differences in demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with HBV-related liver diseases in China.

BackgroundThe gender differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were examined in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver diseases.MethodsOverall, 634 patients (44.7 ± 13.8 years) were consecutively included. Data of demographic and clinical characteristics were collected during an assessment interview. Comparisons between male and female patients in terms of demographic and clinical data were carried out using univariate analyses. The independent associations between the demographic and clinical variables and gender were examined with either logistic regression or analysis of covariance as appropriate.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 452 male and 182 female patients. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that being employed (OR = 3.4), personal monthly income <3,000 yuan (OR = 0.3), being current alcohol users (OR = 6.4), Cirrhosis (OR = 5.9), Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) (OR = 8.5) and having less severe insomnia (OR = 0.6) were independently associated with male gender. The analysis of covariance revealed that after controlling for other potential confounding variables, later onset of HBV-related diseases (F = 4.5, p = 0.03) and older age (F = 6.7, p = 0.009) were independently associated with male gender.ConclusionsGiven the significant clinical differences in male and female patients with HBV-related liver diseases, more attention should be given to gender-specific treatment and prevention for this population.

Identification of symptom clusters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Symptom cluster refers to a group of 3 or more related symptoms that occur together. Our objectives were to: (1) investigate the frequency, severity and gender difference of symptoms in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS); and (2) identify symptom clusters in AS patients. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted using the Patient Health Questionnaire Symptoms Group combined with self-designed variables. Demographic and symptom variables between male and female patients in terms of C-reactive protein (CRP) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 status were analyzed with 2-tailed independent t test for continuous variables and Chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Symptom clusters were extracted and analyzed by principal component analysis. There were 122 AS patients included in the study. The most severe symptoms included severe back pain, extremity or joint pain, difficulty in breathing, constipation, intestine discomfort and diarrhea. Stomachache was more prevalent in male patients in which odds ratio was 4.60 (CI 1.59-12.97) (P=.006). Patients with HLA-B27 negativity or a higher CRP value were more likely to have dry mouth. Four symptom clusters were classified, which explained 58.4% of the total variation. They were named as the gastrointestinal-cardiac cluster, the fatigue-sleep disturbance cluster, the headache-chest pain cluster, and the mouth-eye cluster. The symptoms appeared to cluster into 4 groups in AS patients, which should be noticed in clinical care.

Native Thiol, Total Thiol, and Dynamic Disulfide Profile in Patients with Gastrointestinal System Cancer

This study aims to evaluate the use of serum native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), and dynamic disulfide (DD) levels as biomarkers in patients with gastrointestinal system (GIS) cancer with different cancer types by comparing with healthy controls. A total of 108 subjects consisting of68 patients with GIS cancer and 40 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study. Serum NT, TT, and DD levels were measured by an automated method developed by Erel. There was a statistically significant difference between NT levels of GIS cancer and the control group (P = 0.001). However, there were no significant differences between male and female patients in terms of serum NT levels (P = 0.08). Similarly, no significant difference was observed when comparing serum NT levels among GIS cancer types (P = 0.886). The serum TT levels were statistically significant difference (P = 0.013) in GIS cancer, 141.82 ± 48.24 μmol/l (12.7-243.9) compare to the control group, 166.03 ± 56.23 μmol/l (12.7-326.8). When the serum TT and DD levels of the patients were compared according to gender, no significant difference was found (P = 0.243 and P = 0.362, respectively). In addition, the TT levels were not significantly difference among GIS malignancies (P = 0.765). When the patient and control groups were compared in terms of DD levels, no statistically significant difference was found (P = 0.378). In conclusion, it was determined that some parameters differ statistically between patients with GIS cancer and healthy controls. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between the thiol/disulfide balance with GIS cancer. This result suggests that oxidative stress may play a role in the development of the GIS cancer, consistent with the findings in this study, but not in terms of DD levels.

Comparative Clinical Study of Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration and Testicular Biopsy in the Outcome of ICSI-Assisted Fertility Treatment in Patients with Obstructive Azoospermia.

