Feed Pump Research Articles

Drill bit hydraulic system for oil and gas boreholes

We set out to improve the existing design of a polycrystalline diamond bit with a steel or matrix body with the purpose of creating a hydro-monitoring effect. The research object was the hydraulic system of a diamond bit with a near-bit jet pump. The near-bit ejector system was studied by a theoretical analysis of the operation of the bit hydraulic system by means of canonical dependencies and hypotheses. A hydraulic system for a polycrystalline diamond bit is proposed. This system includes a high-pressure jet pump, which enhances the hydro-monitoring effect at the bottomhole. The main hydraulic characteristics of the bit flushing system with a jet pump are as follows: at a drilling pump feed of 18.4 l/s and a drilling fluid density of 1180 kg/m3, the working coefficient of jet pump injection equals 0.34; the working nozzle diameter equals 10.3 mm; the mixing chamber is 11.9 mm, bit hydromonitor nozzles are 11.1 mm; the number of hydromonitor nozzles is 3; the velocity at the exit of hydromonitor nozzles is 85.0 m/s; the pressure drop at the bit is 15.7 MPa. The possibility of using the hydro-monitoring effect enhanced by a near-bit jet pump was substantiated, since the velocity at the exit from the hydro-monitoring nozzles is sufficient to destroy most rocks (sandstone, limestone, dolomites, rock salt, gypsum stone, basalt, marble, granite). The jet pump in the proposed design of a polycrystalline diamond bit creates an additional circulation circuit above the bottomhole, injects cuttings from the annular space and feeds them to the hydro-monitor nozzles. This enables a more efficient destruction of the bottomhole rock. The power of hydro-monitor jets is sufficient to improve drilling performance.

Scheme design and assessment of hybrid pump feed system with energy management for throttleable liquid rocket engine

Currently, there is considerable emphasis on the electric pump-fed cycle for liquid engine, primarily due to its design simplicity. However, its development is hindered by the underdeveloped state of power battery technology. Drawing inspiration from hybrid power technology used in electric vehicles and turbochargers, a hybrid pump feed system for throttleable engines is originally proposed as a promising solution. This system integrates the electric motor into the gas generator cycle, with several topologies evaluated. The parallel configuration featuring a mid-motor is selected for its compact structure, efficient power-splitting and energy recovery. Additionally, customized energy management strategies and optimization models are developed to effectively allocate power throughout the operational processes of liquid engines. A comparative analysis of four engine cycles is conducted under the typically variable-thrust mission. The results indicate that attributed to the conservation of turbo-gas and battery energy, the optimized hybrid pump achieves a reduction of 2.39 % compared to the turbopump and 7.15% to the electric pump in total mass. Adaptability assessment further indicates that the mass advantage of the hybrid pump system is more significant during prolonged engine burning and deep throttling. Specific working conditions are found in which the system prefers electric-motor driving or regenerating turbine energy. Although energy-recovery results in the system efficiency decrease, it serves to lower energy demand of battery pack, thus easing the burden on cell thermal management and structural design. This study provides a practical design framework for hybrid pump-fed rocket engines in future variable-thrust missions.

Analisa Keandalan Instrumentasi Boiler Feed Pump Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) di PT.PLN Nusantara Power UP Tenayan

<p><em> </em><strong>PT. PLN Nusantara Power UP Tenayan is a company operating in the power generation sector and focuses on operating PLTUs Tenayan, Indonesia. One part of the machine that influences the operation of the generator is the boiler feed pump. Lack of optimal boiler feed pump instrumentation often results in failure in operating activities. This research uses the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method with the research objective of finding out the causes of failures that occur, identifying the type of failure, and determining the RPN value and the impact that occurs. The analysis results, it shows that the Boiler Feed Pump instrumentation components still meet operating standards because the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value is below 200, even though the Speed Sensor has a fairly high RPN value but is still in the reliable category, the result of identifying the type of failure that occurs is that the indicator reading is not actual, the component is not functioning, the highest RPN value for the Boiler Feed Pump component is the Speed Sensor component with an RPN value of 160 and the lowest RPN value is for the pressure indicator component with an RPN value of 30. The most important recommended action for the Speed Sensor component is to carry out maintenance for 1 month very.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>Boiler Feed Pump, FMEA, Keandalan, Pembangkit, RPN.</em></p>

A simple step to improve fat and energy delivery of human milk delivered via bottle-feeding pump: An experimental study.

