Feelings Of Burdensomeness Research Articles

Understanding the characteristics of suicide in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A retrospective analysis

Purpose: This research aims to identify the characteristics of suicide in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. Method: The approach used is a retrospective study, based on retrospective data obtained from the Gunungkidul Regency Resort Police in 2017–2022. Result: The results of the analysis show that of the total 173 suicide cases, 53.2% occurred in the elderly group. The majority of suicide cases involved individuals working as farmers (72.3%), with the primary method used being hanging (100%). Motives for suicide varied, including chronic illness (23.7%), depression (10.4%), and a combination of physical illness and depression (6.9%). Conclusion: Increasing access to social support, physical and mental health services in this area, as well as focusing more specifically on prevention efforts linked to recognizing suicide motives, are some of the implications of this research. Apart from providing health assistance to individuals experiencing depression, it also cultivates a new social culture that can effectively shield people from depression, loneliness, feelings of burdensomeness, and other issues.

Testing the longitudinal relationship between muscle dysmorphia symptoms and suicidality: A network analysis investigation

Research on suicidality in muscle dysmorphia is limited despite the high rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in related disorders. This study employed network analysis to examine the longitudinal relationships between muscle dysmorphia symptoms, as well as the relations between MD symptoms and suicide risk factors. Fifty individuals (Mage = 30.6 years, 63 % male) meeting criteria for muscle dysmorphia received four daily surveys for three weeks. Multi-level vector autoregression analysis was used to estimate associations between muscle dysmorphia- and suicide-related thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. The most central nodes in the muscle dysmorphia networks related to assessing muscle size, dieting, using muscle-building supplements, experiencing body dissatisfaction, seeking reassurance, and avoiding others due to concerns about appearance. In the comorbidity networks, the most central suicide-related factors were feelings of burdensomeness, feeling disgusted, and dwelling on the past. Our findings indicated that various intrusive thoughts (body dissatisfaction, dieting), compulsions (seeking reassurance, body checking, supplement use), and beliefs (burden to others, disgust with oneself) predicted future engagement in muscle dysmorphia and suicide-related symptomology. Targeting intrusive thoughts and compulsions, as well as feelings of disgust and burdensomeness, may reduce the severity of these conditions.

Субъективная неудовлетворенность потребности в межличностном общении и признаки психологического неблагополучия у подростков и молодых людей с разным уровнем суицидального риска

Background. Suicidal risk in adolescence and youth refers to one of the actual forms of autodestructive behaviour associated with socio-psychological factors. Objective. The aim was to reveal the relationship between subjective dissatisfaction with the interpersonal communication and signs of psychological difficulties (aggressive behavior, substance use, anxious and obsessive thoughts, suicidal thoughts) in adolescents and young people with different levels of suicidal risk. Methods. Participants filled in the interpersonal needs questionnaire (INQ-15) and a questionnaire diagnosing signs of psychological difficulties. Sample. 92 adolescents and young adults aged 12–21 years without experience of suicidal thoughts, 132 adolescents and young adults with experience of suicidal thoughts but not actions, as well as 55 adolescents and young people who were treated in crisis hospitals for suicidal acts took part in the study. Results. The Russian version of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire is a reliable and factor valid technique to assess the feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness in adolescents and young adults. Suicidal risk in adolescents and young adults is associated with interpersonal failure, loneliness, longing, which leads into feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. In adolescents and youth with different suicidal risk, these feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are associated with the recognition of psychological problems, and feelings of burden are associated with the recognition of aggressive behavior. The feeling of thwarted belongingness is associated with aggressive behavior only in adolescents and young people with suicidal thoughts and actions. Conclusion. The association of feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness with the recognition of psychological problems in different suicidal risk groups, and the association of feelings of burden with the recognition of aggressive behavior indicates the importance of interpersonal communication factors in understanding subjective well-being in adolescents and young adults in general.

When the United States says you do not belong: Suicide-related thoughts and behaviors among immigrant young adults varying in immigration legal status.

