Aggressive Feelings Research Articles

The profile and aberrant driving behavior of juvenile traffic law violators in Greece

Abstract The majority of juvenile offenses in Greece are related to road traffic violations. Juveniles in Crete region are required to attend an educational program offered by LaHeRS lab (HMU), in collaboration with the Prosecutor’s Office as part of reformative measures. The current presentation reports on the profile and aberrant driving behavior of juvenile offenders who attended the program between 2023-2024. The Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) was administered to 181 juvenile offenders. Participants were males (97.8), with a mean age 18.6 (SD = 1.2), resided in rural settings (51.8%) and secondary students 60.7%. The mean age of the first offence was 15.8 (SD = 1.1, min 13 - max 18). Participants scored low in all DBQ scales (covered violations mean=6.1, sd = 7.5; unintentional violations mean=0.9, sd = 1.6; lapses mean=8.9, sd = 10.5). No statistically significant difference was found in DBQ scores between those who had and did not have a driver’s license, as well as between those from urban or rural areas. The three DBQ subscales significant correlated (p < .001). Among other risky behaviors, 54.9% reported exceeding the legal speed limit, 66.3% reported aggression feelings when driving behind a slow vehicle, 34.5% used mobile phones while driving, 17.7% reported alcohol use while driving. Surprisingly, 85.5% stated high confidence addressing risks on the roads. Key messages • Early interventions on aberrant driving behavior among adolescents is crucial. • Educational programs should be tailored to address the unique needs of juvenile traffic law violators.

The Adverse Effects of Commonly Prescribed Antiseizure Medications in Adults With Newly Diagnosed Focal Epilepsy.

Systematic screening can help identify antiseizure medication (ASM)-associated adverse events (AEs) that may preclude patients from reaching effective doses or completing adequate trial periods. The Adverse Event Profile (AEP) is a self-completed instrument to identify the frequency of common AEs associated with ASM use. This study aimed to compare the AE profile of commonly used ASMs in adults with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. The Human Epilepsy Project is a prospective, international, observational study investigating markers of treatment response in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. Participants were enrolled within 4 months of treatment initiation. Adult participants on levetiracetam, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, or oxcarbazepine monotherapy who completed the AEP and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at enrollment were included. Multivariable generalized linear and penalized logistic regression models assessed differences in total and itemized marginal AEP scores and dichotomized responses ("never/rarely" vs "sometimes/always"). A total of 225 adults initiated on levetiracetam (n = 132, 59%), lamotrigine (n = 55, 24%), carbamazepine (n = 19, 8.4%), or oxcarbazepine (n = 19, 8.4%) were included. There were no significant differences in AEP total scores between ASMs. Patients with depression (adjusted marginal score ratio [aMSR] 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.39, p = 0.001) and anxiety (aMSR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.26, p = 0.007) had worse AEP total scores than those without. After adjusting for depression and anxiety, levetiracetam users were >3 times more likely to report feelings of aggression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.38, 95% CI 1.07-10.7, p = 0.038) and almost half as likely to experience unsteadiness (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.99, p = 0.047) than lamotrigine users. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine had the highest rates of discontinuation (42.1%, each), followed by levetiracetam (34.8%) and lamotrigine (16.4%). Levetiracetam users had the highest proportion of discontinuations because of AEs alone (18%), and lamotrigine had the lowest (5%). Systematic screening for AEs in adults with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy on ASM monotherapy showed that those with comorbid psychiatric conditions report greater AEs overall, irrespective of ASM. Levetiracetam was associated with >3-fold risk of psychiatric AEs and half the risk of experiencing unsteadiness than lamotrigine. Levetiracetam had the highest proportion of discontinuations because of AEs alone, while lamotrigine had the lowest.