Enteral feeding pump systems deliver decreased amounts of macronutrients in human milk to neonates. This study determined the macronutrient loss associated with a bottle-feeding pump system and the effect of manually mixing the human milk during extended feeds. Macronutrient content from samples of donor human milk was analyzed after simulated extended feeds with a bottle-feeding pump system, using a human milk analyzer. Simulations were repeated using manual mixing of the bottle every 30 min during feeding. The percentage of the baseline was calculated, and one-sample t tests and analysis of variance compared the effect of manual mixing and the duration of feeding on macronutrient delivery. The delivery of fat and energy was lower over time, but manual mixing considerably improved retention. The length of feeding impacted fat delivery, with less fat delivered over time (P < 0.001). Manually mixing significantly increased fat delivery (P < 0.001). Similar results were found for energy, with a significant reduction in energy delivery over time (P < 0.001) and significantly more energy delivered with mixing (P < 0.001). Mixing and the duration of feeding had minimal effect on protein or carbohydrate delivery. Bottle-feeding pump systems are associated with a significant reduction in the delivery of fat and energy of donor human milk. The manual mixing of donor human milk during prolonged feeds is a simple way to improve fat and energy delivery to the neonate.

Rankine Vortex Suppression Employing Shaped Drain Ports: Assessment Using a New Parameter

The phenomenon of vortexing is common in engineering applications but must be prevented due to its adverse effects on draining systems. Environmental disturbances often induce rotational motions in liquid propellants, leading to the formation of vortex air cores within the propellant tank. These air cores can impede the flow of propellants through the outlet, potentially compromising engine performance and jeopardizing mission success. The formation of air-core vortices can also induce cavitation problems in the feed pumps of propellant-draining systems. To address these challenges, researchers have designed innovative drain port geometries aimed at suppressing vortex formations. However, the lack of standardized metrics for evaluating vortexing hinders the comparison of findings across different studies. To overcome this issue, the present study formulates and proposes a novel parameter that integrates various parametric characterizations used in previous studies to assess vortexing. Upon analyzing the performance of different drain port shapes using this newly developed parameter, this study identifies cruciform drain ports with an aspect ratio of 3 as the most effective ones in suppressing vortexing. The current findings not only contribute to the data on vortex suppression strategies but also highlight the need for standardized metrics to evaluate vortexing.

A novel approach to bladder cycling for defunctionalized bladders prior to pediatric kidney transplantation: A case series

Ensuring a safe reservoir for pediatric renal transplantation into a defunctionalized bladder is a challenge faced by urologists. We present three patients with defunctionalized bladders who initiated bladder cycling utilizing overnight continuous saline infusion via enteral feeding pump for bladder salvage and subsequent transplantation.

Performance prediction and optimization of hydrogenation feed pump based on particle swarm optimization – least squares support vector regression surrogate model

Due to high power consumption and low energy efficiency of the hydrogenation feed multistage pump, conducting structural optimization design and reducing energy losses for this pump is necessary. In this study, an optimization method based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) surrogate model is proposed. The head and efficiency are taken as the optimization objectives of the multistage pump, and the optimization design of the two impellers is carried out. Through the optimization of the surrogate model, the head and efficiency of the multistage pump are increased by 3.99% and 2.91%, respectively. It is found that the optimized impeller has more stable flow characteristics than original impeller. Further, the entropy production method is introduced to analyze the energy loss of pump. The result shows that the pump optimized by PSO-LSSVR surrogate model can reduce 9% energy consumption under nominal flow rate. It is attributed to the inhibitory effect of the optimization scheme on the horseshoe vortex at leading edge and the wake vortex at trailing edge of impeller. This study provides a new idea for the optimization design of high efficiency and low energy consumption of multistage centrifugal pumps.

