Authors Research Articles

Abstract 4136398: Gender Disparities Absent in Citation Metrics and Online Attention Across Thoracic Surgery Publications

Introduction: A recent study by Women As One highlighted the prevalence of “MANuscripts” (publications authored solely by men) and their potential impact on equity in academic promotions within cardiology. The study revealed notable differences in citation rates and online attention between publications in cardiology journals led by male and female authors. To further explore these disparities, we examined publications in prominent thoracic surgery journals. Hypothesis: Thoracic surgery publications where women hold key authorship roles (primary and senior) receive lower citations and online attention compared to those with men as leading authors. Methods: We analyzed data from peer-reviewed publications in 2019 from two high-impact thoracic surgery journals: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery and The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Citation metrics and Altmetric Attention Scores (AAS) were sourced from Google Scholar paired with the Altmetric Google Chrome extension. Citation rates, AAS, and names of primary and senior authors were manually collected between September 22, 2023 and December 21, 2023. The genders of key authors were determined using Genderize, a gender-determination software, supplemented by manual searches for authors not detected by the software. A minimal number of publications were excluded if either their AAS or citation metrics were unavailable. Significant differences in the data were analyzed using one-sided Mann-Whitney U-tests. Results: Of the 1,482 authors included in the analysis, 18.4% were females in primary or senior roles. Our analysis found no significant differences in citation rates or AAS between male and female primary authors (p=0.09 and p=0.31, respectively), or between male and female senior authors (p=0.48 and p=0.38, respectively). Furthermore, after combining the data of male primary and senior authors and comparing it to the combined data of female primary and senior authors, no significant discrepancies were found for both citations (p=0.13) and AAS (p=0.28). Conclusion: Contrary to analyses of cardiology journals, our data from thoracic surgery articles does not indicate a gender disparity between male and female authors in terms of citations and online attention. While this does not definitively rule out the presence of inequity in thoracic surgery research, it suggests that male-authored manuscripts may not be a primary source of gender disparity in this field.

Thirty-five years of the French Association of Urologists in Training (AFUF) a scoping review and bibliometric analysis of scientific literature conducted by urologists in training.

The objective of this scoping review was to identify the topics of research and the types of studies published by the French Association of Urologists in Training (AFUF) since it was created, 35 years ago and to perform a bibliometric analysis. A scoping review on PubMed, Google scholar, Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE) was conducted from 1989 until the 31st of December 2023. The PRISMA extended guidelines for scoping reviews were followed. Articles were independently screened and analyzed by two reviewers. The theme type, primary results, language of publication, number of male and female authors and number of citations from each included article were extracted. A total of 32 articles were included among which 17 surveys and 11 cohort studies. There was a median percentage of 20% women among authors. Fifteen articles (47%) were published in French and 17 articles in English. The median number of citations was 4.5. The topics covered were urologist in training's surgical education, well-being, professional practice, and urologic emergencies: renal trauma and spermatic cord torsion. The creation of large national databases enabled the generation of multiple studies focusing on previously under-represented topics. Over the 35 years since it was created, The AFUF has had an interesting and prolific scientific output. It has shown its concerns for urologists in training.

Breaking the chains: women’s writing against patriarchy in Saudi narratives

ABSTRACT Patriarchy in the Arab, mainly Saudi culture, is charged with complexities and contradictions as it thrives on the instrumentalisation of strict religious discourses and social norms, which are often used to legitimize the patriarchal oppression of women and the denial of their rights. This article examines patriarchy in two Saudi novels, one written by a male author and the other by a female author within their contexts: Hend and the Soldiers and Ikhtīlas. It also seeks to distinguish between patriarchal norms and Islamic teachings. The analyses draw on Islamic feminist theory, benefit from its cultural and literary dimensions that align with the Saudi context, and use an interdisciplinary approach; the study explores how women’s writing strategies in the selected novels challenge sociocultural and patriarchal perceptions and stereotypes of Saudi women’s roles and status and seek change in the male-dominated Saudi sociocultural system. The article challenged stereotypes of Saudi women by emphasizing their diversity and complexity. It also showed that women’s issues are universal concepts that can be expressed in ways that respect different cultural contexts.