ObjectiveTo compare and contrast the effects of percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) on the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-assisted fertility treatment in patients with obstructive azoospermia.MethodsPatients with obstructive azoospermia with an age distribution of 20–36 years admitted to the male department of the Reproductive Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University (Hengyang Nanhua Xing Hui Reproductive Health Hospital) from December 2018 to December 2020 were used in this study. One group was set up as the PESA group to perform PESA, and the other group was set up as the TESA group to perform percutaneous testicular biopsy for sperm extraction. Patients who were unsuccessful in PESA continued to undergo TESA, and if sperm were retrieved, they were classified as the TESA group. General information on male patients and their partners was collected and compared in patients from different sperm source groups. Embryo development (normal fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, and high-quality blastocyst rate) and pregnancy outcome (clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and ectopic pregnancy rate) were compared between the two groups.ResultsFinally, there were 26 patients in the PESA group and 31 patients in the TESA group. There were no significant differences in terms of age, years of infertility, testosterone level, (FSH) follicle-stimulating hormone level, and testicular volume between the male patients in the PESA and TESA groups of two different sperm sources, and no significant differences were found in the general conditions of the female patients in terms of age, number of eggs obtained, number of sinus follicles, basal FSH value, and basal E2 value (p > 0.05). The rate of high-quality blastocysts in the TESA group was significantly higher than that in the PESA group (p < 0.05); the differences in clinical normal fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and ectopic pregnancy rate between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).ConclusionICSI with different sources of sperm in patients with male factor infertility alone, which had no significant effect on embryo development, embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate, resulting in better clinical outcomes.

Clinical analysis of gender and pre-existing diabetes mellitus in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica: A retrospective study in a Japanese population.

This study clarifies the involvement of gender and pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) in the clinical characteristics of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). The clinical records of patients diagnosed with PMR in our department between January 2011 and June 2021, especially in terms of gender and DM were retrospectively analysed. We identified 89 patients with the median age of 75.37 cases were men and 52 cases were women. Pre-existing DM was found in 21 patients (23.6%). Male PMR patients exhibited a higher complication rate of pre-existing DM and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at diagnosis (p = .04 and p < .01, respectively) than female patients, and men were more common in the patient group with pre-existing DM (p = .04). The CRP levels of male PMR patients without pre-existing DM were higher than female PMR patients without pre-existing DM. Male PMR patients might have a varying pathophysiology from female patients in terms of high inflammation levels accompanied by a high prevalence rate of pre-existing DM and need a gender-specific approach.

Morphometric Examinations of Internal Carotid Arteries of Patients with Hypertension and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Radio Anatomic Study Based on Computed Tomography Angiography Findings.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the morphological features of A.carotis interna (ICA) and symptoms affecting cerebral blood circulation including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT). In this study, retrospective morphometric analysis of ICA measurements from 100 patients (45-60 years old) was performed on Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) images. The images were divided into four groups: patients with HT (group 1), patients with T2DM (group 2), patients with HT and T2DM (group 3), and healthy control group (group 4). Length and diameter measurements of the cervical, petrous, cavernous and terminal segments of the ICA were made by using 3D CTA images and recorded. The measurements of the male and female patients were compared by Mann Whitney-U test and the the groups were compared by using Kruskall Wallis H test. It was found that, there were statistically significant differences between male and female patients in terms of right and left petrous, cavernous and terminal segments of the ICA in Group 1, right and left cervical left cavernous in Group 3, left cervical, right and left petrous, cavernous and right cavernous in Group 4 (p 0.05). According to the Kruskall Wallis H test analysis results, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the patients in 4 groups for all segment measurements (p 0.05). As a result; It was determined that ICA was more affected by hypertension than diabetes. In addition, we think that being knowledgeable of morphometric measurements of ICA will guide the radio-anatomical evaluations and increase the level of microanatomical knowledge in surgical treatment.

Presurgical Assessment of Anatomical Landmark Position Using Two Views of Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Comparative Radiological Study.