A 3.5-year clinical experience with perampanel for refractory epilepsy.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of perampanel, which was used in a cohort of patients with refractory epilepsy for up to 3.5 years in a real-world setting in Saudi Arabia. Data from the medical records of patients treated with perampanel between March 13th, 2017, and September 6th, 2020, at neurology clinics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, was collected. The Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP) scale was also used to measure the adverse effects of perampanel. Of the 75 included patients, 66.7% responded to perampanel at the last follow-up, including 22.7% seizure-free for at least the last six months, and 44% of patients responded with a ≥ 50% reduction in seizure frequency from baseline. The overall incidence of adverse effects that led to perampanel discontinuation was 13.3%; the most common adverse effect was aggressive behavior followed by sedation. Pre-existing psychiatric comorbidity was significantly associated with the incidence of psychiatric and behavioral adverse effects on perampanel (p = 0.0206). The mean score of LEAP was 40. The most frequently rated adverse effects in LEAP were "feelings of anger and aggression to others", "nervousness and/or agitation" and "sleepiness". The efficacy and tolerability of perampanel were dose-dependent. Dose 6 mg/day was the most frequently used dose that was taken by about one-third of patients at their last visit. Perampanel was effective as an adjunctive treatment for intractable seizures, with a responder rate of 66.7%. The long-term tolerability of perampanel was generally good. Aggressive behavior was the most common reason for perampanel discontinuation. Patients should be counseled and monitored for these adverse effects, particularly those with a history of previous psychiatric and behavioral problems.

Anger Management Program to Overcome Anger and Aggression: A Meta-Analysis Study

This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of an anger management program in reducing feelings of anger and aggression in individuals. The meta-analysis research method was used to see the effect size of anger management programs in 11 previous experimental studies, with a total of 501 participants with different demographic backgrounds. Effect size can be analyzed from the number of research participants (N), average score (mean), and standard deviation (SD) of each experimental and control group. The research results show a large effect size (Hedges' g equals -1.44; g greater than .8) and 95 percent CI equals -2.658 to -.219) from implementing the anger management program in reducing individual anger and aggression. There is publication bias (Egger's regression equal to -5.419; p less than or equal to .001), which is a weakness in this research, so that it can be a concern for future research.

Stigma and Countertransference in Resident Attitudes toward Patients with Substance Use Disorders.

Apprehending the full range of one's countertransference presents a challenge for the new therapist and psychiatry resident. Experiencing negative or aggressive feelings while also striving to consolidate one's professional identity and self-experience as a good, helpful, and competent doctor feels dissonant and contradictory. Developing and practicing the skills of countertransference awareness and analysis are crucial aspects of psychiatry and psychotherapy training. These skills can help the trainee navigate difficult clinical interactions through reflection on their own anxieties, as well as the unconscious social and personal biases and motivations that shape their countertransferences. This article examines some of the countertransference reactions that may be colored by social and personal stigma toward patients with substance use disorders. Acknowledging and exploring such countertransference reactions in training not only can provide valuable insights into the psychodynamic experiences of the patient and the treatment dyad, but also can sharpen a lifelong tool, helping the trainees weather powerful and disorienting countertransference currents, untangle their personal motivations and prejudices, and recognize the times when supervision may help to provide containment and clarity throughout their careers.

Adding virtual plants leads to higher cognitive performance and psychological well-being in virtual reality

Previous research has shown the positive effects of exposure to real and virtual nature. To investigate how such benefits might generalize to ever-more-prevalent virtual workplaces, we examined the effects of the absence or presence of virtual plants in an office environment in Virtual Reality (VR) on users’ cognitive performance and psychological well-being. The results of our user study with 39 participants show that in the presence of virtual plants, participants performed significantly better in both short-term memory and creativity tasks. Furthermore, they reported higher psychological well-being scores, including positive affect and attentive coping, whilst reporting lower feelings of anger and aggression after exposure to virtual plants in VR. The virtual office with plants was also perceived as more restorative and induced a higher sense of presence. Overall, these results highlight how the presence of virtual plants in VR can have positive influences on users, and therefore, constitute important design considerations when developing future working and learning spaces.

THE IMPACT OF PARENTAL MENTAL VIOLENCE ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF EARLY CHILDHOOD

Psychological violence has a negative impact on early childhood. Many families cover up violence against young children in front of other people because they think it is their right to privacy. The purpose of this research is to explore the causes of psychological violence in young children in the family. The data in this article is presented descriptively which indicates a scientific study that can be further developed and applied. The object of writing a description in this article is about the problem of the impact of parental mental violence on the psychological condition of early childhood. The technique used in data collection begins with collecting relevant references, both in the form of written texts and soft copy editions, such as scientific journals, ebooks, online articles, and government publications. Soft copy edition references can be obtained from internet sources accessed online. After searching for references that are relevant to the data needed, then the authors analyze the existing data. The results of this study are children who experience mental violence have a tendency to imitate the behavior of their parents. Children will be more aggressive towards their peers. The child will transfer his aggressive feelings to his friends as a result of poor self-concept. This of course will also have an impact on social relations. Children prefer to be alone, have few friends, and enjoy disturbing adults. Examples of disturbing adult behavior such as throwing stones or other criminal acts.