Insulation of feed water tank in arrangement of transportable boiler plant with direct-flow steam boiler

A transportable boiler plant is used to provide consumers with steam of high energy characteristics, while saving costs for the construction of stationary boiler houses. A transportable boiler plant can be placed in the conditions of the Far North on an oilfield site. It is therefore necessary to organize reliable and safe operation of the boiler house, consisting of a steam direct-flow boiler of the coil type, a feed pump, a feed water tank and other auxiliary elements of the thermal circuit. One of the important elements in the thermal circuit is the feed water tank, in which water accumulates after chemical purification. It is where the water is also heated, increasing the efficiency of the boiler. Methods for calculating the diameters of main steam pipelines and feed water pipelines are described. The theoretical foundations of the operation of the feed water tank, its use in thermal power plants, combined heat and power plants, district industrial and heating boilers using various thermal arrangements of the above-mentioned enterprises are considered. The operation of the feed water tank in the thermal circuit of a steam unit is discussed. A thermal circuit of an industrial boiler house has been designed to generate saturated steam for consumers using direct-flow steam boilers of the coil type. The diameters of the inlet and outlet pipelines of the storage tank are calculated. The effective thickness of thermal insulation required to minimize heat losses during operation of a transportable boiler plant has been determined. Modeling of the design of the feed water tank and heat losses through its surface is carried out. A 3D model of the designed tank is presented, as well as heat losses through the surface of the tank walls when using a thermal insulation material. The importance of using thermal insulation of various tanks for storing feed water, petroleum products, hydrocarbons and other various media is noted.

Experimental study of a booster pump-free isobaric energy recovery device (DAC) for reverse osmosis: Performance evaluation and comparison

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a widely used desalination technology known for its high energy requirements. However, the incorporation of energy recovery devices (ERDs) in RO plants has proven effective in reducing specific energy consumption. The booster pump (BP) is an essential component utilized in conjunction with isobaric ERDs. Approximately 5 to 10 % of the capital cost for small to medium-sized RO units is attributed to the BP. The objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of implementing a newly designed isobaric ERD called DAC. The study focuses on an RO plant with a capacity of 48 m3/day. The proposed ERD undergoes design, manufacturing, and experimental testing. The major benefit is its ability to utilize the system feed pump as a BP, eliminating the need for a separate BP. This equipment reduction not only lowers the initial cost but also simplifies the system complexity. Furthermore, the system is designed to allow a comparison between the DAC and a pressure exchanger (PX) under the same operating conditions. However, unlike the DAC, the PX becomes unresponsive and does not function when the BP is turned off to allow the system feed pump to take over.

Detection of abnormal operation in geothermal binary plant feed pumps using time-series analytics

In this study, we investigate potential pump cavitation events in circulating feed pumps deployed in a geothermal binary power plant using feature-based time series analytics and machine learning. The feed pumps have been in operation for over a decade but have been experiencing episodes wherein the pumps were drawing in lower power even while pump speeds were maintained at the same levels.A workflow combining time-series analytics and first-principle thermodynamics was applied to characterise potential drivers of the abnormal events in the feed pumps. An approach based on systematic time-series feature engineering and semi-supervised machine learning was used to fully annotate the input data and identify twenty (20) undocumented occurrences of the target event. Time-series features extracted from the fully labelled dataset were then used to train forecasting models to identify potential drivers of the target events. Forecasting models trained using pump data outperformed those trained on times-series data from other power plant components (Matthew’s correlation coefficient score of 0.490 vs 0.255). This result indicates that the abnormal events are primarily driven by operating conditions local to the feed pump system. This finding was confirmed by Bayesian A/B testing, showing that the target events were more likely to occur by 22% when four (4) feed pumps were running compared to when only three (3) pumps were in operation. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis of the state of the working fluid across the feed pumps shows irregularities at the pump inlet, where indications of partial vaporisation of the working fluid have been identified.