Cone beam computerized computed tomography (CBCT) has been widely indicated in dental implant procedure. The first step that the doctors should perform in local hospitals is to use orthopantomography for surgical planning to avoid and limit the risk of complications. As a result, determining the magnification amount of orthopantomography to achieve a precise diagnosis is clinically important. This study investigated the difference in measurement of the mental foramen (MF) position before dental surgery using 2 views of CBCT. Cone beam computed tomography scan was performed for 100 patients who required implant placement. In the panoramic and three-dimensional views of CBCT, the vertical distance between the margin of the mandible and the lower border of MF, and the horizontal distance between the mandibular symphysis and the mesial anterior border of MF were calculated. The differences between the 2 views were compared using Wilcoxon-rank U test with P value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. The findings of this study showed a substantial statistical difference in the horizontal distance for the dentate patients in panoramic and three-dimensional views (22.7 ± 3.04 versus 21.1 ± 1.6), (22.5 ± 2.4 versus 20.9 ± 1.5) and left side (22.4 ± 2.8 versus 21.2 ± 1.6), (22.4 ± 2.8 versus 20.6 ± 1.4) of both genders. Concerning the vertical distance, a significant difference was also observed in the dentate (12.1 ± 2.1 versus 11.1 ± 1.4), (10.6 ± 1.4 versus 9.6 ± 1.3) and left side of the jaw (11.6 ± 1.95 versus 10.9 ± 1.2), (10.5 ± 1.2 versus 9.96 ± 1.4) for both genders in both views. In the edentulous and right side of the jaw, however no statistical difference was observed between male and female patients in terms of horizontal and vertical measurements.

Normal Values and Associated Factors in High-resolution Anorectal Manometry in Healthy Vietnamese Adults

Abstract Introduction The present study aims to identify normal high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) values and related factors in healthy Vietnamese adults. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Viet Duc hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, during April and May 2019. Healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in the study. Anorectal measurement values from the digestive tract, including pressure, were recorded. Results A total of 76 healthy volunteers were recruited. The mean functional anal canal length was 4.2 ± 0.5 cm, while the mean anal high-pressure zone length was 3.4 ± 0.5 cm. The mean defecation index was 1.4 ± 0.8, with values ranging from 0.3 to 5.0. The mean threshold volume to elicit the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) was 18.1 mL. The mean rectal sensation values were 32.4 mL, 81.6 mL, and 159 mL for first sensation, desire to defecate, and urge to defecate, respectively. Dyssynergic patterns occurred in ∼ 50% of the study participants and included mainly types I (27.6%) and III (14.6%). There were significant differences between male and female patients in terms of maximum anal squeeze pressure, maximum anal cough pressure, maximum anal strain pressure, maximum rectal cough pressure, and maximum rectal strain pressure (all p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions The present study establishes normal HRAM values in healthy Vietnamese adults, particularly regarding normal values of anorectal pressure and rectal sensation. Further studies that include larger sample sizes should be conducted to further confirm the constants and their relationships.

Factors affecting activities of daily living, physical balance, and prosthesis adjustment in non-traumatic lower limb amputees.

Objectives This study aims to identify the factors affecting the activities of daily living, balance, and prosthesis satisfaction in patients with non-traumatic lower limb amputation (LLA). Patients and methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 195 patients (120 males, 75 females; mean age 65.9±11.6 years; range, 40 to 90 years) who underwent LLA between January 2009 and April 2017. All patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, amputation etiology, side, level, comorbidity, length of hospital stay, prosthesis adjustment, ambulation level, functional outcome, and complications. Prosthesis adjustment, physical balance ability, and daily living activities were assessed using the Turkish versions of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales (TAPES), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale (NEADLS), respectively. Results There was no significant difference between male and female patients in terms of prosthesis and amputation adaptation, physical balance, and activities of daily living. The BBS, TAPES, and NEADLS scores were lower in the patients aged over 65 years (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). Prosthesis and amputation adaptation, physical balance, and daily living activities were also worse in this age group. Transfemoral amputees had lower BBS, TAPES, and NEADLS scores than the transtibial amputees (p=0.009, p=0.020, and p=0.004, respectively). Prosthesis and amputation adaptation, physical balance, and daily living activities were worse in the transfemoral amputees. Conclusion Age and amputation level affect physical balance, prosthesis satisfaction, and daily living activities after non-traumatic LLA. Therefore, orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists should conduct a multidisciplinary evaluation, particularly in patients aged over 65 years and in transfemoral amputees to improve outcomes.