The Evolution of the Representation of Female Authorship on Film: From Romantic Genius to Demotic Author

The Evolution of the Representation of Female Authorship on Film: From Romantic Genius to Demotic Author

COMMON VALENCES Combinatorial play, subversion and otherness in the works of Péter Esterházy

This paper examines gender stereotypes and gender subversions and how otherness is represented in three works by Péter Esterházy. The libretto and prose of Daisy is set in the linguistic space of a transvestite bar, and since its essential component is the radically appropriated quotation, it can be said that the author actually constructs tabloid otherness from domesticity. The dynamics of the mask and performative gestures are as important as the disorientation of the texts’ directions of movement. Esterházy’s text (Seventeen Swans), written under the pseudonym Lili Csokonai, is also far more than a play on fictional female authorship: the work is also permeated by discourses of otherness and identity. The archaic use of language also initiates a dialogue with socio-cultural models of acceptance, inclusion and difference. The homosexually charged interjection in a bizarre scene from Esterházy’s last work, The Pancreatic Cancer Diary, becomes a tragicomic image of the radical narcissism of facing death.

Long-term trends of publications in journal of neuro-oncology: a bibliographic study of a core journal in the field of neuro-oncology.

The Journal of Neuro-Oncology (JNO), established in 1983, plays a key role in publishing research on brain and spinal cord tumors. This study examines JNO's publication trends, focusing on country and gender representation to highlight its global impact. Statistical analyses were conducted using R. Gender of the first authors was predicted using a gender-guesser, and author affiliations were used to determine publication countries. We introduced a novel Country-Related Diversity (CRD) index to assess the JNO's representativeness, comparing a country's JNO publications to its overall neurosurgical output. An index value of 1 indicates proportional representation. The JNO corpus, spanning from 1983 to 2024, comprises 8,154 documents with an average document age of 14.4 years. The average citation count per document is 28.71, with a rate of 2.16 citations per document per year. JNO's scientific output has grown significantly, peaking at 397 articles in 2011, with a long-term annual growth rate of 3.7%. The keyword analysis highlights "glioblastoma" as the most frequent term, reflecting the journal's neuro-oncological focus. Geographically, the U.S. led with 2,535 articles (40.1%), followed by China and Germany. International collaboration rose steadily, with multi-country publications increasing from 4.76% in 1983 to 20.98% in 2024. Analyzing contributions from different countries showed a converging CRD index toward 1 (P < 0.01), with U.S. and non-U.S. countries trending similarly. Upper-middle-income countries displayed fluctuating CRD patterns, whereas lower-middle-income countries lagged behind. Authorship analysis showed an increasing trend in co-authorship (P < 0.01), with the average number of authors per paper reaching 10.4 by 2024. Gender representation revealed a growing number of female first and senior authors, although males still dominate. By 2024, 32.9% of first authors and 21.6% of senior authors were female, signaling a gradual trend toward gender parity (P < 0.01). The CRD index offers a standardized measure of country-specific research representation in the JNO. The convergence towards 1 reflects balanced international representation. JNO publication also reflects a trend toward gender equity, with a notable rise in female first authors, enhancing global research inclusivity.

Identifying Trends in the Most Cited Nursing Articles: Research Topics, Author Gender Representation and Characteristics Correlated With Citation Counts.