The number of immigrants in the United States and the risk of suicide among minoritized individuals have increased. Little research has examined the impact of immigration legal status on suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB), despite theoretical and empirical work suggesting that feelings of burdensomeness and failure to belong (prominent among immigrants) are risk factors. We examined a diverse sample of foreign-born young adults (18-25; N=366). Data collection utilized the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire Revised and items probing belongingness and immigration status (undocumented/Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), permanent, and citizen). DACA/undocumented status was associated with increased SRTB compared with permanent and citizen categories. Increased SRTBs were associated with reduced feelings of acceptance in the United States, increased deportation fears, and increased fear of being harassed or hurt. Of these belongingness variables, only the interpersonal-not feeling welcome in the United States-partially mediated the risk relation between DACA/undocumented immigration legal status and SRTBs, whereas physical and legal threat, like deportation, did not. Our results highlight the interpersonal nature of SRTB risk in DACA/undocumented immigrants and the need for targeted culture and context-appropriate interventions, as well as advocacy and policy to reduce risk in this historically marginalized population.

The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults

BackgroundWhile there are known risk factors for suicidality in autistic adults, these are often unconnected from theoretical frameworks that might explain why risk is elevated and guide clinical interventions. The present study investigated the relevance of constructs from the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS), including perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness and acquired capability for suicide, and explored mechanisms through which certain risk factors (relationship status, age at diagnosis) might elevate suicide risk.MethodsAutistic adults (n = 314) completed an online study including measures of depression, anxiety and constructs from the ITS. Linear and multinomial regression analysis disentangled contributions of ITS variables from effects of depression and anxiety for past-year suicide ideation, past-year and lifetime suicide attempts. Mediation analyses examined associations between risk factors and these suicide outcomes via mechanisms proposed by the ITS.ResultsPast-year suicide ideation was associated with burdensomeness, mental rehearsal of suicide plans (a facet of acquired capability), and depression. Greater feelings of burdensomeness, and reduced fear of death, marked out participants who had attempted suicide in comparison to those who had experienced suicide ideation in the past year. Relationship status was indirectly associated with past-year suicide ideation via the mediators of depression and burdensomeness, and was associated with past-year attempts via its effect on ideation. Age at diagnosis was unrelated to any variables.LimitationsCross-sectional research is insensitive to causality and temporal dynamics, which is likely why interaction hypotheses from the ITS were unsupported. Normative measures may be invalid in autistic samples. There was no control group. The autistic sample was unrepresentative of the whole population, particularly autistic people with intellectual disabilities, ethnic/racial minorities, and gender minorities.ConclusionsPerceived burdensomeness and acquired capability appear potentially important to suicide in autistic people, and may mediate the effects of some risk factors. Future research should explore the temporal dynamics of suicide trajectories in longitudinal, prospective designs.

The influence of price and funding source disclosure on medication labels: Implications for intended adherence, perceived value and efficacy, and feelings of burden and guilt.

To examine if informing people in free-at-the-point-of-use medical systems of the financial value of medicines, and priming them with the fact that the medication is funded by taxation, influences people's perceived value and efficacy of the medicines, feelings of burdensomeness and guilt, and intended adherence. An experiment was implemented to examine the impact of medication labelling featuring the presence (vs. absence) of the phrase 'funded by UK the taxpayer' and pricing information (absent vs. £20 vs. £200) on outcome measures. A total of 257 UK participants (age: M = 29.10 years, SD = 9.15; 89 males, 167 females, one undisclosed) who were currently taking medication were recruited from an online participant pool (prolific academic). Participants viewed an image of a medication with the manipulated price and taxation message on the label. They then completed a number of measures to gauge perceived value and efficacy of the medicines, feelings of burdensomeness and guilt, and intended adherence. Findings point to both positive and negative consequences of such labelling of medication, with the taxpayer label increasing perceptions of value but also increasing feelings of guilt. The price labels demonstrated a positive effect on perceived value and intended adherence. Discussion of results is centred on potential policy implications, applied recommendations, and future directions for study.