Aggression in Wives of Ploy Drug Addicts: Comparative Analysis

The prime objective of the study was to examine the aggression and its types among wives of poly drug addicts and non-drug addicts in comparison to each other. That comparative study was done in Faisalabad city and, for that purpose, total hundred women including fifty (n = 50) wives of poly drug addicts were selected from drug treatment hospitals using convenient sampling. While fifty (n= 50) wives of non- drug addicts were selected using snowball sampling from general population. Personal Information Sheet and Urdu version of Aggression Questionnaire (Shafique & Sadiq, 2019) were applied on participants to collect the data. SPSS version 25.0 was used to compute the descriptive statistics, normality test, independent samples t-test and regression analysis on the present research data. Statistical analysis has depicted that wives of ploy drug addicts reported more aggression (t = 16.34, df = 98 , p = 0.000), physical aggression (t = 14.88 , df = 98, p = 0.000), verbal aggression (t = 6.53 , df = 98 , p =0.000), anger (t = 10.44 , df = 98, p =0.000) and hostility (t = 13.22, df = 98, p = 0.000) than wives of non-drug addicts. Furthermore, duration of husbands’ addiction and number of treatment predicted aggression in wives. Poly drug addiction of husband adversely harms the psychological health of wives and escalates aggressive feelings and emotions in wives.

A Study of the Adolescents’ Psychological Potential Actualization Model

The socio-psychological situation in Ukraine has undergone significant changes. A global pandemic, harsh quarantine measures, war, insufficient public information, stigmatization of public opinion, high risks to public health – have all created a new psychosocial reality of life for both adults and young people. It is obvious that these problems and their manifestation in totality have affected young people’s life in various aspects. An anonymous voluntary survey of high school teachers conducted in 10 schools in different regions of Ukraine (Prykarpattia, Central and Northern) revealed a decrease in student activity (360 students aged 14-17) by 40% (attendance, willingness to learn and participate in educational activities), significantly reduced success (by 35%) during the distance learning period. The parents’ survey results show that young people’s feelings of fear (89%), anxiety (84%), aggression (58%), and depression (52%) are significant. A study of the structural characteristics’ of the specific manifestations of young people’s psychological potential was conducted between 2016-2020 which involved 2022 participants on a voluntary, anonymous basis. The young people’s psychological potential comprised the following components: motivational, emotional, value, and behavioral. The results showed a 40% decline in indexes on average over 2020-2021. A 4-stage young people’s psychological potential actualization model focusing on diagnostic, psycho-corrective, formative, and recreational-assertive aspects was developed based on the “Children`s Camp Zefir” recreation program and the adolescents’ psychological center “Alternative”. The model, implemented for the second year 2021-2022, currently displays significant results for increasing psychological indicators.

Development of the Esportsmanship Scale and Analysis of Its Relationship to Well-Being, Physical Health Problems, Gaming Addiction Tendencies, Aggressive Feelings, Empathy, and Self-Positivity

A steep increase in young people’s participation in esports in Japan has demonstrated potential adverse health effects as well as impacts on their well-being. Therefore, protective guidelines are required to address this issue. Hence, a novel measurement tool was used in this study to understand the social and health effects of esports. Using an online survey (n = 1,612), factor analysis yielded a two-factor structure for the 12-item esportsmanship scale. Analysis of covariance was used to test whether the factors of enjoyable and normative esportsmanship and time spent playing esports were associated with well-being, physical health problems, gaming addiction tendencies, empathy, and self-positivity. Enjoyable esportsmanship was associated with favorable psychological tendencies, such as well-being, empathy, and self-positivity. The findings also suggest that increasing normative esportsmanship may be able to inhibit physical health problems and the degree of gaming addiction. The analysis of covariance demonstrated that more time spent on esports was significantly unfavorably associated with physical health problems, gaming addiction tendencies, and aggressive feelings. Future research should aim to clarify the causal relationship between these psychological tendencies and esportsmanship and conduct a detailed analysis of whether the effects and impacts of esportsmanship differ according to game genre.

