Feed Supplement For Livestock Research Articles

Evaluation of Proximate, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Capacity, Enzymatic Inhibition, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Avocado Seed Meal as Potential Feed Additive

This study examined the proximate composition, phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, enzymatic inhibition, and anti-inflammatory properties of avocado seed meal. The proximate analysis revealed that avocado seed meal is rich in protein (17.32%), fat (15.33%), and carbohydrates (48.73%), with moderate levels of moisture (10.26%), ash (2.39%), and crude fiber (5.97%). Phytochemical analysis indicated high contents of phenols (111.56 mg/g), saponins (96.94 mg/g) and flavonoids (66.66 mg/g), but lower levels of alkaloids (14.60 mg/g), tannins (1.17 mg/g), and steroids (0.89 mg/g). The antioxidant properties assessed showed significant DPPH (50.05%) and FRAP (63.04%) free radical scavenging activities, though lower inhibition of lipid peroxidation (34.88%) and vitamin C content (0.03 mg/g). Enzymatic inhibition assays demonstrated alpha-lipase, alpha-glucosidase, and alpha-amylase inhibition rates of 31.46%, 27.56%, and 50.88%, respectively. Anti-inflammatory properties were also notable, with 24.02% albumin denaturation inhibition and 37.99% antiprotease activity. These findings suggest that avocado seed meal holds considerable potential for nutritional and therapeutic applications as natural feed supplement for livestock and humans.

Azolla as a Nutrient-Rich Feed Supplement for Livestock: Enhancing Health and Productivity

Azolla as a Nutrient-Rich Feed Supplement for Livestock: Enhancing Health and Productivity

Assessing the effect of cultural practices on Mississippi corn production: 2. Grain composition

AbstractGlobal demand for corn (Zea mays L.) is increasing, and it remains one of the most consumed crops by both humans and animals due to its high calorie content. However, corn grain quality research is sparse and often focused only on a few selected influencing factors. Therefore, two side‐by‐side studies (Addition and Deletion) were conducted in 2020 and 2021 in Mississippi to assess the grain composition including protein, starch, oil, and moisture of corn under several management practices. A randomized complete block design was implemented in both experiments involving a complete factorial of three factors including two plant populations (32,000 and 40,000 seed acre−1), two‐row configurations (single and twin), and six combinations of nutrients plus fungicide application (NF). The trials differed based on the manner of NF applications. In the trial termed Addition, all NF treatments were added incrementally, whereas in the Deletion trial they were withheld in a stepwise manner. Conditional inference tree analysis was conducted to examine interaction effects among the three factors over 3 site‐years. Corn protein content ranged between 8.2% and 9.8% across all years and locations. All three factors and certain interactions significantly influenced both protein and starch content. Specifically, single row planting, 40,000 seeds acre−1, and higher rates of N resulted in higher protein content. Contrarily, the starch content was positively influenced by twin row, 32,000 seeds acre−1 and only N application. Single row configuration resulted in higher oil than twin rows. This study determined that different management factors have the potential to positively influence protein, starch, and oil. These management strategies could extend farmers profitability and provide superior products for industrial purposes with additional implications for livestock feed supplements.

Proposal for a Circular Economy of glycerin as a by-product of biodiesel production

The Circular Economy of glycerin a proposal to reduce the environmental impact, the economic contribution, as well as avoid the discharge of used edible oils into bodies of water, the problems towards gray water treatment plants in the pretreatment process, in the landfill to prevent runoff from contaminating the soil, due to the type of Karstic soil in the region. Obtaining glycerin is one of the objectives of the project, part of the work is its application of fuel cells, as an alternative source of renewable energy. The proposed methodology Circular Economy of glycerin by-product obtained from biodiesel and the uses derived from it, the economic contribution and sustainability of this. As a result, obtaining an environmental, economic benefit, which requires both compliance with environmental laws and regulations, letting the population of the northern area of Quintana Roo know that there are alternative places to the pipes, throwing it in garbage bags where they deposit their used oil, the use of glycerin as a component livestock feed supplement as soil fertilizers and use in the generation of biogas.

Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds of Certain Seaweeds: A Livestock and Poultry Feed Supplements

Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds of Certain Seaweeds: A Livestock and Poultry Feed Supplements

The potential of Black Garlic as Livestock Feed Supplement

Black garlic is generated from the fermentation of the fresh ones in one to three weeks at 60-80oC and relative humidity of 50-99%. This product is derived without additives and is utilized for human or livestock health. In general, it contains bioactive substances, including Antioxidants, Polyphenols, Gallic, Chlorogenic, Caffeic, P-Coumaric Acid, and Flavonoid. These substances can be used as prebiotics and feed supplements for livestock, especially small ruminants. Feed supplements are an alternative solution to promote healthy, economic, and environmentally friendly livestock production, productivity, and performance. Furthermore, healthy livestock implies safe and healthy food production for humans.

Nutritional evaluation of Pentas schimperiana as livestock feed and potential protein supplement

Pentas schimperiana is locally available and dominantly used as a dairy cattle feed in the Dawuro zone's Maraka district, Ethiopia. There is some information about its utilization practice, however, data on its nutritional benefit is limited. This research aimed to examine the chemical content and digestibility of P. schimperiana for use as cattle feed during the dry season. For this study, a 2x2 factorial design with two agro-ecologies (midland and highland) and two seasons (wet and dry) was used for this study. P. schimperiana leaves, twigs and stems were gathered and processed for laboratory analysis from two agro-ecologies and two seasons. The chemical composition, in-vitro digestibility, and in-Sacco degradability of the samples were determined after incubation at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Effective degradability (ED) and Potential degradation (PD) were computed. The collected data were subjected to an Analysis of Variance and the means that had significant deference, the mean separation was performed by Tukey with alpha level of 0.05. In-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (87.41%) and crude protein (CP) (17.39%) were significantly higher in highland. Digestible crude protein (DCP) was significantly larger in dry than in the wet season with the content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) decreased. During the wet season, potential degradability (PD) and effective degradability (ED) of DM were highest in the highland with a decrease in leg time, which was related to the low content of ADF, ADL, NDF, tannin, and high CP in vegetative stages of P. schimperiana. The result indicates that P. schimperiana might be used as supplementary feeds to enhance utilization of low-quality feed resources and improve the performance of ruminants during the dry season when feed is scarce.

Finding alternative uses for Australian rosella (

Context Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a relatively new crop in Australia, with only a few commercial producers. The calyces are harvested for human consumption, with the seed pods often discarded as a waste byproduct. However, this material may have potential as a livestock feed supplement or as a value-added product in the food processing industry. Aims This study aimed to investigate the nutritional potential of rosella pods for use as a feed supplement, including an in vitro assessment of their digestibility in beef cattle. Methods Samples of rosella plants were separated into leaves, pods and calyces, then freeze-dried and ground. These products were measured in duplicate for their antioxidant capacity, as well as protein, metal, phenolic and anthocyanin content. Samples of the dried rosella pods (n = 3) underwent in vitro digestibility analysis using rumen/pepsin digestions and were compared with samples of commercial feedstock (n = 3). The resulting simulated gastrointestinal fluids from these digestions were tested for antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. Key results The highest antioxidant and phenolic contents of plant parts were observed in the pods (14 300 mg Trolox equivalents and 2960 mg gallic acid equivalents 100 g−1, respectively), highlighting their potential for human or animal nutrition. The pods also contained moderate to high levels of minerals including calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc. Although the in vitro dry matter digestibility was lower (P < 0.001) than that of a conventional grain feedstock, the rosella pod substrate released significantly higher (P = 0.02) levels of antioxidants upon digestion than the commercial feedstock. Conclusion Although rosella pod digestibility was lower than that of a conventional grain feedstock, it was comparable to mean values for Australian hays and silages. Given the higher levels of antioxidants released during digestion, rosella waste product has potential to be used in small amounts as a feed supplement, with the added benefit of enhancing free radical quenching ability. Implications This study provides evidence for further investigation of the use of rosella waste as an animal feed, which would improve sustainability in agriculture as well as potentially improve animal health.