In full swing: Analytical strategies for the conservation assessment of operating Industrial Heritage machinery

The condition assessment of Industrial Heritage machinery in operation is an open research subject of utmost importance for defining conservation and maintenance plans. The present work approaches this issue by proposing the study of Industrial Heritage machinery that includes the assessment of substrates, coatings, lubricants and operating mechanisms by applying analytical techniques currently used for heritage studies together with techniques employed in condition monitoring of modern machinery. An early 20th century steam engine from the Vale de Milhaços Gunpowder Factory (Portugal), in operation for demonstration purposes, was selected as a case study. The engine metallic alloys and coatings were studied by XRF and Raman spectroscopies, and the main properties of lubricants studied according to EN ISO and ASTM standard tests. Metallic particles present in the oil due to wear were assessed by XRF. The mechanisms were examined by gamma radiography, magnetoscopy, thermography and vibrational analysis.Data showed the use of distinct alloys according to the engine components' function similar to those reported for the same period. Green copper phthalocyanine and toluidine red identified as coatings’ pigments are typical from the late 20th century and thus ascribed to a previous repair. The properties of the fresh and used lubricants are slightly different but without evidence of a significant alteration that could endanger the machine's functioning. However, the presence of metallic particles in the oil suggested the existence of wear phenomena. The engine's operating speed (51 rpm) and the vapour temperature (≈154 °C) attained inside the cylinder were indirectly determined. The presence of cracks on the engine structure was assessed, and possible faults that can imperil the engine functioning were analysed. The vibrational analysis of equipment in operation revealed a lack of lubrication and wear on the feed pump journal bearings.

Research on the influence of fluid viscosity on the inlet flow parameters of wiped film molecular distillation

Wiped film molecular distillation is a kind of evaporation device with rotating scraping film structure, which is used to separate and purify viscous materials at molecular level. The feed pump of a wiped film molecular distillation is a centrifugal pump driven by a brushless DC motor. The fluid flow at the outlet has an important effect on the evaporation process. Based on the geometric model of the test pump generated by Gambit, the unsteady flow and head in the pump under optimal, low flow and shut off conditions were calculated, and the influence of liquid viscosity on the flow parameter pulsation behind the impeller, that is, inside the volute was investigated. The head calculated by unsteady flow model and steady flow model is compared with the experimental values. In addition, the calculated liquid velocity distribution during water transport is compared with the measured results of LDV in detail. The results show that the increase of fluid viscosity weakens the flow parameter pulsation behind the impeller of the feed pump and the flow separation tendency near the blade face.

Results of the study of rotary feed pump with separator and screw feeder

The article presents the results of an analysis of experimental studies of a rotary lobe pump with a separator and a screw feeder. The pressure loss in the feed line, the influence of the shape of the separator and the angle between its working edges on the performance characteristics of the pump, the influence of the performance of the screw feeder on the characteristics of the pump and the influence of the rotation speed of the pump shaft on its characteristics are studied. characteristics. As a result of experimental studies, it was established that a rotary pump with a screw feeder reliably transports feed mixtures with grass paste with a moisture content of 74% or more and feed mixtures without grass with a moisture content of 68% or more at a pressure in the discharge line of 0.4 MPa. In this case, the speed of the feed mixture in the suction cavity of the pump must be at least 0.42 m/s, which is ensured by a screw feeder.

Development of technical solutions for modernization of the rotary feed mechanism of a quarry drilling rig

This article substantiates and describes the design and operating principle of an electrohydromechanical rotator, presents the results of experimental studies of a prototype, shows ways to reduce dynamic loads and recommendations for improving the rotary-feeding mechanism of a drilling rig of the SBSh-250MNA-32 type. An improved kinematic and hydraulic diagram of an electrohydromechanical rotary-feeding mechanism and installation of a feed pump with a drive electric motor in the machine room of a drilling rig are presented. A design has also been developed for the electrohydromechanical rotary-feeding mechanism of the drilling rig, which can significantly reduce transmission vibrations, increase durability, and, as a result, the productivity of the machine.