Young adults' dynamic relationships with their families in early psychosis: Identifying relational strengths and supporting relational agency.

Most existing research on the family context of psychosis focuses on the 'burden' of caring for people experiencing psychosis. This research is the first to ask young people experiencing early psychosis to 'map' and describe their experiences and understandings of their family relationships, and how they have related to their psychosis and recovery. The research took an inductive, multimodal hermeneutic-phenomenological approach (Boden, Larkin & Iyer, 2019, Qual. Res. Psychology, 16, 218-236; Boden & Larkin, 2020, A handbook of visual methods in psychology, 358-375). Ten young adults (18-23), under the care of early intervention in psychosis services in the UK, participated in an innovative relational mapping interview (Boden, Larkin & Iyer, 2018), which invited participants to draw a subjective 'map' of their important relationships. This visual methodology enables subtle, complex, ambivalent, and ambiguous aspects of the participants' experiences to be explored. Findings explore the participants' accounts of how they love, protect, and care for their families; how they wrestle with family ties as they mature; and their feelings about talking about their mental health with loved ones, which was typically very difficult. This paper advances understanding of recovery in psychosis through consideration of the importance of reciprocity, and the identification and nurturance of relational strengths. The capacity of a young person to withdraw or hold back when trying to protect others is understood as an example of relational agency. The possibility for extending strengths-based approaches and family work within the context of early intervention in psychosis services is discussed. Young adults experiencing early psychosis may benefit from support to identify their relational strengths and the opportunities they have for reciprocity within their family structures, where appropriate. Relational motivations may be important for a range of behaviours, including social withdrawal and non-communication. Services may benefit from exploring the young person's relational context and subjective meaning-making in regard to these actions. Young adults experiencing early psychosis may benefit from opportunities to make sense of their family dynamics and how this impacts on their recovery. Attachment-based and relationally oriented interventions that increase trust and openness, and reduce feelings of burdensomeness are likely to support family functioning as well as individual recovery.

Psychotherapy and youth suicide prevention: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of specialist clinicians' experiences.

The study explored psychologists' experiences in delivering short-term psychotherapy for suicidal adolescents and sought to clarify how these experiences fit with empirically supported interventions and the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 psychologists' who provided short-term psychotherapy in a suicide prevention programme for youth (12- to 25-year-olds). Interview transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified: (i) understand the experience and context of the suicidality and the importance of a formulation-based approach to engagement and individualized treatment planning; (ii) involve broad support systems, and in particular families, to help the young person reduce feelings of burdensomeness and increase safety, connectedness and belonging; and (iii) improve affect regulation and reflective functioning, important not only for the young person but also for the support system to maximize the positive impact of supports via emotional coregulation and effective problem-solving. Interventions and approaches as well as the potential underlying processes of change being targeted are discussed in light of these findings. As an example, the development of a suicide safety plan was an intervention that traversed these themes. When used as a process tool, it helped foster a collaborative, formulation, dimensional and biopsychosocial approach to treat psychopathology and suicidality and extended beyond the therapist-client dyad. Moreover, treatment needs to be extended beyond the therapist-client dyad to allow therapists to facilitate a systemic treatment response, as this was seen as a major component of interventions for suicidal youth.

The Geriatric Feelings of Burdensomeness Scale (GFBS)

ABSTRACT Objectives The present article describes the development and psychometric evaluation of the Geriatric Feelings of Burdensomeness Scale using two samples of older adults collected through Amazon Mechanical Turk. The scale is a 25-item measure of general subjective feeling of being a burden on or problem for others. The goal of the measure is to capture a broad conceptualization of burdensomeness that is relevant to a variety of important psychological variables. Method Two studies are described, including item development and selection, and the examination of reliability and validity evidence in a sample of 192 older adults. Results The estimates of reliability (coefficient alpha and average interitem correlations) were strong. Preliminary examination of convergent validity evidence found significant moderate correlations between the Geriatric Feelings of Burdensomeness Scale and measures of conceptually related constructs (hopelessness, suicidality, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). Small, non-significant correlations were found between three indices of religiosity, providing preliminary discriminant validity evidence. Conclusions Our results provide initial psychometric support for a more general and inclusive assessment tool for measuring older adults’ feelings of burdensomeness. Clinical Implications With further research on clinical significance of feelings of burdensomeness and predictive validity, this measure may be used to identify concerns and beliefs about burdensomeness among distressed older adults.