Platforms to accelerate biomanufacturing of enzyme and probiotic animal feed supplements: discovery considerations and manufacturing implications

Probiotics and enzymes are important components of the global livestock feed supplement market, which is expected to be approximately US$56 billion by 2027. They make essential contributions to animal health and productivity and are very important for on-farm economics, as well as feed supplement and bulk feed businesses. Despite the variety of on-market products, there remains a strong drive to develop new function or more effective enzymes (e.g. more active or stable) and probiotics (e.g. for specific health or nutrition requirements) that can be produced economically and commercialised to gain market share. Various large and established supplement development, manufacture and supply companies with highly refined, efficient and vertically integrated processes dominate the market. In contrast, many challenges exist for less established players, such as feed companies, large farming corporations, start-up companies and the research community, to develop and commercialise improved feed supplements. These less established players may have niche markets or needs or may have identified highly novel candidate products through basic or collaborative academia-industry applied research. In these situations, the path from discovery and development to a commercial product is unclear and likely to be very challenging. However, the risk of not progressing is that the value of research investments is not realised, or the needs of specific niche markets are not met. For these situations, new pathways to market based on rapid discovery, production (at various scales), and testing feedback loops, along with appropriate intellectual property management and clear regulatory strategies need to be established. To deliver these new pathways, it is essential to define key performance, production and economic criteria, have a rapid route from laboratory to pilot-scale manufacture and livestock feeding trials, and include all the necessary participants in the value chain from research development, manufacturing, distribution, and regulatory management to the end user. These issues are discussed with reference to the current state-of-the-art and our development of new pathways for a specific enzyme and probiotic based on efficient laboratory-to-market platforms. Although new supplements have been brought closer to market, challenges remain regarding scaling to commercial manufacture for new products without an established market.

Innovative process of a food supplement made from oregano bagasse. “NUTRIOREG”

The South-Central Region of Chihuahua is a highly agricultural and livestock area. It has 41,900 hectares of non-timber forest resource (oregano) (Alarcón, 2005), which is processed and generates waste up to 1,470.17 tons per season cycle, which do not take advantage of its economic and nutritional benefit. The niche of opportunity was born here where it was found that the oregano residue contains 16.44% of protein per 100 g according to studies at the Center for Research in Food and Development of Delicias (CIAD), attached to CONACYT, and in the laboratory of the company Alimentos Concentrados de Delicias. The proportion that is generated from this waste is very rich, it is considered as an area of commercialization opportunity. In this region there are 257 potential clients according to SAGARPA (2017) dedicated to raising cattle. As quoted by Almeida G, (DIGAL 2018) specified that 8363 livestock production units participate directly in the dairy activity with a daily volume of 3,000,000 liters of milk. Of the five dairy basins in the state, Delicias is the most important, therefore, there is the opportunity to establish the NUTRIOREG company as a producer of concentrated feed supplement for livestock.

Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense keratinase liberated essential and nonessential amino acids from chicken feather degradation

ABSTRACT Keratinous biomass valorization for value-added products presents a high prospect in ecological management and the advancement of the bio-economy. Consequently, soil samples from the poultry dumpsite were collected. The bacteria isolated on the basal salt medium were screened for keratinolytic activity. The potent chicken feathers degrading bacteria were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Fermentation process conditions were optimized, and the amino acid compositions of the feather hydrolysate were likewise quantified. Ten (10) proteolytic bacteria evaluated on skimmed milk agar showed intact chicken feather degradation ranging from 33% (WDS-03) to 88% (FPS-09). The extracellular keratinase activity ranged from 224.52 ± 42.46 U/mL (WDS-03) to 834.55 ± 66.86 U/mL (FPS-07). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, the most potent keratinolytic isolates coded as FPS-07, FPS-09, FPS-01, and WDS-06 were identified as Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense FANN1, Chryseobacterium aquifrigidense FANN2, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ANNb, and Bacillus sp. ANNa, respectively. C aquifrigidense FANN2 maximally produced keratinase (1460.90 ± 26.99 U/mL) at 72 h of incubation under optimal process conditions of pH (6), inoculum side (5%; v/v), temperature (30°C), and chicken feather (25 g/L). The feather hydrolysate showed a protein value of 67.54%, with a relative abundance of arginine (2.84%), serine (3.14%), aspartic acid (3.33%), glutamic acid (3.73%), and glycine (2.81%). C. aquifrigidense FANN2 yielded high keratinase titre and dismembered chicken feathers into amino acids-rich hydrolysate, highlighting its significance in the beneficiation of recalcitrant keratinous wastes into dietary proteins as potential livestock feed supplements.