SIMULATION OF BOILER FEED PUMP USING CONTROLLER PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY OF SAPELE POWER BOILER FEED PUMP

The goal of this work is to automate the Sapele Power Plant Boiler Feed Pumps (BFPs) using CODESYS software to simulate BFP controlled by a proposed PLC system that was manually controlled. The boiler pressure, level, feed stream flow, and primary heat transport (PHT) pressure BFP were restored to their optimal levels within a few seconds after trip. This was possible for the standby program used for automation within 14 seconds when compared to the manual process that was in place. During the simulation, the BFP goes into standby mode after 14 seconds. The results obtained under automated condition shows the boiler pressure rises to 40.3 kg/cm-1s-2 and remained stable for 147 seconds as against 55.9 kg/cm-1s-2 in 25 seconds under unautomated conditions. The flow rate of the feed water shows a decrease of -0.172 m at 50 seconds. The boiler pressure rose further to 44 kg/cm-1s-2 at 175 seconds, which corresponds to a specific gravity value of 59.5 kg/cm3 at the same time. At 146 seconds, the feed water hits the trip setting of -2.85m owed to low specific gravity (SG) level when compared to the unautomated condition. Thus, a further increase reached fluctuation level of -10m at 200 seconds. The PHT was 88.5 kg/cm-1s-2 at 146 seconds contrary to the expected pressure of 105.6 kg/cm-1s-2 for unautomated state. This change after 146 seconds results from generator trip. The pressure increases to 90.2 kg/cm3 at approximately 148 seconds and subsequently decreases to 48 kg/cm3 consequently opening of the condenser steam discharge valve (CSDVs) and atmospheric steam discharge valve (ASDVs) during the simulation state.

Ways of TPP Power Units Modernization During Their Conversion to Ultra-Supercritical Steam Parameters

The approach to solving the applied problem of modernization of the 300 MW series power units produced by JSC "Ukrainian Energy Machines" by converting them from supercritical to ultra-supercritical steam parameters, provided that regenerative feed water heating system is preserved as much as possible, which will lead to an increase in the energy efficiency of the TPP with minimal conversion, is analyzed in the paper. The conversion of the K-300-240-2 power unit to the parameters of fresh steam 650 °C/30 MPa and intermediate superheated steam 650 °C/7 MPa, determined as optimal as a result of previous studies, can be carried out by completely replacing the high-pressure cylinder of the existing unit for a new high-pressure cylinder with ultra-supercritical steam parameters and superstructure with an additional intermediate-pressure cylinder while fully preserving the parameters and designs of the intermediate- and low-pressure output parts. Two options for modernization of the 300 MW series power unit thermal circuit structure were considered, and the scale of conversion of the regenerative feed water heating system was evaluated. In the first option of the thermal scheme, the 1st steam selection is organized from the cold threads of the modernized high-pressure cylinder with ultra-supercritical steam parameters, and the 2nd one – from the cold threads of the additional intermediate-pressure cylinder. In this case, two high-pressure heaters and a turbo drive of the feed pump are subject to replacement. The disadvantage of this option is that due to a significant increase in steam parameters, it is impossible to choose high-pressure heaters from the existing model range, and a new design must be developed. The electrical efficiency for this modernization option increases from 36.5% (the initial thermal circuit of the K-300-240-2 turbine) to 42.5%. In the second option, it is proposed to install an additional turbine with a capacity of 3 MW, to the input of which a steam from cold threads of the high-pressure cylinder with ultra-supercritical steam parameters is supplied with a loss equal to the sum of the 1st and 2nd selections of the original version of the turbine, on the same shaft with a turbo drive of the feed pump for the sake of preserving the existing high-pressure heater. The steam from the additional turbine selections goes to high-pressure heaters HPH9 and HPH8 with parameters corresponding to the output data of the existing turbine. Taking this into account, high-pressure heaters will not be replaceable. In addition, the power of the additional turbine is sufficient to ensure the operation of the feed pump together with the turbo drive of the feed pump to obtain a water pressure of 34 MPa. In view of this, the turbo drive of the feed pump also remains unchanged, except for the additional turbine installation. The electrical efficiency for the second option of the modernization scheme of the K-300-240-2 power unit is 42.4%. It was determined that the payback period of the modernization according to the first option is 5 years, taking into account the modernization of the boiler unit, and according to the second one – 4.5 years. It is proposed to choose the option of the thermal scheme with an additional turbine, since in this case it is possible to modernize the K-300-240-2 power unit with the maximum possible preservation of the regenerative feed water heating system while increasing its energy efficiency by almost 14%.