Dynamic associations between interpersonal needs and suicidal ideation in a sample of individuals with eating disorders.

Over half of individuals with eating disorders experience suicidal ideation at some point in their lives, yet few longitudinal studies have examined predictors of ideation in this at-risk group. Moreover, prospective research has focused on relatively distal or trait-level factors that are informative for distinguishing who is most at risk but not when. Little is known about more proximal or state-level risk factors that fluctuate within an individual, which is critical for determining when a person is most likely to engage in suicidal behaviors. Women (N = 97) receiving treatment for their eating disorder completed questionnaires weekly to assess suicidal ideation and interpersonal constructs (i.e. perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness) theorized to be proximal predictors of suicidal desire. Longitudinal multilevel models were conducted to examine both within- and between-person predictors of suicidal ideation across 12 weeks of treatment. Statistically significant within-person effects for burdensomeness (β = 0.06; p < 0.001) indicate that when individuals have greater feelings of burdensomeness compared to their own average, they also experience higher suicidal ideation. We did not find any significant influence of thwarted belongingness or the interaction between burdensomeness and belongingness on suicidal ideation. This study was the first to examine dynamic associations between interpersonal constructs and suicidal ideation in individuals with eating disorders. Results are only partially consistent with the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide and suggest that short-term changes in burdensomeness may impact suicidal behavior in individuals with eating disorders.

The Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidality in a Sample of Adolescents in Guangdong, China

Background: Suicidality is a public health concern among Chinese adolescents. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a large sample of Chinese adolescents.Methods: A total of 30,644 Chinese students (56.7% male; Mage = 14.14 years) completed the questionnaires, and a multinomial logistic regression was conducted to analyze the data.Results: About 17.0% of the participants reported having suicidal ideation and 4.4% reported suicide attempts in the past year. Adolescents with more rumination, more severe depressive symptoms, more communication problems with their parents, and more feelings of burdensomeness were more likely to be suicidal ideators or suicide attempters rather than non-suicidal controls. Additionally, male adolescents, adolescents from incomplete families, adolescents whose parents have lower educational levels, and adolescents with less rumination, more severe depressive symptoms, less communication problems with their parents were more likely to be suicide attempters rather than suicidal ideators.Discussion: Suicidality is prevalent and correlates with various familial and individual factors in Chinese adolescents. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings were discussed.

Dynamic Changes in a Desire to Escape from Interpersonal Adversity: A Fluid Experimental Assessment of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide

Given suicide risk is dynamic, research needs to identify the factors responsible for these changes. This can be achieved through experimentally manipulating putative causal risk factors. Two studies experimentally manipulated a change in interpersonal risk factors (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness) to assess the influence on participants’ desire to escape. Study 1 (N = 74) found manipulating simultaneous changes in burdensomeness and belongingness rapidly changed participants’ desire to escape. In Study 2 (N = 54), a change in only thwarted belongingness was still effective in quickly changing participants’ desire to escape from the task, even in the presence of heightened feelings of burdensomeness. The findings speak to the causal role that changes in the levels of interpersonal risk factors may play in influencing a desire to escape from adverse life circumstances.

Perceived burdensomeness is associated with low-lethality suicide attempts, dysfunctional interpersonal style, and younger rather than older age.