Effect of Media with Different Glycerol Concentrations on Sheep Red Blood Cells' Viability In Vitro.

Simple SummaryGlycerol is widely used as a feed supplement in ruminant nutrition. However, its administration at moderate and high doses results in an increase in plasma osmolality and in an alteration of red blood cell (RBC) indices. The present study aimed at further elucidating the effect of glycerol on RBCs’ functionality by evaluating the effect of different glycerol concentrations on RBC homeostasis under in vitro conditions. Obtained results showed that glycerol permeates the RBC membrane and leads to hemolysis when glycerol concentration exceeds 200 mg/dL. However, RBCs’ antioxidant defenses appear to protect cell membranes without causing an increase of oxidative stress markers. Moreover, no alteration in RBCs’ intracellular Ca2+ ion concentrations and metabolic activity were found. In conclusion, glycerol-based nutritional treatment should be designed in sheep to avoid exceeding 200 mg/dL glycerol circulating concentration to prevent RBC osmotic stress.The use of high doses of glycerol as a livestock feed supplement is followed by a rapid increase in plasma concentrations and consequently in plasma osmolality. Moreover, glycerol is a highly diffusible molecule that can readily permeate the red blood cell (RBC) membrane following a concentration gradient. A rise in glycerol plasma concentrations can thus alter RBC homeostasis. The present study aimed at investigating both glycerol osmotic effects on sheep RBCs and their oxidative response under in vitro conditions. Sheep blood samples were suspended in media supplemented with increasing glycerol concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 mg/dL), which reflected those found in vivo in previous studies, and incubated at 37 °C for 4h. Thereafter, osmolality and hemolysis were determined in spent media, while cell extracts were used to assay intracellular concentration of glycerol, ATP, Ca2+ ions, oxidative stress markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS).The study confirmed that glycerol intracellular concentrations are directly related with its concentration in the incubation media, as well as hemolysis (p < 0.001) which increased significantly at glycerol concentrations higher form 200 mg/dL. ROS intracellular level increased at all glycerol concentration tested (p < 0.01) and total thiols decreased at the highest concentrations. However, RBCs proved to be able to cope by activating their antioxidant defense system. Superoxide dismutase activity indeed increased at the highest glycerol concentrations (p < 0.001), while total antioxidant capacity and malonyldialdehyde, a typical product of lipid peroxidation by ROS, did not show significant changes. Moreover, no alterations in intracellular Ca2+ ions and ATP concentrations were found. In conclusion, glycerol-induced hemolysis can be related to the induced osmotic stress. In sheep, nutritional treatments should be designed to avoid reaching glycerol circulating concentrations higher than 200 mg/dL.

A regional inter‐disciplinary partnership focusing on the development of a carinata‐centered bioeconomy