What kind of internet memes do you like? People's preference for the memes expressing the positivity, humor, aggression emotions

Although various internet memes (IMs) were disseminated and popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic, the degree to which people appreciate them is unclear. In this study, people's appreciation of three kinds of typical IMs, which respectively conveyed the humorous (H-IM), encouraging (E-IM), and aggressive (A-IM) feelings towards the pandemic and the consequences it brought about, along with one objective description (OD) serving as the control condition, were compared. The results showed that the E-IMs and H-IMs were significantly more appreciated and loved than the A-IMs, thus supporting the prediction of positive psychology and humor regulation of negative emotion but failing to support the theory of psychology catharsis that emphasizes the need of making aggression to release tense and angry feelings caused by the pandemic. The results also showed that creativity played a mediating role for the positivity component in E-IMs and the humor component in H-IMs when predicting their fondness ratings. For the H-IMs, creativity could even fully mediate the impact of humor for exerting regulation effects on negative emotions evoked by the pandemic-related affairs such as home quarantine. This result revealed the creative nature of the IMs and showed that IMs are a kind of insightful cognitive restructuring that people make as a creative adaption to unfavorably changed situations caused by the pandemic.

Increase in feelings of aggression or irritability during TMS may be a positive indicator of effective treatment

Increase in feelings of aggression or irritability during TMS may be a positive indicator of effective treatment

Projective assessment of Indian juveniles with conduct disorder

ABSTRACT The current study aimed to study the psychodynamic perspective of the association between conduct disorder and personality through the Draw a Person Test (Buck, 1969, 2006), a projective assessment tool, and the Conduct Disorder Scale (Gilliam, 2002). The sample comprised 86 respondents out of which 43 were juvenile delinquents and the rest were middle school students. The qualitative and quantitative findings are suggestive of feelings of shame, fear, depression, rule violation, deceitfulness, hostility, and aggression among juveniles delinquents. Withdrawal and guarded accessibility were also found in the juvenile sample.

Educational, Emotional, and Social Impact of the Emergency State of COVID-19 on Romanian University Students.

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact at the social, economic, cultural, and political levels. Education is one of the areas that experienced a sudden change during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected both students and teachers worldwide. Thus, the aim of our research was to analyze the educational, emotional, and social impact of the period of the emergency state (16 March 2020–15 May 2020) imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic on Romanian university students. Materials and Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based survey among Romanian university students at the national level. Results: Our study showed that students accepted online education only as a form of compromise in relation to the epidemiological situation. However, they were affected by the diminished contact with the university and their colleagues and the lack of a regular routine. Emotionally, the participants experienced feelings of loneliness, panic, fear, aggressiveness, and intolerance due to the lack of cultural activities, the struggle with the usual routine, and the restriction of communication and movement. Socially, the relationships with friends and university colleagues were affected; many students returned home to their parents, who supported them during the lockdown. As a general finding, our study describes a social category that felt the full effects of isolation during the emergency state but still managed to cope with the situation by mobilizing a number of specific resources: family, intellectual and cultural concerns, and faith. Conclusions: The emergency state imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic has been a special experience in the lives of Romanian students. Its dramatism was tempered well by an effective support mechanism provided by social ties, intellectual formation, and a certain religiosity. This has produced good resilience among students, but also in the communities they belong to.