Cutaneous manifestations in hospitalized patients diagnosed as COVID ‐19

Cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19 disease have not yet been fully described. To describe cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19 disease in hospitalized patients. We examined the cutaneous manifestations of 210 hospitalized patients. Cutaneous findings were observed during COVID‐19 infection in 52 of the patients. Lesions may be classified as erythematous scaly rash (32.7%), maculopapular rash (23%), urticarial lesions (13.5%), petechial purpuric rash (7.7%), necrosis (7.7%), enanthema and apthous stomatitis (5.8%), vesicular rash (5.8%), pernio (1.9%), and pruritus (1.9%). Cutaneous manifestations were observed statistically significantly more in certain age groups: patients of 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years of age complained of more cutaneous manifestations than the other age groups. As for gender, there was no significant difference between male and female patients in terms of cutaneus findings. The relationship between comorbidity and dermatological finding status was statistically significant. The relationship increases linearly according to the comorbidities. According to the statistical results, the patients who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit had a higher risk of having cutaneous findings due to COVID‐19 infection. With this study, we may highlight the importance of overlooked dermatological findings in patients that are hospitalized.

A new model to prognosticate man breast cancer in China.

e15579 Background: Male breast cancer is rare, and much of our understandings in this disease is still extrapolated from data in women with breast cancer. However, it has been suggested that male breast cancer may exist different etiology and biology from female by comparing the results of 21-gene Breast Recurrence Score (RS). However, the patient cohorts of these studies involved mainly patients being identified as Caucasian. Racial and ethnic disparities exist in genetic and biological factors that could influence the disease. A new model RecurIndex, based on a genomic database from RNA expression of Asian patients predominantly, is mainly developed for predicting the distant metastasis (DM) in female Breast cancer patients. We aim to validate whether this model can prognosticate male breast cancer in China. Methods: A total of 23 male patients with breast cancer were enrolled in a retrospective study in the single medical center. Kaplan-Meier survival curves was used to calculate the survival rate. The primary endpoint was relapse free survival (RFS)。Differences between male and female patients in terms of individual mRNA expression level were also determined. Results: Among the 23 patients enrolled in this study, Recurindex classified 11 patients as low risk 12 patients as high risk in distant metastasis respectively. When the low- and high-risk groups according to the Recurindex results were compared, there were only significant different in lymph node stage among individual clinical factors. 16 Patients with follow-up information which were stratified in DM low risk group have higher survival probability than high risk group. Mean quantitative gene expression of Recurindex signatures comparison between 16 men and 267 women patients reveals gene expression differences in numbers of gene. Conclusions: Based on genetic profiling assay specific designed for Asian population, the current study exhibits some different genetic features of male breast cancer. Our multigene signatures may also be utilized by male patient.

A Prospective Study to Compare the Perioperative Oral Duloxetine and Gabapentin for Postoperative Quality of Recovery in Female Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Gynecological Surgeries

Background: Continuous efforts are being taken to provide better postoperative quality of recovery especially in female patients in terms of both physical and emotional parameters after surgery and anaesthesia. Method: The present study was carried out in 70 female patients of ASA Grade I &amp; II between the age group of 20-50 years scheduled to undergo lower abdominal surgery. They were randomly divided into two groups of 35 patients each to receive either table t duloxetine 60 mg or gabapentin 900 mg orally 3 hours prior to surgery and repeated 24 hours later with the same dose. Results: Both the groups were comparable regarding mean age and weight of the patients (Table I). There was highly significant difference in both mean and median values of quality of recovery in both the groups with better scores in the gabapentin group. The mean opioid requirement in group A was 2.83±1.20 and in group B was 1.90±1.04 which was also highly significant, p value 0.0009. Regarding patient satisfaction 54.28% patients in gabapentin group showed excellent satisfaction as compared to 28.50% patients in duloxetine group, p value 0.057. Side effects were observed more in Group A Conclusion: Gabpentin should be considered as an effective strategy for improving the postoperative quality of recovery and reducing the post-surgical narcotic consumption and related side effects.

Estimation of the Serum Concentration Levels of Ferritin and Vitamin D for Hypothyroid Patients.

The paper investigates the serum concentration levels and the association between the levels of ferritin or vitamin D with thyroid dysfunction in Hypothyroid Patients. 90 participants were involved in this study; 47 healthy people (controls) (18 males and 29 females) and 43 hypothyroid patients (16 males and 27 females). Both groups have a mean age (age ± standard error) and body mass index (BMI) (BMI ± standard error) of 34.36. ± 1.19 years and 27.55± 0.52 kg/m2, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the age of participants played an ignorable role in this investigation (P ?0.05), while significant differences were noticed between the patients and controls (P <0.05) in terms of BMI, 25(OH) vit D, ferritin, TSH, T3 and T4. There was also a significant difference (P<0.05) between male and female patients in terms of ferritin, TSH, T3 and T4 in comparison with the controls.