AbstractBrassica carinata or Ethiopian mustard, a non‐edible oilseed brassica, is a low carbon, purpose‐grown, and none‐to‐low indirect land‐use change bioenergy feedstock for the production of drop‐in sustainable aviation fuel, biodiesel, renewable diesel, and a suite of value‐added coproducts. Carinata oil converted to drop‐in fuel using an American Society for Testing and Materials approved Catalytic Hydrothermolysis process has been successfully tested in commercial and military aviation. Carinata meal, the residue after oil extraction, is a high‐protein feed supplement for livestock, poultry, and swine, and can also yield specialty products. The Southeast Partnership for Advanced Renewables from Carinata (SPARC) is a public–private partnership formed with a twofold mission: (1) Removing physical, environmental, social, and economic constraints that prevent regional intensification of carinata production as a low‐carbon feedstock for renewable fuel and coproducts and (2) demonstrating enhanced value across the entire value chain by mitigating risk to farmers and other stakeholders. The partnership's goal is to energize the US bioeconomy through sustainable agriculture and thus contribute to energy security and economic diversification. SPARC relies on a combination of cutting‐edge multidisciplinary research and active industry engagement to facilitate adoption of the crop. This involves informing stakeholders along the entire supply chain, from producers to end‐users, policymakers, influencers, and the public, about the opportunities and best practices related to carinata. This article provides context and background concerning carinata commercialization as a winter cash crop in the Southeast US for renewable fuels and bioproducts. The advances made to date in the areas of feedstock development, fuel and coproduct development, meal valorization, supply chain logistics, and stakeholder engagement are outlined.

A refined medium to enhance the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS5

Postbiotic RS5, produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS5, has been identified as a promising alternative feed supplement for various livestock. This study aimed to lower the production cost by enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the postbiotic RS5 by improving the culture density of L. plantarum RS5 and reducing the cost of growth medium. A combination of conventional and statistical-based approaches (Fractional Factorial Design and Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology) was employed to develop a refined medium for the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic RS5. A refined medium containing 20 g/L of glucose, 27.84 g/L of yeast extract, 5.75 g/L of sodium acetate, 1.12 g/L of Tween 80 and 0.05 g/L of manganese sulphate enhanced the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic RS5 by 108%. The cost of the production medium was reduced by 85% as compared to the commercially available de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium that is typically used for Lactobacillus cultivation. Hence, the refined medium has made the postbiotic RS5 more feasible and cost-effective to be adopted as a feed supplement for various livestock industries.

Sustainability analysis for rice and duck farming in swampy land, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, South Kalimantan

In Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, the increasing of the potential of swampy land utilization through rice and duck farming needs to be developed towards the sustainable agriculture. This study aims to analyze the sustainability index of rice farming and duck poultry using the Sustainability Index approach of Lebak in Sungai Durait Hulu Village, Regency of Hulu Sungai Utara. Measurement of sustainability index includes six dimensions namely environment, economy, human resources, social, technology and institutions. The results showed that the sustainability index of rice and duck farming was about 47.54%, indicating rice and duck farming was less sustainable. The highest value of sustainability index was the social dimension, while other dimensions were included in the less sustainable category. The dimensions that has less sustainable need to be improved that could be focused on the leverage attributes which are land fertility and livestock raising system in ecological dimension, availability of livestock and product market and marketing of livestock product in economic dimension, ability to manage farming in the family and availability of family human resource in human resource dimension, agricultural waste treatment technology and feed supplement for livestock in technology dimension as well as the institution of output in institutional dimension.

Inhibitory Effect of Lipoteichoic Acid Derived from Three Lactobacilli on Flagellin-Induced IL-8 Production in Porcine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Probiotics in livestock feed supplements are considered to be an alternative to antibiotics. However, effector molecules responsible for the beneficial roles of probiotics in pigs are in general not well known. Thus, this study demonstrated that a well-known virulence factor, flagellin of Salmonella typhimurium, significantly induced IL-8 production in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, whereas lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum, L. casei, and L. rhamnosus GG, effectively inhibited flagellin-induced IL-8 production at mRNA and protein levels. However, the lipoproteins of L. plantarum, L. casei, and L. rhamnosus GG did not suppress flagellin-induced IL-8 production. While D-alanine-deficient L. plantarum LTA inhibited flagellin-induced IL-8 production, L. plantarum LTA deficient in both D-alanine and acyl chains failed to inhibit it; this suggests that the acyl moieties of L. plantarum LTA are essential for inhibiting flagellin-induced IL-8 production. Taken together, L. plantarum LTA plays an important role in improving anti-inflammatory responses of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition

Hempseeds, the edible fruits of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, were initially considered a by-product of the hemp technical fibre industry. Nowadays, following the restorationing of the cultivation of C. sativa L. plants containing an amount of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) <0.3% or 0.2% (industrial hemp) there is a growing interest for the hempseeds production due to their high nutritional value and functional features. The goal of this review is to examine the scientific literature concerning the nutritional and functional properties of hempseeds. Furthermore, we revised the scientific literature regarding the potential use of hempseeds and their derivatives as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and chronic-degenerative diseases on animal models and humans too. In the first part of the work, we provide information regarding the genetic, biochemical, and legislative aspects of this plant that are, in our opinion essential to understand the difference between “industrial” and “drug-type” hemp. In the final part of the review, the employment of hempseeds by the food industry as livestock feed supplement and as ingredient to enrich or fortify daily foods has also revised. Overall, this review intends to encourage further and comprehensive investigations about the adoption of hempseeds in the functional foods field.

Hot Water and Sulfuric Acid Solution for Increasing The Viability and Vigor of Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana)

Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) is a multi-benefit plant, two of them are for natural dyes and livestock feed supplement. Indigofera seeds are hard and thick-coated so that the germination percentage is low and not grow in simultaneously. This study aimed to obtain an effective and practical method of increasing seed viability and vigor was carried out from March to May 2019 at the BBTP Central Java. The research used a completely randomized design, consisted 9 treatments(control, soaked in hot water by 80 and 100°C then leave it for 24 hours, and soaked in a solution of H2SO4 95% for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes) and 4 replications. The germination method used the top of paper with filter paper media. The results showed that soaking the seeds in hot water and sulfuric acid solutions significantly increased germination, maximum growth potential, vigor index, and growth rate. Soaking seeds in a 95% H2SO4 solution for 10 minutes increased the germination of the seeds (84%), maximum growth potential (91%), vigor index (69%), and growth rate by (13.81% etmal−1). The finding concludes that the best treatment was soaking seed in H2SO4 solution for 10 minutes, and longer soaking time (> 50 minutes) will decrease all parameters.

Nano zinc oxide - An alternate zinc supplement for livestock.

Aim:This study was aimed to investigate antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO in in vitro for the application of livestock feed supplement.Materials and Methods:Nano ZnO was synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method using zinc acetate as a precursor and sodium hydroxide was used for reducing the precursor salt. The properties of synthesized powder were characterized using ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. In vitro antimicrobial activities were analyzed against the pathogenic bacteria in poultry Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus aeruginosa. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to analyze the cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO.Results:SEM showed a spherical ZnO particle in the range of 70-100 nm. The size of the particle and purity of the sample were confirmed by XRD. The nano-sized ZnO particles exhibited the UV absorption peak at 335 nm. In FTIR spectroscopy, pure ZnO nanoparticles showed stretching vibrations at 4000-5000 cm−1. ZnO nanoparticles exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and S. aeruginosa bacterial strains. Cell viability was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner in the cytotoxicity study.Conclusion:From the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the lower cytotoxicity observed at the prescribed dose, it is concluded that nano ZnO powder is a potential alternate zinc supplement for livestock.

ANALISIS EKONOMI PEMANFAATAN JUS LIMBAH WORTEL (Daucus Carota L.) SEBAGAI FEED SUPPLEMENT TERNAK AYAM KAMPUNG

This study aims to determine the economic feasibility of utilizing carrot juice (Daucus carota L.) as feed supplement for native chicken. The study was conducted from April to July 2019 in the Pandu Experimental Garden in North Minahasa Regency. Economic analysis in the form of income analysis to determine the income derived from the livestock business by raising native chickens. If the value of TR&gt; TC, the livestock business is profitable, if TR = TC, the livestock business is in a BEP condition, and if TR &lt;TC, the livestock business loses. Business feasibility analysis includes price BEP, production BEP and R / C ratio. The results showed that the utilization of carrot juice (Daucus carota L.) as a feed supplement for native chicken livestock is economically feasible to be cultivated because it provides benefits based on economic analysis of R / C value&gt; 1 and Break Event Point that is exceeded by product income and rupiah.*eprm*