STABILIZATION OF THE REVERSING SPEED OF THE DRIVE MOTOR SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR PRIVATE VOLTAGE WITH ACCUMULATORS BATTERIES

To limit the consequences of natural disasters and natural disasters (Japan's Fukushima NPP, Chornobyl NPP), reliable power supply systems are used for responsible mechanisms, which include engines of the cooling system of nuclear reactors, feed pumps and other consumers. Therefore, the use of reliable power supply systems increases the trouble-free operation of the station. Diesel generator sets, turbo generators, and batteries are used as sources of reliable power.&#x0D; A significant disadvantage of thermal sources of mechanical energy is the softness of external characteristics. Known sources do not cover the issue of using electromechanical converters for generating units with a capacity from 100 kW to several thousand kW.&#x0D; Theoretical studies on the basis of existing autonomous sources of power supply proved that existing heat engines do not allow to stabilize the speed of rotation of the synchronous generator, which feeds responsible consumers, even in the presence of a general-mode speed regulator. Therefore, a stabilization system was developed and proposed when powering a DC motor from a battery.&#x0D; The calculated dependences confirmed the stability of the generator rotation speed with the proper selection of the feedback coefficients.

Research and application on optimization of sealed water return system of feed pump

The importance of sealed water return system of feed pump to the safety and economy of power plant is analyzed. This paper studies the common sealed water supply way of feed pump, and three main sealed water return system way and working principle, and analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages. The calculation methods of water seal height of single stage and multistage water seal are studied. A design scheme of water tank and water seal is proposed, which enhances the adaptability of water seal device and optimizes the system.

Design of Fire Risk Estimation Method Based on Facility Data for Thermal Power Plants.

In this paper, we propose a data classification and analysis method to estimate fire risk using facility data of thermal power plants. To estimate fire risk based on facility data, we divided facilities into three states-Steady, Transient, and Anomaly-categorized by their purposes and operational conditions. This method is designed to satisfy three requirements of fire protection systems for thermal power plants. For example, areas with fire risk must be identified, and fire risks should be classified and integrated into existing systems. We classified thermal power plants into turbine, boiler, and indoor coal shed zones. Each zone was subdivided into small pieces of equipment. The turbine, generator, oil-related equipment, hydrogen (H2), and boiler feed pump (BFP) were selected for the turbine zone, while the pulverizer and ignition oil were chosen for the boiler zone. We selected fire-related tags from Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data and acquired sample data during a specific period for two thermal power plants based on inspection of fire and explosion scenarios in thermal power plants over many years. We focused on crucial fire cases such as pool fires, 3D fires, and jet fires and organized three fire hazard levels for each zone. Experimental analysis was conducted with these data set by the proposed method for 500 MW and 100 MW thermal power plants. The data classification and analysis methods presented in this paper can provide indirect experience for data analysts who do not have domain knowledge about power plant fires and can also offer good inspiration for data analysts who need to understand power plant facilities.

Extraction turbines and feed-heating in geothermal binary plants: A thermodynamic performance assessment

The use of extraction turbines in conjunction with multiple feedwater heaters is standard practice in conventional fossil or nuclear steam electrical generating stations as a way to conserve fuel by raising the final feedwater temperature entering the boiler. One way to improve the thermal efficiency of geothermal binary plants is to include a heat recuperator that uses the expanded, but still hot working fluid leaving the turbine to preheat the working fluid leaving the feed pump prior to reaching the main brine heat exchangers. However, the use of partially-expanded working fluid from an extraction turbine to further preheat the working fluid has not been widely deployed in geothermal binary plants. This paper will describe this technique in a feed-heating cycle, develop the working equations to assess the performance for a variety of geofluid temperatures, to determine whether or not this approach can be as effective in geothermal binary plants as it is in conventional nuclear power plants. Finally, we will discuss the practical aspects of this system in geothermal binary plants, and suggest some further studies to extend this concept to other geothermal applications.