To assess the top 1000 cited nursing articles in terms of their impact, conceptual and social characteristics. Bibliometric literature review design. A bibliometric analysis on the 1000 most cited nursing articles in English, focusing on assessing their impact and prevalent terms, keywords, co-occurrence networks and topic trends. Non-parametric statistical tests were used. Web of Science Core Collection (accessed 14 February 2024). The 1000 most cited articles were exported from 201,310 eligible articles. The most cited articles received a total of 319,643 citations. The Journal of Advanced Nursing and the International Journal of Nursing Studies were the most cited journals. Literature reviews accounted for 21% of the most cited articles, compared to only 7% of all eligible articles. Most first authors were female, 63%. The data showed an increase in female first authorship among the most cited articles over time. This may reflect a shift towards greater gender equity in nursing research. Shorter article titles and fewer article pages were associated with more citations. Methodological and conceptual articles received the most citations, likely due to their broad applicability (e.g., across disciplines) and enduring relevance. There was a statistically significant correlation between article brevity and citation count, but the relationship should be viewed with caution given the small effect size. Bibliometrics is important for evidence-based practice because it helps nurses evaluate journals, articles and research topics. Since citation counts do not always indicate research quality, nurses and nursing students would benefit from training in bibliometrics to enhance their critical thinking in this area. Top-cited nursing articles indicate influential research topics and methods. They also influence authors' academic career opportunities, allowing assessment of research equity in terms of dominant countries and author gender representation. The Preferred Reporting Items for Bibliometric Analysis (PRIBA) guidelines. No Patient or Public Contribution.

Gender Representation in Class Ten Nepali Language Textbook

The present study is based on the analysis of gender representation in textbook. It aims to analyze the situation of gender representation in the texts included in the grade X compulsory Nepali textbook of CDC, GON Nepal. Qualitative framework has been adopted in this study. After an in-depth study of the lessons of the Nepali textbook of grade X, the data has been noted and tabulated. For this, the paradigms created by Logsdon (1985) for the analysis of gender representation have been made a basis. It has been analyzed using the textual method. Out of the seventeen texts included in the textbook of class ten, only one text is written by a female author. In terms of occupation, women are shown only in a limited field compared to men. Examples, contexts and events include a wide range of masculine names and a limited range of feminine names. Overall, it is seen that the textbook is not balanced in terms of gender representation. This study has guided the revision of this book in the future to maintain a balance in it and to pay attention to the role of textbooks in developing the sense of gender equality in children.

Progress in physical activity research, policy, and surveillance in Canada: The global observatory for physical activity – GoPA!

BackgroundThe purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of physical activity research and the comprehensiveness of national physical activity policies and surveillance systems in Canada.MethodsA systematic review was conducted by the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA! ) on physical activity and health publications between 1950 and 2019. Findings from Canada were extracted and included in the present analysis. The number of articles published, female researcher involvement in authorship, author institution affiliations, and publication themes were examined. Policies were evaluated by determining if there was a standalone physical activity plan and if national guidelines existed. Surveillance systems were assessed for periodicity, instruments used, and age inclusivity.ResultsOut of 23,000 + publications analyzed worldwide; 1,962 included data collected in Canada. Physical activity research in Canada increased considerably from the 2000s to 2010s (543 articles vs. 1,288 articles), but an apparent stabilization has been observed more recently. Most physical activity publications in Canada focused on surveillance (37%), with fewer articles on policy (8%) and interventions (7%). The proportion of female first authors increased from 38% in the 1980s to 60% in the last decade. However, females remain the minority for senior authors. With respect to policy, “A Common Vision” is Canada’s national plan, which has a singular policy focus on physical activity. National surveillance data is collected regularly with both the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) and the Canadian Community Health Survey. In addition to self-report, the CHMS also collects accelerometer data from participants.ConclusionThrough collaborative and coordinated action, Canada remains well equipped to tackle physical inactivity. Continued efforts are needed to enhance sustained awareness of existing physical activity promotion resources to increase physical activity.

Editorial diversity correlates with journal impact factor and author diversity in cardiothoracic surgery.

While there are no widely accepted diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) metrics for journals, geographic and sex diversity across a journal's editorial board may provide a surrogate measure of its commitment to DEI. We explored the association between journal quality and DEI metrics for cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) journals and investigated whether editorial diversity correlates with diversity across published articles. We collected the following data for 30 CTS journals: country of publication (categorized by income level), journal quality metrics (citation-based metrics, e.g., impact factor (IF) or H-index), and sex and geographic representation across editorial boards and published articles. Bivariate correlations between numeric variables were assessed using Spearman's correlation. Female representation across editorial boards was 12.1%. Most editorial board members belonged to the United States (35.2%), with only 7.4% from the lower-middle-income countries and 0% from low-income countries. IF showed a strong positive correlation with female editorial representation (r=0.70) but an inverse correlation with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) editorial representation (r=-0.45). Female editorial representation demonstrated a significant positive correlation with female first authorship (r=0.45), whereas LMIC editorial representation correlated strongly with LMIC corresponding authorship (r=0.85). Women and researchers from LMICs are in the minority across editorial boards of CTS journals. However, a strong correlation between journal H-index and female editorial representation indicates that top-ranked journals are spearheading efforts to improve equitable sex-based and gender representations. Similar efforts are required to ensure more global geographic representation across editorial boards and top-ranked CTS journals are the best placed to lead by example.