Perceived burdensomeness is thought to contribute to suicide risk. However, suicidal behavior is clinically and psychologically heterogeneous. Does a high level of perceived burdensomeness differentiate medically serious suicidal acts, most closely resembling death by suicide, from less serious ones? How is perceived burdensomeness related to dysfunctional personality dimensions implicated in suicide? We sought to answer these questions in a cross-sectional, case-control study of adults, aged 42 years or older (n = 165). Participants were suicidal depressed with history of high-lethality and low-lethality attempts, depressed with serious suicidal ideation, depressed non-suicidal, and psychiatrically healthy controls. Following detailed clinical characterization, we assessed perceived burdensomeness, the Big Five, impulsivity, and anger rumination. Low-lethality attempters reported the highest levels of perceived burdensomeness, followed by ideators, high-lethality attempters, non-suicidal depressed, and healthy controls. Group differences were robust to confounders, including demographics, severity of depression, and physical illness burden. In suicide attempters, perceived burdensomeness scaled positively with neuroticism, impulsivity, and anger and negatively with extraversion, conscientiousness, and age. Our findings suggest that perceived burdensomeness is most prominent in a subgroup of younger individuals with lower-lethality suicide attempts and a dysfunctional interpersonal style. Older adults with high-lethality attempts are surprisingly more resilient to the feelings of burdensomeness. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cycles of risk: Associations between menstrual cycle and suicidal ideation among women

The current study examined associations between cyclic variation in hormone levels and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness – two determinants of suicidal ideation. Nineteen participants who experienced suicidal ideation and had normal menstrual cycles were selected out of 1482 college students and completed a series of on-line questionnaires every other day for 1month. Menstrual cycle status, depressive symptoms, and feelings of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were assessed. Hormone levels were estimated based on standardized actuarial data. Lower levels of progesterone were associated with greater feelings of burdensomeness. Perceived burdensomeness was also greater during the follicular phase than the luteal phase. Additionally, lower levels of prolactin were associated with both increased feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness; however, these associations were not significant after controlling for depression. Results suggest that hormonal variation is associated with the determinants of suicidal ideation and provide further explanation for associations found between the menstrual cycle and suicide risk.

Restraint feeds stress: The relationship between eating disorder symptoms, stress generation, and the interpersonal theory of suicide

Integrating research on stress generation and the interpersonal theory of suicide we examined whether eating disorder symptoms are related to stress generation and whether negative life events (stressors) contribute to feelings of burdensomeness and low belongingness. At two time points (approximately 1month apart), participants (n=186; 75% female) completed questionnaires measuring eating disorder symptoms, negative life events, burdensomeness, and belongingness. Regression analyses indicated that while controlling for depression, anxiety, and baseline frequency of negative events, dietary restraint significantly predicted negative events at follow-up. Dietary restraint indirectly influenced higher levels of perceived burdensomeness and low belongingness through its influence on negative events. Thus, dietary restraint may contribute to stress generation, and in turn exacerbate feelings of burdensomeness and low belongingness, two important constructs of the interpersonal theory of suicide. Greater understanding of these factors could lead to more effective and targeted suicide interventions for individuals who restrict food intake.

The Impact of the 2009 Red River Flood on Interpersonal Risk Factors for Suicide

Natural disasters are frequently associated with increases in risk factors for suicide, yet research indicates that suicide rates tend to stay the same or decrease in the wake of disasters (e.g., Krug et al., 1999). The present research sought to shed light on this counterintuitive phenomenon by testing hypotheses derived from Joiner's (2005) interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior, which proposes that the desire to die by suicide is the result of feeling like one does not belong and feeling like one is a burden on others. During natural disasters, community members often pull together in volunteering efforts, and it was predicted that such behaviors would boost feelings of belonging and reduce feelings that one is a burden. The present study tested these predictions in a sample of 210 undergraduate students in Fargo, North Dakota, following the 2009 Red River Flood. Consistent with prediction, greater amounts of time spent volunteering in flood efforts were associated with increased feelings of belongingness and decreased feelings of burdensomeness. The findings in the current study are consistent with the notion that communities pulling together during a natural disaster can reduce interpersonal risk factors associated with the desire for suicide.