Olfactory dysfunction: prevalence, diagnosis and treatment

Topicality: Odors affect the vital body functions, the general psychophysiological state. The sense of smell plays an important role in regulating human behavior. For example, the olfactory impulse reaches the brain faster than the impulse of pain, and therefore very effectively regulates us, regardless of awareness. Odors can change the work of various body systems: they affect the rhythm of our breathing, the excitability of muscles, the work of the brain and the entire nervous system. The sense of smell affects the limbic system, the part of the brain that controls hunger, feelings of aggression, sexual emotions and other "animal" feelings of a person. OD violates the informational and controlling roles of odorous substances (attractants, repellents, pheromones), therefore disorganizing the performance of nutritional, sexual, protective, orientation functions. For people of some specialties (taster, perfumer, cook), the decrease in the sense of smell can mean job loss and social maladaptation. Complaints about problems with taste perception more often reflect violations of the sense of smell, since the taste of a number of foods (chocolate, coffee, vanilla, strawberries, etc.) in reality depends on the stimulation of the sense of smell by volatile components that enter the nasopharynx when swallowing. Aim: To offer an otorhinolaryngologist guidance in the information stream regarding the problem of olfactory dysfunction, its prevalence, diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods: The Sniffin’ Sticks test (CST) has been certified in the EU since 1995, and is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Italy. Odors are offered in the form of markers, in which the odorous substance takes the place of the coloring one. There is a version with 16 odors from the extended test [extendid] or with 12 odors [screening]. The test is well validated, can, unlike CCSIT, be used repeatedly, the shelf life is 0.5-1 year, depending on the intensity of application. The test can be used by patients independently. The study consists of 3 stages: threshold test (THR) – determination of the minimum odor concentration that the patient feels; discrimination test (D) is aimed at identifying the patient's ability to distinguish odors; identification test (I) for odor recognition. "University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test" (UPSIT) – the test is used exclusively to identify 40 odors (some of them are little known outside of North America). Odorous substances are microcapsulated on paper in the form of a rectangle and are released as a result of friction when held over it with a simple pencil. The patient is given 4 possible answers. Normally, a healthy man correctly identifies 34-40 odors, a healthy woman – 35-40. If the subject scores 18 or less, it is considered that he has a complete loss of sense of smell. The test system is a single-use and expensive. Digital volumetric tomography (CT). The visualization of the olfactory cleft, the upper nasal concha, and the configuration of the olfactory groove (OJ) turned out to be informative. Results and discussions: The review discusses the unique properties of OE and the potential use of olfactory epithelial grafts to restore olfactory function. Permanent population of multipotent stem cells proliferating throughout the life of the organism is located in the mammal OE. The cells formed during division go through several stages of differentiation and replace the dying olfactory receptor neurons. Neural stem cells were isolated from the olfactory region of the mucous membrane of humans, rats and mice. It is this population of neural stem cells that is being investigated as an autologous material for transplantation and the future use of olfactory transplants as a potential method of restoring the sense of smell. OE survives when transplanted to various areas of the brain, can be grafted directly to OL. Conclusions: A new direction in the treatment of OD is associated with cell therapy technologies, for example, using platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma in which the concentration of platelets is several times higher than normal. The term PRP is legitimate at a concentration of 700 thousand to 1 million platelets in 1 ml of plasma (the physiological plasma concentration of platelets is (180-360) x109 per liter). PRP is used to accelerate tissue regeneration, reduce scarring, stimulate angiogenesis, as well as a local antiseptic. The spectrum of pharmacological action of PRP is determined by growth factors: platelet growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epithelial growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF). The active secretion of these growth factors by platelets begins within 10 minutes after activation (activation can be stimulated by almost any environmental disturbance, up to a simple mechanical stress), while more than 95% of the previously synthesized growth factors are secreted within 1 hour.

Why do habitual violent video game players believe in the cathartic effects of violent video games? A misinterpretation of mood improvement as a reduction in aggressive feelings.

Previous research found that violent video game play leads to increased aggression, but many people (mainly habitual violent video game players) still believe that playing violent games releases aggressive feelings and in turn reduces aggressive behavior. Other research has shown that video game play can have a positive impact on the player's mood. Based on the General Aggression Model and mood management theory, we thus hypothesized that habitual violent video game players misinterpret their better mood after game play as a reduction of aggressive feelings and hence believe in the cathartic effects of violent video games. Two studies examined this reasoning in the player's natural habitat. Habitual video game players were surveyed multiple times for a period of 2 weeks before and after each gaming session. Results showed that playing video games improved the participant's mood, which in turn was positively associated with the belief in the cathartic effect of violent video game play. Importantly, this relation held when controlling for the player's actual level of aggressive feelings. Study 1 further showed that playing a violent game tended to lead to a higher level of reported aggressive feelings after playing. In contrast, in Study 2, level of reported aggressive feelings was not related to the violence of the game. Taken together, habitual violent video game players (erroneously) believe in the cathartic effects of violent video games, because they are in a better mood after playing.