A 20-year analysis of gender trends in oncology authorship in the Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

The objective of this study was to evaluate global longitudinal publication trends in oncology in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) from 2001-2020. Retrospective bibliometric analysis. The primary outcome measures were the numbers and percentages of women as first, last, and corresponding author across all CDSR oncology publications. Additional outcomes included authorship differences between countries and percentages of women authors over time compared using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. In total, 548 articles were analyzed. Women were first authors in 52.26% (n=277) and corresponding authors in 50.75% (n=272), respectively. Women represented only 39.4% (n=210) of last authors, significantly less frequent than male counterparts (p < 0.001). The percentage of women last and corresponding authors has increased significantly in the past 20 years (p < 0.05). Countries such as the Netherlands and Australia consistently showed equitable representation in first, corresponding, and last authorship, while other countries such as Italy and China had uniformly low rates of female authorship. Our results highlight patterns of gender inequity in oncology publication authorship in the CDSR from 2001-2020 at a global level. Notably, women were less likely to serve in the last author position which, independent of assigned corresponding authorship, is generally assumed in academic oncology to designate the leader of a published study. Substantive efforts to correct this disparity are needed to achieve gender parity in publicly perceived leadership in oncology publications.

Female images in Fet’s poems edited by Turgenev

The article sets out to reconstruct Turgenev’s objective in revising a collection of Fet’s poems to be published in 1856. 19th-c. censorship restricted the scope of literature approved for women’s reading, although the restrictions were circumvented where possible. Turgenev took an interest in literature produced by contemporary female authors, introduced characters of women writers and poets in his books, and may have tried to influence female audiences’ reading trends. Preparing the 1856 collection, Turgenev revised its structure compared to the 1850 edition, with the effect of emphasizing female characters and the theme of a woman’s feelings and love. Further changes concerned descriptions of women’s love-induced desires. Turgenev edited out their first-person expression, as well as explicit depictions of a woman’s body; at the same time, he kept first-person descriptions of divination by a lyrical heroine, as well as accounts of love and lovers’ assignations through the eyes of a male lyrical hero. However, such a revision of female images, with their subjectivity and sensuousness, clashed with Fet’s own objective stated in the poem ‘The Muse’ and earlier editions of his poems.

Gender diversity and research productivity in accounting and finance at Australian and New Zealand HEIs

ABSTRACT This study has two main objectives. First, it refreshes investigations into research productivity within the accounting and finance domains across Australian and New Zealand higher education institutions from 2011 to 2022. Second, it reflects on affirmative action in Australia, arguing that its impact on women's experiences should extend beyond mere numerical measures. Analysing 48 top journals reveals a steady increase in research output with notable contributions from the University of New South Wales, Monash University, the University of Sydney, the University of Melbourne, and the University of Queensland. Authors with five or more publications rank in the top 5%, highlighting the difficulty of achieving prolific publishing. Significantly, gender diversity improved, with female authorship rising from 19.27% to 31.73%, indicating a shift towards more inclusive research environments. However, a persistent gender gap among highly published authors suggests ongoing challenges. The study also examines job mobility among top contributors, offering insights into career progression within the academic community. Overall, the findings provide new insights into research productivity, the impact of affirmative action on gender diversity, and career mobility within the academic field of accounting and finance..

Gender, Racial, and Academic Authorship Diversity in the Otolaryngology Clinical Trial Literature.