فاعلية برنامج إرشادي لخفض حدة الاحتراق النفسي المصاحب لالتهاب القولون العصبي لدى عينة من طلاب الجامعة Effectiveness of a Guiding Program for Reducing Psychological Burnout Associated with Inflammation of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among University Students

هدفت الدراسة إلى استقصاء مدى فاعلية برنامج إرشادي لخفض حدة الاحتراق النفسي المصاحب لالتهاب القولون العصبي لدى عينة من طلاب الجامعة، والتعرف على أهم ديناميات البناء النفسي لمرضي القولون العصبي من طلاب الجامعة الذين يعانون الاحتراق النفسي کما تکشف عنها الاختبارات السيکومترية والمقابلة الإکلينيکية واختبار تفهم الموضوع (T.A.T). وقد تکونت عينة الدراسة من (30) طالب من طلاب الکليات العملية بجامعة المنصورة ممن يعانون من الاحتراق النفسي وتم تشخيصهم على أنهم مرضى التهاب القولون العصبي. تم استخدام مقياس الاحتراق النفسي من إعداد الباحث، وتطبيق برنامج إرشادي من إعداد الباحث، وتطبيق المقابلة الإکلينيکية، واختبار تفهم الموضوع (T.A.T)، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي والمنهج الإکلينيکي، وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات القياس القبلي والقياس البعدي علي مقياس الاحتراق النفسي لدي عينة من مرضي القولون العصبي من طلاب جامعة المنصورة، کما أظهرت وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات القياس البعدي والقياس التتبعي علي مقياس الاحتراق النفسي لدي عينة من مرضي القولون العصبي من طلاب جامعة المنصورة، مما يؤکد على فاعلية البرنامج الإرشادي في خفض حدة الاحتراق النفسي لدى عينة الدراسة واستمرار أثر البرنامج في خفض شدة الاحتراق النفسي لديهم، کما جاءت نتائج الدراسة الإکلينيکية لتميط اللثام عن البناء الدينامي للحالة محل الدراسة الإکلينيکية، ففيما يتعلق بصورة الأنا، يفصح البناء الدينامي عن ضعف الأنا فلديه مشاعر الخوف والقلق والعدوانية، وتعطيل في البناء النفسي فالذات تعاني من تثبيتات أوديبة. کما أن علاقة الذات بالعالم الخارجي مضطربة فهو يراها مليئة بالأحزان والغربة، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى توصيات منها: إتاحة الفرصة أمام الطلاب للاستفادة من البرامج الإرشادية على أن يتم تطبيقها في مراکز الإرشاد النفسي في الجامعات وذلک لمساعدتهم على التعامل مع الضغوط الدراسة حتى لا يصلوا إلى درجة الاحتراق النفسي، التعاون بين الجامعات ووزارة الصحة لتنفيذ البرامج الإرشادية لخفض حدة الاحتراق النفسي المصاحب لالتهاب القولون العصبي لدى الطلاب وتدريبهم على استراتيجيات التعامل مع المشکلات التي قد تواجههم. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a guiding program to reduce the severity of psychological burnout associated with irritable bowel syndrome in a sample of university students, and to identify the most important dynamics of the psychological structure of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients of university students who suffer from psychological burnout as revealed by psychometric tests, clinical interview and Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT). The sample of the study consisted of (30) male students of practical colleges at Mansoura University who suffer from psychological burnout and were diagnosed as patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The psychological burnout scale prepared by the researcher was used, a guiding program prepared by the researcher was applied, the clinical interview was applied, and the Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT). The study used the semi-experimental approach and the clinical approach, and the results of the study showed statistically significant differences between the averages of the pre-measurement and post-measurement scores on the psychological burnout scale of a sample of Irritable Bowel Syndrome from Mansoura University students, and it also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the post-measurement and the tracer measurement on the burnout scale of a sample of Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients from Mansoura University students, which confirms the effectiveness of the guiding program in reducing the intensity of psychological burnout among the study sample and the continuing effect of the program in reducing the intensity of their psychological burnout. The results of the clinical study also came to uncover the dynamic structure of the case under clinical study. With regard to the image of the ego, the dynamic structure reveals the weakness of the ego, it has feelings of fear, anxiety, aggression, and disruption in the psychological construction, the subject suffers from Oedipus fixations. Likewise, the relationship of the self with the outside world is turbulent, as he sees it as full of sorrows and estrangement, and the study reached recommendations, including: Providing students with the opportunity to benefit from guiding programs to be applied in psychological guiding centers in universities in order to help them deal with study pressures so that they do not reach the degree of psychological burnout, cooperation between universities and the Ministry of Health to implement guiding programs to reduce the psychological burnout associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome among students and train them on strategies to deal with the problems that they may face.