To investigate the state and trajectory of gender, racial, and academic authorship diversity in the otolaryngology clinical trial literature over the past 2 decades. Bibliometric analysis. Otolaryngology clinical trial literature. Clinical trials published in the 9 major otolaryngology journals between 2000 and 2020 were included. The gender, race, and academic seniority of the first, senior, and corresponding authors were recorded for each trial. Multivariable regression models assessed the temporal trajectory of authorship diversity over time and the disparity in citations across author characteristics. Models adjusted for relevant confounders pertaining to publication environment and study design. Among 2117 trials, first, senior, and corresponding authors have been predominantly White (60%-64%), male (76%-80%), and attending physicians (63%-69%). Trials led by Black (<1%) and Hispanic (<5%) authors were severely underrepresented. Over time, the representation of female (adj. β 0.8%, 95% CI [0.5%, 1.1%] per year), Asian (1.0% [0.7%, 1.3%] per year), and MD resident (0.4% [0.1%, 0.7%] per year) first authorship increased, but representation of female (0.2% [-0.1%, 0.5%] per year), Black (0% [-0.03%, 0.02%] per year), Hispanic (-0.2% [-0.33%, -0.02%] per year) senior authorship remained persistently low. Asian-led trials were cited significantly less compared to White-led trials even after adjusting for study design and publication year (aIRR 0.82 [0.73, 0.92]). Despite promising signs of improving authorship diversity over time, persistent underrepresentation of female, Black, Hispanic senior authorship underscore the need for additional efforts to diversify the otolaryngology clinical science workforce.

Scholarly impact of student authorship in urology research

BackgroundH-index is an indicator of research productivity considered in faculty promotion. We examine trends in female authorship and effect of student authorship on H-index of principal investigators (PI). MethodsAuthor gender, degree, designation as student, PI, or other, were recorded from Journal of Endourology from 2011 to 2020. PI Scopus H-index was recorded. PIs were classified into having student authors (SA) or not (nSA). Analysis conducted with IBM SPSS. ResultsOf 819 total articles, 26 ​% had SA. Articles with SAs increased from 22.2 ​% in 2011 to 31.1 ​% in 2020 (p for trend<0.01). There was an increasing trend in female authorship overall (R2 ​= ​0.84). PIs with SA had a significantly higher mean H-index than those without, across all years (SA ​= ​30.91, nSA ​= ​27.45, p ​= ​0.025). ConclusionsStudent authorship is increasing and positively benefits PI H-index. Female authorship is increasing overall within urology. Encouraging mentorship and student research can enhance and support female student interest in urology.

Imaginary Worlds and Child Readers at Kurrajong Heights in the 1890s

ABSTRACT While authors of the late 19th century may have been concerned with the production of a masculinist boy, the borrowing patterns of a group of children at a Sunday-school library in Australia show a far more fluid approach to reading and to gender. The children of the emerging Presbyterian middle class at Kurrajong Heights approached their library with imagination and originality. Girls were interested in the practicalities of work and engineering, while boys inhabited more imaginary worlds. There were staggered and overlapping ideas of what it was to be male or female. Borrowing records introduce the complex and confused world of lower middle-class female authors and their influence in making boys and girls.

Gendered Authorship of the Female Identity: A Gynocritical Comparative Study between Norwegian Wood and the God of Small Things

The paper seeks to elucidate the differences in the representation of women in male- and female-authored texts, specifically analyzing Haruki Murakami’s Norwegian Wood and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Numerous critics over the years have noted that male and female authors often portray femininity in markedly different ways. While male authors tend to perpetuate prejudiced or stereotypical views of women, female authors, drawing from their direct experiences of womanhood, provide more authentic depictions that foster female empowerment. Theoretically identifying this marked difference is thus the primary aim of this paper and hence this study employs a qualitative textual analysis, utilizing theoretical frameworks such as Michel Foucault’s discourses of sexuality, Elaine Showalter’s gynocriticism, Hélène Cixous’s écriture féminine, Judith Butler’s gender performativity, and Simone de Beauvoir’s concept of gender stereotypes. The findings reveal a significant divergence in the way that male- and female-authored texts characterize female figures. Murakami, in his portrayal of Naoko and Midori, has often associated reductive and stereotypical attributes that in essence undermine their agencies and voices; their attributes and mannerisms were shown to be limited to emotional and/or sexual contexts that conflate the female experience and undermine gender fluidity. In contrast, Roy depicted Ammu and Rahel in accordance to feminist sensibilities as they can be seen to portray androgyny as well as employ their sexualities to challenge and subvert social norms and stereotypes. The study therefore concludes that women-authored narratives provide more nuanced and authentic representations of female experiences, whereas male-authored texts frequently reinforce patriarchal frameworks and stereotypical assumptions of one-dimensional gender linearity.

Intersectionality Between Country, Gender and Funding in Authorship for Phase III Trials Presented at the ASCO Annual Meeting 2022.

Multiple disparities have been recognized in the area of location, gender, and funding for leadership in oncology clinical trials. Understanding their intersectionality is crucial to be able to formulate policies and actions, to ensure research is representative of the global oncology community. Here, data from phase III trials presented at the ASCO Annual Meeting of 2022 (ASCO22) were analyzed. The location of institution, gender of lead and senior authors, and funding source for solid tumor phase III trial abstracts presented at the ASCO22 were analyzed. World Bank analytical grouping version 2021-2022 was used to describe regions and countries as high (HIC), upper-middle (UMIC), lower-middle (LoMIC), and low-income (LIC). Across 239 phase III abstracts, lead and senior authors respectively represented HIC institutions in 83% and 85%, UMIC in 13% and 12%, and LoMIC in 4% and 3%. No authors worked in LICs or sub-Saharan Africa. Women accounted for 29% of lead and 23% of senior authors. This distribution persisted across regions, with women as lead authors ranging from 19% (UMIC) to 31% (HIC), and as senior authors from 7% (UMIC) to 25% (HIC). Industry funded 62% of trials, academia 17%, and others 15%; 6% lacked funding. Industry funding was highest in HIC trials (66% for lead and senior authors), followed by UMICs (55% lead, 53% senior) and LoMICs (11% lead, 0% senior). Industry-sponsored trials were proportionally equally represented among female and male senior authors (63% each). There is marked intersectionality in leadership of oncology clinical trials presented at the world's largest oncology conference.

Reclaiming Black (Female) Subjectivity and the Othered Gaze in Harriet's Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl: Analyzing White Representation in the Black Imagination

This essay explores the representation of whiteness and the reclamation of black (female) subjectivity in Harriet Jacobs' Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Written by a black female author during the antebellum period, Jacobs’ narrative offers a unique critique of the hegemonic power structures that defined her era. The essay examines how Jacobs uses her narrative to subvert the dominant racial and gender ideologies, presenting whiteness as the Other and reclaiming her identity and agency through the act of writing. By analyzing the text through the theoretical lenses of Slave Narrative, Feminist Discourse, and Otherism, this paper highlights the complex ways in which Jacobs negotiates her subjectivity in a society that systematically denies (her) black humanity.

“The Sun Doesn’t Shine Like in ’85”

Abstract The legacy of Yugoslav music re-emerged in Serbia and in the wider post-Yugoslav cultural space during the 2000s, as the historical distance and growing dissatisfaction with capitalism led artists to reach out to the Yugoslav socialist past. This has taken many directions, from the reigniting of fandom of ex-Yugoslav music stars and the creation of tribute bands, to the renewal of interest in songs from World War ii and the composition of new music echoing Yugoslav memories and re-framing Yugoslav popular songs in the broader field of contemporary artistic practices. Most socio-musical formations and cultural scenes that have been fashioned after the break of Yugoslavia either rearticulated and incorporated particular sound legacies strongly associated with Yugoslav socialism or emulated its ‘ethos’ by contrasting the present with ideas and practices of Socialist Yugoslav society. The author will focus on female performers and authors, as well on the smaller socio-musical and artistic contexts related to the feminist movement. By acknowledging, comparing and interpreting the contributions of female and feminist artists / activists in Serbia who use music as a tools for social critique, the article offers an insight into a complex intersection between gender, ideology, and politics of remembrance ‘after Yugoslavia’.