Suicide prevention in psychiatric patients.

An increased risk of suicide has been reported for psychiatric patients. In several world regions, an underlying psychiatric disorder is reported in up to 90% of people who die from suicide, though this rate seems to be considerably lower in low- and middle-income countries. Major psychiatric conditions associated with suicidality are mood disorders, alcohol and substance use disorders, borderline personality disorder, and schizophrenia. Comorbidity between different disorders is frequently associated with a higher suicide risk. A history of suicide attempts, feelings of hopelessness, impulsivity and aggression, adverse childhood experiences, severe psychopathology, and somatic disorders are common risk factors for suicide among psychiatric patients. Stressful life events and interpersonal problems, including interpersonal violence, are often triggers. A comprehensive and repeated suicide risk assessment represents the first step for effective suicide prevention. Particular attention should be paid during and after hospitalization, with the first days and weeks after discharge representing the most critical period. Pharmacological treatment of mood disorders and schizophrenia has been shown to have an anti-suicidal effect. A significant reduction of suicidal thoughts and behavior has been reported for cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavior therapy. Brief interventions, including psychoeducation and follow-ups, are associated with a decrease in suicide deaths. Further development of suicide prevention in psychiatric patients will require a better understanding of additional risk and protective factors, such as the role of a person's decision-making capacity and social support, the role of spiritual and religious interventions, and the reduction of the treatment gap in mental health care.

The Link Between Battle Royale Games and Aggressive Feelings, Addiction, and Sense of Underachievement: Exploring eSports-Related Genres

The extremely violent and competitive new game genre battle royale is becoming increasingly popular, as exemplified by Fortnite and PUBG. However, previous research has infrequently extended to the exploration of its detrimental psychosocial effects. Our study conducted an online questionnaire survey recruiting Japanese students (n = 874) who currently play online games on a frequent basis. The findings of path analysis demonstrated that, among the game usage time by genre associated with esports, battle royale (β = 0.09) was the only variable associated with aggressive feelings. Battle royale (β = 0.08) and action (β = 0.08) showed statistically significant correlations with gaming addiction, and battle royale (β = 0.10) and action (β = 0.11) significantly correlated with a sense of underachievement. From the results of this study, it is suggested that the battle royale genre requires more attention than other esports genres, particularly in terms of aggressive feelings.

Psychiatric Profiles of eHealth Users Evaluated Using Data Mining Techniques: Cohort Study.

BackgroundNew technologies are changing access to medical records and the relationship between physicians and patients. Professionals can now use e-mental health tools to provide prompt and personalized responses to patients with mental illness. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the digital phenotypes of patients who use e-mental health apps.ObjectiveThis study aimed to reveal the profiles of users of a mental health app through machine learning techniques.MethodsWe applied a nonparametric model, the Sparse Poisson Factorization Model, to discover latent features in the response patterns of 2254 psychiatric outpatients to a short self-assessment on general health. The assessment was completed through a mental health app after the first login.ResultsThe results showed the following four different profiles of patients: (1) all patients had feelings of worthlessness, aggressiveness, and suicidal ideas; (2) one in four reported low energy and difficulties to cope with problems; (3) less than a quarter described depressive symptoms with extremely high scores in suicidal thoughts and aggressiveness; and (4) a small number, possibly with the most severe conditions, reported a combination of all these features.ConclusionsUser profiles did not overlap with clinician-made diagnoses. Since each profile seems to be associated with a different level of severity, the profiles could be useful for the prediction of behavioral risks among users of e-mental health apps.